EP0193086B1 - Compact high pressure discharge lamp - Google Patents

Compact high pressure discharge lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0193086B1
EP0193086B1 EP86102111A EP86102111A EP0193086B1 EP 0193086 B1 EP0193086 B1 EP 0193086B1 EP 86102111 A EP86102111 A EP 86102111A EP 86102111 A EP86102111 A EP 86102111A EP 0193086 B1 EP0193086 B1 EP 0193086B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
lamp
discharge vessel
halogen
high pressure
pressure discharge
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EP86102111A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0193086A3 (en
EP0193086A2 (en
Inventor
Werner Dr. Block
Wolfgang Dr. Pabst
Manfred Pilsak
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Osram GmbH
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Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Priority to AT86102111T priority Critical patent/ATE52389T1/en
Publication of EP0193086A2 publication Critical patent/EP0193086A2/en
Publication of EP0193086A3 publication Critical patent/EP0193086A3/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp with compact dimensions and a wall load greater than 100 W / cm 2 , in particular for optical systems, consisting of a discharge vessel made of high-temperature-resistant, translucent material as a single bulb, two high-temperature-resistant electrodes and a filling of mercury, at least one noble gas, metal halides and Halogen in excess, iodine and / or bromine being present as halogen.
  • a DC arc lamp with a bulb which contains an ionizable filling of an inert gas such as argon and halogen or metal halide, such as indium iodide.
  • the discharge lamp has a high average luminance.
  • the lamp life is less than 100 hours and the color stability of the emitted radiation is not sufficient for projection purposes.
  • Another disadvantage is their large decrease in luminance, which is caused by heavy erosion of the cathode tip due to the DC operation.
  • DE-PS 19 40 539 and DE-PS 21 14804 describe mercury vapor high-pressure discharge lamps which contain filler additives of rare earth halides, in particular dysprosium and / or holmium and / or thulium.
  • the lamps have a luminous efficacy of 90 Im / W or greater, the radiation having a color temperature of 6000 K and a color rendering index Ra of 92.
  • These lamps are unsuitable for projection purposes and other optical systems where high luminance is important because they do not have sufficiently compact dimensions with a short arc.
  • the core of the discharge arc which is used only in the projection for illumination, emits radiation in these lamps whose color rendering index is far below 92 and whose color temperature significantly exceeds 6000 K.
  • the aim of the invention is therefore to provide a compact high-pressure discharge lamp for AC operation which generates radiation with a high average luminance and a very good color rendering index and at the same time has a large average lifespan.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp with the features mentioned in the preamble of the main claim is characterized in that, in order to achieve an average luminance of greater than 30 ksb at a specific arc power between 400 and 5000 W / cm over an average lamp life of 250 hours with a color rendering index Ra of at least 85 contains the discharge vessel as metal for the halide compounds cadmium and lithium.
  • An average lamp life is to be understood here as a time period during which the luminous efficacy of the lamp decreases by at most 15% without an optical system. This ensures that the decrease in light yield in a corresponding optical system after this period is between 20 and at most 45%.
  • the metals cadmium and lithium give the lamp a discharge arc with high color quality, with the entire arc including the hem producing radiation with "very good” color rendering (Ra at least 85). This ensures that the radiation from the arc core used for projection purposes enables "good” color rendering with a color rendering index Ra between 70 and 80.
  • the element lithium essentially serves to fill up the spectrum in the long-wave, i.e. in the red wavelength range of visible radiation.
  • the discharge vessel can contain holmium as metal for the halide compounds. Due to the multi-line radiation of the holmium, a further slight improvement in the color rendering properties of the radiation is achieved. This also enables the lamp to be used in film recording lighting.
