EP0194251B1 - Hand firearm - Google Patents

Hand firearm Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0194251B1
EP0194251B1 EP86890029A EP86890029A EP0194251B1 EP 0194251 B1 EP0194251 B1 EP 0194251B1 EP 86890029 A EP86890029 A EP 86890029A EP 86890029 A EP86890029 A EP 86890029A EP 0194251 B1 EP0194251 B1 EP 0194251B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
breech
piece
bolt
block
firearm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86890029A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0194251A1 (en
Inventor
Satish Kumar Malhotra
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Steyr Daimler Puch AG
Original Assignee
Steyr Daimler Puch AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Steyr Daimler Puch AG filed Critical Steyr Daimler Puch AG
Publication of EP0194251A1 publication Critical patent/EP0194251A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0194251B1 publication Critical patent/EP0194251B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/44—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers
    • F41A3/46—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers mounted on the bolt

Definitions

  • the invention relates according to the known preamble of claim 1 to a handgun with a breech, which consists of a slidable against the force of a closing spring and a relatively movably mounted in this, penetrated by a firing pin, and with or with a handle od The like. Firmly connected run.
  • the rate of return is reversed according to the pulse rate.
  • the closure mass would have to be increased.
  • this is impractical because of the desire to reduce the weight and size of the weapon. Accordingly, when the breech mass is reduced, an increased return speed of the breech must be expected, which, since the energy increases with the square of the speed, results in a considerably increased return energy which is extremely detrimental to the shooting comfort.
  • the breech piece is mounted in the slide piece so as to be relatively movable both in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction and is supported on the slide piece by means of a pivot lever.
  • the closure piece initially rests against an oblique stop of the grip piece or the like without play.
  • the mass inertia of the slide piece is used via the swivel lever.
  • the return speed of the slider is additionally increased by the swivel lever, so that there is no reduction in recoil.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a handgun of the type described at the outset, in which the return speed of the breech is reduced without increasing mass and the shooting comfort is thereby improved.
  • the invention solves the problem in that the slide behind the longitudinally displaceable closure member has a transversely displaceable bolt lying in the plane of symmetry of the closure, which in the closed position of the closure rests with a rear inclined surface on a counter surface of the handle piece or the like with little play , with the bolt and the locking piece having surfaces of the same incline interacting as inclined planes.
  • a particularly expedient construction of the closure is achieved according to the invention in that, in order to form the surfaces interacting as inclined planes, the bolt has a slot which slopes obliquely from front to back and in which an extension arranged at the rear of the closure piece and which rises with the same slope engages appropriately.
  • the barrel 2 of a submachine gun is firmly connected, 3 being the cartridge magazine and 4 being a sleeve in which the breech can slide forwards and backwards.
  • the closure consists of a sliding piece 6 which can be displaced against the force of a closing spring 5 and a closing piece 7 which is arranged in the sliding piece 6 so as to be longitudinally displaceable.
  • the locking piece 7 is penetrated by an ignition pin 8, which is firmly connected to the slide 6.
  • the sliding piece 6 has a transversely displaceable bolt 9 located behind the closing piece 7 in the plane of symmetry of the closing.
  • the bolt 9 is provided with a slot 10 which rises obliquely from front to rear, in which an extension 11 arranged on the rear side of the closure piece 7, which rises with the same slope, engages appropriately.
  • the latch 9 has a rear inclined surface 12 parallel to the slot 10, for which a corresponding counter surface 13 is provided on the handle 1.
  • the catch lever 14 releases the entire lock 6, 7 and this can move forward under the action of the relaxing closing spring 5, the locking piece 7 being a Pa takes the trone out of the magazine 3 and pushes it into the cartridge chamber of barrel 2.
  • the bolt 9 slides downward due to the relative movement of the closing piece 7 in the sliding piece 6 and is supported in the closed position with its rear inclined surface 12 on the counter surface 13 with little play (exaggerated in FIG. 3).
  • the ignition pin 8 causes the ignition and there is a possible joint return movement of the sliding piece 6 and the closing piece 7. This slight movement is sufficient to enable the bolt 9 to rise, which was previously excluded because the closing piece 7 could not move forward due to its support at the rear of the barrel.
  • the rising of the bolt 9 now causes the desired forward thrust of the closure piece 7 due to the surfaces of the slot 10 and the extension 11 serving as inclined planes against the gas pressure prevailing in the barrel 2 and thus the desired energy dissipation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich gemäss dem bekannten Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 auf eine Handfeuerwaffe mit einem Verschluss, der aus einem gegen die Kraft einer Schliessfeder verschiebbaren Gleitstück und einem in diesem relativ beweglich gelagerten, von einem Zündstift durchsetzten Verschlussstück besteht, und mit einem mit einem Griffstück od. dgl. fest verbundenen Lauf.The invention relates according to the known preamble of claim 1 to a handgun with a breech, which consists of a slidable against the force of a closing spring and a relatively movably mounted in this, penetrated by a firing pin, and with or with a handle od The like. Firmly connected run.

