EP0187055B1 - Polarised electromagnetic relay with magnetic latching for a trip device of a circuit breaker - Google Patents

Polarised electromagnetic relay with magnetic latching for a trip device of a circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0187055B1
EP0187055B1 EP85402117A EP85402117A EP0187055B1 EP 0187055 B1 EP0187055 B1 EP 0187055B1 EP 85402117 A EP85402117 A EP 85402117A EP 85402117 A EP85402117 A EP 85402117A EP 0187055 B1 EP0187055 B1 EP 0187055B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
flange
flux
frame
diverter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85402117A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0187055A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Schueller
Michel Bonniau
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Merlin Gerin SA
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Merlin Gerin SA
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Publication date
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Priority to AT85402117T priority Critical patent/ATE44631T1/en
Publication of EP0187055A1 publication Critical patent/EP0187055A1/en
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Publication of EP0187055B1 publication Critical patent/EP0187055B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/321—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H01H71/322—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements with plunger type armature

Definitions

  • the return spring of the movable armature can be arranged outside the magnetic circuit, and the axial length of the coil is less than that of the permanent magnet.
  • the high reluctance of the magnetic circuit in the hooking position of the armature requires a large control flow which increases the tripping energy of the coil.
  • the return spring of the armature is incorporated in the relay, and the magnetic circuit also has a high reluctance in the position in which the relay is hooked.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to enable the production of a tripping relay with high sensitivity and reduced bulk.
  • the relay according to the invention is characterized in that the second flange of the magnetic circuit is equipped with a fixed internal machon of tubular shape made of ferromagnetic material, extending parallel in an annular space formed coaxially between the sheath and the armature mobile, the latter being separated from said sleeve by a second radial air gap remaining uniform during the translational movement of the armature, and that the distance of axial overlap of the armature by the sleeve in the position of attachment of the relay is greater than l 'thickness of the second flange and / or that of the cylinder head.
  • the presence of the ferromagnetic sleeve around the armature decreases the reluctance of the magnetic circuit resulting in a reduction in the control flow of the coil. This results in an increase in the sensitivity of the relay and a decrease in the tripping energy.
  • means for guiding in axial translation of the movable assembly determine a predetermined radial clearance with the movable frame, the thickness of said clearance being less than that of the second radial air gap arranged between the sleeve and the frame.
  • the means for guiding the armature may be constituted either by an annular collar coming from molding with the insulating sheath of the coil, or by a non-magnetic sleeve, in particular made of brass, interposed axially between the sleeve and the shunt.
  • the shunt is saturable, and extends radially in a direction parallel to the first flange to come into contact with the internal lateral surface of the cylinder head, the thickness of said shunt in its narrowest part being less than the thickness of the permanent magnet and / or that of the cylinder head.
  • the return spring is of the compression type and the armature is provided with an axial blind hole for housing a part of said spring, the latter passing through the annular shunt and permanent magnet bearing on its opposite end on a central boss of the first flange.
  • the external radius of the annular permanent magnet is greater than its thickness, the latter corresponding to the axial distance separating the first flange and the shunt.
  • the axial length occupied by the coil is at least more than half the total length of the relay.
  • the dimensions of the magnet, the shunt and the coil can of course be modified according to the triggering characteristics.
  • an electromagnetic high-sensitivity tripping relay 10 for an electrical circuit breaker comprises a fixed magnetic circuit 12 polarized by a permanent magnet 14 and cooperating with a sliding armature 16 associated with an actuating member 18.
  • the circuit magnetic 12 is formed by a ferromagnetic yoke 20 in the form of a cylindrical shell closed at its opposite ends by a pair of disc flanges 22, 24.
  • the permanent magnet 14 with axial magnetization is housed inside the yoke 20 and has an annular shape with coplanar front surfaces of opposite polarities coming into contact respectively with the internal wall of the first flange 22 and one of the parallel faces d a shunt 26 for distributing the magnetic flux.
  • the two flanges 22, 24 and the shunt 26 are made of ferromagnetic material and the external radius of the permanent magnet 14 is greater than its thickness corresponding to the axial distance separating the first flange 22 from the shunt 26.
  • the latter extends radially towards the internal lateral surface of the cylinder head 20 and comprises an annular extension 28 cooperating with the movable frame 16 of cylindrical shape.
  • a control coil 30 is mounted coaxially in a cylindrical sheath 32 of insulating material, inside the cylinder head 20, extending axially between the shunt 26 and the second flange 24.
  • the movable frame 16 is formed by a core plunger mounted with alternating axial sliding inside the cylindrical sheath 32 between a first hooking position and a second tripping position.
  • the core of the frame 16 is provided with a blind axial hole 34 for housing a return spring 36 of the compression type supported by its opposite end on a central boss 38 of the first flange 22.
