EP0197916A1 - Feeding and removing device for a press, in particular a hydraulic column press - Google Patents
Feeding and removing device for a press, in particular a hydraulic column press Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0197916A1 EP0197916A1 EP19860890072 EP86890072A EP0197916A1 EP 0197916 A1 EP0197916 A1 EP 0197916A1 EP 19860890072 EP19860890072 EP 19860890072 EP 86890072 A EP86890072 A EP 86890072A EP 0197916 A1 EP0197916 A1 EP 0197916A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- front wall
- press
- slide
- discharge device
- filling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
- B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses
- B30B15/304—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses by using feed frames or shoes with relative movement with regard to the mould or moulds
Definitions
- the invention relates to a loading and discharge device for a press, in particular a hydraulic column press, consisting of a filling box which is open at the top and bottom and is displaceably arranged on a wear plate, the wear plate being arranged at the same level as the top of the mantle of the pressing tool and the front wall of the filling slide serves to eject the compact.
- a hydraulic column press consisting of a filling box which is open at the top and bottom and is displaceably arranged on a wear plate, the wear plate being arranged at the same level as the top of the mantle of the pressing tool and the front wall of the filling slide serves to eject the compact.
- the object of the invention is to provide a loading and discharge device in which, in the case of the above piston, there is no damage to the front wall of the filling slide or the piston when it is ejected.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention is that the closure is a slide which is arranged vertically displaceably on the inside of the front wall. According to a further feature of the invention, the slide can be displaced vertically by a pneumatic, hydraulic or electromechanical device.
- FIG. 1 shows an elevation, partly in section, of the charging and discharging device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the charging and discharging device according to FIG. 1.
- Fig. 1, 1 denotes a filling slide in the form of a box, which is open at the top and bottom and is slidably arranged on a wear plate 2.
- a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 3 is provided for driving the filling slide 1 and is attached to the wear plate 2.
- the wear plate 2 is fastened to the casing 4 of a press mold by means of connecting parts (not shown), the upper side of the wear plate 2 being level with the upper edge of the casing 4.
- the front wall 5 of the fill slide directed towards the casing 4 is adapted to the shape of the compact 6.
- the front wall 5 of the filling slide 1 ends at a distance above the welding plate 2, so that an opening 7 is created.
- This opening 7 can be closed by a closure arranged on the inside of the front wall 5, which preferably consists of a slide 8.
- a closure arranged on the inside of the front wall 5, which preferably consists of a slide 8.
- At least one, preferably two, pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders 9 raise and lower the slide 8 and are fastened to the front wall 5.
- the slide 8 can also be actuated electromechanically.
- the casing 4, together with the loading and discharge device described above, can be displaced relative to the lower piston 10 of the press.
- the filling slide 1 is secured against lateral movements by a straight guide (not shown).
- the jacket 4 is raised and the filling material 11 is emptied, for example, from a silo into the filling slide 1, the opening 7 being closed by the slide 8.
- the filling slide 1 is then moved to the right by the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 3 until the box-shaped opening of the filling slide comes to rest over the jacket 4 and the filling material 11 is emptied into the jacket 4. This process can be repeated several times as needed. If the jacket 4 is sufficiently filled, the filling slide 1 is shifted to the left and the actual pressing process, combined with other treatments of the filling material 11 in the pressing chamber, such as supply of solutions, heat treatment, pressing, etc., is initiated.
- the jacket 4 is then lowered until the upper edge of the piston 10 protrudes beyond the edge of the jacket 4 and the compact 6 is exposed.
- the slide 8 of the fill slide 1 is now raised so that the opening 7 is released, whereupon the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 3 moves the filling slide 1 to the right and the front wall 5 moves the compact 6 onto a slide plate 12, from where it is used for further use.
- the distance between the lower edge of the front wall 5 and the lower edge of the open slide 8 to the upper edge of the casing 4 is selected so that neither the lower edge of the front wall 5 nor that of the slide 8 on the projecting piston 10 during the ejection movement of the filling slide 1 to the right streak.
- the slide 8 can be equipped with a fault monitor which blocks the actuation of the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 3 if a fault occurs in the slide 8 and the latter does not open. This fault monitoring can be done by light barriers, microswitches, proximity switches or the like. respectively.
