EP0197563B1 - Tool for unitary removal of engine cylinder liner, piston and rod - Google Patents
Tool for unitary removal of engine cylinder liner, piston and rod Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0197563B1 EP0197563B1 EP86105082A EP86105082A EP0197563B1 EP 0197563 B1 EP0197563 B1 EP 0197563B1 EP 86105082 A EP86105082 A EP 86105082A EP 86105082 A EP86105082 A EP 86105082A EP 0197563 B1 EP0197563 B1 EP 0197563B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- mandrel
- liner
- piston
- driver
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F7/0043—Arrangements of mechanical drive elements
- F02F7/0046—Shape of casings adapted to facilitate fitting or dismantling of engine parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
- B25B27/06—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting or withdrawing sleeves or bearing races
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B9/00—Hand-held gripping tools other than those covered by group B25B7/00
Definitions
- the invention relates to removal of a cylinder liner, piston, ring and rod from an engine, and more particularly the invention relates to a method of removing such engine components as a unit.
- a liner without air inlet ports therethrough has commonly been removed by inserting a tool down into the bore which may then be adjusted to grasp the end face of the liner. The liner is then pulled from the block by applying sufficient force on the tool to overcome any interference fit.
- a disadvantage of this practice is that the piston must first be removed through the top of the associated cylinder liner so that the tool may be inserted in the liner. Performing these individual steps is inconvenient and time consuming, particularly where the carbon build-up or wear step is pronounced and must first be removed by filing in order to the slide the piston out of the bore.
- GB-A-503261 discloses the removal of liner, piston and connecting rod together.
- a tool which has a rod with two ends. Each of the ends are positioned in opposite ports in the liner, and the engine rotated to urge the associated piston against the rod for dislocating the liner. This practice is described in US-A-3805359.
- US-A-3945104 shows another such tool comprising a mandrel, a driver, a cap and means for applying a force on the driver.
- An impact device is slidable on the tool to strike an anvil and break the liner loose.
- the tool is inserted in the bore of the cylinder liner.
- a force is applied on the tool, whereby the tool and the liner are moved relative to the engine block.
- the cylinder liner and the piston are removed from the engine block as a unit. It will be noted, however, that this type of removal practice still requires separate steps to remove the piston and rod.
- US-A-3786551 discloses apparatus for use in removing pistons in disc brake assemblies, the apparatus comprising a threaded rod with a grommet at one end disposed between a fixed abutment and a movable abutment. In response to a force applied to the movable abutment, the grommet expands radially frictionally to engage the piston.
- the method includes -inserting" a tool in the bore of the liner, expanding the tool against the liner and establishing frictional contact between the tool and liner.
- the method further includes applying a force on the tool and moving the tool with the liner relative to the engine block, establishing at least a partial vacuum in the liner above the piston, and then removing as a unit the liner with the piston, ring and rod.
- the method includes inserting a tool having a driver and mandrel in the bore of the cylinder liner and moving the piston against and urging the driver into an aperture of the mandrel.
- the method further includes applying a force on the mandrel in the direction of piston travel and diametrically expanding the mandrel into frictional engagement with the liner in response to the driver being urged into the mandrel, and moving the tool with the liner relative to the engine block. At least a partial vacuum is established in the liner above the piston, and the liner together with the associated piston, ring and rod are removed as a unit.
- the present invention is directed to a tool for use in a method overcoming one or more of the above problems.
- a tool for inserting into and frictionally engaging a cylinder liner for removal of the cylinder liner from an engine block in response to a force applied on the tool comprising: a mandrel having a circumferential wall, first and second ends and a plurality of slots, the circumferential wall having an outer surface defining the diameter of the mandrel ; a driver having a base, a body portion, and an opening extending therethrough, the base extending across the first end of the mandrel when the driver is inserted in the mandrel ; a cap having an opening therethrough ; means for applying a force on the driver for moving the driver to a preselected first position in the aperture of the mandrel, the means including a threaded rod positionable through the aperture and the openings in the cap and driver, and characterised by : the circumferential wall of the mandrel having a tapered inner surface defining an aperture opening on the first end and being divided into segments by the slots, the
- the cylinder liner, piston and other associated components are removed as a unit to simplify engine repair work. Removal as a unit obviates separate operations which involve first removing the piston through the liner and then insertion of a tool to grab the underside of the liner in order to pull the liner out of the block.
- FIG. 1 a portion of an internal combustion engine 10 is disclosed to illustrate a " cylinder a of the engine.
