EP0193547A1

EP0193547A1 - Pendulum-type reamer

Info

Publication number: EP0193547A1
Application number: EP19850904114
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rainer Wessely
Original assignee: KOYEMANN WERKZEUGE GmbH
Current assignee: KOYEMANN WERKZEUGE GmbH
Priority date: 1984-09-05
Filing date: 1985-08-24
Publication date: 1986-09-10
Also published as: WO1986001443A1; DE3432615C2; DE3432615A1

Abstract

Un alésoir comprend une tige de forage qui tient et fait avancer avec un mouvement pendulaire dans tous les sens une tête porte-lames avec au moins trois lames. Une plaque de guidage (5, 5') perpendiculaire à l'axe de la tige de forage et pourvue d'un évidement central (6) est agencée à l'extrémité libre, cylindrique et creuse de la tige de forage. Cette plaque de guidage (5, 5') soutient et guide dans tous les sens la tête porte-lames (7), étant parallèlement connectée à celle-ci. Cette connexion parallèle se fait par l'intermédiaire d'une surface plane de guidage (8) de la tête porte-lames (7) qui s'appuie sur le côté extérieur de la plaque de guidage (5, 5'), et d'une surface de guidage (40) parallèle à la première et s'appuyant sur le côté intérieur de la plaque de guidage (5, 5') d'une tête de guidage (10, 10') connectée à la tête porte-lames (7) par un collet court et central (9). La longueur du collet (9) correspond à l'épaisseur de la plaque de guidage (5, 5') et le diamètre de l'évidement (6) autour du jeu pendulaire est plus grand que le diamètre du collet (9). La tête de guidage (10, 10') de la tête porte-lames (7) peut être connectée à la tige de forage par une unité mobile d'entraînement (15, 15') de façon à empêcher la rotation de celle-ci. On obtient ainsi une tête porte-lames (7) susceptible d'être déplacée dans tous les sens, d'être aisément et fiablement guidée, connectée de façon facilement amovible à la tige de forage (1).A reamer includes a drill rod which holds and advances in a pendulum motion in all directions a blade head with at least three blades. A guide plate (5, 5 ') perpendicular to the axis of the drill pipe and provided with a central recess (6) is arranged at the free, cylindrical and hollow end of the drill pipe. This guide plate (5, 5 ′) supports and guides in all directions the blade holder head (7), being parallel to it. This parallel connection is made by means of a flat guide surface (8) of the blade-holder head (7) which rests on the outside of the guide plate (5, 5 '), and d '' a guide surface (40) parallel to the first and pressing on the inside of the guide plate (5, 5 ') of a guide head (10, 10') connected to the blade holder head (7) by a short and central collar (9). The length of the collar (9) corresponds to the thickness of the guide plate (5, 5 ') and the diameter of the recess (6) around the pendulum clearance is larger than the diameter of the collar (9). The guide head (10, 10 ') of the cutter head (7) can be connected to the drill pipe by a mobile drive unit (15, 15') so as to prevent the latter from rotating. . There is thus obtained a blade holder head (7) capable of being moved in all directions, of being easily and reliably guided, connected in an easily removable manner to the drill rod (1).

Description

Description: Pendulum reamer

The invention is based on a pendulum reamer, on the boring bar of which a cutter head with at least three cutting blades is held and guided on all sides.

A pendulum reamer of this type is known from the German patent 541 743. In this known pendulum reamer, the boring bar is rigidly connected to a cylindrical cage in which a cutter head carrying the cutting knives is arranged in a pendulum-supporting manner against elastic inserts. The cutting blades of the cutter head come out through slots arranged on the circumference of the cage. The cutter head is supported by a steel ball inside the cage to absorb the cutting pressure. To accommodate the cutting knives, the cutter head is provided with a conical bearing surface on which the cutting knives can be adjusted parallel to the cone axis for the purpose of adjustment to another diameter.

