EP0192086A1 - Short-circuit protection for a linear power supply - Google Patents

Short-circuit protection for a linear power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0192086A1
EP0192086A1 EP86101081A EP86101081A EP0192086A1 EP 0192086 A1 EP0192086 A1 EP 0192086A1 EP 86101081 A EP86101081 A EP 86101081A EP 86101081 A EP86101081 A EP 86101081A EP 0192086 A1 EP0192086 A1 EP 0192086A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transistor
power supply
short
voltage
circuit
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Granted
Application number
EP86101081A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0192086B1 (en
Inventor
José-Ignacio Rodriguez
Erich Jung
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Deutsche Thomson Brandt GmbH
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Deutsche Thomson Brandt GmbH
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Priority to AT86101081T priority Critical patent/ATE44102T1/en
Publication of EP0192086A1 publication Critical patent/EP0192086A1/en
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Publication of EP0192086B1 publication Critical patent/EP0192086B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/468—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc characterised by reference voltage circuitry, e.g. soft start, remote shutdown
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
    • G05F1/569—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection
    • G05F1/573—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection with overcurrent detector

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a short-circuit-proof power supply that can be switched on electronically at a control terminal.
  • a power supply is required, for example, for the on-screen text (Btx) part of a television receiver.
  • Electronic switch-on is necessary because the power supply unit should only be switched on from the remote control when the screen is in text mode.
  • Known stabilized power supplies generally contain a transistor in the longitudinal path, which is controlled at its base in order to stabilize the output voltage.
  • the collector of another transistor is connected to the base, a reference voltage of - a Zener diode is applied to its emitter and a part of the output voltage is applied to its base as a control variable for stabilization.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a power supply of the type described with simple circuit means so that it can be switched on electronically and is protected against short-circuit at its output.
  • the circuit according to the invention requires only a few components, since the interaction of the components used at the same time ensures electronic activation and protection against a short circuit at the output. Additional short-circuit fuses with thyristors that have been used up to now are not required.
  • the power supply is switched on slowly, also called “soft", because initially in an advantageous manner. the charging capacitor is charged at the output and only then the actual one Power supply is switched on.
  • the power supply unit shown in the figure receives an unstabilized DC voltage of approximately 6.9-7.6 V at input terminal 1.
  • a stabilized DC voltage of + 5 V is present at output terminal 2.
  • the power supply contains a known stabilization circuit with transistors T3 and T4, resistors R5, R6, R7, R8 and Zener diodes D3 and D4.
  • the Zener diode D3 supplies the reference voltage at the emitter of the transistor T4.
  • the control voltage proportional to the output voltage is derived from the tapping of resistors R7, R8 and controls transistor T3 at the base via transistor T4 in the sense of stabilization.
  • the smoothing capacitor C1 and the protective resistor R1 are also connected to input terminal 1.
  • the additional circuit for the electronic switch-on and the short-circuit protection of the power supply consists of the transistors T1, T2, the resistors R2, R3, the capacitor C2 and the diodes D1, D2.
  • a remote control applies a voltage of + 5 V to control terminal 3.
  • the capacitor C2 now charges via the diode D2 and the capacitor C3 discharged up to that point.
  • the diode D2 blocks and thus disconnects the base of the transistor T2 from the charging capacitor C3.
  • the charging capacitor C3 already has a voltage of + 0.6V.
  • the power supply is initially switched off by the transistors T1 and T3.
  • the charging current for the capacitor C2 now continues to flow via the base / emitter path of the transistor T2 and the diode D1.
  • the transistor T2 thereby becomes conductive and generates a base current at the transistor T1.
  • the transistor T1 also becomes conductive, that is, it switches fully through, so that the entire control circuit shown begins to work with the transistors T3, T4. There is now a stabilized voltage of + 5V at output terminal 2.
  • the cathode of diode D2 is connected to earth, so that diode D2 conducts and the forward voltage of diode D2 of approximately 0.6 V is at the base of transistor T2.
  • the transistor T2 is conducting, however, would have the necessary for switching the base / E-emitter voltage and the forward voltage of the diode D1 to be overcome.
  • the sum of the last two voltages is greater than 0.6V.
  • the transistor T2 is therefore blocked.
  • the base of the transistor T1 is then no longer activated, so that the transistor T1 blocks and the control circuit with the transistors T3, T4 no longer receives any voltage.
  • the voltage at the output terminal 2 then breaks down as desired, so that the short circuit does not endanger components.
  • the device When the short circuit has been eliminated, the device is switched on as described. It is advantageous with this circuit that when the transistor T1 is switched on and thus the control circuit is started, the charging capacitor C3 is already open a voltage of + 0.6V is charged. If the capacitor C3 were discharged at this point in time, the circuit would immediately register a short circuit at the output and switch it off again when it was switched on.
  • the charging processes described result in a desired smooth switching on of the voltage at terminal 2 with a certain delay.
  • the switch-off effected with the transistor T1 can also take place with the transistor T3, so that the transistor T1 could then be saved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A short-circuit protected mains supply unit, especially for the screen-text component of a television receiver. A conventionally controlled unit is expanded in accordance with the invention with only a few components (T1 and T2) in such a way that it can be turned on electronically and its output is protected against short circuits.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein kurzschlußfestes Netzteil, das an einer Steuerklemme elektronisch einschaltbar ist. Ein solches Netzteil wird zum Beispiel benötigt für den Bildschirmtext-(Btx)-Teil eines Fernsehempfängers. Die elektronische Einschaltung ist deshalb notwendig, weil das Netzteil nur bei Bil!dschirmtext-Betrieb von der Fernbedienung aus eingeschaltet werden soll.The invention relates to a short-circuit-proof power supply that can be switched on electronically at a control terminal. Such a power supply is required, for example, for the on-screen text (Btx) part of a television receiver. Electronic switch-on is necessary because the power supply unit should only be switched on from the remote control when the screen is in text mode.