- the engine has a block 14 in an opening of which is located a cylinder liner 16 forming a cylinder bore 18 of the engine.
- the outer surface 19 of the cylinder liner is sized for a « pilot fit with the block opening and has O-rings 20 positioned in grooves on a lower portion of its outer surface. When the liner is fitted to the block, the O-rings establish an interference fit on the lower step 24 of the block.
- a piston 26 having a top surface 27 and with rings 28 retained in grooves on its outer surface is postioned in the cylinder bore 18.
- the piston pivotally connects to a rod 32 by conventional means which includes a wrist pin 34.
- the rod is connected to a crankshaft 37 by use of a rod cap 38.
- the engine head (not shown) fits over the top surface 35 of the block 14.
- a tool 12 which may be employed to remove a cylinder liner, piston with one or more rings, and rod in their assembled or operational relationship is shown.
- the tool is diametrically adjustable such that it can be inserted into the cylinder bore 18 even where a carbon build-up or wear step is present on the liner 16.
- the tool has two parts 40 which may be described as single-tapered collets with slots 42 such as are often used to make chucks for holding workpieces during machining operations.
- the parts are constructed of metal with the slots filled or sealed with an elastomeric or plastic material identified by reference numeral 44.
- Two tapered arbors 46 are receivable in tapered openings 47 in the parts 40.
- the arbors are of metal construction and each may be slotted to receive a key for engagement with a slot in its respective part.
- a bolt 48 is positionable through openings in the parts and arbors.
- One of the arbors is counterbored to receive the bolt head (see Figs. 1 and 2).
- the bolt is also positionable through openings in a spacer 50 and oversized washer 52 and is at one end threadably engageable with a nut 54. It will be seen that when the tool is assembled and the nut is turned relative to the bolt, the tapered arbors will be urged further into their respective tapered openings causing the parts to expand diametrically.
- the tool 12 of Figs. 3 and 4 is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 to, as later described, illustrate removal from the engine 10 of a unit 58 defined to include the cylinder liner 16, piston 26, rings 28 and rod 32 assembled together in their operational relationship.
- FIG. 5 Another embodiment of tool 12 is shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
- That tool has a mandrel 60 with a circumferential wall 62.
- the circumferential wall 62 has an outer surface 64 defining a diameter of the mandrel and an inner surface 66, at least partly tapered, defining an aperture 68.
- the aperture is shown opening on first and second ends 69, 70 of the mandrel.
- the mandrel also has a plurality of slots 72 dividing the circumferential wall into segments 74 such that diametrical expansion of the mandrel tends to occur in response to forces exerted on the inner surface.
- the slots preferably are symmetrically located and extend substantially the length of the mandrel so expansion will be essentially uniform.
- the mandrel also desirably has its outer surface and second end covered with a flexible, preferably elastomeric, cover 76.
- a cap 78 having an opening 80 therethrough is also positionable on the second end of the man
- the tool 12 further has a driver 82 which has a base 84 and a body portion 86 with tapered walls 88.
- the tapered walls extend from the base and define a frusto-conical shape.
- the body portion is insertable into the aperture 68 from the first end 69 of the mandrel 60.
- the driver also has an opening 90 therethrough which is at least partly threaded.
- the base of the driver extends across the first end of the mandrel when the body portion is positioned in the mandrel.
- Means 94 is provided for applying a force on the driver 82 for moving the driver, once inserted into the mandrel 60, to a preselected position in the aperture 68 at which the body portion 86 urges against.
- the tool 12 of Figs. 3 and 4 is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 to, as later described, illustrate removal from the inner surface 66 tending to enlarge the diameter of the mandrel.
- the means includes a threaded rod 96 with a nut 98 and a threaded portion 100 which engages with the threaded portion of opening 90 of the driver so that the driver may be pulled , into position in the mandrel by progressively tightening the nut against the cap.
- the body portion is movable to succeeding positions in the aperture because the tapered wall of the body portion will slide along the tapered inner surface 66 defining the aperture when sufficient force is applied to the driver. At each succeeding position the tapered walls of the body portion will increasingly forcibly urge against the inner surface tending to define a larger diameter of the mandrel.
- a tool 12 such as illustrated is inserted into the cylinder bore 18 and expanded against the inner walls of the cylinder liner 16 (Fig. 1). Expansion establishes a frictional fit or contact between the cylinder liner and the outer surface of the tool.
- the bolt 48 is adjusted to establish frictional forces between the tool and liner greater than those of the fit of the liner in the bore 18.
- the tool of Fig. 5 also facilitates this practice by adjustment of the nut 98.