Bei Handfeuerwaffen mit gegen die Kraft einer Schliessfeder verschiebbarem Verschluss ergibt sich gemäss dem Impulssatz eine zur Verschlussmasse verkehrt proportionale Rücklaufgeschwindigkeit. Es müsste also, um die Rücklaufgeschwindigkeit des Verschlusses zu verringern, die Verschlussmasse erhöht werden. Dies ist aber wegen des Bestrebens, das Gewicht und die Abmessungen der Waffe zu verringern, undurchführbar. Demnach muss bei Verminderung der Verschlussmasse mit erhöhter Rücklaufgeschwindigkeit des Verschlusses gerechnet werden, was, da die Energie mit dem Quadrat der Geschwindigkeit steigt, eine beträchtlich verstärkte und für den Schiesskomfort äusserst abträgliche Rücklaufenergie zur Folge hat. Bei einer bekannten Handfeuerwaffe ist das Verschlussstück im Gleitstück sowohl in Längsrichtung als auch in Querrichtung relativ beweglich gelagert und an dem Gleitstück über einen Schwenkhebel abgestützt. Das Verschlussstück liegt zunächst an einem schrägen Anschlag des Griffstückes od. dgl. spielfrei an. Um das Aufsteigen des Verschlussstückes bzw. sein Abheben von diesem Anschlag, der im Augenblick des Zündens zunächst eine erwünschte Krafteinleitung in das Griffstück od. dgl. bewirkt, zu verzögern, wird über den Schwenkhebel die Massenträgheit des Gleitstückes ausgenützt. Nachteilig ist dabei aber, dass durch den Schwenkhebel die Rücklaufgeschwindigkeit des Gleitstückes zusätzlich gesteigert wird, so dass sich keine Rückstossverringerung ergibt.In the case of handguns with a slide that can be displaced against the force of a closing spring, the rate of return is reversed according to the pulse rate. In order to reduce the return speed of the closure, the closure mass would have to be increased. However, this is impractical because of the desire to reduce the weight and size of the weapon. Accordingly, when the breech mass is reduced, an increased return speed of the breech must be expected, which, since the energy increases with the square of the speed, results in a considerably increased return energy which is extremely detrimental to the shooting comfort. In the case of a known handgun, the breech piece is mounted in the slide piece so as to be relatively movable both in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction and is supported on the slide piece by means of a pivot lever. The closure piece initially rests against an oblique stop of the grip piece or the like without play. In order to delay the ascent of the closure piece or its lifting off from this stop, which at the moment of ignition initially causes a desired introduction of force into the grip piece or the like, the mass inertia of the slide piece is used via the swivel lever. However, it is disadvantageous that the return speed of the slider is additionally increased by the swivel lever, so that there is no reduction in recoil.

Somit liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Handfeuerwaffe der eingangs geschilderten Art zu schaffen, bei der die Rücklaufgeschwindigkeit des Verschlusses ohne Massenvermehrung vermindert und dadurch der Schiesskomfort verbessert wird.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a handgun of the type described at the outset, in which the return speed of the breech is reduced without increasing mass and the shooting comfort is thereby improved.