The known pendulum reamer has the disadvantage that the cutter head and the cutting knife can only be removed from the cage after the cage bottom has been removed and that an exact guidance of the cutting knife is not possible. because the knife head is supported by elastic intermediate layers. Another disadvantage is the fact that the cutter head can only swing out against the resistance of the elastic intermediate layer and this resistance is greater the greater the deviation of the cutter head axis from the boring bar axis. From DE-PS 664 304 a pendulum reamer is known in which the cutter head is guided transversely to the boring bar axis in a slot of the boring bar and a pair of knives at right angles to it are displaceably guided in a recess in the cutter head. Due to the effect of the crossed guides, an independent setting on the hole circle is achieved by the cutting pressure even with any directional shift. This pendulum reamer has the disadvantage that the two straight guides, which are at right angles to one another, do not lie in one plane and therefore do not have the same effect. The permissible pendulum travel must also be set separately from the pendulum head and from the pair of knives.

The present invention has for its object to provide a pendulum reamer, in which the cutter head is movably and reliably guided on all sides and is held on the boring bar in an easily replaceable manner.

This object is achieved in that at the free, hollow cylindrical end of the boring bar is provided with a central recess, perpendicular to the boring bar axis guide plate that the cutter head can be supported on this all-round parallel guide, which is composed of a a flat guide surface of the cutter head bearing against the outside of the guide plate and a guide surface of a guide head lying parallel to the inside of the guide plate connected to the cutter head via a short central neck, the length of the neck corresponding to the thickness of the guide plate and the diameter of the recess by the maximum pendulum play is greater than the diameter of the neck and that the guide head of the cutter head can be coupled to the boring bar in a rotationally fixed manner via a movable driving part. The neck of the cutter head can be inserted into the recess in the guide plate via an open slot on the side. In this case, a securing part must be provided which, after inserting the cutter head, at least partially encompasses its guide head and holds the cutter head with its neck in the region of the central recess.

It is also possible, however, to design the guide head of the cutter head and the recess in the guide plate in a bayonet-like manner, so that the cutter head with its guide head can be inserted through the cutout of the guide plate on the front and after swiveling by 60 ° or 90 ° on the guide plate a given pendulum game is guided displaceable on all sides. In this case, a securing part must be provided which, after inserting and pivoting the cutter head, holds the cutter head in the connected position and prevents the cutter head from pivoting relative to the guide plate.

The pendulum reamer according to the invention has the advantage that the cutter head is guided in a freely oscillating radial manner and the displacement resistance of the cutter head is the same and low in all directions, and that the guide surface loaded during reaming is relatively large and is as close as possible to the plane of the cutting knife, so that tilting of the cutter head and its cutting knife cannot occur.

An axially displaceable sleeve is used to secure the inserted cutter head, which sleeve can be pushed over the cutter head receptacle after inserting the cutter head and holds the guide head in the area of the central recess. In order to be able to set the pendulum play precisely, a centering cone is attached to the guide head, which cooperates with a cone ring arranged axially displaceably in the boring bar. The distance between the centering cone and the cone ring in the operating position is finely adjustable, so that the maximum pendulum play can be set by adjusting this distance. The conical ring is expediently fastened to the axially displaceable sleeve and the centering cone is screwed onto a threaded pin of the guide head.

In order to be able to insert the cutter head quickly, a driver part is mounted within the boring bar, swinging around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the boring bar, the driver projections of which engage in a slot in the cutter head are parallel to the pendulum axis and parallel to the slot-like recess in the guide plate. When the sleeve is pushed up, the cutter head can be inserted with its neck into the recess of the guide plate and at the same time coupled to the driver part via its slot and the driver projections.

The cutting knives are radially adjustable in the cutter head using a central adjusting screw and can be locked in the set position using locking screws. Furthermore, channels are provided in the cutter head which supply the cutting knives with a cutting and / or cooling emulsion which is fed through a longitudinal bore in the boring bar, the driver part and the central adjusting screw.

Further features of the invention emerge from the patent claims.

The following description will be. Embodiments of the invention explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. These show in

Fig. 1 is a side view of the pendulum reamer according to the invention.