Bekannte stabilisierte Netzteile enthalten im allgemeinen im Längsweg einen Transistor, der an seiner Basis im Sinne einer Stabilisierung der Ausgangsspannung gesteuert wird. An die Basis ist dabei der Kollektor eines weiteren Transistors angeschlossen, an dessen Emitter eine Referenzspannung von - einer Zenerdiode und an dessen Basis ein Teil der Ausgangsspannung als Regelgröße für die Stabilisierung angelegt sind.Known stabilized power supplies generally contain a transistor in the longitudinal path, which is controlled at its base in order to stabilize the output voltage. The collector of another transistor is connected to the base, a reference voltage of - a Zener diode is applied to its emitter and a part of the output voltage is applied to its base as a control variable for stabilization.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Netzteil der beschriebenen Art mit einfachen Schaltungsmitteln so auszubilden, daß es elektronisch einschaltbar und gegen Kurzschluß an seinem Ausgang geschützt ist.The invention has for its object to provide a power supply of the type described with simple circuit means so that it can be switched on electronically and is protected against short-circuit at its output.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Anspruch 1 beschrieben Erfindung gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.This object is achieved by the invention described in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltung erfordert nur wenige Bauteile, da das Zusammenwirken der verwendeten Bauteile zugleich die elektronische Einschaltung als auch den Schutz gegen einen Kurzschluß am Ausgang gewährleitstet. Bislang verwendete zusätzliche Kurzschlußsicherungen mit Thyristoren werden nicht benötigt. Die Einschaltung des Netzteiles erfolgt langsam, auch "weich" genannt,weil in vorteilhafter Weise zunächst . der Ladekondensator am Ausgang geladen und erst danach das eigentliche Netzteil eingeschaltet wird.The circuit according to the invention requires only a few components, since the interaction of the components used at the same time ensures electronic activation and protection against a short circuit at the output. Additional short-circuit fuses with thyristors that have been used up to now are not required. The power supply is switched on slowly, also called "soft", because initially in an advantageous manner. the charging capacitor is charged at the output and only then the actual one Power supply is switched on.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Das in der Fig. dargestellte Netzteil empfängt an der Eingangsklemme 1 eine nicht stabilisierte Gleichspannung von etwa 6,9 - 7,6 V. An der Ausgangsklemme 2 steht eine stabilisierte Gleichspannung von +5V. Das Netzteil enthält eine bekannte Stabilisierungsschaltung mit den Transistoren T3 und T4, den Widerständen R5,R6,R7,R8 sowie den Zenerdioden D3 und D4. Die Zenerdiode D3 liefert die Referenzspannnung am Emitter des Transistors T4. Vom Abgriff der Widerstände R7,R8 wird die zur Ausgangsspannung proportionale Regelspannung abgeleitet, die über den Transistor T4 im Sinne einer Stabilisierung den Transistor T3 an der Basis steuert. An die Eingangsklemme 1 sind noch der.Glättungskondensator C1 und der Schutzwiderstand R1 angeschlossen.An embodiment of the invention is explained with reference to the drawing. The power supply unit shown in the figure receives an unstabilized DC voltage of approximately 6.9-7.6 V at input terminal 1. A stabilized DC voltage of + 5 V is present at output terminal 2. The power supply contains a known stabilization circuit with transistors T3 and T4, resistors R5, R6, R7, R8 and Zener diodes D3 and D4. The Zener diode D3 supplies the reference voltage at the emitter of the transistor T4. The control voltage proportional to the output voltage is derived from the tapping of resistors R7, R8 and controls transistor T3 at the base via transistor T4 in the sense of stabilization. The smoothing capacitor C1 and the protective resistor R1 are also connected to input terminal 1.