  • the spring 36 passes through axially the permanent magnet 14 and the shunt 26, and biases the armature 16 movable towards the second release position. During its detent movement towards the triggering position, the spring 36 is guided in translation by the cylindrical wall of the hole 34.
  • the actuating member 18 is provided with a striker or tubular pusher fitted on an axial extension 40 of the armature 16 and intended to cooperate with a lock (not shown) of a mechanism, respectively when triggered by excitation of the coil 30, and during a resetting of the relay 10 causing the return of the armature 16 to the first hooking position.
  • the actuating member 18 is made of plastic insulating material and passes axially through a circular opening 42 formed in the second flange 24.
  • the frame 16 moves in a first variable axial air gap (d), which is zero when the frame 16 is glued against the extension 28 of the shunt 26, and maximum when the frame 16 is in the tripping position.
  • the frame 16 and the actuating member 18 constitute the movable assembly cooperating with guide means in axial translation formed on the one hand by an annular flange 44, arranged around the frame 16, said flange 44 coming from molding with the fixed sleeve 32 for supporting the coil 30, and on the other hand by the circular opening 42 of the flange 24 serving as bearing for the striker 18.
  • the second flange 24 is equipped with an internal tubular sleeve 46 made of ferromagnetic material, extending up to the collar 44 in an annular space delimited radially by the cylindrical sheath 32 and the frame 16.
  • the sleeve 46 coaxially surrounds the frame 16 with interposition of a second predetermined radial air gap (j1) whose thickness is greater than the guide clearance (j2) arranged between the flange 44 and the frame 16.
  • This difference in ribs between the air gap j1 and the clearance j2 is essential to maintain the uniformity of the radial j1 air gap during the translation of the moving assembly in the axial direction, and to avoid any magnetic attraction against the sleeve 46 liable to oppose the free sliding of the frame 16.
  • a radial lug 48 of the insulating sheath 32 projects from a notch 50 in the cylinder head 20 and serves simultaneously as a member for blocking the rotation of the coil 30, and as a connection support for the wires 52, 54 for connecting the coil 30
  • An elastic strip 56 of curved shape is interposed between one of the front faces of the coil 30 and the second flange 24 to ensure the automatic take-up of the axial play when the various constituent elements of the relay 10 are stacked. elastic comes directly from molding with the insulating sheath 32 of the coil 30.
  • the insulating actuating member 18 can have any shape depending on the structure of the trip unit lock, and / or the size of the circuit breaker.
  • the thickness of the shunt 26 in its narrowest part located around the extension 28 is less than the thickness (12) of the yoke 20 and that of the magnet 14.
  • the axial length of the coil 30 is very large with respect to the thickness of the permanent magnet 14.
  • the interstice of the second radial air gap (j1) is less than the thickness (11) of the second flange 24.
  • the coil 30 In the triggered position of the movable frame 16, the coil 30 is not supplied, and all of the flux generated by the permanent magnet 14 circulates in the narrowed part of the shunt 26, a portion of the yoke 20, arranged coaxially around of the magnet 14, and the first flange 22.
  • the shunt 26 is saturated, and no flux circulates in the rest of the magnetic circuit 12.
  • the movable armature 16 moves in translation in the first axial gap (d), and abuts against the pole surface of the extension 28 of the shunt 26.
  • the spring 36 is then in the compressed state.
  • the flux of the permanent magnet 14 is divided into two elementary fluxes ⁇ s and ⁇ u (see fig.
  • the magnetic flux ⁇ C of the coil 30 is opposed in the axial air gap (d) to the flux of polarization ⁇ U of the permanent magnet 14, and weakens the force of attraction of the armature 16.
  • the armature 16 is driven upwards, up to the triggering position in which the striker 18 causes the mechanism to be unlocked.
  • the path of the control flow ⁇ C (see fig.
  • the coaxial arrangement of the tubular sleeve 46 around the frame 16 determines a large section causing a minimum reluctance of the magnetic circuit 12.
  • the ferromagnetic sleeve 46 In the armed position, the ferromagnetic sleeve 46 axially covers the frame 16 over a predetermined distance, the length L is greater than the thickness (11) of the second flange 24 as well as that (12) of the yoke 20.
  • the low reluctance of the magnetic circuit 12 due to the presence of the tubular sleeve 46 requires a control flow ⁇ C of low value allowing an increase in the sensitivity of the relay 10, and a decrease in the triggering energy of the coil 30.
  • the means for guiding in axial translation of the movable armature 16 comprise a non-magnetic sleeve 144, in particular made of brass, mounted coaxially inside the sheath 32 while being interposed between the sleeve 46 and the shunt 126.
  • the radial clearance ( j2) between the sleeve 144 and the frame 16 remains below the radial air gap (j1) formed between the sleeve 46 and the frame 16.
  • the shunt 126 is separated radially from the lateral surface of the cylinder head 20 by an interval ( e2) whose dimension is greater than the thickness (12) of the yoke 20, and the radial distance (e1) between the permanent magnet 14 and the yoke 20. All the other parts of the relay 100 are similar to those of fig. 1 and are assigned the same reference numbers.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a polarized electromagnetic relay with magnetic latching and sliding armature. The magnetic circuit comprises a tubular frame enclosed by two flanges (22, 24), a permanent magnet (14) with axial magnetization fitted between one (22) of the flanges and a flux-diverter (26), and a cylindrical trip coil (30) mounted on a bushing inside the frame (20). The other flange (24) is fitted with a tubular sleeve (46) made of ferromagnetic material coaxially surrounding a part of the moving armature (16) with a uniform radial air gap (jl) interposed. The axial overlapping distance (L) of the armature (16) by the sleeve (46) in the latched position of the relay (10) is greater than the thickness (11) of the flange (24) and/or than that of the frame (20).