  • the discharge vessel contains between 0.1 and 5.0 mg cadmium, up to 0.05 mg lithium and between 0.05 and 1.0 mg holmium per cm 3 of its volume.
  • the color temperature of the lamp can be varied and controlled in the red wavelength range depending on the intended use.
  • the discharge vessel preferably contains bromine and iodine in a molar ratio between 0.5 and 2.
  • the discharge vessel per cm 3 of its volume has a stoichiometric ratio of the compounds of halogens and metals in the lamp Halogen excess of up to 35 ⁇ mol.
  • a non-functioning circuit causes an increased blackening of the discharge vessel and a strong removal of tungsten on the electrodes and thus reduces the average lamp life. If the vapor pressure is not optimal, the luminance of the lamp is too low. Best results in terms of service life and luminance are achieved with a molar ratio of 1: 1 for bromine and iodine.
  • the lamp contains only argon as the base gas, which is present in the cold lamp at a pressure between 10 4 and 10 5 Pa. This ensures safe handling of the high-pressure discharge lamp when it is cold. On the other hand, the pressure is so high that when the Lamp vaporization of the tungsten electrodes and thus blackening of the discharge vessel is largely prevented.
  • the discharge vessel can also contain cesium to stabilize the arc.
  • the compact high-pressure discharge lamp is advantageously used in projection systems with a reflector firmly connected to the lamp.
  • FIG. 1 shows a 400 W high-pressure discharge lamp 1 of approximately 5.6 cm in length, as is used in a reflector system, not shown here.
  • the discharge vessel 2 made of quartz glass with a wall thickness of 0.22 cm has a volume of 0.76 cm 3 .
  • the rod-shaped electrodes 3, 4 are held at a distance of 0.42 cm in the electrode shafts 5, 6 of the discharge vessel 2, which have a length of approximately 2 cm and an approximately circular outer diameter of approximately 0.8 cm.
  • the electrodes 3, 4 are connected to the power supply lines 9, 10 via molybdenum foils 7, 8, which are melted vacuum-tight into the electrode shafts 5, 6.
  • the discharge vessel 2 contains a filling of 0.15 mg Ho, 0.18 mg CsBr, 0.10 mg CsJ, 0.10 mg LiBr, 0.07 mg LiJ, 1.80 mg CdJ 2 , 2.00 mg HgBr 2 , 0.60 mg HgJ 2 and 13.1 mg metallic Hg and Ar with a base gas pressure of 66.6 kPa.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp 1 With a lamp current of 7.3 A and a lamp voltage of 55 V, the high-pressure discharge lamp 1 has an initial useful luminous flux of 30 klm with a color temperature of approximately 4500 K.
  • this lamp can achieve up to 3600 screens, whereby the uniformity of the screen illumination E mlr / E mlnel according to DIN 15748 at 0.65 and lies above.
  • FIG. 2 shows the spectral radiance of a 400 W high-pressure discharge lamp, as shown in FIG. 1, as a function of the wavelength in the range between 250 and 1000 nm. 100% correspond to 0.69 W per sr and 10 nm.
  • FIG. 3 shows a high-pressure discharge lamp 14 permanently installed in a reflector 13 with a power consumption of 270 W.
  • the lamp 14 lies with its axis in the axis of the reflector 13. While one electron shaft 15 is fastened in the ceramic base 17 by means of cement 16, the other Electrode shaft 18 is held on the ceramic end ring 20 of the reflector 13 by copper strips 19, which also serve as power supply.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp 14 has a length of approximately 4.8 cm and a discharge vessel volume of 0.28 cm 3 .
  • the electrodes 21, 22 are connected to the power supply lines 25, 26 at a distance of 0.25 cm via molybdenum foils 23, 24 which have been sealed in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • One power connection 27 is attached to the base 17, the other (not visible here) to the end ring 20 of the reflector 13.
  • the filling of the discharge vessel 28 is composed of 0.05 mg Ho, 0.13 mg CsBr, 0.07 mg CsJ, 0.04 mg LiBr, 0.03 mg LiJ, 1.10 mg CdJ 2 , 1.18 mg HgBr 2 , 0.25 mg HgJ 2 and 7.5 mg metallic Hg and Ar with a base gas pressure of 66.6 kPa together.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp 14 has an initial useful luminous flux of 18 klm with a color temperature of 4500 to 5000 K.
  • the high useful luminous flux in these high-pressure discharge lamps can be obtained in particular with rectangular operation at approx. 300 Hz. Such an operation also ensures that flickering effects do not occur in the case of recording or projection systems which operate with a rotating aperture.