Die zusätzliche Schaltung für die elektronische Einschaltung und die Kurzschlußsicherung des Netzteils besteht aus den Transistoren T1,T2, den Widerständen R2,R3, dem Kondensator C2 und den Dioden D1,D2.The additional circuit for the electronic switch-on and the short-circuit protection of the power supply consists of the transistors T1, T2, the resistors R2, R3, the capacitor C2 and the diodes D1, D2.

Die Wirkungsweise dieser Schaltung ist folgende:

  • An der Steuerklemme 3 steht im ausgeschalteten Zustand des Netzteils eine Spannung von null Volt. Der Transistor T2 ist dadurch gesperrt. Er führt somit keinen Kollektorstrom, so daß auch der Transistor T1 keinen Basisstrom erhält und gesperrt ist. Dadurch ist die Eingangsklemme 1 von dem Transistor T3 getrennt. Das gesamte Netzteil arbeitet also nicht.
This circuit works as follows:
  • A voltage of zero volts is present at control terminal 3 when the power supply is switched off. The transistor T2 is blocked. It therefore does not carry a collector current, so that transistor T1 also receives no base current and is blocked. As a result, the input terminal 1 is separated from the transistor T3. So the entire power supply does not work.

Zum Einschalten des Netzteils, z.B. bei Inbetriebnahme einer vom Netzteil gespeisten Bildschirmtext-Einheit, wird von einer Fernbedienung an die Steuerklemme 3 eine Spannung von + 5 V angelegt. Der Kondensator C2 lädt sich jetzt über die Diode D2 und den bis dahin entladenen Kondensator C3 auf. Wenn der Kondensator C3 auf einen Bruchteil der endgültigen Betriebsspannung von 5V, ca 0,6V, geladen ist, sperrt die Diode D2 und trennt somit die Basis des Transistors T2 vom Ladekondensator C3. Der Ladekondensator C3 hat jetzt bereits eine Spannung von + 0,6V. Das Netzteil ist jedoch zunächst noch durch die Transistoren Tl und T3 abgeschaltet. Der Ladestrom für den Kondensator C2 fließt jetzt weiter über die Basis/Emitter-Strecke des Transistors T2 und die Diode D1. Der Transistor T2 wird dadurch leitend und erzeugt einen Basisstrom am Transistor Tl. Der Transistor T1 wird ebenfalls leitend, schaltet also voll durch, so daß die gesamte dargestellte Regelschaltung mit den Transistoren T3,T4 zu arbeiten beginnt. An der Ausgangsklemme 2 steht jetzt eine stabilisierte Spannung von + 5V.To switch on the power supply, for example when starting up a screen text unit powered by the power supply, a remote control applies a voltage of + 5 V to control terminal 3. The capacitor C2 now charges via the diode D2 and the capacitor C3 discharged up to that point. When the capacitor C3 is charged to a fraction of the final operating voltage of 5V, approximately 0.6V, the diode D2 blocks and thus disconnects the base of the transistor T2 from the charging capacitor C3. The charging capacitor C3 already has a voltage of + 0.6V. However, the power supply is initially switched off by the transistors T1 and T3. The charging current for the capacitor C2 now continues to flow via the base / emitter path of the transistor T2 and the diode D1. The transistor T2 thereby becomes conductive and generates a base current at the transistor T1. The transistor T1 also becomes conductive, that is, it switches fully through, so that the entire control circuit shown begins to work with the transistors T3, T4. There is now a stabilized voltage of + 5V at output terminal 2.