- an actuatable flap can also be provided.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Beschickungs-und Austrageeinrichtung für eine Presse, insbesondere hydraulische Säulenpresse, bestehend aus einem oben und unten offenen Füllkasten, der auf einem Schleißblech verschiebbar angeordnet ist, wobei das Schleißblech niveaugleich zur Oberseite des Mantes des Preßwerkzeuges angeordnet ist und die Vorderwand des Füllschiebers zum Ausstoßen des Preßlings dient.The invention relates to a loading and discharge device for a press, in particular a hydraulic column press, consisting of a filling box which is open at the top and bottom and is displaceably arranged on a wear plate, the wear plate being arranged at the same level as the top of the mantle of the pressing tool and the front wall of the filling slide serves to eject the compact.
Bei Pressen mit derartigen Einrichtungen tritt das Problem auf, daß bei der Austragung der Rand des unteren Kolbens nicht exakt auf gleicher Höhe wie der Rand des Mantels der Presse zu stehen kommt- Steht der Kolben darunter, so bleibt ein Teil des Preßlings im Preßraum oder der Preßling wird beim Ausstoßen beschädigt. Steht der Kolben darüber, so stellt er ein Hindernis für die Vorderwand des Füllschiebers dar und es kommt zu Beschädigungen beider Teile.In presses with such devices, the problem arises that during the discharge the edge of the lower piston does not come to be at exactly the same height as the edge of the jacket of the press. If the piston is underneath, part of the compact remains in the press space or The compact is damaged when it is ejected. If the piston is above it, it is an obstacle to the front wall of the filling slide and both parts are damaged.
Durch die DE-OS 25 23 128 ist ein Füllschieber mit einer Druckplatte bekannt geworden, die eine Nut zur Aufnahme einer Wulst des Preßkolbens aufweist, wobei sich die Nut nicht über die gesamte Breite des Kolbens und nicht über die gesamte Länge der Druckplatte erstreckt. Deswegen muß der Kolben beim Füllvorgang nochmals abgesenkt werden, damit die Druckplatte nicht mit der Wulst kollidiert, wobei sich die Wulst bzw. die Nut nur über ca. 1/4 der Breite des Kolbens erstreckt. Hiebei erfolgt das Ausstoßen mit der Stirnfläche der Nase.From DE-OS 25 23 128 a filling slide with a pressure plate has become known which has a groove for receiving a bead of the plunger, the groove not extending over the entire width of the piston and not over the entire length of the pressure plate. Therefore, the piston must be lowered again during the filling process so that the pressure plate does not collide with the bead, the bead or groove only extending over approximately 1/4 of the width of the piston. It is ejected with the face of the nose.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung einer Beschickungs-und Austrageeinrichtung, bei welcher bei vorstehendem Kolben keine Beschädigung der Vorderwand des Füllschiebers oder des Kolbens beim Ausstoßen erfolgt.The object of the invention is to provide a loading and discharge device in which, in the case of the above piston, there is no damage to the front wall of the filling slide or the piston when it is ejected.
Dies wird bei einer Beschickungs-und Austrageeinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß die Unterkante der Vorderwand über die gesamte Breite des Kolbens des Preßwerkzeuges im Abstand zum Schleißblech verläuft, sodaß eine Öffnung entsteht, die durch einen entlang der Vorderwand höhenverstellbaren Verschluß verschließbar ist.This is achieved according to the invention in a loading and discharge device of the type mentioned at the outset in that the lower edge of the front wall extends over the entire width of the piston of the pressing tool at a distance from the wear plate, so that an opening is formed which can be closed by a closure which is height-adjustable along the front wall .
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, daß der Verschluß ein Schieber ist, der an der Innenseite der Vorderwand vertikal verschiebbar angeordnet ist. Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist der Schieber durch eine pneumatische, hydraulische oder elektromechanische Einrichtung vertikal verschiebbar.A preferred embodiment of the invention is that the closure is a slide which is arranged vertically displaceably on the inside of the front wall. According to a further feature of the invention, the slide can be displaced vertically by a pneumatic, hydraulic or electromechanical device.
Weitere Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Figuren beschrieben. Es zeigen Fig. 1 einen Aufriß der erfindungsgemäßen Beschickungs-und Austrageeinrichtung teilweise im Schnitt und Fig. 2 einen Grundriß der Beschickungs-und Austrageeinrichtung nach Fig. 1.Further features and details of the invention are described below with reference to the figures. 1 shows an elevation, partly in section, of the charging and discharging device according to the invention, and FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the charging and discharging device according to FIG. 1.
