EP0187592B1 - Process and device for smelting light metals - Google Patents

Process and device for smelting light metals Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0187592B1
EP0187592B1 EP85402533A EP85402533A EP0187592B1 EP 0187592 B1 EP0187592 B1 EP 0187592B1 EP 85402533 A EP85402533 A EP 85402533A EP 85402533 A EP85402533 A EP 85402533A EP 0187592 B1 EP0187592 B1 EP 0187592B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
burner
holding
combustion
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85402533A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0187592A1 (en
Inventor
Raymond Louis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Engie SA
Original Assignee
Gaz de France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gaz de France SA filed Critical Gaz de France SA
Priority to AT85402533T priority Critical patent/ATE40742T1/en
Publication of EP0187592A1 publication Critical patent/EP0187592A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0187592B1 publication Critical patent/EP0187592B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/14—Charging or discharging liquid or molten material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/04—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces of multiple-hearth type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of hearth-type furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/26—Arrangements of heat-exchange apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/901—Scrap metal preheating or melting

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a method and a device for melting and maintaining fusion of charges of light metal alloys.
  • Ovens are known in the art comprising a loading chamber in which the melting of a light metal charge takes place, the loading chamber communicating with a chamber placed at a lower level in which the keeping in fusion of the bath and racking. These ovens are used in particular for the fusion of light metals and the casting of new parts.
  • the subject of the invention is a method and a device for the improved melting of charges of light metal alloys.
  • the oven constructed according to the invention is in particular of improved compactness and thermal efficiency compared to known similar devices.
  • the process according to the invention for melting and maintaining fusion of charges of light metal alloys is of the type using an oven comprising a first loading chamber placed at a higher level in which the fusion takes place, communicating by a passage forming a channel with a second chamber placed at a lower level in which the bath is kept in fusion and its drawing off, each chamber comprising an independent burner and the oven comprising a common chimney for evacuating combustion fumes after those produced in the second chamber have penetrated, through said communiction passage, into the first chamber and have mixed with the combustion fumes produced in this first chamber.
  • the method is characterized in that it is carried out in the furnace, at the bottom of the first chamber and preferably under the bottom of this first chamber where the flue gases leaving the combustion chamber emerge before their evacuation. from this same chamber, a heat exchange between said combustion fumes and the combustion air used for at least one of the burners.
  • a particularly compact construction is obtained, as well as a significantly improved thermal efficiency, due to the heat exchange with the combustion products from the two burners, before their exhaust to the chimney.
  • a maximum heating efficiency of the charge to be melted is obtained and the process of melting the charge which is entirely placed in the heat flow directed in the axial plane of the chamber is accelerated.
  • the holding burner is placed in said lower retaining and withdrawing chamber towards the ceiling of said chamber, said burner being of the flat flame type.
  • said burner being of the flat flame type.
  • the invention also relates to a device for implementing the aforementioned method, characterized in that said oven comprises two adjacent chambers, one of which is disposed at a level higher than the other, respectively forming an upper loading-melting chamber and lower holding-withdrawal chamber, and a heat exchanger between the combustion air and the combustion fumes, placed substantially under the bottom of the upper chamber and next to the internal side wall of the lower chamber.
  • the device shown as a whole 1 essentially comprises an upper loading-melting chamber 2 communicating through a narrow passage in the form of a channel 4 with a lower retaining-drawing-off chamber 3. Below the chamber upper 2 is formed a volume 5 of smoke circulation in which is mounted a heat recovery heat exchanger 6 in "thimble".
  • the holding-racking chamber 3 communicates outside with two lateral augets 7 of drawing.
  • a gas burner 8 is provided, placed substantially at one end of the chamber 2 in the median axis of this chamber.
  • the burner heats the charge 9 over its entire length, and more towards its end close to the burner which is also close to the channel 4 for communication with the lower chamber 3.