2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, but with the sleeve pushed up, 3 is a bottom view of the pendulum reamer,

4 is an enlarged view, in particular the tool holder of the pendulum reamer when the sleeve is pushed up, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the tool holder of the boring bar and the cutter head,

6 is a bottom view of the cutter head with the cover removed,

7 is a view of the cutter head along the section line VII-VII in Fig. 6,

8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 of a second embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 9 is a view along the section line IX-IX in Fig. 8. The pendulum reamer according to Figs. 1 to 7 has a boring bar 1, the free end 2 of which is provided with a tool holder 3, into which a cutter head 7 can be quickly replaced is. The tool holder 3 is formed by a semi-cylindrical part 4, which connects continuously to a cylindrical part of the boring bar 1. At the free end of the semi-cylindrical part 4, a circular guide plate 5 is arranged with a central recess 6,

As shown in FIG. 5 in particular, the central recess 6 is open on one side via a slot 41, the width of which can be somewhat smaller than the diameter of the central recess 6. This slot 41 runs perpendicular to the parting plane of the half cylinder 4. The cutter head 7 is connected to a guide head 10 via a short central neck 9. The diameter of the neck 9 is such that it can be inserted into the slot 41 of the guide plate 5, so that the cutter head 7 rests with its guide surface 8 on the outside of the guide plate 5 and the guide head 10 with its guide surface 8 parallel to the guide surface 8 40 rests on the inside of the guide plate 5. The two sides of the guide plate 5 and also the guide surfaces 8 and 40 can NEN be coated with a friction reducing material. Because the diameter of the central recess 6 is significantly larger than the diameter of the neck 9, the cutter head is held by the guide plate 5 in a freely oscillating manner. For the coupling of the cutter head 7 provided with three cutting blades 11, 12 and 13 with the boring bar 1, a driver part 15 is used, which is mounted in a cylindrical cavity 19 of the boring bar 1 so as to pivot about an axis 18. The pendulum axis 18 runs perpendicular to the boring bar axis and perpendicular to the parting plane of the hollow cylinder 4. At the free end of the driving part 15, driving projections 37 are attached, which engage in a slot 36 of the guide head 10 of the cutter head 7. In this way, the cutter head 7 is guided on the guide plate 5 in a freely oscillating manner and is nonetheless coupled to the boring bar 1 in a rotationally fixed manner.

4 shows, the driver part 15 is provided with an annular bead 20 which is arranged at the level of the pendulum axis 18 and is fitted with as little play as possible in the cylindrical cavity 19 of the drill rod 1.

A sleeve 22 is arranged axially displaceably on the boring bar 1 and is pushed over the tool holder 3 after inserting the cutter head 7. In this securing position, the lower edge of the sleeve 22 encompasses the lateral edge of the guide plate 5. The tapered ring 17 is connected to the sleeve 22 and engages around the centering cone 16 of the cutter head 7 in the securing position. The centering cone 16 is screwed onto a threaded pin 14 of the cutter head 7 so that it can be adjusted axially relative to the conical ring 17. In this way, the desired pendulum play can be set. In order that the centering cone does not move, a ring 26 made of elastic material is arranged between the centering cone 16 and the guide head 10, as shown in FIG. 7. The frictional forces acting between this ring 26 and the centering gel 16 prevent the centering cone from being inadvertently adjusted. 5 shows, the conical ring 17 is screwed onto a half ring 21 at the lower end of the sleeve 22. As shown in FIG. 4, the cavities in the boring bar are dimensioned such that when sleeve 22 and cone ring 17 are pushed up, space 3 for receiving guide head 10 of cutter head 7 is completely free.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the cutting knives 11, 12 and 13 are guided in a radially movable manner in the carrier body 27 of the cutter head 7. A central adjusting screw 30 is used for the radial adjustment of the cutting knives 11, 12 and 13, which acts with a cone 31 on correspondingly designed inclined surfaces of the cutting knives 11, 12 and 13. The adjusting screw 30 has a hexagon socket, into which a socket wrench that extends through the threaded bore 29 can be inserted. The recesses for receiving the cutting knives or the cutting support are open on the end face of the carrier body 27 and on the circumferential surface. A cover 28 can be screwed onto the end face of the carrier body 27. The cutting knives 11, 12 and 13 can be locked in their set position by means of the locking screws 35 shown in FIG. 5. Smaller channels 33 are incorporated in the carrier body 27 of the cutter head 7, through which the cutting blades 11, 12 and 13 can be supplied with a cutting or cooling emulsion. This cutting and cooling emulsion is fed through a bore 34 in the drill rod 1, a longitudinal bore in the driver part 15 and a bore 32 in the adjusting screw 30 to the channels 33.