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  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

A metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp has a discharge vessel of compact construction, with a fill of mercury, at least one noble gas, typically argon, and a metal halide, with an excess of halogen. The halogen component of the metal halide is formed by iodine and/or bromine. An average light density in excess of 30 ksb, with a specific arc power of between 400 to 5000 W/cm is obtained over an average lifetime of 250 hours with a color rendering index Ra of at least 85 by utilizing cadmium and lithium as the metal component in the metal halide of the fill. Preferably, holmium also is used as a metal for the metal halide, the fill including between 0.1 and 5 mg cadmium, up to 0.05 mg lithium, and 0.05 to 1 mg holmium in a preferred form, halogen and bromine being present in a mol relation of between 0.5 to 2 within the discharge vessel. The excess halogen may be up to about 35 micromol per cubic centimeter of volume of the discharge vessel. The lamp is particularly suitable for optical projection systems, for example for combination with a reflector (13).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hochdruckentladungslampe mit kompakten Abmessungen und einer Wandbelastung größer 100 W/cm2, insbesondere fär optische Systeme, bestehend aus einem Entladungsgefäß aus hochtemperaturfestem lichtdurchlässigem Material als einzigen Kolben, zwei hochtemperaturbeständigen Elektroden sowie einer Füllung aus Quecksilber, mindestens einem Edelgas, Metallhalogeniden und Halogen im Überschuß, wobei als Halogen Jod und/oder Brom vorhanden sind.The invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp with compact dimensions and a wall load greater than 100 W / cm 2 , in particular for optical systems, consisting of a discharge vessel made of high-temperature-resistant, translucent material as a single bulb, two high-temperature-resistant electrodes and a filling of mercury, at least one noble gas, metal halides and Halogen in excess, iodine and / or bromine being present as halogen.

Aus der DE-OS 28 27 844 ist eine mit Gleichstrom betriebene Kurzbogen-Entladungslampe mit einem Kolben bekannt, der eine ionisierbare Füllung aus einem inerten Gas wie Argon und Halogen oder Metallhalogenid, wie beispielsweise Indiumjodid, enthält. Die Entladungslampe weist eine hohe mittlere Leuchtdichte auf. Allerdings beträgt die Lebensdauer der Lampe weniger als 100 Stunden und die Farbstabilität der abgegebenen Strahlung ist für Projektionszwecke nicht ausreichend. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist ihr großer Leuchtdichterückgang, der durch eine starke Abtragung der Kathodenspitze aufgrund des Gleichstrombetriebs verursacht wird.From DE-OS 28 27 844 a DC arc lamp with a bulb is known which contains an ionizable filling of an inert gas such as argon and halogen or metal halide, such as indium iodide. The discharge lamp has a high average luminance. However, the lamp life is less than 100 hours and the color stability of the emitted radiation is not sufficient for projection purposes. Another disadvantage is their large decrease in luminance, which is caused by heavy erosion of the cathode tip due to the DC operation.

Andererseits sind in der DE-PS 19 40 539 und der DE-PS 21 14804 Quecksilberdampf-Hochdruckentladungslampen beschrieben, die Füllungszusätze von Halogeniden der Seltenen Erden, insbesondere, von Dysprosium und/oder Holmium und/oder Thulium enthalten. Die Lampen besitzen eine Lichtausbeute von 90 Im/W oder größer, wobei die Strahlung eine Farbtemperatur von 6000 K und einen Farbwiedergabeindex Ra von 92 hat. Für Projektionswecke und andere optische Systeme, bei denen es auf hohe Leuchtdichten ankommt, sind diese Lampen ungeeignet, da sie keine genügend kompakten Abmessungen mit einem kurzen Lichtbogen aufweisen. Bei Verkleinerung der Abmessungen der Lampe für Projektionszwecke gibt der Kern des Entladungsbogens, der einzig in der Projektion zur Ausleuchtung verwendet wird, bei diesen Lampen eine Strahlung ab, deren Farbwiedergabeindex weit unter 92 liegt und deren Farbtemperatur 6000 K bedeutend überschreitet.On the other hand, DE-PS 19 40 539 and DE-PS 21 14804 describe mercury vapor high-pressure discharge lamps which contain filler additives of rare earth halides, in particular dysprosium and / or holmium and / or thulium. The lamps have a luminous efficacy of 90 Im / W or greater, the radiation having a color temperature of 6000 K and a color rendering index Ra of 92. These lamps are unsuitable for projection purposes and other optical systems where high luminance is important because they do not have sufficiently compact dimensions with a short arc. When the dimensions of the lamp for projection purposes are reduced, the core of the discharge arc, which is used only in the projection for illumination, emits radiation in these lamps whose color rendering index is far below 92 and whose color temperature significantly exceeds 6000 K.