Description

L'invention est relative à un relais électromagnétique polarisé à accrochage magnétique, notamment d'un dispositif de déclenchement de disjoncteur électrique, comportant :

  • - un circuit magnétique fixe en matériau ferromagnétique comprenant une culasse tubulaire reliée à ses extrémités opposées à un premier et un deuxième flasques parallèles, s'étendant perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal de la culasse,
  • - un aimant permanent annulaire à aimantation axiale dont les surfaces frontales coplanaires de polarités opposées viennent en contact respectivement avec la paroi interne du premier flasque et l'une des faces d'un shunt de répartition du flux magnétique,
  • - une armature mobile montée à coulissement axial selon la direction de l'axe longitudinal entre une position d'accrochage et une position de déclenchement, ladite armature étant sollicitée en position de déclenchement par un ressort de rappel et se trouvant en position d'accrochage collée contre le shunt par la force d'attraction magnétique de l'aimant permanent d'intensité supérieure à la force antagoniste du ressort de rappel,
  • - un organe d'actionnement associé à l'armature et traversant axialement une ouverture du deuxième flasque, l'ensemble armature et organe d'actionnement formant l'équipage mobile du relais,
  • - un premier entrefer axial correspondant à l'intervalle entre le shunt et l'armature mobile,
  • - une bobine fixe de commande montée coaxialement sur un fourreau isolant à l'intérieur de la culasse en entourant l'armature mobile et en s'étendant axialement entre le shunt et le deuxième flasque, l'excitation de ladite bobine engendrant dans le circuit magnétique un flux magnétique de commande qui s'oppose dans le premier entrefer au flux de polarisation de l'aimant permanent, de manière à libérer l'armature et à autoriser son déplacement de la position d'accrochage vers la position de déclenchement sous l'action du ressort de rappel.
The invention relates to a polarized electromagnetic relay with magnetic latching, in particular of an electric circuit breaker trip device, comprising:
  • a fixed magnetic circuit made of ferromagnetic material comprising a tubular yoke connected at its opposite ends to a first and a second parallel flanges, extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the yoke,
  • an annular permanent magnet with axial magnetization, the coplanar front surfaces of opposite polarities come into contact respectively with the internal wall of the first flange and one of the faces of a shunt for distributing the magnetic flux,
  • - a movable frame mounted to slide axially in the direction of the longitudinal axis between a latching position and a triggering position, said frame being biased in the triggering position by a return spring and being in the glued latching position against the shunt by the magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet of intensity greater than the antagonistic force of the return spring,
  • an actuating member associated with the armature and passing axially through an opening in the second flange, the armature assembly and actuating member forming the moving assembly of the relay,
  • - a first axial air gap corresponding to the interval between the shunt and the movable frame,
  • a fixed control coil mounted coaxially on an insulating sheath inside the cylinder head, surrounding the movable armature and extending axially between the shunt and the second flange, the excitation of said coil generating in the magnetic circuit a magnetic control flux which opposes in the first air gap the polarization flux of the permanent magnet, so as to release the armature and to allow its displacement from the hooking position towards the triggering position under the action of the return spring.

Selon un dispositif connu du genre mentionné, le ressort de rappel de l'armature mobile peut être disposé à l'extérieur du circuit magnétique, et la longueur axiale de la bobine est inférieure à celle de l'aimant permanent. La forte réluctance du circuit magnétique en position d'accrochage de l'armature nécessite un flux de commande important qui augmente l'énergie de déclenchement de la bobine.According to a known device of the kind mentioned, the return spring of the movable armature can be arranged outside the magnetic circuit, and the axial length of the coil is less than that of the permanent magnet. The high reluctance of the magnetic circuit in the hooking position of the armature requires a large control flow which increases the tripping energy of the coil.

Dans le document FR-A 2412160, le ressort de rappel de l'armature, est incorporé dans le relais, et le circuit magnétique présente également une réluctance élevée en position d'accrochage du relais.In document FR-A 2412160, the return spring of the armature is incorporated in the relay, and the magnetic circuit also has a high reluctance in the position in which the relay is hooked.

L'utilisation de tels relais dans un déclencheur à propre courant est dépendante d'un signal de déclenchement de forte valeur obtenue soit par amplification, soit par des capteurs de courant plus importants.The use of such relays in a trigger with own current is dependent on a trigger signal of high value obtained either by amplification, or by larger current sensors.

L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et de permettre la réalisation d'un relais de déclenchement à haute sensibilité et à encombrement réduit.The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to enable the production of a tripping relay with high sensitivity and reduced bulk.

Le relais selon l'invention est caractérisé par le fait que le deuxième flasque du circuit magnétique est équipé d'un machon interne fixe de forme tubulaire en matériau ferromagnétique, s'étendant parallèlement dans un espace annulaire ménagé coaxialement entre le fourreau et l'armature mobile, cette dernière étant séparée dudit manchon par un deuxième entrefer radial restant uniforme durant le déplacement en translation de l'armature, et que la distance de recouvrement axial de l'armature par le manchon en position d'accrochage du relais est supérieure à l'épaisseur du deuxième flasque et/ou à celle de la culasse.The relay according to the invention is characterized in that the second flange of the magnetic circuit is equipped with a fixed internal machon of tubular shape made of ferromagnetic material, extending parallel in an annular space formed coaxially between the sheath and the armature mobile, the latter being separated from said sleeve by a second radial air gap remaining uniform during the translational movement of the armature, and that the distance of axial overlap of the armature by the sleeve in the position of attachment of the relay is greater than l 'thickness of the second flange and / or that of the cylinder head.

La présence du manchon ferromagnétique autour de l'armature diminue la réluctance du circuit magnétique entraînant une réduction du flux de commande de la bobine. Il en résulte une augmentation de la sensibilité du relais et une diminution de l'énergie de déclenchement.The presence of the ferromagnetic sleeve around the armature decreases the reluctance of the magnetic circuit resulting in a reduction in the control flow of the coil. This results in an increase in the sensitivity of the relay and a decrease in the tripping energy.