- Uniform diametrical expansion and metal- rubber construction, characteristics of the illustrated tools substantially eliminate damage to the liner.
- a force is subsequently applied on the tool in a longitudinal or axial direction relative to the liner. Because of the frictional fit of the tool with the liner, sufficient force on the tool « breaks .. the interference fit and the liner will move with the tool from its position in the engine block 14 (Fig. 2). The liner is thus removable from the block.
- Sufficient force for removal may be applied to the tool 12 by moving the piston 26 in the bore 18 and engaging the piston with and urging it against the bottom of the tool.
- the piston is moved by rotating the crankshaft 37 with, for example, an engine turning tool which engages the flywheel in much the same fashion as the engine starter pinion.
- the force on the tool 12 may also be applied on the top of either of the described tools such as by positioning a bar across and spaced from the top of the tool.
- the bar for example, may be supported by spacers resting on the top surface 35 of the block 14.
- a rod passes through an opening in the bar with one end attached to the tool and the other end threadably engaged by a nut.
- the nut may be adjusted working against the bar to raise the rod thereby applying a lifting force to the tool.
- the threaded rod 96 passes through the bar.
- An additional nut is tightened against the cap 78 to hold the threaded portion in place in the driver while nut 98 is adjusted to provide the lifting force.
- Other devices may also be used.
- the tool 12 of Figs. 5 and 6 also facilitates removing the unit 58 by using movement of the piston 26 to provide both the force for removal and the force for expansion of the tool.
- the mandrel 60 need only be held against movement in the cylinder liner 16 with sufficient force to resist the tendency of the mandrel to slide in the liner as the piston initially moves against the driver. This force may be established, for example, by use of the threaded rod 96 and nut 98 to diametrically expand the mandrel to a preselected frictional engagement with the liner.
- movement of the tool 12 and liner 16 by the piston 26 or other device applying the force need be only that sufficient to break the interference fit of the O-rings 20. In other engine configurations more tool-liner movement may be desirable or necessary depending upon the nature of the interference fit of the liner and engine block 14.
- At least a partial vacuum is to be established in the liner 16 above the top surface 27 of the piston 26 to maintain the unit 58 intact for and during removal.
- the tool 12 may be used throughout removal as an air-tight covering with the vacuum being established in the liner between the tool and piston.
- expanding the tools shown also establishes an air-tight fit or contact between the tool and liner to facilitate forming the vacuum.
- the tool may be removed to be used on other cylinders or engines with a cap being put in place on the top of the liner to act as the air-tight covering.
- the cap for example, may be a plastic plug which simply fits snugly into the bore 18 and « seals against the liner's inner surface. The vacuum is established between the plug and the piston.
- conditions for generating sufficient vacuum may be established by having the piston 26 in contact or closely adjacent the tool 12 or cap prior to lifting the liner from the block 14 (See Fig. 2).
- the vacuum is established from the tendency of the piston to move downwardly when the liner is lifted with the piston, rings 28 and interconnected rod 32 unsupported.
- the crankshaft 37 is rotated and position the piston 26 at a desired travel point in the cylinder bore 18 to facilitate positioning the tool and completing the removal process.
- the tool 12 is inserted into the bore preferably far enough such that it will not be over the carbon build-up or wear step.
- the piston be positioned such that, at the time of lifting the liner from the block, it will be adjacent or in contact with the tool 12, or cap if used, to facilitate establishing the vacuum.
- its initial position is preferably on the upstroke such that it will be adjacent or in contact with the tool. This minimizes the resistance to piston movement from air trapped by the tool in bore 18 which must leak past the rings.
- One practice which works well is to insert the tool in the cylinder bore 18 and rest it on the piston. For the tool of Fig. 3, the bottom part 40 would rest on the piston, while for the tool of Fig.
- the base 84 of the driver 82 would rest thereon. This permits one to simply rotate the crankshaft 34 to move the piston and tool to desired positions prior to diametrically expanding the tool, if necessary, and then to expand the tool in contact with the piston to facilitate the removal process.
- the tool 12 is « expanded » to establish the frictional fit.
- the air-tight fit is simultaneously established without additional « sealing such that the tool may be satisfactorily used during the entire removal process. It may be necessary for sufficient vacuum, however, to use an O-ring at the head of the bolt 48 in the tool of Fig. 3, or to otherwise prevent air flow along the bolt.
- the bolt head being recessed in the counterbore of the arbor 46 eliminates piston damage from the bolt head 26 and holds the bolt from movement during tool expansion.