So that the knife head 7 does not inadvertently move in the direction of the slot 41 after being pushed onto the guide plate 5 provided with a slot 41, For example, the axially displaceable sleeve 22 can have a part which, in the securing position of the sleeve 22, lies in the direction of the slot 41 in front of the guide head 10. The sleeve 22 can be locked in its securing position. As shown in FIG. 5, a ball 24, which is under the pressure of a spring 25 and which holds the sleeve 22 in the securing position (cf. FIG. 1), is used for this purpose. By pushing the ball 24 against the action of the spring 25, the sleeve 22 can be moved out of its securing position.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5, this securing function is performed by the conical ring 17 fastened to the sleeve 22, which in the securing position of the sleeve 22 lays at an adjustable distance around the centering cone 16 and thus also limits the pendulum play to an adjustable value.

8 and 9, a modified embodiment of the pendulum reamer according to the invention is shown, in which no slot 41 leading to the central recess 6 is provided for inserting the cutter head 7, but two sector-shaped, wing-like recesses 42. The guide head 10 'of the cutter head 7 has corresponding sector-shaped wings 43, so that the cutter head 7 with its guide head 10 'can be inserted axially through the guide plate 5' and then rotated 90 ° into the working position.

So that the cutter head 7 can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the boring bar 1, the guide head 7 has a central pin 45, which can be inserted into a pivoting or cardanically suspended driver part 15 '. In this pin 45 there is a transverse slot which, after rotation of the cutter head 7 is aligned in the working position with holes which are arranged in the driver part 15 '. In the lower part of the boring bar 1 there is a window 44 through which a bolt 46 into the holes of the slave part 15 'and the transverse slot of the pin 45 can be used.

The lower driver part 15 'is pivotally connected to the upper driver part 15 via an axis 47. The axis 47 extends at right angles to the pendulum axis 18 of the upper driver part 15.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 8, the centering cone 16 is arranged rigidly on the guide head 10 ', while the adjusting cone 17 is arranged axially adjustable and lockable in the boring bar 1.

Reference list

1 boring bar 35 locking screw

2 tubular part 36 slot

3 Tool holder 37 driver projections

4 half cylinders 38

5 guide plate 39

6 recess 40 guide surface

7 cutter head 41 slot

8 guide surface 42 sector-like recess

9 neck 43 wings

10 guide head 44 windows

11 cutting knives 45 tenons

12 cutting knives 46 bars

13 cutting knife 47 pendulum axis

14 threaded pins

15 driver part

16 centering cones

17 cone ring

18 axis

19 cylindrical cavity

20 ring bead

21 half ring

22 sleeve

23 screws

24 notches

25 spring

26 elastic ring

27 carrier body

28 lid

29 internal thread

30 adjusting screw

31 cone

32 hole

33 channels

34 hole

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS:

1. Pendulum reamer, on the boring bar of which a cutter head with at least three cutting knives is held and guided on all sides, characterized in that on the free, hollow-cylindrical end of the boring bar (1) is provided with a central recess (6), perpendicular to the boring bar axis Guide plate (5,5 ') is arranged that on this guide plate (5,5') the cutter head (7) can be supported by a parallel guide acting on all sides, which is composed of one on the outside of the guide plate (5,5 ') contacting, flat guide surface (8) of the cutter head (7) and a guide surface (40) of a guide head (10,10 ') parallel to the inside of the guide plate (5,5'), which has a short, central neck (9) is connected to the cutter head (7), the length of the neck (9) corresponding to the thickness of the guide plate (5.5 ') and the diameter of the recess (6) to the maximum pendulum play size it is the diameter of the neck (9) and that the guide head (10.10 ') of the cutter head (7) can be coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to the boring bar (l) via a movable driver part (15, 15').