Selon un développement de l'invention, des moyens de guidage en translation axiale de l'équipage mobile déterminent un jeu radial prédéterminé avec l'armature mobile, l'épaisseur dudit jeu étant inférieure à celle du deuxième entrefer radial agencé entre le manchon et l'armature.According to a development of the invention, means for guiding in axial translation of the movable assembly determine a predetermined radial clearance with the movable frame, the thickness of said clearance being less than that of the second radial air gap arranged between the sleeve and the frame.

Cette différence de côtes entre le jeu de guidage et le deuxième entrefer radial est indispensable pour conserver l'uniformité dudit entrefer lors de la translation de l'armature mobile. Les moyens de guidage de l'armature peuvent être constitués soit par une collerette annulaire venant de moulage avec le fourreau isolant de la bobine, soit par une douille amagnétique, notamment en laiton, intercalée axialement entre le manchon et le shunt.This difference in ribs between the guide clearance and the second radial air gap is essential to maintain the uniformity of said air gap during translation of the movable frame. The means for guiding the armature may be constituted either by an annular collar coming from molding with the insulating sheath of the coil, or by a non-magnetic sleeve, in particular made of brass, interposed axially between the sleeve and the shunt.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le shunt est saturable, et s'étend radialement selon une direction parallèle au premier flasque pour venir en contact avec la surface latérale interne de la culasse, l'épaisseur dudit shunt dans sa partie la plus étroite étant inférieure à l'épaisseur de l'aimant permanent et/ou à celle de la culasse.According to a characteristic of the invention, the shunt is saturable, and extends radially in a direction parallel to the first flange to come into contact with the internal lateral surface of the cylinder head, the thickness of said shunt in its narrowest part being less than the thickness of the permanent magnet and / or that of the cylinder head.

Le ressort de rappel est du type à compression et 1'armature est pourvue d'un trou borgne axial pour le logement d'une partie dudit ressort, ce dernier traversant le shunt et l'aimant permanent annulaires en prenant appui par son extrémité opposée sur un bossage central du premier flasque.The return spring is of the compression type and the armature is provided with an axial blind hole for housing a part of said spring, the latter passing through the annular shunt and permanent magnet bearing on its opposite end on a central boss of the first flange.

Le rayon extérieur de l'aimant permanent annulaire est supérieur à son épaisseur, cette dernière correspondant à la distance axiale séparant le premier flasque et le shunt. La longueur axiale occupée par la bobine est au moins supérieure à la moitié de la longueur totale du relais.The external radius of the annular permanent magnet is greater than its thickness, the latter corresponding to the axial distance separating the first flange and the shunt. The axial length occupied by the coil is at least more than half the total length of the relay.

Les dimensions de l'aimant, du shunt et de la bobine peuvent bien entendu être modifiées en fonction des caractéristiques de déclenchement.The dimensions of the magnet, the shunt and the coil can of course be modified according to the triggering characteristics.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre de deux modes de réalisation de l'invention, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et représentés aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en coupe axiale d'un relais selon l'invention, représenté en position de réarmement;
  • - la figure 2 est une vue partielle en coupe selon la ligne II-II de la fig. 1;
  • - la figure 3 montre une vue identique à celle de la fig. 1 d'une variante de réalisation, le relais étant représenté en position de déclenchement.
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of two embodiments of the invention, given by way of nonlimiting examples and represented in the appended drawings, in which:
  • - Figure 1 is an axial sectional view of a relay according to the invention, shown in the reset position;
  • - Figure 2 is a partial sectional view along line II-II of FIG. 1;
  • - Figure 3 shows a view identical to that of FIG. 1 of an alternative embodiment, the relay being shown in the tripping position.

En référence aux figures 1 et 2, un relais 10 électromagnétique de déclenchement à haute sensibilité pour disjoncteur électrique comporte un circuit magnétique 12 fixe polarisé par un aimant permanent 14 et coopérant avec une armature 16 coulissante associée à un organe d'actionnement 18. Le circuit magnétique 12 est formé par une culasse 20 ferromagnétique en forme de coquille cylindrique fermée à ses extrémités opposées par une paire de flasques 22, 24 discoïdaux. L'aimant permanent 14 à aimantation axiale est logé à l'intérieur de la culasse 20 et présente une forme annulaire à surfaces frontales coplanaires de polarités opposées venant en contact respectivement avec la paroi interne du premier flasque 22 et l'une des faces parallèles d'un shunt 26 de répartition du flux magnétique.With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, an electromagnetic high-sensitivity tripping relay 10 for an electrical circuit breaker comprises a fixed magnetic circuit 12 polarized by a permanent magnet 14 and cooperating with a sliding armature 16 associated with an actuating member 18. The circuit magnetic 12 is formed by a ferromagnetic yoke 20 in the form of a cylindrical shell closed at its opposite ends by a pair of disc flanges 22, 24. The permanent magnet 14 with axial magnetization is housed inside the yoke 20 and has an annular shape with coplanar front surfaces of opposite polarities coming into contact respectively with the internal wall of the first flange 22 and one of the parallel faces d a shunt 26 for distributing the magnetic flux.