Die Erfindung löst die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch, dass das Gleitstück hinter dem in ihm längsverschiebbaren Verschlussstück einen in der Verschlusssymmetrieebene liegenden quer verschiebbaren Riegel aufweist, der in der Schliessstellung des Verschlusses mit einer hinteren Schrägfläche an einer Gegenfläche des Griffstükkes od. dgl. unter geringem Spiel anliegt, wobei Riegel und Verschlussstück als schiefe Ebenen zusammenwirkende Flächen gleicher Schräge besitzen.The invention solves the problem in that the slide behind the longitudinally displaceable closure member has a transversely displaceable bolt lying in the plane of symmetry of the closure, which in the closed position of the closure rests with a rear inclined surface on a counter surface of the handle piece or the like with little play , with the bolt and the locking piece having surfaces of the same incline interacting as inclined planes.

Bei der Zündung läuft zunächst das Verschlussstück mit dem Gleitstück gegen die Kraft der Schliessfeder den ganz geringen Weg zurück, der sich aus dem Spiel zwischen der hinteren Schrägfläche des Riegels einerseits und der Gegenfläche des Griffstückes od. dgl. anderseits ergibt. Dieser ganz geringe Rücklaufweg, den auch die im Verschlussstück gefasste Patronenhülse mitmachen muss, reicht aus, um den Riegel, der bis dahin unbeweglich gehalten war, in seiner Führung Verschubmöglichkeit zu geben. Es wird daher bei der weiteren Rücklaufbewegung des Gleitstückes der Riegel quer zu dieser Bewegung vom Griffstück weggedrückt, was aber zufolge der als schiefe Ebenen zusammenwirkenden Flächen von Riegel und Verschlussstück ein Vorwärtsdrücken des Verschlussstückes und der Patronenhülse gegen den im Lauf herrschenden Gasdruck mit sich bringt. Ein solches Vorwärtsdrücken hat selbstverständlich eine entsprechende Energievernichtung zur Folge, was sich dann in einer beträchtlich reduzierten Rücklaufgeschwindigkeit und damit auch der Rücklaufenergie des Verschlusses auswirkt, so dass die Waffe vom Schützen ruhiger gehalten werden kann.When the ignition is started, the locking piece with the slide piece runs back against the force of the closing spring the very short distance that results from the play between the rear oblique surface of the bolt on the one hand and the counter surface of the grip piece or the like on the other. This very small return path, which the cartridge case contained in the breech block must also travel along, is sufficient to give the bolt, which had been immovable until then, the possibility of being shifted in its guide. It is therefore pressed during the further return movement of the slider of the bolt transversely to this movement of the handle, which, however, due to the surfaces of the bolt and breech which interact as inclined planes, pushes the breech and the cartridge case forward against the gas pressure prevailing in the barrel. Such forward pushing naturally results in a corresponding energy destruction, which then results in a considerably reduced return speed and thus also the return energy of the breech, so that the gun can be kept calmer by the shooter.

Eine besonders zweckmässige Konstruktion des Verschlusses wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch erreicht, dass zur Bildung der als schiefe Ebenen zusammenwirkenden Flächen der Riegel einen von vorne nach hinten schräg ansteigenden Schlitz besitzt, in dem ein an der Hinterseite des Verschlussstückes angeordneter, mit gleicher Schräge ansteigender Fortsatz passend eingreift.A particularly expedient construction of the closure is achieved according to the invention in that, in order to form the surfaces interacting as inclined planes, the bolt has a slot which slopes obliquely from front to back and in which an extension arranged at the rear of the closure piece and which rises with the same slope engages appropriately.

In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand beispielsweise dargestellt, und zwar zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine Maschinenpistole mit den erfindungswesentlichen Teilen bei gespanntem Verschluss schematisch in teilweise aufgebrochener Seitenansicht,
  • Fig. 2 dieselbe Waffe im Augenblick der Zündung in gleicher Darstellungsweise,
  • Fig. 3 Gleitstück, Verschlussstück und Riegel in der Stellung nach Fig. 2 vergrössert im Vertikalschnitt und
  • Fig. 4 im Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV der Fig. 3.
In the drawing, the subject matter of the invention is shown, for example, and show
  • 1 shows a submachine gun with the parts essential to the invention, with the breech closed, schematically in a partially broken side view,
  • 2 the same weapon at the moment of ignition in the same representation,
  • Fig. 3 slide, locking piece and bolt in the position of FIG. 2 enlarged in vertical section and
  • 4 in section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3rd