Wenn an der Klemme 2 ein Kurzschluß auftritt, liegt die Kathode der Diode D2 an Erde, so daß die Diode D2 leitet und an der Basis des Transistors T2 die Flußspannung der Diode D2 von etwa 0,6V steht. Damit der Transistor T2 leitet, müßten jedoch die zum Durchschalten notwendige Basis/Emitter-Spannung und die Flußspannung der Diode D1 überwunden werden. Die Summe der beiden letzten Spannungen ist jedoch größer als 0,6V. Der Transistor T2 wird daher gesperrt. Die Basis des Transistors T1 ist dann nicht mehr angesteuert, so daß der Transistor T1 sperrt und die Regelschaltung mit den Transistoren T3,T4 keine Spannung mehr bekommt. Die Spannung an der Ausgangsklemme 2 bricht dann in erwünschter Weise zusammen, so daß der Kurzschluß keine Gefährdung von Bauteilen bewirkt.If a short circuit occurs at terminal 2, the cathode of diode D2 is connected to earth, so that diode D2 conducts and the forward voltage of diode D2 of approximately 0.6 V is at the base of transistor T2. Thus, the transistor T2 is conducting, however, would have the necessary for switching the base / E-emitter voltage and the forward voltage of the diode D1 to be overcome. However, the sum of the last two voltages is greater than 0.6V. The transistor T2 is therefore blocked. The base of the transistor T1 is then no longer activated, so that the transistor T1 blocks and the control circuit with the transistors T3, T4 no longer receives any voltage. The voltage at the output terminal 2 then breaks down as desired, so that the short circuit does not endanger components.

Wenn der Kurzschluß beseitigt ist, erfolgt das Einschalten in der beschriebenen Weise. Vorteilhaft ist bei dieser Schaltung, daß beim Durchschalten des Transistors T1 und somit Inbetriebnahme der Regelschaltung der Ladekondensator C3 bereits auf eine Spannung von + 0,6V aufgeladen ist. Wäre der Kondensator C3 in diesem Zeitpunkt entladen, würde die Schaltung beim Einschalten sofort einen Kurzschluß am Ausgang registrieren und wieder abschalten.When the short circuit has been eliminated, the device is switched on as described. It is advantageous with this circuit that when the transistor T1 is switched on and thus the control circuit is started, the charging capacitor C3 is already open a voltage of + 0.6V is charged. If the capacitor C3 were discharged at this point in time, the circuit would immediately register a short circuit at the output and switch it off again when it was switched on.

Durch die beschriebenen Ladevorgänge ergibt sich ein erwünschtes weiches Einschalten der Spannung an der Klemme 2 mit einer gewissen Verzögerung.The charging processes described result in a desired smooth switching on of the voltage at terminal 2 with a certain delay.

Bei einem praktisch erprobten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Fig. hatten die einzelnen Bauteile folgende Werte:

Figure imgb0001
In a practically tested embodiment according to the figure, the individual components had the following values:
Figure imgb0001

Grundsätzlich kann die mit dem Transistor T1 bewirkte Abschaltung auch mit dem Transistor T3 erfolgen, so daß dann der Transistor T1 eingespart werden könnte.In principle, the switch-off effected with the transistor T1 can also take place with the transistor T3, so that the transistor T1 could then be saved.