Les deux flasques 22, 24 et le shunt 26 sont en matériau ferromagnétique et le rayon extérieur de l'aimant permanent 14 est supérieur à son épaisseur correspondant à la distance axiale séparant le premier flasque 22 du shunt 26. Ce dernier s'étend radialement vers la surface latérale interne de la culasse 20 et comprend une extension 28 annulaire coopérant avec l'armature 16 mobile de forme cylindrique.The two flanges 22, 24 and the shunt 26 are made of ferromagnetic material and the external radius of the permanent magnet 14 is greater than its thickness corresponding to the axial distance separating the first flange 22 from the shunt 26. The latter extends radially towards the internal lateral surface of the cylinder head 20 and comprises an annular extension 28 cooperating with the movable frame 16 of cylindrical shape.

Une bobine 30 de commande est montée coaxialement dans un fourreau 32 cylindrique en matériau isolant, à l'intérieur de la culasse 20 en s'étendant axialement entre le shunt 26 et le deuxième flasque 24. L'armature 16 mobile est formée par un noyau plongeur monté à coulissement axial alterné à à l'intérieur du fourreau 32 cylindrique entre une première position d'accrochage et une deuxième position de dèclenchement. Le noyau de l'armature 16 est pourvu d'un trou 34 axial borgne pour le logement d'un ressort 36 de rappel du type à compression prenant appui par son extrémité opposée sur un bossage 38 central du premier flasque 22. Le ressort 36 traverse axialement l'aimant permanent 14 et le shunt 26, et sollicite l'armature 16 mobile vers la deuxième position de déclenchement. Durant son mouvement de détente vers la position de déclenchement, le ressort 36 est guidé,en translation par la paroi cylindrique du trou 34.A control coil 30 is mounted coaxially in a cylindrical sheath 32 of insulating material, inside the cylinder head 20, extending axially between the shunt 26 and the second flange 24. The movable frame 16 is formed by a core plunger mounted with alternating axial sliding inside the cylindrical sheath 32 between a first hooking position and a second tripping position. The core of the frame 16 is provided with a blind axial hole 34 for housing a return spring 36 of the compression type supported by its opposite end on a central boss 38 of the first flange 22. The spring 36 passes through axially the permanent magnet 14 and the shunt 26, and biases the armature 16 movable towards the second release position. During its detent movement towards the triggering position, the spring 36 is guided in translation by the cylindrical wall of the hole 34.

L'organe d'actionnement 18 est doté d'un percuteur ou poussoir tubulaire emmanché sur un prolongement 40 axial de l'armature 16 et destiné à coopérer avec un verrou (non représenté) d'un mécanisme, respectivement lors d'un déclenchement par excitation de la bobine 30, et lors d'un réarmement du relais 10 entraînant le retour de l'armature 16 vers la première position d'accrochage. L'organe d'actionnement 18 est en matériau isolant plastique et traverse axialement une ouverture 42 circulaire ménagée dans le deuxième flasque 24.The actuating member 18 is provided with a striker or tubular pusher fitted on an axial extension 40 of the armature 16 and intended to cooperate with a lock (not shown) of a mechanism, respectively when triggered by excitation of the coil 30, and during a resetting of the relay 10 causing the return of the armature 16 to the first hooking position. The actuating member 18 is made of plastic insulating material and passes axially through a circular opening 42 formed in the second flange 24.

L'armature 16 se déplace dans un premier entrefer (d) axial variable, qui est nul lorsque l'armature 16 est collée contre l'extension 28 du shunt 26, et maximum lorsque l'armature 16 se trouve en position de déclenchement.The frame 16 moves in a first variable axial air gap (d), which is zero when the frame 16 is glued against the extension 28 of the shunt 26, and maximum when the frame 16 is in the tripping position.

L'armature 16 et l'organe d'actionnement 18 constituent l'équipage mobile coopérant avec des moyens de guidage en translation axiale formés d'une part par une collerette 44 annulaire, agencée autour de l'armature 16, ladite collerette 44 venant de moulage avec le fourreau 32 fixe de support de la bobine 30, et d'autre part par l'ouverture 42 circulaire du flasque 24 servant de palier au percuteur 18.The frame 16 and the actuating member 18 constitute the movable assembly cooperating with guide means in axial translation formed on the one hand by an annular flange 44, arranged around the frame 16, said flange 44 coming from molding with the fixed sleeve 32 for supporting the coil 30, and on the other hand by the circular opening 42 of the flange 24 serving as bearing for the striker 18.

Le deuxième flasque 24 est équipé d'un manchon 46 interne tubulaire en matériau ferromagnétique, s'étendant jusqu'à la collerette 44 dans un espace annulaire délimité radialement par le fourreau 32 cylindrique et l'armature 16. Le manchon 46 entoure coaxialement l'armature 16 avec interposition d'un deuxième entrefer radial (j1) prédéterminé dont l'épaisseur est supérieure au jeu de guidage (j2) agencé entre la collerette 44 et l'armature 16. Cette différence de côtes entre l'entrefer j1 et le jeu j2 est indispensable pour conserver l'uniformité de l'entrefer j1 radial lors de la translation de l'équipage mobile selon la direction axiale, et pour éviter toute attraction magnétique contre le manchon 46 susceptible de s'opposer au libre coulissement de l'armature 16.The second flange 24 is equipped with an internal tubular sleeve 46 made of ferromagnetic material, extending up to the collar 44 in an annular space delimited radially by the cylindrical sheath 32 and the frame 16. The sleeve 46 coaxially surrounds the frame 16 with interposition of a second predetermined radial air gap (j1) whose thickness is greater than the guide clearance (j2) arranged between the flange 44 and the frame 16. This difference in ribs between the air gap j1 and the clearance j2 is essential to maintain the uniformity of the radial j1 air gap during the translation of the moving assembly in the axial direction, and to avoid any magnetic attraction against the sleeve 46 liable to oppose the free sliding of the frame 16.