Mit dem Griffstück 1 ist der Lauf 2 einer Maschinenpistole fest verbunden, wobei mit 3 das Patronenmagazin und mit 4 eine Hülse bezeichnet sind, in der der Verschluss vor- und rückwärts gleiten kann. Der Verschluss besteht aus einem gegen die Kraft einer Schliessfeder 5 verschiebbaren Gleitstück 6 und einem Verschlussstück 7, das im Gleitstück 6 längsverschiebbar angeordnet ist. Das Verschlussstück 7 wird von einem Zündstift 8 durchsetzt, der fest mit dem Gleitstück 6 verbunden ist.With the handle 1, the barrel 2 of a submachine gun is firmly connected, 3 being the cartridge magazine and 4 being a sleeve in which the breech can slide forwards and backwards. The closure consists of a sliding piece 6 which can be displaced against the force of a closing spring 5 and a closing piece 7 which is arranged in the sliding piece 6 so as to be longitudinally displaceable. The locking piece 7 is penetrated by an ignition pin 8, which is firmly connected to the slide 6.

Erfindungsgemäss weist das Gleitstück 6 hinter dem Verschlussstück 7 einen in der Symmetrieebene des Verschlusses liegenden querverschiebbaren Riegel 9 auf. Der Riegel 9 ist mit einem von vorne nach hinten schräg ansteigenden Schlitz 10 versehen, in dem ein an der Hinterseite des Verschlussstückes 7 angeordneter, mit gleicher Schräge ansteigender Fortsatz 11 passend eingreift. Ausserdem weist der Riegel 9 eine hintere, zum Schlitz 10 parallele Schrägfläche 12 auf, für die am Griffstück 1 eine entsprechende Gegenfläche 13 vorgesehen ist.According to the invention, the sliding piece 6 has a transversely displaceable bolt 9 located behind the closing piece 7 in the plane of symmetry of the closing. The bolt 9 is provided with a slot 10 which rises obliquely from front to rear, in which an extension 11 arranged on the rear side of the closure piece 7, which rises with the same slope, engages appropriately. In addition, the latch 9 has a rear inclined surface 12 parallel to the slot 10, for which a corresponding counter surface 13 is provided on the handle 1.

Wird bei der Stellung nach Fig. 1 der Abzug betätigt, so gibt der Fanghebel 14 den ganzen Verschluss 6, 7 frei und dieser kann unter der Wirkung der sich entspannenden Schliessfeder 5 vorwärts schnellen, wobei das Verschlussstück 7 eine Patrone aus dem Magazin 3 mitnimmt und in das Patronenlager des Laufes 2 einschiebt. Der Riegel 9 gleitet durch die dabei stattfindende Relativbewegung des Verschlussstückes 7 im Gleitstück 6 abwärts und stützt sich in der Schliessstellung mit seiner hinteren Schrägfläche 12 an der Gegenfläche 13 mit geringem Spiel (in Fig. 3 übertrieben dargestellt) ab. Am Ende der Schliessbewegung ist durch den Zündstift 8 die Zündung erfolgt und es kommt zu einer ermöglichten gemeinsamen Rückbewegung von Gleitstück 6 und Verschlussstück 7. Diese geringe Bewegung genügt, um ein Aufsteigen des Riegels 9 zu ermöglichen, das vorher ausgeschlossen war, weil das Verschlussstück 7 wegen seiner Abstützung am Laufhinterende sich nicht vorwärts bewegen konnte. Das Aufsteigen des Riegels 9 bewirkt nun das gewünschte Vorwärtsstossen des Verschlussstückes 7 zufolge der als schiefe Ebenen dienenden Flächen des Schlitzes 10 und des Fortsatzes 11 entgegen dem im Lauf 2 herrschenden Gasdruck und damit die gewünschte Energievernichtung.If the trigger is actuated in the position according to FIG. 1, the catch lever 14 releases the entire lock 6, 7 and this can move forward under the action of the relaxing closing spring 5, the locking piece 7 being a Pa takes the trone out of the magazine 3 and pushes it into the cartridge chamber of barrel 2. The bolt 9 slides downward due to the relative movement of the closing piece 7 in the sliding piece 6 and is supported in the closed position with its rear inclined surface 12 on the counter surface 13 with little play (exaggerated in FIG. 3). At the end of the closing movement, the ignition pin 8 causes the ignition and there is a possible joint return movement of the sliding piece 6 and the closing piece 7. This slight movement is sufficient to enable the bolt 9 to rise, which was previously excluded because the closing piece 7 could not move forward due to its support at the rear of the barrel. The rising of the bolt 9 now causes the desired forward thrust of the closure piece 7 due to the surfaces of the slot 10 and the extension 11 serving as inclined planes against the gas pressure prevailing in the barrel 2 and thus the desired energy dissipation.