Claims (4)

1. Kurzschlußfestes Netzteil, insbesondere für einen Fernsehempfänger, das an einer Steuerklemme elektronisch einschaltbar ist, im Längsweg einen ersten Transistor enthält und an einem Ladekondensator eine Gleichspannung liefert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Basis des ersten Transistors (T1) und Erde die Kollektor/Emitter-Strecke eines zweiten Transistors (T2) liegt, dessen Basis mit der Steuerklemme (3) und über eine Diode (D2) mit dem Ladekondensator (C3) verbunden ist.1. Short-circuit-proof power supply, in particular for a television receiver, which can be switched on electronically at a control terminal, contains a first transistor in the longitudinal path and supplies a DC voltage to a charging capacitor, characterized in that between the base of the first transistor (T1) and earth the collector / Emitter path of a second transistor (T2) is located, the base of which is connected to the control terminal (3) and via a diode (D2) to the charging capacitor (C3). 2. Netzteil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem zweiten Transistor (T2) und Erde eine Diode (D1) liegt.2. Power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that between the second transistor (T2) and earth is a diode (D1). 3. Netzteil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Steuerklemme (3) und der Basis des zweiten Transistors (T2) ein RC-Glied (R2,C2) liegt.3. Power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that between the control terminal (3) and the base of the second transistor (T2) is an RC element (R2, C2). 4. Netzteil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Transistor ein im Strom-Längsweg liegender, von der Ausgangsspannung geregelter und zur Stabilisierung der Ausgangsspannung dienender Transistor (T3) ist.4. Power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that the first transistor is located in the current longitudinal path from the Output voltage is regulated and serves to stabilize the output voltage transistor (T3).
EP86101081A 1985-02-21 1986-01-28 Short-circuit protection for a linear power supply Expired EP0192086B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86101081T ATE44102T1 (en) 1985-02-21 1986-01-28 SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION OF A LINEAR POWER SUPPLY.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853505986 DE3505986A1 (en) 1985-02-21 1985-02-21 SHORT-CIRCUIT-RESISTANT POWER SUPPLY, IN PARTICULAR FOR A TELEVISION RECEIVER
DE3505986 1985-02-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0192086A1 true EP0192086A1 (en) 1986-08-27
EP0192086B1 EP0192086B1 (en) 1989-06-14

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EP86101081A Expired EP0192086B1 (en) 1985-02-21 1986-01-28 Short-circuit protection for a linear power supply

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US4677519A (en)
EP (1) EP0192086B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61240309A (en)
AT (1) ATE44102T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3505986A1 (en)
HK (1) HK79990A (en)
SG (1) SG65490G (en)

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JP2672951B2 (en) * 1987-10-20 1997-11-05 株式会社芝浦製作所 Switching drive circuit
EP0374288B1 (en) * 1988-12-21 1994-10-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Integrated circuit diminishing the inverse current of an inversely polarized transistor
JPH02183817A (en) * 1989-01-11 1990-07-18 Toshiba Corp Power unit
JPH03107724U (en) * 1990-02-19 1991-11-06
KR0150118B1 (en) * 1995-06-02 1998-10-15 김광호 Surge noise preventing device
CN100349346C (en) * 2002-06-10 2007-11-14 广达电脑股份有限公司 Auto-power-off electrical source protecting equipment
AU2002950581A0 (en) * 2002-08-02 2002-09-12 Wayne Callen Electrical safety circuit
CN107168436A (en) * 2017-06-20 2017-09-15 合肥威艾尔智能技术有限公司 A kind of dual voltage-stabilized power supply circuit adjusted based on two close cycles

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DE1588103A1 (en) * 1967-06-02 1970-05-14 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Fast electronic short-circuit protection
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JPS56127214A (en) * 1980-03-11 1981-10-05 Toshiba Corp Power supply circuit
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Title
ELECTRONIC DESIGN, Band 18, Nr. 8, 12. April 1970, Seite 105, Rochelle Park, US; D.E. O'N WADDINGTON: "Diode protects power supply from short circuits" *
IBM TECHNICAL DISCLOSURE BULLETIN, Band 23, Nr. 8, Januar 1981, Seiten 3655-3656, New York, US; H. KOZAK: "Dual voltage regulator" *
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 7, Nr. 290 (P-245) [1435], 24. Dezember 1983; & JP - A - 58 163 028 (MATSUSHITA DENKI SANGYO K.K.) 27-09-1983 *

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DE3505986A1 (en) 1986-08-21
DE3664009D1 (en) 1989-07-20
SG65490G (en) 1990-12-21
HK79990A (en) 1990-10-12
ATE44102T1 (en) 1989-06-15
EP0192086B1 (en) 1989-06-14
US4677519A (en) 1987-06-30
JPS61240309A (en) 1986-10-25

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