In Fig. 1 bezeichnet 1 einen Füllschieber in Form eines Kastens, der oben und unten offen ist und auf einem Schleißblech 2 verschiebbar angeordnet ist. Zum Antrieb des Füllschiebers 1 ist ein Pneumatik-oder Hydraulikzylinder 3 vorgesehen, der auf dem Schleißblech 2 befestigt ist. Das Schleißblech 2 ist am Mantel 4 einer Pressförm über Verbindungsteile (nicht dargestellt) befestigt, wobei die Oberseite des Schleißbleches 2 niveaugleich mit der Oberkante des Mantels 4 abschließt. Die zum Mantel 4 hin gerichtete Vorderwand 5 des Füllschiebers ist der Form des Preßlings 6 angepaßt. Die Vorderwand 5 des Füllschiebers 1 endet im Abstand oberhalb des Schteißblechs 2, sodaß eine Öffnung 7 entsteht. Diese Öffnung 7 kann durch einen an der Innenseite der Vorderwand 5 angeordneten Verschluß geschlossen werden, der vorzugsweise aus einem Schieber 8 besteht. Zumindest ein, vorzugsweise zwei, Pneumatik-oder Hydraulikzylinder 9 heben und senken den Schieber 8 und sind an der Vorderwand 5 befestigt. Der Schieber 8 kann aber auch elektromechanisch betätigt sein. Der Mantel 4 ist samt der zuvor beschriebenen Beschickungs-und Austrageeinrichtung relativ zum unteren Kolben 10 der Presse verschiebbar. Der Füllschieber 1 ist durch eine Geradführung (nicht dargestellt) gegen seitliche Bewegungen abgesichert.In Fig. 1, 1 denotes a filling slide in the form of a box, which is open at the top and bottom and is slidably arranged on a
Beim Füllvorgang wird der Mantel 4 angehoben und das Füllgut 11 z.B. von einem Silo in den Füllschieber 1 entleert, wobei die Öffnung 7 durch den Schieber 8 geschlossen ist. Der Füllschieber 1 wird anschließend durch den Pneumatik-oder Hydraulikzylinder 3 nach rechts verschoben, bis die kastenförmige Öffnung des Fülrschiebers über den Mantel 4 zu liegen kommt und das Füllgut 11 in den Mantel 4 entleert wird. Dieser Vorgang kann nach Bedarf mehrmals wiederholt werden. Ist der Mantel 4 ausreichend gefüllt, so wird der Füllschieber 1 nach links verschoben und der eigentliche Preßvorgang, verbunden mit sonstigen Behandlungen des Füllguts 11 im Preßraum, wie Zufuhr von Lösungen, Wärmebehandlung, Abpressen etc., wird eingeleitet. Danach wird der Mantel 4 abgesenkt, bis der obere Rand des Kolbens 10 über den Rand des Mantels 4 vorsteht und der Preßling 6 freiliegt. Der Schieber 8 des Füllschiebers 1 wird nun angehoben, sodaß die Öffnung 7 freigegeben wird, worauf der Pneumatik-oder Hydraulikzylinder 3 den Füllschieber 1 nach rechts verschiebt und die Vorderwand 5 den Preßling 6 auf ein Rutschblech 12 verschiebt, von wo aus er einer weiteren Verwendung zugeführt wird. Der Abstand der Unterkante der Vorderwand 5 bzw. der Unterkante des geöffneten Schiebers 8 zum oberen Rand des Mantels 4 ist hiebei so gewählt, daß bei der Ausstoßbewegung des Füllschiebers 1 nach rechts weder die Unterkante der Vorderwand 5 noch die des Schiebers 8 am vorstehenden Kolben 10 streifen. Nach dem Abschieben des Preßlings 6 wird der Mantel 4 wieder in die obere Ausgangslage gehoben, dann wird die Öffnung 7 durch den Schieber 8 verschlossen, worauf der Füllschieber 1 wieder in seine Ausgangsstellung nach links verschoben wird. Der Schieber 8 kann mit einer Störungsüberwachung ausgerüstet sein, welche die Betätigung des Pneumatik-oder Hydraulikzylinders 3 blockiert, wenn beim Schieber 8 eine Störung auftritt und dieser nicht öffnet. Diese Störüberwachung kann durch Lichtschranken, Mikroschalter, Annäherungsschalter od.dgl. erfolgen. Anstelle des Schiebers 8 kann auch eine betätigbare Klappe vorgesehen sein.During the filling process, the
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0096285A AT382556B (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | FEEDING AND DISCHARGE DEVICE FOR A PRESS, IN PARTICULAR HYDRAULIC PILLAR PRESS |
AT962/85 | 1985-04-01 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0197916A1 true EP0197916A1 (en) | 1986-10-15 |
EP0197916B1 EP0197916B1 (en) | 1988-09-28 |
Family
ID=3503821
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19860890072 Expired EP0197916B1 (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-20 | Feeding and removing device for a press, in particular a hydraulic column press |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0197916B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT382556B (en) |
DE (1) | DE3660795D1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI861244A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0392593A2 (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1990-10-17 | Iberditan, S.L. | System for automatic correction of the pressing density in the manufacture of tiles |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3887685A (en) * | 1972-08-03 | 1975-06-03 | Von Roll Ag | Automatic feed block molding press for granular materials |
US3942923A (en) * | 1974-04-15 | 1976-03-09 | Binion Travis W | Slipform with adjustable hopper and trowel means |
EP0024237A2 (en) * | 1979-08-09 | 1981-02-25 | So.De.Em Societe D'exploitation Des Etablissements Minato | Moulding press for concrete products comprising a concrete feed system |