Ziel der Erfindung ist es daher, eine kompakte Hochdruckentladungslampe für den Wechselstrombetrieb zu schaffen, die Strahlung mit einer hohen mittleren Leuchtdichte und einem sehr guten Farbwiedergabeindex erzeugt und gleichzeitig eine größe mittlere Lebensdauer besitzt.The aim of the invention is therefore to provide a compact high-pressure discharge lamp for AC operation which generates radiation with a high average luminance and a very good color rendering index and at the same time has a large average lifespan.

Die Hochdruckentladungslampe mit den im Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs genannten Merkmalen ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Erzielung einer mittleren Leuchtdichte von größer 30 ksb bei einer spezifischen Bogenleistung zwischen 400 und 5000 W/ cm über eine mittlere Lampenlebensdauer von 250 Stunden mit einem Farbwiedergabeindex Ra von mindestens 85 das Entladungsgefäß als Metall für die Halogenidverbindungen Cadmium und Lithium enthält.The high-pressure discharge lamp with the features mentioned in the preamble of the main claim is characterized in that, in order to achieve an average luminance of greater than 30 ksb at a specific arc power between 400 and 5000 W / cm over an average lamp life of 250 hours with a color rendering index Ra of at least 85 contains the discharge vessel as metal for the halide compounds cadmium and lithium.

Unter einer mittleren Lampenlebensdauer ist hierbei eine Zeitdauer zu verstehen, während der die Lichtausbeute der Lampe ohne optisches System um höchstens 15% abnimmt. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß der Lichtausbeute-Rückgang in einem entsprechenden optischen System nach dieser Zeitdauer zwischen 20 und höchstens 45% liegt.An average lamp life is to be understood here as a time period during which the luminous efficacy of the lamp decreases by at most 15% without an optical system. This ensures that the decrease in light yield in a corresponding optical system after this period is between 20 and at most 45%.

Durch die Metalle Cadmium und Lithium erhält die Lampe einen Entladungsbogen mit hoher Farbqualität, wobei der gesamte Bogen einschließlich des Saums eine Strahlung mit "sehr guter" Farbwiedergabe (Ra mindestens 85) erzeugt. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß die für Projektionszwecke verwendete Strahlung des Bogenkerns eine "gute" Farbwiedergabe mit einem Farbwiedergabeindex Ra zwischen 70 und 80 ermöglicht. Das Element Lithium dient dabei im wesentlichen zum Auffüllen des Spektrums im langwelligen, d.h. im roten Wellenlängenbereich der sichtbaren Strahlung.The metals cadmium and lithium give the lamp a discharge arc with high color quality, with the entire arc including the hem producing radiation with "very good" color rendering (Ra at least 85). This ensures that the radiation from the arc core used for projection purposes enables "good" color rendering with a color rendering index Ra between 70 and 80. The element lithium essentially serves to fill up the spectrum in the long-wave, i.e. in the red wavelength range of visible radiation.

Zusätzlich kann das Entladungsgefäß als Metall für die Halogenidverbindungen Holmium enthalten. Aufgrund der Viellinienstrahlung des Holmiums wird eine weitere leichte Verbesserung der Farbwiedergabeeigenschaften der Strahlung erzielt. Dadurch wird auch die Anwendung der Lampe bei der Filmaufnahmebeleuchtung ermöglicht.In addition, the discharge vessel can contain holmium as metal for the halide compounds. Due to the multi-line radiation of the holmium, a further slight improvement in the color rendering properties of the radiation is achieved. This also enables the lamp to be used in film recording lighting.