- the arbors 46 being keyed to their respective parts 40 prevents relative movement therebetween.
- the elastomeric cover 76 performs the function of sealing to establish the vacuum.
- the cylinder liner 16 is next unseated to break the interference fit by applying sufficient force to the tool 12 as previously explained. If desired, the tool may then be removed and used to unseat the next liner on the engine for which a piston 26 is in proper position. A cap is fitted in the freed liner so that the vacuum may be established for completing removal. Otherwise, the tool is maintained in place. Next, the rod cap 38 is removed and the liner or tool where present grasped to pull the liner free of the block 14.
- the oversized washer 52 shown with the tool of Fig. 3 or the eye portion of the tool of Fig. 5, for example, is a convenient point at which to connect the tool being used to an overhead device if needed for lifting purposes. With the partial vacuum, the piston 26, rings 28 and rod 32 will, without being supported, move free of the engine 10 together with the liner for removal as the unit 58.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
Description
- The invention relates to removal of a cylinder liner, piston, ring and rod from an engine, and more particularly the invention relates to a method of removing such engine components as a unit.
- Internal combustion engines commonly utilize cylinder liners to define the bores in which the pistons reciprocate. During operation of the engine, the combustion process results in a carbon build-up or wear step near the top of the point of piston travel in the liner. This and other types of wear usually necessitate replacement of the cylinder liners and pistons after a period of time.
- Removal of the liners, however, is complicated by an interference fit between the liners and the block. The interference fit is established, for example, by O-rings about the liners and it generally increases because of the high temperatures and other conditions of engine use. Heretofore, a liner without air inlet ports therethrough has commonly been removed by inserting a tool down into the bore which may then be adjusted to grasp the end face of the liner. The liner is then pulled from the block by applying sufficient force on the tool to overcome any interference fit.
- A disadvantage of this practice is that the piston must first be removed through the top of the associated cylinder liner so that the tool may be inserted in the liner. Performing these individual steps is inconvenient and time consuming, particularly where the carbon build-up or wear step is pronounced and must first be removed by filing in order to the slide the piston out of the bore.
- GB-A-503261 discloses the removal of liner, piston and connecting rod together. In two cycle engines where the liners have an inlet port, it is known to insert into the liner a tool which has a rod with two ends. Each of the ends are positioned in opposite ports in the liner, and the engine rotated to urge the associated piston against the rod for dislocating the liner. This practice is described in US-A-3805359.
- US-A-3945104 shows another such tool comprising a mandrel, a driver, a cap and means for applying a force on the driver. An impact device is slidable on the tool to strike an anvil and break the liner loose. The tool is inserted in the bore of the cylinder liner. A force is applied on the tool, whereby the tool and the liner are moved relative to the engine block. The cylinder liner and the piston are removed from the engine block as a unit. It will be noted, however, that this type of removal practice still requires separate steps to remove the piston and rod.
- US-A-3786551 discloses apparatus for use in removing pistons in disc brake assemblies, the apparatus comprising a threaded rod with a grommet at one end disposed between a fixed abutment and a movable abutment. In response to a force applied to the movable abutment, the grommet expands radially frictionally to engage the piston.
- In our EP-B-0140894 we disclose a method for removing a cylinder liner, piston, ring and rod as a unit from an engine block. The method includes -inserting" a tool in the bore of the liner, expanding the tool against the liner and establishing frictional contact between the tool and liner. The method further includes applying a force on the tool and moving the tool with the liner relative to the engine block, establishing at least a partial vacuum in the liner above the piston, and then removing as a unit the liner with the piston, ring and rod.
- In another aspect of that invention, the method includes inserting a tool having a driver and mandrel in the bore of the cylinder liner and moving the piston against and urging the driver into an aperture of the mandrel. The method further includes applying a force on the mandrel in the direction of piston travel and diametrically expanding the mandrel into frictional engagement with the liner in response to the driver being urged into the mandrel, and moving the tool with the liner relative to the engine block. At least a partial vacuum is established in the liner above the piston, and the liner together with the associated piston, ring and rod are removed as a unit.
- The present invention is directed to a tool for use in a method overcoming one or more of the above problems.