Une patte 48 radiale du fourreau 32 isolant fait saillie d'une encoche 50 de la culasse 20 et sert simultanément d'organe de blocage en rotation de la bobine 30, et de support de connexion des fils 52, 54 de branchement de la bobine 30. Une lamelle 56 élastique de forme incurvée est intercalée entre l'une des faces frontales de la bobne 30 et le deuxième flasque 24 pour assurer le rattrapage automatique du jeu axial lors de l'empilage des différents éléments constitutifs du relais 10. La lamelle 56 élastique vient directement de moulage avec le fourreau 32 isolant de la bobine 30.A radial lug 48 of the insulating sheath 32 projects from a notch 50 in the cylinder head 20 and serves simultaneously as a member for blocking the rotation of the coil 30, and as a connection support for the wires 52, 54 for connecting the coil 30 An elastic strip 56 of curved shape is interposed between one of the front faces of the coil 30 and the second flange 24 to ensure the automatic take-up of the axial play when the various constituent elements of the relay 10 are stacked. elastic comes directly from molding with the insulating sheath 32 of the coil 30.

L'organe d'actionnement 18 isolant peut avoir des formes quelconques en fonction de la structure du verrou du déclencheur, et/ou du calibre du disjoncteur. L'épaisseur du shunt 26 dans sa partie la plus étroite située autour de l'extension 28 est inférieure à l'épaisseur (12) de la culasse 20 et à celle de l'aimant 14. La longueur axiale de la bobine 30 est très grande par rapport à l'épaisseur de l'aimant permanent 14. L'interstice du deuxième entrefer (j1) radial est inférieur à l'èpaisseur (11) du deuxième flasque 24.The insulating actuating member 18 can have any shape depending on the structure of the trip unit lock, and / or the size of the circuit breaker. The thickness of the shunt 26 in its narrowest part located around the extension 28 is less than the thickness (12) of the yoke 20 and that of the magnet 14. The axial length of the coil 30 is very large with respect to the thickness of the permanent magnet 14. The interstice of the second radial air gap (j1) is less than the thickness (11) of the second flange 24.

Le fonctionnement du relais 10 polarisé de déclenchement selon les figures 1 et 2 est le suivant :The operation of the polarized trip relay 10 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is as follows:

En position déclenchée de l'armature 16 mobile, la bobine 30 n'est pas alimentée, et la totalité du flux engendré par l'aimant permanent 14 circule dans la partie rétrécie du shunt 26, une portion de la culasse 20, agencée coaxialement autour de l'aimant 14, et le premier flasque 22. Le shunt 26 est saturé, et aucun flux ne circule dans le reste du circuit magnétique 12.In the triggered position of the movable frame 16, the coil 30 is not supplied, and all of the flux generated by the permanent magnet 14 circulates in the narrowed part of the shunt 26, a portion of the yoke 20, arranged coaxially around of the magnet 14, and the first flange 22. The shunt 26 is saturated, and no flux circulates in the rest of the magnetic circuit 12.

Au cours de la manoeuvre de réarmement du relais 10, l'armature mobile 16 se déplace en translation dans le premier entrefer (d) axial, et vient en butée contre la surface polaire de l'extension 28 du shunt 26. Le ressort 36 se trouve alors dans l'état comprimé. Le flux de l'aimant permanent 14 se partage en deux flux élémentaires φs et ¢u (voir fig. 1), à savoir un premier flux rappelé "flux shunt",passant par le shunt 26, la culasse 20 et le premier flasque 22, et un deuxième flux φU, appelé "flux de polarisation", traversant l'extension 28, le premier entrefer (d) axial, l'armature mobile 16, le deuxième entrefer (j1) radial, le manchon 46, le deuxième flasque 24 et retour à l'aimant permanent 14 par la culasse 20 et le premier flasque 22. L'armature 16 est maintenue par attraction magnétique dans la position armée par le flux de polarisation φU traversant le premier entrefer (d), la force d'attraction magnétique correspondante de l'aimant (14) étant supérieure à l'effort antagoniste du ressort 36 de compression.During the resetting operation of the relay 10, the movable armature 16 moves in translation in the first axial gap (d), and abuts against the pole surface of the extension 28 of the shunt 26. The spring 36 is then in the compressed state. The flux of the permanent magnet 14 is divided into two elementary fluxes φs and ¢ u (see fig. 1), namely a first flux called "shunt flux", passing through the shunt 26, the yoke 20 and the first flange 22 , and a second flux φU, called "polarization flux", crossing the extension 28, the first axial air gap (d), the movable frame 16, the second radial air gap (j1), the sleeve 46, the second flange 24 and return to the permanent magnet 14 by the yoke 20 and the first flange 22. The frame 16 is held by magnetic attraction in the armed position by the polarization flux φU passing through the first air gap (d), the force of attraction corresponding magnetic of the magnet (14) being greater than the opposing force of the compression spring 36.