Beste Ergebnisse bezüglich Leuchtdichte, Farbwiedergabe und Lebensdauer werden erzielt, wenn das Entladungsgefäß pro cm3 seines Volumens zwischen 0,1 und 5,0 mg Cadmium, bis zu 0,05 mg Lithium und zwischen 0,05 und 1,0 mg Holmium enthält. Bei höheren Dosierungen der Metallhalogenide treten Absorptionseffekte auf, die eine Abnahme der Lichtausbeute bewirken. Mit Hilfe des Lithiums läßt sich die Farbtemperatur der Lampe variieren und je nach Verwendungszweck im roten Wellenlängenbereich steuern.The best results in terms of luminance, color rendering and lifetime are achieved if the discharge vessel contains between 0.1 and 5.0 mg cadmium, up to 0.05 mg lithium and between 0.05 and 1.0 mg holmium per cm 3 of its volume. At higher dosages of the metal halides, absorption effects occur, which cause a decrease in the light yield. With the help of lithium, the color temperature of the lamp can be varied and controlled in the red wavelength range depending on the intended use.

Zur Aufrechterhaltung des Halogenkreislaufs sowie zur Einstellung des optimalen Dampfdrucks enthält das Entladungsgefäß Brom und Jod vorzugsweise in einem Molverhältnis zwischen 0,5 und 2. Außerdem weist das Entladungsgefäß pro cm3 seines Volumens einen das stöchiometrische Verhältnis der Verbindungen von Halogenen und Metallen in der Lampe übersteigenden Halogenüberschuß von bis zu 35 µmol auf. Ein nicht funktionierender Kreislauf verursacht eine erhöhte Schwärzung des Entladungsgefäßes und eine starke Wolfram-Abtragung an den Elektroden und reduziert somit die mittlere Lebensdauer der Lampe. Ein nicht optimaler Dampfdruck wiederum ergibt eine zu geringe Leuchtdichte der Lampe. Beste Ergebnisse bezüglich Lebensdauer und Leuchtdichte werden mit einem Molverhältnis von 1:1 bei Brom und Jod erzielt.In order to maintain the halogen cycle and to set the optimum vapor pressure, the discharge vessel preferably contains bromine and iodine in a molar ratio between 0.5 and 2. In addition, the discharge vessel per cm 3 of its volume has a stoichiometric ratio of the compounds of halogens and metals in the lamp Halogen excess of up to 35 µmol. A non-functioning circuit causes an increased blackening of the discharge vessel and a strong removal of tungsten on the electrodes and thus reduces the average lamp life. If the vapor pressure is not optimal, the luminance of the lamp is too low. Best results in terms of service life and luminance are achieved with a molar ratio of 1: 1 for bromine and iodine.

Die Lampe enthält als Grundgas nur Argon, das in der kalten Lampe in einem Druck zwischen 104 und 105 Pa vorliegt. Dadurch ist eine sichere Handhabung der Hochdruckentladungslampe in kaltem Zustand gewährleistet. Der Druck ist andererseits aber so hoch, daß beim Zünden der Lampe ein Abdampfen der Wolfram-Elecktroden und damit eine Schwärzung des Entladungsgefäßes weitgehend unterbunden wird.The lamp contains only argon as the base gas, which is present in the cold lamp at a pressure between 10 4 and 10 5 Pa. This ensures safe handling of the high-pressure discharge lamp when it is cold. On the other hand, the pressure is so high that when the Lamp vaporization of the tungsten electrodes and thus blackening of the discharge vessel is largely prevented.

Das Entladungsgefäß kann außerdem Cäsium zur Bogenstabilisierung enthalten.The discharge vessel can also contain cesium to stabilize the arc.

Die kompakte Hochdruckentladungslampe wird vorteilhaft mit einem fest mit der Lampe verbundenen Reflektor in Projektionssystemen eingesetzt. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Hochdruckentladungslampe ohne fest verbundenen Reflektor in Sonderbeleuchtungssystemen wie z.B. in eng bündelnden Schweinwerfern für die Film- und Bühnenbeleuchtung zu verwenden.The compact high-pressure discharge lamp is advantageously used in projection systems with a reflector firmly connected to the lamp. However, it is also possible to use the high-pressure discharge lamp without a fixed reflector in special lighting systems such as to be used in tightly bundled spotlights for film and stage lighting.