2. Pendulum reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess (6) of the guide plate (5) is open to one side via a slot (41) and the cutter head (7) which can be inserted with its neck (9) into this slot (6) ) can be fixed in the inserted state by means of a securing part (22) which at least partially encompasses the guide head (10).

3. Pendulum reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide head (10 ') has at least two staggered wings (43) and the recess (6') in the guide plate (5 ') has the sector (43) of the guide head (10') corresponding sector-like recesses (42) through which the guide head (10 ') with its wings (43) can be inserted like a bayonet lock and that the guide head (10') after rotation into the working position, a driver piece (15 ') arranged in an oscillating manner on all sides in the cylindrical cavity (19) of the boring bar (1) can be locked in a rotationally fixed manner.

4. Pendulum reamer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the part of the boring bar (1) provided with the guide plate (5) is designed as a half cylinder (4), the outer diameter of which corresponds to that of the subsequent cylindrical boring bar part.

5. Pendulum reamer according to claim 2 and 4, characterized in that the slot (41) extends at right angles to the open side of the half-cylinder (4).

6. Pendulum reamer according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that on the drill rod (1) axially displaceably arranged as a securing part sleeve (22) is arranged, which is held in its securing position by a resilient catch (24).

7. Pendulum reamer according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the guide head (10) is provided with a centering cone (16) which cooperates with a cone ring (17) arranged in the boring bar (1) and that for adjusting the pendulum play the centering cone (16) and / or the cone ring (17) is axially adjustable.

8. Pendulum reamer according to claim 6 and 7, characterized in that the conical ring (17) on the sleeve (22) is attached.

9. Pendulum reamer according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the guide head (10) is provided with a central threaded pin (14). onto which the centering cone (16) is screwed in an axially adjustable manner.

10. Pendulum reamer according to claim 9, characterized in that a ring (26) made of elastic material is arranged between the top of the guide head (10) and the bottom of the centering cone (16).

11. Pendulum reamer according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the boring bar (1) about an axis extending at right angles to the boring bar axis (18) a driving part (15) is pivotally mounted, in a slot (36) of the cutter head ( 9) engaging driver projections (37) are parallel to the pendulum axis (18).

12. Pendulum reamer according to claim 11, characterized in that an annular bead (20) is arranged on the driver part (15) at the level of the pendulum axis (18), the largest diameter of which with the least possible play in the cylindrical cavity (19) of the boring bar (1) fits.

13. Pendulum reamer according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the outside and inside of the

Guide plate (5) and / or the guide surfaces (8) of the cutter head (7) and the guide head (10) is coated with a material that reduces friction.

14. Pendulum reamer according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the cutting blades (11, 12, 13) in the cutter head (7) are guided in a radially movable manner and by a central adjusting screw (30) with a cone (31) on accordingly trained inclined surfaces of the cutting knives (11, 12, 13), are radially adjustable and can be locked by a locking screw (35) in the cutter head (7).

15. Pendulum reamer according to claim 14, characterized in that in the carrier body (27) of the cutter head (7) on the front side of the carrier body (27) open channels for receiving the cutting knife (11, 12, 13) are incorporated and on the front side of the carrier body (27) a cover (28) is screwed on.

16. Pendulum reamer according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that in the cutter head (7) the cutting knives (11, 12, 13) with a cutting and cooling emulsion supplying channels (33) are arranged, which have holes (32, 34 ) in the adjusting screw (30) and the boring bar (1) can be connected to a supply line.