Lors de l'excitation de la bobine 30 de commande au moyen d'un signal de déclenchement appliqué aux bornes des conducteurs 52, 54, le flux magnétique φC de la bobine 30 s'oppose dans l'entrefer axial (d) au flux de polarisation φU de l'aimant permanent 14, et affaiblit la force d'attraction de l'armature 16. Lorsque la force de rappel du ressort 36 devient prépondérante, l'armature 16 est entraînée vers le haut, jusqu'à la position de déclenchement dans laquelle le percuteur 18 provoque le déverrouillage du mécanisme. Le trajet du flux de commande φC (voir fig. 1) dans le circuit magnétique 12 s'effectue par l'armature 16, le shunt magnétique 26, la culasse 20, le deuxième flasque 24 et le manchon 46, le flux de commande ¢o s'opposant au flux de polarisation φU dans toutes les parties du circuit magnétique 12 sauf dans le shunt 26 qui reste saturé.During the excitation of the control coil 30 by means of a trigger signal applied to the terminals of the conductors 52, 54, the magnetic flux φC of the coil 30 is opposed in the axial air gap (d) to the flux of polarization φU of the permanent magnet 14, and weakens the force of attraction of the armature 16. When the return force of the spring 36 becomes preponderant, the armature 16 is driven upwards, up to the triggering position in which the striker 18 causes the mechanism to be unlocked. The path of the control flow φC (see fig. 1) in the magnetic circuit 12 is effected by the armature 16, the magnetic shunt 26, the yoke 20, the second flange 24 and the sleeve 46, the control flow ¢ o opposing the polarization flux φU in all parts of the magnetic circuit 12 except in the shunt 26 which remains saturated.

L'agencement coaxial du manchon 46 tubulaire autour de l'armature 16 détermine une section importante entraînant une réluctance minimum du circuit magnétique 12. En position armée, le manchon 46 ferromagnétique recouvre axialement l'armature 16 sur une distance prédéterminée, dont la longueur L est supérieure à l'épaisseur (11) du deuxième flasque 24 ainsi qu'à celle (12) de la culasse 20. La faible réluctance du circuit magnétique 12 due à la présence du manchon 46 tubulaire nécessite un flux de commande φC de faible valeur autorisant une augmentation de la sensibilité du relais 10, et une diminution de l'énergie de déclenchement de la bobine 30.The coaxial arrangement of the tubular sleeve 46 around the frame 16 determines a large section causing a minimum reluctance of the magnetic circuit 12. In the armed position, the ferromagnetic sleeve 46 axially covers the frame 16 over a predetermined distance, the length L is greater than the thickness (11) of the second flange 24 as well as that (12) of the yoke 20. The low reluctance of the magnetic circuit 12 due to the presence of the tubular sleeve 46 requires a control flow φC of low value allowing an increase in the sensitivity of the relay 10, and a decrease in the triggering energy of the coil 30.

Sur la variante du relais 100 de la fig. 3, les moyens de guidage en translation axiale de l'armature mobile 16 comportent une douille 144 amagnétique, notamment en laiton, montée coaxialement à l'intérieur du fourreau 32 en étant intercalée entre le manchon 46 et le shunt 126. Le jeu radial (j2) entre la douille 144 et l'armature 16 reste inférieur à l'entrefer radial (j1) ménagé entre le manchon 46 et l'armature 16. Le shunt 126 est séparé radialement de la surface latérale de la culasse 20 par un intervalle (e2) dont la dimension est supérieure à l'épaisseur (12) de la culasse 20, et à la distance radiale (e1) entre l'aimant permanent 14 et la culasse 20. Toutes les autres pièces du relais 100 sont similaires à celles de la fig. 1 et sont affectées des mêmes numéros de repères.In the variant of relay 100 in fig. 3, the means for guiding in axial translation of the movable armature 16 comprise a non-magnetic sleeve 144, in particular made of brass, mounted coaxially inside the sheath 32 while being interposed between the sleeve 46 and the shunt 126. The radial clearance ( j2) between the sleeve 144 and the frame 16 remains below the radial air gap (j1) formed between the sleeve 46 and the frame 16. The shunt 126 is separated radially from the lateral surface of the cylinder head 20 by an interval ( e2) whose dimension is greater than the thickness (12) of the yoke 20, and the radial distance (e1) between the permanent magnet 14 and the yoke 20. All the other parts of the relay 100 are similar to those of fig. 1 and are assigned the same reference numbers.

On remarque sur les deux dispositifs des fig. 1 et 3, le recouvrement coaxial de l'armature 16 par le manchon 46 permettant la diminution de la réluctance magnétique. Les dimensions du shunt 26, 126 et de l'aimant permanent 14 par rapport aux autres pièces du circuit magnétique 12 peuvent bien entendu être modifiées en fonction de la sensibilitè souhaitée du relais 10.Note on the two devices of fig. 1 and 3, the coaxial covering of the armature 16 by the sleeve 46 allowing the reduction of the magnetic reluctance. The dimensions of the shunt 26, 126 and of the permanent magnet 14 with respect to the other parts of the magnetic circuit 12 can of course be modified as a function of the desired sensitivity of the relay 10.