  • the chamber 3 for keeping the bath in fusion is heated by a burner 10 of the radiant flat flame type 11 mounted towards the ceiling of said chamber 3, as it is clearly shown in FIG. 2.
  • the combustion products from the lower chamber 3 pass through the channel 4, enter the loading chamber 2 where they mix languish with the products of combustion produced by the burner 8.
  • the products of combustion in chamber 2 first rise from the bottom of the chamber to be sucked towards the upper part by a reverse circuit duct 12 communicating with volume 5 formed under the bottom of chamber 2 and against the side wall of chamber 3. They exit at the other end of volume 5 via the chimney duct 13 communicating with volume 5 by an opening 14.
  • the heat recovery device 6 as a thermowell is formed by an internal duct 15 into which cold air is admitted at 16 and which is housed inside a slightly longer and larger diameter duct 17 which l 'surrounded.
  • the hot air is brought through a pipe 18 to the burner 8, and also advantageously to the burner 10, so that the combustion air is preheated in exchange for heat with the products of combustion before they escape to the chimney.
  • the construction is particularly compact, and the compactness is used to reduce heat loss to the outside and improve the efficiency of the recuperator 5, 6. It can be seen in FIG. 3 that the volume 5 is adjacent to the median vertical plane 19 of the construction on which the passage 4 is located.
  • the bottom of the chamber 3 and the bottom of the volume 5 are in the same plane and form the support sole of the entire device.
  • the cover 30 is moved horizontally which simply comes to rest on the loading chamber 2, and the cover is replaced before the installation is started up.
  • the slightly inclined bottom 21 of the chamber 2 guides the fusion products to the channel 4 of reduced section communicating with the chamber 3, which prevents unmelted metallic charges falling into the chamber 3.
  • the buckets 7 are normally closed by a cover (not shown) which limits heat loss and slows down oxidation. The cover is removed when you want to draw molten charge.
  • the charge was melted in 45 minutes.
  • the combustion efficiency of the burners was 72%, and the heating efficiency of 55%.
  • the implementation of the device is done as follows.
  • the metal to be melted, in the form of ingots, returns and the like, is loaded into chamber 2 from which the cover 20 has been removed. After replacing the cover, the burner 8 is lit. The metal melts, preheats and flows in the vicinity of its liquefaction temperature towards the holding chamber 3.
  • the combustion products having served to melt and preheat the charge circulate in the volume 5 before leaving through the chimney 13 and therefore ensure the preheating of the combustion air of the burner.
  • a new charge is introduced into the melting cell 2.
  • the burner 8 is not lit and only the burner 10, now in operation, is operated. the bath 22.
  • the combustion products from chamber 3 escape through chamber 2 then through volume 5 and finally to the chimney, serving to preheat the charge to melt and also the combustion air in the exchanger- recuperator 6.
  • the burner is only lit if the level of bath 22 drops too low.
  • the modules constituting the three juxtaposed volumes of the chamber 2, of the chamber 3 and of the volume 5 are advantageously formed of a refractory concrete with surrounding of a steel wall.
  • the cover 20 can be made of fibrous refractory material for sealing reasons.
  • L 2.85 m
  • width 1 2 m
  • height (cover removed) h 1.30 m.
  • the dimensions of the installation can be increased if it is desired to increase the capacity of the unit.

Abstract

The invention pertains to a process and a device for the melting and holding in the molten state light metal alloy loads. There are provided two chambers respectively referred to as the loading-melting chamber and the holding-tapping chamber, interconnected by a channel with reduced section. The loading-melting chamber is placed at a level which is above that of the other chamber and a space under the loading-melting chamber houses a heat exchanger for heating the combustion air by combustion products.

Description

L'invention a pour objet un procédé et un dispositif pour la fusion et le maintien en fusion de charges d'alliages de métaux légers.The subject of the invention is a method and a device for melting and maintaining fusion of charges of light metal alloys.

On connaît dans la technique des fours comprenant une chambre de chargement dans laquelle s'effectue la fusion d'une charge de métaux légers, la chambre de chargement communiquant avec une chambre placée à un niveau inférieur dans laquelle s'effectue le maintien en fusion du bain et son soutirage. Ces fours sont notamment utilisés pour la fusion de métaux légers et la coulée de nouvelles pièces.Ovens are known in the art comprising a loading chamber in which the melting of a light metal charge takes place, the loading chamber communicating with a chamber placed at a lower level in which the keeping in fusion of the bath and racking. These ovens are used in particular for the fusion of light metals and the casting of new parts.