Die Erfindung ist anhand der nachfolgenden Figuren näher veranschaulicht.

  • Figur 1 zeigt eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Hochdruckentladungslampe
  • Figur 2 zeigt ein von einer Lampe gemäß Figur 1 erzeugtes Spektrum
  • Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere in einen Reflektor fest eingebaute erfindungsgemäße Hochdruckentladungslampe
The invention is illustrated in more detail by the following figures.
  • Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a spectrum generated by a lamp according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows a further high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention which is permanently installed in a reflector

In Figur 1 ist eine 400-W-Hochdruckentladungslampe 1 von ca. 5,6 cm Länge dargestellt, wie sie in ein hier nicht dargestelltes Reflektorsystem eingesetzt wird. Das Entladungsgefäß 2 aus Quarzglas mit 0,22 cm Wandstärke besitzt ein Volumen von 0,76 cm3. Die stabförmigen Elektroden 3, 4 sind in einem Abstand von 0,42 cm in den Elektrodenschäften 5, 6 des Entladungsgefäßes 2 gehalten, die eine Länge von ca. 2 cm und einen etwa kreisförmigen Außendurchmesser von ca. 0,8 cm besitzen. Die Elektroden 3, 4 sind über Molybdän-Folien 7, 8, die vakuumdicht in die Elektrodenschäfte 5, 6 eingeschmolzen sind, mit den Stromzuführungen 9, 10 verbunden. Am Übergang der Elektroden 3, 4 zu den Dichtungsfolien 7, 8 sind Freiräume 11, 12 zwischen den Elektroden 3, 4 und dem Glasmantel der Elektrodenschäfte 5, 6 angeordnet, in denen sich abgetragenes Wolfram der Elektroden 3, 4 sowie kondensierte Verunreinigungen aus dem Innern der Lampe sammeln können, so daß eine Schwärzung der für die Lichtabstrahlung wesentlichen Teile des Entladungsgefäßes 2 verhindert wird.FIG. 1 shows a 400 W high-pressure discharge lamp 1 of approximately 5.6 cm in length, as is used in a reflector system, not shown here. The discharge vessel 2 made of quartz glass with a wall thickness of 0.22 cm has a volume of 0.76 cm 3 . The rod-shaped electrodes 3, 4 are held at a distance of 0.42 cm in the electrode shafts 5, 6 of the discharge vessel 2, which have a length of approximately 2 cm and an approximately circular outer diameter of approximately 0.8 cm. The electrodes 3, 4 are connected to the power supply lines 9, 10 via molybdenum foils 7, 8, which are melted vacuum-tight into the electrode shafts 5, 6. At the transition of the electrodes 3, 4 to the sealing foils 7, 8 there are free spaces 11, 12 between the electrodes 3, 4 and the glass jacket of the electrode shafts 5, 6, in which there is worn tungsten of the electrodes 3, 4 as well as condensed impurities from the inside the lamp can collect, so that blackening of the parts of the discharge vessel 2 which are essential for the light radiation is prevented.