- According to the present invention there is provided a tool for inserting into and frictionally engaging a cylinder liner for removal of the cylinder liner from an engine block in response to a force applied on the tool, comprising: a mandrel having a circumferential wall, first and second ends and a plurality of slots, the circumferential wall having an outer surface defining the diameter of the mandrel ; a driver having a base, a body portion, and an opening extending therethrough, the base extending across the first end of the mandrel when the driver is inserted in the mandrel ; a cap having an opening therethrough ; means for applying a force on the driver for moving the driver to a preselected first position in the aperture of the mandrel, the means including a threaded rod positionable through the aperture and the openings in the cap and driver, and characterised by : the circumferential wall of the mandrel having a tapered inner surface defining an aperture opening on the first end and being divided into segments by the slots, the segments being connected by flexible means; the body portion of the driver having tapered walls extending from the base and being insertable into the aperture and movable to succeeding positions at which the tapered walls increasingly forcibly urge against the tapered inner surface of the mandrel and the outer surface defines a correspondingly larger diameter ; and the cap being positionable on the second end of the mandrel.
- The cylinder liner, piston and other associated components are removed as a unit to simplify engine repair work. Removal as a unit obviates separate operations which involve first removing the piston through the liner and then insertion of a tool to grab the underside of the liner in order to pull the liner out of the block.
- In the drawings :
- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a portion of an engine, and a tool according to the present invention ;
- Figure 2 is similar to Figure 1, but illustrates an intermediate step during the disclosed method ;
- Figure 3 illustrates in detail the tool shown in Figure 1 ;
- Figure 4 is a view in cross-section of one portion of the tool of Figure 3 taken along line IV-IV of Figure 3 ;
- Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view of a further tool according to the present invention ; and
- Figure 6 is a diagrammatic end view in partial section of the tool of Figure 5.
- Referring to Figure 1, a portion of an
internal combustion engine 10 is disclosed to illustrate a " cylinder a of the engine. Disregarding for the moment thetool 12, the engine has ablock 14 in an opening of which is located acylinder liner 16 forming acylinder bore 18 of the engine. Theouter surface 19 of the cylinder liner is sized for a « pilot fit with the block opening and has O-rings 20 positioned in grooves on a lower portion of its outer surface. When the liner is fitted to the block, the O-rings establish an interference fit on thelower step 24 of the block. - A
piston 26 having atop surface 27 and withrings 28 retained in grooves on its outer surface is postioned in thecylinder bore 18. The piston pivotally connects to arod 32 by conventional means which includes awrist pin 34. The rod is connected to acrankshaft 37 by use of arod cap 38. The engine head (not shown) fits over thetop surface 35 of theblock 14. The construction and operation of such engines are understood in the art and will not be further explained. - Referring now particularly to Figs. 3 and 4, an embodiment of a
tool 12 which may be employed to remove a cylinder liner, piston with one or more rings, and rod in their assembled or operational relationship is shown. The tool is diametrically adjustable such that it can be inserted into the cylinder bore 18 even where a carbon build-up or wear step is present on theliner 16. The tool has twoparts 40 which may be described as single-tapered collets withslots 42 such as are often used to make chucks for holding workpieces during machining operations. The parts are constructed of metal with the slots filled or sealed with an elastomeric or plastic material identified byreference numeral 44. Twotapered arbors 46 are receivable intapered openings 47 in theparts 40. The arbors are of metal construction and each may be slotted to receive a key for engagement with a slot in its respective part. Abolt 48 is positionable through openings in the parts and arbors. One of the arbors is counterbored to receive the bolt head (see Figs. 1 and 2). The bolt is also positionable through openings in aspacer 50 andoversized washer 52 and is at one end threadably engageable with anut 54. It will be seen that when the tool is assembled and the nut is turned relative to the bolt, the tapered arbors will be urged further into their respective tapered openings causing the parts to expand diametrically. - The
tool 12 of Figs. 3 and 4 is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 to, as later described, illustrate removal from theengine 10 of aunit 58 defined to include thecylinder liner 16,piston 26,rings 28 androd 32 assembled together in their operational relationship. - Another embodiment of
tool 12 is shown in Figs. 5 and 6. That tool has amandrel 60 with acircumferential wall 62. Thecircumferential wall 62 has anouter surface 64 defining a diameter of the mandrel and aninner surface 66, at least partly tapered, defining anaperture 68. The aperture is shown opening on first andsecond ends 69, 70 of the mandrel. The mandrel also has a plurality ofslots 72 dividing the circumferential wall intosegments 74 such that diametrical expansion of the mandrel tends to occur in response to forces exerted on the inner surface. The slots preferably are symmetrically located and extend substantially the length of the mandrel so expansion will be essentially uniform. The mandrel also desirably has its outer surface and second end covered with a flexible, preferably elastomeric,cover 76. A cap 78 having an opening 80 therethrough is also positionable on the second end of the mandrel. - The
tool 12 further has adriver 82 which has abase 84 and abody portion 86 with taperedwalls 88. The tapered walls extend from the base and define a frusto-conical shape. The body portion is insertable into theaperture 68 from thefirst end 69 of themandrel 60. The driver also has an opening 90 therethrough which is at least partly threaded. The base of the driver extends across the first end of the mandrel when the body portion is positioned in the mandrel. -