Le problème qui se pose avec ce genre d'installation est qu'il s'agit d'unités relativement petites, dont le fonctionnement doit être aussi simple et fiable que possible, et le rendement aussi bon que possible.The problem with this kind of installation is that these are relatively small units, the operation of which should be as simple and reliable as possible, and the performance as good as possible.

L'invention a pour objet un procédé et un dispositif pour la fusion améliorée de charges d'alliages de métaux légers. Le four construit, selon l'invention, est en particulier d'une compacité et d'un rendement thermique améliorés par rapport aux dispositifs similaires connus.The subject of the invention is a method and a device for the improved melting of charges of light metal alloys. The oven constructed according to the invention is in particular of improved compactness and thermal efficiency compared to known similar devices.

Le procédé conforme à l'invention pour la fusion et le maintien en fusion de charges d'alliages de métaux légers est du type utilisant un four comprenant une première chambre de chargement placée à un niveau supérieur dans laquelle s'effectue la fusion, communiquant par un passage formant rigole avec une deuxième chambre placée à un niveau inférieur dans laquelle s'effectue le maintien en fusion du bain et son soutirage, chaque chambre comprenant un brûleur indépendant et le four comportant une cheminée commune d'évacuation des fumées de combustion après que celles produites dans la deuxième chambre aient pénétré, par ledit passage de communiction, dans la première chambre et se soient mélangées avec les fumées de combustion produites dans cette première chambre. Selon l'invention, le procédé se caractérise en ce qu'on effectue dans le four, au niveau du fond de la première chambre et de préférence sous le fond de cette première chambre où débouchent avant leur évacuation à la cheminée les fumées de combustion sortant de cette même chambre, un échange de chaleur entre lesdites fumées de combustion et l'air de combustion utilisé pour l'un au moins des brûleurs. De cette façon, on obtient à la fois une construction particulièrement compacte, et un rendement thermique notablement amélioré, du fait de l'échange thermique avec les produits de combustion provenant des deux brûleurs, avant leur échappement à la cheminée.The process according to the invention for melting and maintaining fusion of charges of light metal alloys is of the type using an oven comprising a first loading chamber placed at a higher level in which the fusion takes place, communicating by a passage forming a channel with a second chamber placed at a lower level in which the bath is kept in fusion and its drawing off, each chamber comprising an independent burner and the oven comprising a common chimney for evacuating combustion fumes after those produced in the second chamber have penetrated, through said communiction passage, into the first chamber and have mixed with the combustion fumes produced in this first chamber. According to the invention, the method is characterized in that it is carried out in the furnace, at the bottom of the first chamber and preferably under the bottom of this first chamber where the flue gases leaving the combustion chamber emerge before their evacuation. from this same chamber, a heat exchange between said combustion fumes and the combustion air used for at least one of the burners. In this way, a particularly compact construction is obtained, as well as a significantly improved thermal efficiency, due to the heat exchange with the combustion products from the two burners, before their exhaust to the chimney.

Selon une autre caractéristique du procédé de l'invention, on prévoit un chargement complet de la première chambre avec les produits à fondre, on dispose le brûleur dans ladite chambre de chargement sensiblement à une extrémité axiale de ladite chambre, le brûleur étant dirigé vers l'autre extrémité, et on ne ménage en un point bas de ladite chambre de chargement qu'un passage de communication de section réduite avec la chambre inférieure. De cette façon, on obtient un rendement maximal de chauffage de la charge à fondre et on accélère le processus de mise en fusion de la charge qui est tout entière placée dans le flux de chaleur dirigé dans la plan axial de la chambre.According to another characteristic of the process of the invention, provision is made for complete loading of the first chamber with the products to be melted, the burner is placed in said loading chamber substantially at an axial end of said chamber, the burner being directed towards the 'other end, and is cleaned at a low point of said loading chamber that a communication passage of reduced section with the lower chamber. In this way, a maximum heating efficiency of the charge to be melted is obtained and the process of melting the charge which is entirely placed in the heat flow directed in the axial plane of the chamber is accelerated.