Claims (2)

1. A hand firearm with a breech-block consisting of a sliding member (6), which is displaceable against the force of a breech-closing spring (5), and a breech piece (7) mounted relatively movably in the breech-block and traversed by a firing pin, the firearm having a barrel rigidly connected to a stock (1) or the like,
characterised in that the sliding member (6) has a bolt (9) which is movable in the transverse direction and lies in the plane of symmetry of the breech-block behind the longitudinally movable breech piece (7) therein, a rear oblique surface of the bolt abutting a counterface (13) of the stock (1) or the like with slight clearance in the closed position of the breech-block (6, 7), the bolt (9) and breech piece (7) having surfaces of the same slant cooperating as oblique planes.
2. A firearm according to claim 1, characterised in that the bolt (9) has a slot (10) which rises towards the rear to form the surfaces cooperating as oblique planes, a projection (11) on the rear of the breech piece (7) rising at the same slant fitting into the slot (10).
EP86890029A 1985-02-20 1986-02-11 Hand firearm Expired EP0194251B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0050485A AT385348B (en) 1985-02-20 1985-02-20 SEMI-STARLED LOCK FOR A HANDGUN
AT504/85 1985-02-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0194251A1 EP0194251A1 (en) 1986-09-10
EP0194251B1 true EP0194251B1 (en) 1988-04-20

Family

ID=3492359

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86890029A Expired EP0194251B1 (en) 1985-02-20 1986-02-11 Hand firearm

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US (1) US4677898A (en)
EP (1) EP0194251B1 (en)
AT (1) AT385348B (en)
DE (1) DE3660141D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5983774A (en) * 1997-03-07 1999-11-16 Mihaita; Ion Machine gun
US5834678A (en) * 1997-04-08 1998-11-10 Kalb; Alan I. Bullpup .50 caliber semi-automatic target rifle
US6418655B1 (en) 1999-08-19 2002-07-16 Ira M. Kay Underbarrel shotgun
US9151552B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2015-10-06 Christos Stratis Gryparis Lock interface insert for machine gun bolt assembly
US9599417B2 (en) * 2014-05-15 2017-03-21 Savage Arms, Inc. Extractor mechanism for firearm

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE300108C (en) * 1914-09-25
US1340891A (en) * 1917-11-26 1920-05-25 Auto Ordnance Corp Breech-closure
US1363809A (en) * 1919-03-14 1920-12-28 Auto Ordnance Corp Firearm
US1338866A (en) * 1919-12-05 1920-05-04 Auto Ordnance Corp Firearm
US1425810A (en) * 1920-12-02 1922-08-15 Auto Ordnance Corp Automatic gun
CH176389A (en) * 1933-02-10 1935-04-15 Schweiz Ind Ges Automatic firearm.
BE425163A (en) * 1936-12-14
US2365389A (en) * 1941-11-04 1944-12-19 J M & M S Browning Company Firearm
US3213558A (en) * 1964-03-04 1965-10-26 High Standard Mfg Corp Means for mounting bolt-actuating device for firearms

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3660141D1 (en) 1988-05-26
AT385348B (en) 1988-03-25
EP0194251A1 (en) 1986-09-10
ATA50485A (en) 1987-08-15
US4677898A (en) 1987-07-07

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