Means 94 is provided for applying a force on thedriver 82 for moving the driver, once inserted into themandrel 60, to a preselected position in theaperture 68 at which thebody portion 86 urges against. - The
tool 12 of Figs. 3 and 4 is shown in Figs. 1 and 2 to, as later described, illustrate removal from theinner surface 66 tending to enlarge the diameter of the mandrel. The means includes a threadedrod 96 with anut 98 and a threadedportion 100 which engages with the threaded portion of opening 90 of the driver so that the driver may be pulled , into position in the mandrel by progressively tightening the nut against the cap. It will be seen that the body portion is movable to succeeding positions in the aperture because the tapered wall of the body portion will slide along the taperedinner surface 66 defining the aperture when sufficient force is applied to the driver. At each succeeding position the tapered walls of the body portion will increasingly forcibly urge against the inner surface tending to define a larger diameter of the mandrel. - A
tool 12 such as illustrated is inserted into the cylinder bore 18 and expanded against the inner walls of the cylinder liner 16 (Fig. 1). Expansion establishes a frictional fit or contact between the cylinder liner and the outer surface of the tool. For example, with the tool of Figs. 3 and 4, thebolt 48 is adjusted to establish frictional forces between the tool and liner greater than those of the fit of the liner in thebore 18. The tool of Fig. 5 also facilitates this practice by adjustment of thenut 98. Uniform diametrical expansion and metal- rubber construction, characteristics of the illustrated tools, substantially eliminate damage to the liner. A force is subsequently applied on the tool in a longitudinal or axial direction relative to the liner. Because of the frictional fit of the tool with the liner, sufficient force on the tool « breaks .. the interference fit and the liner will move with the tool from its position in the engine block 14 (Fig. 2). The liner is thus removable from the block. - Sufficient force for removal may be applied to the
tool 12 by moving thepiston 26 in thebore 18 and engaging the piston with and urging it against the bottom of the tool. The piston is moved by rotating thecrankshaft 37 with, for example, an engine turning tool which engages the flywheel in much the same fashion as the engine starter pinion. The force on thetool 12 may also be applied on the top of either of the described tools such as by positioning a bar across and spaced from the top of the tool. The bar, for example, may be supported by spacers resting on thetop surface 35 of theblock 14. For the tool of Fig. 3, a rod passes through an opening in the bar with one end attached to the tool and the other end threadably engaged by a nut. The nut may be adjusted working against the bar to raise the rod thereby applying a lifting force to the tool. For the tool of Fig. 5, the threadedrod 96 passes through the bar. An additional nut is tightened against the cap 78 to hold the threaded portion in place in the driver whilenut 98 is adjusted to provide the lifting force. Other devices may also be used. - The
tool 12 of Figs. 5 and 6 also facilitates removing theunit 58 by using movement of thepiston 26 to provide both the force for removal and the force for expansion of the tool. At the outset, themandrel 60 need only be held against movement in thecylinder liner 16 with sufficient force to resist the tendency of the mandrel to slide in the liner as the piston initially moves against the driver. This force may be established, for example, by use of the threadedrod 96 andnut 98 to diametrically expand the mandrel to a preselected frictional engagement with the liner. Thereafter, further piston movement progressively urges the driver into the mandrel to succeeding positions, and the mandrel is expanded diametrically thereby increasing the frictional force holding the tool in the liner. Simultaneously, a force is also increasingly exerted on the tool in the direction of piston travel until the liner breaks loose in thebore 18. For the above purpose, it is expected that the relative tapering configurations and other aspects of the mandrel and driver can be established by one skilled in the art. Normally, the base 84 against which the piston urges should be as large as possible to spread out the forces applied. - For the
engine 10 shown, movement of thetool 12 andliner 16 by thepiston 26 or other device applying the force need be only that sufficient to break the interference fit of the O-rings 20. In other engine configurations more tool-liner movement may be desirable or necessary depending upon the nature of the interference fit of the liner andengine block 14. - At least a partial vacuum is to be established in the
liner 16 above thetop surface 27 of thepiston 26 to maintain theunit 58 intact for and during removal. Thetool 12 may be used throughout removal as an air-tight covering with the vacuum being established in the liner between the tool and piston. As an example, expanding the tools shown also establishes an air-tight fit or contact between the tool and liner to facilitate forming the vacuum. Alternately, the tool may be removed to be used on other cylinders or engines with a cap being put in place on the top of the liner to act as the air-tight covering. The cap, for example, may be a plastic plug which simply fits snugly into thebore 18 and « seals against the liner's inner surface. The vacuum is established between the plug and the piston. - Experience has shown that conditions for generating sufficient vacuum may be established by having the
piston 26 in contact or closely adjacent thetool 12 or cap prior to lifting the liner from the block 14 (See Fig. 2). The vacuum is established from the tendency of the piston to move downwardly when the liner is lifted with the piston, rings 28 andinterconnected rod 32 unsupported. - It should be understood that the disclosed method may be practiced with additional steps, and that the order of steps may be varied as evident from the discussion herein, without departing from the invention.