Selon une autre caractéristique du procédé de l'invention, on place dans ladite chambre inférieure de maintien et de soutirage le brûleur de maintien vers le plafond de ladite chambre, ledit brûleur étant du type à flamme plate radiante. De cette façon, on obtient un maintien en fusion du bain dans les meilleures conditions en réduisant le brassage du bain et la formation de produits d'oxydation.According to another characteristic of the method of the invention, the holding burner is placed in said lower retaining and withdrawing chamber towards the ceiling of said chamber, said burner being of the flat flame type. In this way, the bath is kept in fusion under the best conditions by reducing the stirring of the bath and the formation of oxidation products.

L'invention concerne également un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé précité, caractérisé en ce que ledit four comprend deux chambres adjacentes dont l'une est disposée à un niveau supérieure à l'autre, formant respectivement chambre supérieure de chargement-fusion et chambre inférieure de maintien-soutirage, et un échangeur de chaleur entre l'air de combustion et les fumées de combustion, placé sensiblement sous le fond de la chambre supérieure et à côté de la paroi latérale interne de la chambre inférieure.The invention also relates to a device for implementing the aforementioned method, characterized in that said oven comprises two adjacent chambers, one of which is disposed at a level higher than the other, respectively forming an upper loading-melting chamber and lower holding-withdrawal chamber, and a heat exchanger between the combustion air and the combustion fumes, placed substantially under the bottom of the upper chamber and next to the internal side wall of the lower chamber.

L'invention et sa mise en oeuvre apparaîtront plus clairement à l'aide de la description qui va suivre faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • - la figure 1 montre, en vue perspective avec arrachement, l'ensemble d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention,
  • - la figure 2 est une vue semblable à celle de la figure 1, mais vue de l'autre côté dans le sens de la flèche Il de la figure 1,
  • - la figure 3 est une vue par dessus de l'installation illustrant l'implantation respective des deux chambres.
The invention and its implementation will appear more clearly with the aid of the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 shows, in perspective view with cutaway, the assembly of a device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1, but seen from the other side in the direction of the arrow II in FIG. 1,
  • - Figure 3 is a top view of the installation illustrating the respective layout of the two chambers.

En se reportant aux dessins, le dispositif représenté dans son ensemble 1 comprend, essentiellement, une chambre supérieure 2 de chargement-fusion communiquant par un passage étroit en forme de rigole 4 avec une chambre inférieure de maintien-soutirage 3. En dessous de la chambre supérieure 2 est formé un volume 5 de circulation des fumées dans lequel est monté un échangeur de chaleur récupérateur 6 en "doigt de gant". La chambre de maintien-soutirage 3 communique à l'extérieur avec deux auguets latéraux 7 de puisage.Referring to the drawings, the device shown as a whole 1 essentially comprises an upper loading-melting chamber 2 communicating through a narrow passage in the form of a channel 4 with a lower retaining-drawing-off chamber 3. Below the chamber upper 2 is formed a volume 5 of smoke circulation in which is mounted a heat recovery heat exchanger 6 in "thimble". The holding-racking chamber 3 communicates outside with two lateral augets 7 of drawing.

Pour le chauffage de la chambre 2 de chargement-fusion est prévu un brûleur 8 à gaz placé sensiblement à une extrémité de la chambre 2 dans l'axe médian de cette chambre. Ainsi le brûleur chauffe la charge 9 sur toute sa longueur, et davantage vers son extrémité voisine du brûleur qui est également voisine de la rigole 4 de communication avec la chambre inférieure 3.For the heating of the loading-melting chamber 2, a gas burner 8 is provided, placed substantially at one end of the chamber 2 in the median axis of this chamber. Thus the burner heats the charge 9 over its entire length, and more towards its end close to the burner which is also close to the channel 4 for communication with the lower chamber 3.