Das Entladungsgefäß 2 enthält eine Füllung aus 0,15 mg Ho, 0,18 mg CsBr, 0,10 mg CsJ, 0,10 mg LiBr, 0,07 mg LiJ, 1,80 mg CdJ2, 2,00 mg HgBr2, 0.60 mg HgJ2 sowie 13,1 mg metallisches Hg und Ar mit einem Grundgasdruck von 66,6 kPa. Bei einem Lampenstrom von 7,3 A und einer Lampenspannung von 55 V weist die Hochdruckentladungslampe 1 einen Anfangsnutzlichtstrom von 30 klm mit einer Farbtemperatur von ca. 4500 K auf. In einem Projektionssystem ohne Umlaufblende mit einem 16 mm-Bildfenster und einem 1,2/50 mm-Objektiv lassen sich mit dieser Lampe bis zu 3600 Schirmalen erreichen, wobei die Gleichmäßigkeit der Schirmausleuchtung Emlr/Emlnel nach DIN 15748 bei 0,65 und darüber liegt.The discharge vessel 2 contains a filling of 0.15 mg Ho, 0.18 mg CsBr, 0.10 mg CsJ, 0.10 mg LiBr, 0.07 mg LiJ, 1.80 mg CdJ 2 , 2.00 mg HgBr 2 , 0.60 mg HgJ 2 and 13.1 mg metallic Hg and Ar with a base gas pressure of 66.6 kPa. With a lamp current of 7.3 A and a lamp voltage of 55 V, the high-pressure discharge lamp 1 has an initial useful luminous flux of 30 klm with a color temperature of approximately 4500 K. In a projection system without a rotating screen with a 16 mm image window and a 1.2 / 50 mm lens, this lamp can achieve up to 3600 screens, whereby the uniformity of the screen illumination E mlr / E mlnel according to DIN 15748 at 0.65 and lies above.

In Figur 2 ist die spektrale Strahlstärke einer 400-W-Hochdruckentladungslampe, wie sie in Figur 1 dargestellt ist, in Abhängigkeit von der Wellenlänge im Bereich zwischen 250 und 1000 nm aufgetragen. 100% entsprechen dabei, 0,69 W pro sr und 10 nm.FIG. 2 shows the spectral radiance of a 400 W high-pressure discharge lamp, as shown in FIG. 1, as a function of the wavelength in the range between 250 and 1000 nm. 100% correspond to 0.69 W per sr and 10 nm.

Figur 3 zeigt eine in einem Reflektor 13 fest eingebaute Hochdruckentladungslampe 14 mit einer Leistungsaufnahme von 270 W. Die Lampe 14 liegt dabei mit ihrer Achse in der Achse des Reflektors 13. Während ein Elektronschaft 15 mittels Kitt 16 im Keramiksockel 17 befestigt ist, wird der andere Elektrodenschaft 18 durch gleichzeitig als Stromzuführung dienende Kupferbänder 19 am Keramikabschlußring 20 des Reflektors 13 gehalten. Die Hochdruckentladungslampe 14 besitzt eine Länge von ca, 4,8 cm und ein Entladungsgefäßvolumen von 0,28 cm3. Die Elektroden 21, 22 sind wie bei der oben aufgeführten 400-W-Lampe in einem Abstand von 0,25 cm über vakummdicht eingeschmolzene Molybdänfolien 23, 24 mit den Stromzuführungen 25, 26 verbunden. Ein Stromanschluß 27 ist am Sockel 17, der andere (hier nicht sichtbar) am Abschlußring 20 des Reflektors 13 angebracht.FIG. 3 shows a high-pressure discharge lamp 14 permanently installed in a reflector 13 with a power consumption of 270 W. The lamp 14 lies with its axis in the axis of the reflector 13. While one electron shaft 15 is fastened in the ceramic base 17 by means of cement 16, the other Electrode shaft 18 is held on the ceramic end ring 20 of the reflector 13 by copper strips 19, which also serve as power supply. The high-pressure discharge lamp 14 has a length of approximately 4.8 cm and a discharge vessel volume of 0.28 cm 3 . As in the 400 W lamp listed above, the electrodes 21, 22 are connected to the power supply lines 25, 26 at a distance of 0.25 cm via molybdenum foils 23, 24 which have been sealed in a vacuum-tight manner. One power connection 27 is attached to the base 17, the other (not visible here) to the end ring 20 of the reflector 13.