- It is believed removal of the
unit 58 from theengine block 14 is sufficiently clear from the above. However, a brief discussion follows so that one may more fully appreciate the advantages of servicing an engine in the disclosed manner. - Initially, with the head of the
engine 10 removed, it is desirable and may even be necessary to rotate thecrankshaft 37 and position thepiston 26 at a desired travel point in the cylinder bore 18 to facilitate positioning the tool and completing the removal process. Thetool 12 is inserted into the bore preferably far enough such that it will not be over the carbon build-up or wear step. - Experience will indicate the desired initial position of the piston for a particular engine and tool. It is suggested that the piston be positioned such that, at the time of lifting the liner from the block, it will be adjacent or in contact with the
tool 12, or cap if used, to facilitate establishing the vacuum. Where thepiston 26 is to be used to move thetool 12 andliner 16, its initial position is preferably on the upstroke such that it will be adjacent or in contact with the tool. This minimizes the resistance to piston movement from air trapped by the tool inbore 18 which must leak past the rings. One practice which works well is to insert the tool in the cylinder bore 18 and rest it on the piston. For the tool of Fig. 3, thebottom part 40 would rest on the piston, while for the tool of Fig. 5, thebase 84 of thedriver 82 would rest thereon. This permits one to simply rotate thecrankshaft 34 to move the piston and tool to desired positions prior to diametrically expanding the tool, if necessary, and then to expand the tool in contact with the piston to facilitate the removal process. - The
tool 12 is « expanded » to establish the frictional fit. The air-tight fit is simultaneously established without additional « sealing such that the tool may be satisfactorily used during the entire removal process. It may be necessary for sufficient vacuum, however, to use an O-ring at the head of thebolt 48 in the tool of Fig. 3, or to otherwise prevent air flow along the bolt. It will be noted that the bolt head being recessed in the counterbore of thearbor 46 eliminates piston damage from thebolt head 26 and holds the bolt from movement during tool expansion. Also, thearbors 46 being keyed to theirrespective parts 40 prevents relative movement therebetween. In the tool of Fig. 5, theelastomeric cover 76 performs the function of sealing to establish the vacuum. - The
cylinder liner 16 is next unseated to break the interference fit by applying sufficient force to thetool 12 as previously explained. If desired, the tool may then be removed and used to unseat the next liner on the engine for which apiston 26 is in proper position. A cap is fitted in the freed liner so that the vacuum may be established for completing removal. Otherwise, the tool is maintained in place. Next, therod cap 38 is removed and the liner or tool where present grasped to pull the liner free of theblock 14. Theoversized washer 52 shown with the tool of Fig. 3 or the eye portion of the tool of Fig. 5, for example, is a convenient point at which to connect the tool being used to an overhead device if needed for lifting purposes. With the partial vacuum, thepiston 26, rings 28 androd 32 will, without being supported, move free of theengine 10 together with the liner for removal as theunit 58.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US49094283A | 1983-05-02 | 1983-05-02 | |
US490942 | 1983-05-02 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83903719.9 Division | 1984-11-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0197563A1 EP0197563A1 (en) | 1986-10-15 |
EP0197563B1 true EP0197563B1 (en) | 1989-08-09 |
Family
ID=23950161
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83903719A Expired EP0140894B1 (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1983-10-24 | Unitary removal of engine cylinder liner, piston and rod |
EP86105082A Expired EP0197563B1 (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1983-10-24 | Tool for unitary removal of engine cylinder liner, piston and rod |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83903719A Expired EP0140894B1 (en) | 1983-05-02 | 1983-10-24 | Unitary removal of engine cylinder liner, piston and rod |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP0140894B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS60501199A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3373007D1 (en) |
MY (2) | MY101662A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1984004358A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4594760A (en) * | 1985-03-18 | 1986-06-17 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Apparatus for and method of packaging and inserting an engine cylinder assembly into an engine block |
DE3803890C1 (en) * | 1988-02-09 | 1988-09-22 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Piston engine with wet cylinder liners |