La chambre 3 de maintien en fusion du bain est chauffée par un brûleur 10 du type à flamme plate radiante 11 montée vers le plafond de ladite chambre 3, comme il apparaît clairement à la figure 2.The chamber 3 for keeping the bath in fusion is heated by a burner 10 of the radiant flat flame type 11 mounted towards the ceiling of said chamber 3, as it is clearly shown in FIG. 2.

La circulation des gaz de combustion se fait comme indiqué par les diverses flèches aux figures 1 et 2.The circulation of the combustion gases takes place as indicated by the various arrows in Figures 1 and 2.

Les produits de combustion provenant de la chambre inférieure 3 empruntent la rigole 4, pénètrent dans la chambre de chargement 2 où ils se mé- langent aux produits de la combustion produits par le brûleur 8. Comme il apparaît plus clairement à la figure 1, les produits de combustion dans la chambre 2 s'élèvent d'abord du fond de la chambre pour être aspirés vers la partie supérieure par un conduit en circuit inversé 12 communiquant avec le volume 5 ménagé sous le fond de la chambre 2 et contre la paroi latérale de la chambre 3. Ils sortent à l'autre extrémité du volume 5 par le conduit de cheminée 13 communiquant avec le volume 5 par une ouverture 14.The combustion products from the lower chamber 3 pass through the channel 4, enter the loading chamber 2 where they mix languish with the products of combustion produced by the burner 8. As can be seen more clearly in FIG. 1, the products of combustion in chamber 2 first rise from the bottom of the chamber to be sucked towards the upper part by a reverse circuit duct 12 communicating with volume 5 formed under the bottom of chamber 2 and against the side wall of chamber 3. They exit at the other end of volume 5 via the chimney duct 13 communicating with volume 5 by an opening 14.

Le récupérateur de chaleur 6 en doigt de gant est formé par un conduit intérieur 15 dans lequel l'air froid est admis en 16 et qui est logé à l'intérieur d'un conduit un peu plus long et de plus grand diamètre 17 qui l'entoure. L'air chaud est amené par un conduit 18 au brûleur 8, et également avantageusement au brûleur 10, de sorte que l'air de combustion est préchauffé en échange de chaleur avec les produits de la combustion avant leur échappement à la cheminée.The heat recovery device 6 as a thermowell is formed by an internal duct 15 into which cold air is admitted at 16 and which is housed inside a slightly longer and larger diameter duct 17 which l 'surrounded. The hot air is brought through a pipe 18 to the burner 8, and also advantageously to the burner 10, so that the combustion air is preheated in exchange for heat with the products of combustion before they escape to the chimney.

Comme il apparaît clairement des figures, la construction est particulièrement compacte, et la compacité est mise à profit pour réduire les pertes de chaleur vers l'extérieur et améliorer le rendement du récupérateur 5, 6. On note sur la figure 3 que le volume 5 est adjacent au plan vertical médian 19 de la construction sur lequel se trouve à cheval le passage 4.As is clear from the figures, the construction is particularly compact, and the compactness is used to reduce heat loss to the outside and improve the efficiency of the recuperator 5, 6. It can be seen in FIG. 3 that the volume 5 is adjacent to the median vertical plane 19 of the construction on which the passage 4 is located.

Dans la position d'utilisation, le fond de la chambre 3 et le fond du volume 5 sont dans un même plan et forment semelle d'appui de l'ensemble du dispositif.In the position of use, the bottom of the chamber 3 and the bottom of the volume 5 are in the same plane and form the support sole of the entire device.

Pour le chargement du four par la charge 9, on déplace horizontalement le couvercle 30 qui vient simplement reposer sur la chambre de chargement 2, et l'on remet le couvercle avant mise en route de l'installation.For the loading of the furnace by the load 9, the cover 30 is moved horizontally which simply comes to rest on the loading chamber 2, and the cover is replaced before the installation is started up.