-
1985
- 1985-04-01 AT AT0096285A patent/AT382556B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1986
- 1986-03-20 DE DE8686890072T patent/DE3660795D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-03-20 EP EP19860890072 patent/EP0197916B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-03-24 FI FI861244A patent/FI861244A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3887685A (en) * | 1972-08-03 | 1975-06-03 | Von Roll Ag | Automatic feed block molding press for granular materials |
US3942923A (en) * | 1974-04-15 | 1976-03-09 | Binion Travis W | Slipform with adjustable hopper and trowel means |
EP0024237A2 (en) * | 1979-08-09 | 1981-02-25 | So.De.Em Societe D'exploitation Des Etablissements Minato | Moulding press for concrete products comprising a concrete feed system |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0392593A2 (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1990-10-17 | Iberditan, S.L. | System for automatic correction of the pressing density in the manufacture of tiles |
EP0392593A3 (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1991-09-18 | Iberditan, S.L. | System for automatic correction of the pressing density in the manufacture of tiles |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATA96285A (en) | 1986-08-15 |
AT382556B (en) | 1987-03-10 |
DE3660795D1 (en) | 1988-11-03 |
FI861244A (en) | 1986-10-02 |
FI861244A0 (en) | 1986-03-24 |
EP0197916B1 (en) | 1988-09-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0679503B1 (en) | Method of making moulded articles from particulate material as well as corresponding press | |
EP0388721A2 (en) | Press with tool frame insertable into the press | |
DE3043821A1 (en) | PLATE FILTER PRESS WITH A CLEANING CARRIAGE | |
DE2344698C2 (en) | Device for compacting garbage | |
DE2336835A1 (en) | PRESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BLOCKS, IN PARTICULAR BLOCK ELECTRODES | |
DE10251516B4 (en) | baler | |
DE3203787A1 (en) | WORKPIECE EJECTOR | |
DE102005027296B3 (en) | Press for making shaped products from powder, especially metal powder, comprises a series of rams and molds arranged one above the other, at least one mold carrying the ram for an adjacent mold | |
EP0197916B1 (en) | Feeding and removing device for a press, in particular a hydraulic column press | |
CH666223A5 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FILLING A FLOATING PAD VALVE OF A MOLDING PRESS WITH A PRESSING MASS. | |
EP0266625B1 (en) | Upper tool holder for a punch or the like | |
DE1232517B (en) | Device for loading refuse collection containers | |
DE2705607B2 (en) | Vertical die casting machine | |
DE3425392C2 (en) | ||
EP0533021A2 (en) | Compacting press and method for its operation | |
DE1190643B (en) | Multi-part blow mold for the production of hollow bodies from thermoplastics | |
DE2849145A1 (en) | Bottle crate injection mould - with mould jaws guided between moving and fixed mould halves | |
DE2917116C2 (en) | ||
DE69901983T2 (en) | Bending and cutting device | |
DE2630355B2 (en) | Press tool for producing ceramic moldings from powdery mass | |
DE3781810T2 (en) | DEVICE FOR CHANGING TOOLS IN MACHINE TOOLS. | |
DE2523383A1 (en) | SAND SHOOTING MACHINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FOUNDRY SHAPES, CORES OR DGL. | |
DE9315621U1 (en) | Machine for centrifugal forming of low-melting metals or plastic materials | |
EP0363621A1 (en) | Press for compacting elongate radioactive components and method for operating same | |
DE2240674C3 (en) | Press for making ceramic objects |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19870122 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19871008 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3660795 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19881103 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19900215 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19900217 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19900219 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19900220 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19900223 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19900228 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
ITTA | It: last paid annual fee | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19900331 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19910320 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19910321 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19910331 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19910331 Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19910331 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: SIMMERING-GRAZ-PAUKER A.G. Effective date: 19910331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Effective date: 19911001 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19911129 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19920101 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 86890072.1 Effective date: 19911009 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050320 |