AT880U1 (en) * | 1995-09-07 | 1996-07-25 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | DEVICE FOR ASSEMBLING AND DISASSEMBLING PISTON, CONNECTING ROD AND CYLINDER BUSHING OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
US10486274B2 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2019-11-26 | The Boeing Company | Tapered extraction device |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB503261A (en) * | 1936-12-22 | 1939-04-04 | Werkspoor Nv | Improvements in and relating to high speed internal combustion engines |
US2469651A (en) * | 1945-11-15 | 1949-05-10 | Baldwin Locomotive Works | Opposed piston engine construction with removable cylinders |
US2435837A (en) * | 1946-11-08 | 1948-02-10 | Elis L Larson | Cylinder liner |
JPS4514640Y1 (en) * | 1966-04-09 | 1970-06-19 | ||
US3786551A (en) * | 1972-04-10 | 1974-01-22 | J Gregg | Piston puller |
US3945104A (en) * | 1975-04-25 | 1976-03-23 | Brookover Jr William S | Diesel engine cylinder liner puller tool |
-
1983
- 1983-10-24 JP JP58503751A patent/JPS60501199A/en active Granted
- 1983-10-24 EP EP83903719A patent/EP0140894B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-10-24 EP EP86105082A patent/EP0197563B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-10-24 WO PCT/US1983/001657 patent/WO1984004358A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1983-10-24 DE DE8383903719T patent/DE3373007D1/en not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-09-28 MY MYPI87002070A patent/MY101662A/en unknown
- 1987-09-28 MY MYPI87002069A patent/MY101108A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3373007D1 (en) | 1987-09-17 |
JPS60501199A (en) | 1985-08-01 |
EP0197563A1 (en) | 1986-10-15 |
EP0140894B1 (en) | 1987-08-12 |
MY101108A (en) | 1991-07-16 |
JPH0520234B2 (en) | 1993-03-18 |
MY101662A (en) | 1991-12-31 |
EP0140894A1 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
WO1984004358A1 (en) | 1984-11-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4589180A (en) | Tool for removal of an engine cylinder liner | |
US4057889A (en) | Engine cylinder sleeve puller and method | |
US4530141A (en) | Unitary removal of engine cylinder liner, piston and rod | |
EP0086344B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for prestressing a countersunk fastener hole | |
US5299644A (en) | Well starter head | |
US5205356A (en) | Well starter head | |
GB2280482A (en) | Conduit connector | |
CN111360751A (en) | Method for pulling out inner embedded bushing | |
EP0197563B1 (en) | Tool for unitary removal of engine cylinder liner, piston and rod | |
US20040088844A1 (en) | Extractor, in particular for extracting center pins | |
US5125145A (en) | Tamping tool removal system | |
US4979853A (en) | Cutting tool holder for high speed spindle machining system | |
US5056470A (en) | Piston-operated internal-combustion engine having wet cylinder liners | |
CA1240127A (en) | Unitary removal of engine cylinder liner, piston and rod | |
US4688321A (en) | Method for securing a workpiece to a fixture | |
US4565476A (en) | Internal hydraulic clamp | |
US4138780A (en) | Tool for removing and inserting bolts in connecting rods | |
US2883741A (en) | Diesel injection nozzle puller | |
US4831702A (en) | Method for fixing boiler tubes during replacement of same | |
US3856906A (en) | Method for forming threads on plastic nipples | |
US2430847A (en) | Valve seat insert tool | |
EP0359392A1 (en) | Pipeline repair system | |
US4176439A (en) | Tool for removing and inserting bolts in connecting rods | |
JP2000084759A (en) | Nut fastening device and method | |
US4171124A (en) | Flame cutting tip and torch holder |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19860430 |
|
AC | Divisional application: reference to earlier application |
Ref document number: 140894 Country of ref document: EP |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BE DE GB SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19871127 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AC | Divisional application: reference to earlier application |
Ref document number: 140894 Country of ref document: EP |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE DE GB SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3380362 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19890914 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19920908 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19920924 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19921001 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19931024 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19931025 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19931024 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19940701 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 86105082.1 Effective date: 19940510 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19950914 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19961031 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC. Effective date: 19961031 |