Le fond légèrement incliné 21 de la chambre 2 guide les produits de fusion vers la rigole 4 de section réduite communiquant avec la chambre 3, ce qui évite que des charges métalliques non fondues tombent dans la chambre 3. Les augets 7 sont normalement obturés par un couvercle (non représenté) qui limite les déperditions de chaleur et ralentit l'oxydation. Le couvercle est retiré lorsqu'on veut puiser de la charge fondue.The slightly inclined bottom 21 of the chamber 2 guides the fusion products to the channel 4 of reduced section communicating with the chamber 3, which prevents unmelted metallic charges falling into the chamber 3. The buckets 7 are normally closed by a cover (not shown) which limits heat loss and slows down oxidation. The cover is removed when you want to draw molten charge.

Dans un exemple de réalisation correspondant à la fusion d'une charge d'aluminium et pour une capacité de 675 kg, on réalisait la fusion de la charge en 45 minutes. Le rendement de combustion des brûleurs était de 72%, et le rendement de chauffage de 55%.In an exemplary embodiment corresponding to the melting of an aluminum charge and for a capacity of 675 kg, the charge was melted in 45 minutes. The combustion efficiency of the burners was 72%, and the heating efficiency of 55%.

La mise en oeuvre du dispositif se fait de la manière suivante.The implementation of the device is done as follows.

Le métal à fondre, sous forme de lingots, retours et autres, est chargé dans la chambre 2 dont le couvercle 20 a été retiré. Après remise en place du couvercle, le brûleur 8 est allumé. Le métal fond, se préchauffe et s'écoule au voisinage de sa température de liquéfaction vers l'enceinte de maintien 3.The metal to be melted, in the form of ingots, returns and the like, is loaded into chamber 2 from which the cover 20 has been removed. After replacing the cover, the burner 8 is lit. The metal melts, preheats and flows in the vicinity of its liquefaction temperature towards the holding chamber 3.

Les produits de combustion ayant servi à fondre et à préchauffer la charge, circulent dans le volume 5 avant de sortir par la cheminée 13 et assurent donc le préchauffage de l'air de combustion du brûleur.The combustion products having served to melt and preheat the charge, circulate in the volume 5 before leaving through the chimney 13 and therefore ensure the preheating of the combustion air of the burner.

Une nouvelle charge est introduite dans la cellule de fusion 2. Tant que la quantité du bain fondu 22 dans la chambre 3 est suffisante, on n'allume pas le brûleur 8 et l'on ne fait fonctionner que le brûleur 10, maintenant en fusion le bain 22. Les produits de combustion issus de la chambre 3 s'échappent par la chambre 2 puis par le volume 5 et enfin à la cheminée, servant à préchauffer la charge à fondre et également l'air de combustion dans l'échangeur-récupérateur 6. Le brûleur n'est allumé que si le niveau du bain 22 descend trop bas.A new charge is introduced into the melting cell 2. As long as the quantity of the molten bath 22 in the chamber 3 is sufficient, the burner 8 is not lit and only the burner 10, now in operation, is operated. the bath 22. The combustion products from chamber 3 escape through chamber 2 then through volume 5 and finally to the chimney, serving to preheat the charge to melt and also the combustion air in the exchanger- recuperator 6. The burner is only lit if the level of bath 22 drops too low.

Du fait de la forme et de l'implantation particulière du brûleur 10, on réduit le brassage du bain fondu 22 et on limite les phénomènes néfastes d'oxydation, ainsi que ceux de gazage résultant d'un brassage trop important du bain.Due to the shape and the particular location of the burner 10, the stirring of the molten bath 22 is reduced and the harmful oxidation phenomena are limited, as well as those of gassing resulting from too much stirring of the bath.

Pour des alliages d'aluminium, l'expérience a montré que la consommation spécifique du four était seulement de l'ordre de 570 kWh/t (kilowatt heure par tonne).For aluminum alloys, experience has shown that the specific consumption of the furnace was only around 570 kWh / t (kilowatt hour per ton).