Die Füllung des Entladungsgefäßes 28 setzt sich aus 0,05 mg Ho, 0,13 mg CsBr, 0,07 mg CsJ, 0,04 mg LiBr, 0,03 mg LiJ, 1,10 mg CdJ2, 1,18 mg HgBr2, 0,25 mg HgJ2 sowie 7,5 mg metallisches Hg und Ar mit einem Grundgasdruck von 66,6 kPa zusammen. Bei einem Lampenstrom von 6 A und einer Lampenspannung von 45 V weist die Hochdruckentladungslampe 14 einen Anfangsnutzlichtstrom von 18 klm mit einer Farbtemperatur von 4500 bis 5000 K auf.The filling of the discharge vessel 28 is composed of 0.05 mg Ho, 0.13 mg CsBr, 0.07 mg CsJ, 0.04 mg LiBr, 0.03 mg LiJ, 1.10 mg CdJ 2 , 1.18 mg HgBr 2 , 0.25 mg HgJ 2 and 7.5 mg metallic Hg and Ar with a base gas pressure of 66.6 kPa together. With a lamp current of 6 A and a lamp voltage of 45 V, the high-pressure discharge lamp 14 has an initial useful luminous flux of 18 klm with a color temperature of 4500 to 5000 K.

Die hohen Nutzlichtströme bei diesen Hochdruckentladungslampen lassen sich insbesondere mit Rechteckbetrieb bei ca. 300 Hz erhalten. Ein solcher Betrieb stellt auch sicher, daß bei Aufnahme- oder Projektionssystemen, die mit einer Umlaufblende arbeiten, keine Flimmereffekte auftreten.The high useful luminous flux in these high-pressure discharge lamps can be obtained in particular with rectangular operation at approx. 300 Hz. Such an operation also ensures that flickering effects do not occur in the case of recording or projection systems which operate with a rotating aperture.

Claims (7)

1. A high pressure discharge lamp (1, 14) of compact dimensions and with a wall loading exceeding 100 W/cm2, in particular for optical systems, comprising a discharge vessel (2, 28) made of a high-temperature-resistant, light-permeable material as single bulb, two high-temperature-resistant electrodes (3, 4; 21, 22) and a filling comprising mercury, at least one noble gas, metal halides and halogen in excess, where iodine and/or bromine is used as halogen, characterised in that in order to achieve a mean luminance exceeding 30 ksb with a specific arc output of between 400 and 5000 W/cm for a mean lamp life duration of 250 hours with a colour reproduction index Ra of at least 85, the discharge vessel (2, 28) contains cadmium and lithium as metals for the halogen compounds.
2. A high pressure discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the discharge vessel (2, 28) also contains holmium as metal for the halide compounds.
3. A high pressure discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that per cm3 of its volume the discharge vessel (2, 28) contains between 0.1 and 5.0 mg cadmium and up to 0.05 mg lithium.
4. A high pressure discharge lamp as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that per cm3 of its volume the discharge vessel (2, 28) contains between 0.05 and 1.0 mg holmium.
5. A high pressure discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the halogens bromine and iodine are contained in the discharge vessel (2, 28) in a molecular ratio of 0.5 to 2.
6. A high pressure discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1 and claim 5, characterised in that per cm3 of its volume the discharge vessel (2, 28) contains a halogen excess of up to 35 pmol which exceeds the stoichiometric ratio of the compounds of halogens and metals in the lamp (1, 14).
7. A high pressure discharge lamp as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that as basic gas the lamp (1, 14) contains only argon which is present in the cold lamp (1, 14) at a pressure of 104 and 105 Pa.
EP86102111A 1985-02-22 1986-02-19 Compact high pressure discharge lamp Expired - Lifetime EP0193086B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86102111T ATE52389T1 (en) 1985-02-22 1986-02-19 COMPACT HIGH-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3506295 1985-02-22
DE19853506295 DE3506295A1 (en) 1985-02-22 1985-02-22 COMPACT HIGH PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP

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EP0193086A2 EP0193086A2 (en) 1986-09-03
EP0193086A3 EP0193086A3 (en) 1988-11-02
EP0193086B1 true EP0193086B1 (en) 1990-05-02

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US (1) US4686419A (en)
EP (1) EP0193086B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61193354A (en)
AT (1) ATE52389T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3506295A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3670925D1 (en) 1990-06-07
ATE52389T1 (en) 1990-05-15
JPH0565976B2 (en) 1993-09-20
EP0193086A3 (en) 1988-11-02
DE3506295A1 (en) 1986-08-28
JPS61193354A (en) 1986-08-27
EP0193086A2 (en) 1986-09-03
US4686419A (en) 1987-08-11

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