Pour la réalisation pratique de la construction, les modules constituant les trois volumes juxtaposés de la chambre 2, de la chambre 3 et du volume 5 sont avantageusement formés en un béton réfractaire avec entourage d'une paroi en acier. Le couvercle 20 peut être réalisé en matériau réfractaire fibreux pour des questions d'étanchéité.For the practical realization of the construction, the modules constituting the three juxtaposed volumes of the chamber 2, of the chamber 3 and of the volume 5 are advantageously formed of a refractory concrete with surrounding of a steel wall. The cover 20 can be made of fibrous refractory material for sealing reasons.

Dans l'exemple décrit, l'ensemble avait une longueur hors tout L = 2,85 m, une largeur hors tout 1 = 2 m et une hauteur (couvercle enlevé) h = 1,30 m. Bien entendu, les dimensions de l'installation peuvent être accrues si l'on désire augmenter la capacité de l'unité.In the example described, the assembly had an overall length L = 2.85 m, an overall width 1 = 2 m and a height (cover removed) h = 1.30 m. Of course, the dimensions of the installation can be increased if it is desired to increase the capacity of the unit.

Claims (9)

1. Process for the smelting and holding in a molten condition of charges of light metal allows using a furnace comprising a first charging chamber (2) located at an upper level in which the smelting is carried out and which communicates via a passage (4) forming a channel with a second chamber (3) located at a lower level in which the holding of the bath in the molten condition and its drawing off are effected, each chamber comprising an independent burner and the furnace comprising a common chimney (13) for evacuating the combustion fumes after those produced in the second chamber (3) have penetrated through the said communication passage (4) into the first chamber (2) and have been mixed with the combustion fumes produced in this same first chamber, characterised in that an exchange of heat between the said combustion fumes and the combustion air used for one at least of the burners is effected in the furnace at the bottom of the first chamber and for preference under the bottom of this first chamber, where the combustion fumes leaving this same chamber (2) give out before their evacuation at the chimney.
2. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that a complete charging of the first upper chamber (2) with the products to be smelted is effected, the burner (8) is disposed in the said charging chamber substantially at an axial end of the said chamber, the burner being directed towards the other end and only one passage (4) of reduced section for communicating with the lower chamber (3) is arranged at a low point of the said charging chamber.
3. Process according to claim 2 characterised in that the said passage (4) is located towards the end where the burner (8) is fitted.
4. Process according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the above-mentioned holding burner (10) is located in the said holding and drawing off lower chamber (3) towards the ceiling of the said chamber, the said burner being of the radiant flat flame type.
5. Apparatus for the application of the process of any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the said furnace comprises two adjacent chambers, of which one is disposed at a higher level than the other forming respectively a charging-smelting upper chamber (2) and a holding-drawing off lower chamber (3) and a heat exchanger (6) between the combustion air and the combustion fumes located substantially under the bottom of the upper chamber (2) and beside the internal lateral wall of the lower chamber (3).
6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterised in that the said exchanger (6) is of the "glove finger" type which is housed in a space (5) for the circulation of the fumes which connects the outlet of the upper chamber (2) with the conduit (13) for evacuating the fumes.
7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that the said chambers are staggered vertically in relation to each other, the said passage (4) connecting the two chambers (2, 3) being located substantially in an astride arrangement on a common vertical plane (19) connecting the two chambers.
8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterised in that the base of the furnace which is substantially flat comprises the bottom of the lower chamber (3) and the bottom of the said space (5) containing the "glove finger" exchanger (6).
9. Apparatus according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterised in that the lower chamber (3) communicates towards the outside via one or two lateral channels (7) as known in itself.
EP85402533A 1984-12-20 1985-12-18 Process and device for smelting light metals Expired EP0187592B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85402533T ATE40742T1 (en) 1984-12-20 1985-12-18 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR LIGHT METAL MELTING.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8419543A FR2575278B1 (en) 1984-12-20 1984-12-20 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MELTING LIGHT METALS
FR8419543 1984-12-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0187592A1 EP0187592A1 (en) 1986-07-16
EP0187592B1 true EP0187592B1 (en) 1989-02-08

Family

ID=9310827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85402533A Expired EP0187592B1 (en) 1984-12-20 1985-12-18 Process and device for smelting light metals

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4712774A (en)
EP (1) EP0187592B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0633948B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE40742T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1258377A (en)
DE (1) DE3568217D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8702636A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2575278B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH033572Y2 (en) * 1986-10-17 1991-01-30
JPH06309557A (en) * 1993-04-22 1994-11-04 Towa Metsukusu Kk Electronic cash register and bar code table
US6113670A (en) * 1998-04-03 2000-09-05 Thermtronix Corporation Twin chamber combustion furnace
ES2272151B1 (en) 2005-02-07 2008-02-01 Luis Angel Moreno Garcia TELESCOPIC COLUMN FOR LIGHTING POSTS.

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752235A (en) * 1952-05-27 1956-06-26 Ethel M Burke Method and apparatus for making steel
US3276758A (en) * 1963-04-24 1966-10-04 North American Aviation Inc Metal melting furnace system
US3186830A (en) * 1963-05-20 1965-06-01 William H Moore Melting process
US4021192A (en) * 1975-12-22 1977-05-03 Reynolds Metals Company Furnace system for and method of melting and preheating metal
US4010935A (en) * 1975-12-22 1977-03-08 Alumax Inc. High efficiency aluminum scrap melter and process therefor
CA1207143A (en) * 1982-01-21 1986-07-08 Roy Fisher Metal melting furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0187592A1 (en) 1986-07-16
DE3568217D1 (en) 1989-03-16
US4712774A (en) 1987-12-15
ATE40742T1 (en) 1989-02-15
JPH0633948B2 (en) 1994-05-02
ES8702636A1 (en) 1987-01-01
FR2575278A1 (en) 1986-06-27
FR2575278B1 (en) 1987-02-06
ES550217A0 (en) 1987-01-01
JPS61184386A (en) 1986-08-18
CA1258377A (en) 1989-08-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0462898B1 (en) Process and installation for smelting of a charge in a furnace
AU754969B2 (en) Melting/retaining furnace for aluminum ingot
TW200606384A (en) Metal melting furnace
JPH0369975B2 (en)
EP0187592B1 (en) Process and device for smelting light metals
US4824364A (en) Non-ferrous metal smelting furnace
EP0649477B1 (en) Electric furnace for melting scrap iron
US4781581A (en) Melting and holding furnace
US6113670A (en) Twin chamber combustion furnace
JP3111330U (en) Molten metal holding furnace
FR2604777A1 (en) METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE CIRCULATION CONFIGURATIONS OF COMBUSTION GASES IN A HEATING ENCLOSURE
JPS5851192B2 (en) Method and apparatus for melting metals and their alloys
SU1157326A1 (en) Two-chamber reverberatory furnace for melting non-ferrous metals
US4439145A (en) Aluminum furnace and preheater therefor
EP0916435B1 (en) Casting furnace for automatic molding
US1125090A (en) Metal-melting furnace or retort.
US742018A (en) Reducing-furnace.
FR2692971A1 (en) Furnace for melting and maintaining a metal in a molten state - comprising a hearth for storing the metal charge, and electric heating system to melt and maintain charge in molten state
BE448232A (en)
BE700106A (en)
JPH10323750A (en) Ladle
Chouinard A QUICK MELTING UNIT FOR NON-FERROUS METALS
BE356253A (en)
BE561565A (en)
JPH10281667A (en) Melting furnace having scrap preheating vessel

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19861128

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19871105

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 40742

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19890215

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3568217

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19890316

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: ING. C. CORRADINI & C. S.R.L.

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
ITTA It: last paid annual fee
EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 85402533.5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20001127

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20001128

Year of fee payment: 16

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20001128

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20001129

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20001201

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20001206

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20001207

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20010122

Year of fee payment: 16

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011218

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011218

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011218

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011219

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011231

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011231

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011231

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: GAZ DE FRANCE

Effective date: 20011231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020702

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 85402533.5

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20011218

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20020701