Claims (10)

1. Polarized electromagnetic relay with magnetic latching, notably of a trip device for an electric circuit breaker, comprising:
- a fixed magnetic circuit (12) made of ferromagnetic material comprising a tubular frame (20) affixed at its opposite ends to a first and a second parallel flange (22, 24), extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the frame (20),
- an annular permanent magnet (14) with axial magnetization whose coplanar front surfaces of opposed polarities come into contact respectively with the internal wall of the first flange (22) and one of the faces of a magnetic flux-diverter (26, 126),
- a moving armature (16) mounted to slide axially according to the direction of the longitudinal axis between a latched position and a released position, said armature (16) being urged into the released position by a return spring (36), and in the latched position being pressed against the flux-diverter (26) by the magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet (14) which is of greater intensity than the bias of the return spring (36),
- an actuating member (18) associated with the armature (16) and passing axially through an opening (42) in the second flange (24), the armature (16) and actuating member (18) assembly forming the moving assembly of the relay (10),
- a first axial air gap (d) corresponding to the gap between the flux-diverter (26) and the moving armature (16),
- a trip coil (30) coaxially mounted on an insulating bushing (32) inside the frame (20) surrounding the moving armature (16) and extending axially between the flux-diverter (26) and the second flange (24), excitation of said coil (30) causing in the magnetic circuit (12) a magnetic flux (0c) which opposes the polarization flux (0u) of the permanent magnet (14) in the first air gap (d), so as to release the armature (16) and enable it to move from the latched position to the released position by means of the return spring (36), characterized by the fact the second flange (24) of the magnetic circuit (12) is fitted with a fixed internal sleeve (46) of tubular shape made of ferromagnetic material, extending partially in an annular space located coaxially between the bushing (32) and the moving armature (16), the latter being separated from said sleeve (46) by a second radial air gap 01) which remains uniform during the translation movement of the armature (16), and the axial overlap distance (L) of the armature (16), by the sleeve (46) in the latched position of the relay (10) is greater than the thickness (11) of the second flange (24) and/or than that (12) of the frame (20).
2. Electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the guiding means of the moving assembly in axial translation determined a predetermined radial clearance (j2) with the moving armature (16), the thickness of said clearance (j2) being smaller than that of the second radial air gap (j1) between the sleeve (46) and the armature (16).
3. Electromagnetic relay according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that guiding means of the armature in translation comprise an annular ledge (44) cast with the insulating bushing (32) of the coil (30), and that said sleeve (46) extends axially to within proximity of said ledge (44).
4. Electromagnetic relay according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that guiding means in translation are fitted with a nonmagnetic bush (144), interposed axially between the sleeve (46) and flux-diverter (126).
5. Electromagnetic relay according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the flux-diverter (26) can be saturated, and extends radially in a direction parallel to the first flange (22) to come into contact with the internal lateral surface of the frame (20), the thickness of said flux-diverter (26) in its narrowest part being smaller that the thickness of the permanent magnet (14) and/or than that of the frame (20).
6. Electromagnetic relay according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the return spring (36) is of the compression type, and that the armature (16) has an axial hole (34) closed at one end to house a part of said spring (36), the latter passing through the annular flux-diverter (26) and permanent magnet (14), its opposite end bearing on a central boss (38) of the first flange (22).
7. Electromagnetic relay according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that a curved-shaped flexibel strip (56) is interposed between one of the front faces of the coil (30) and the second flange (24) to automatically take up any axial play when the various parts which constitue the relay (10) are assembled, and that said flexible strip (56) is cast directly with the insulating bushing (32) of the coil (30).
8. Electromagnetic relay according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by the fact that the bushing (32) comprises a radial lug (48) which protudes through a notch (50) in the frame (20) to serve the purpose both of preventing rotation of the coil (30), and of supporting the wires connecting the coil (30).
9. Electromagnetic relay according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized by the fact that the external radius of the annular permanent magnet (14) is greater than its thickness, the latter corresponding to the axial distance separating the first flange (22) and the flux-diverter (26), and that the axial length taken up by the coil (30) is at least greater than half the total length of the relay (10).
10. Electromagnetic relay according to claim 1, 6, 7, 8 or 9, characterized by the fact that the flux-diverter (126) is radially separated from the frame (20) by a gap (e2) which is greater than the thickness (12) of the frame (20).
EP85402117A 1984-11-22 1985-11-05 Polarised electromagnetic relay with magnetic latching for a trip device of a circuit breaker Expired EP0187055B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85402117T ATE44631T1 (en) 1984-11-22 1985-11-05 POLARIZED ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAY WITH MAGNETIC BLOCKING FOR A CIRCUIT BREAKER TRIP.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8418009A FR2573570B1 (en) 1984-11-22 1984-11-22 POLARIZED ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAY WITH MAGNETIC LOCKING FOR A TRIGGER OF AN ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER
FR8418009 1984-11-22

Publications (2)

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EP0187055A1 EP0187055A1 (en) 1986-07-09
EP0187055B1 true EP0187055B1 (en) 1989-07-12

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US (1) US4660012A (en)
EP (1) EP0187055B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61128436A (en)
AT (1) ATE44631T1 (en)
AU (1) AU577996B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1244860A (en)
DE (1) DE3571528D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8700794A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2573570B1 (en)
HK (1) HK113593A (en)
PT (1) PT81448B (en)
SG (1) SG71492G (en)
ZA (1) ZA858730B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2573570B1 (en) 1988-05-27
JPH0516127B2 (en) 1993-03-03
ZA858730B (en) 1986-07-30
ES548563A0 (en) 1986-11-16
AU5025185A (en) 1986-05-29
ES8700794A1 (en) 1986-11-16
JPS61128436A (en) 1986-06-16
CA1244860A (en) 1988-11-15
PT81448A (en) 1985-12-01
DE3571528D1 (en) 1989-08-17
AU577996B2 (en) 1988-10-06
EP0187055A1 (en) 1986-07-09
PT81448B (en) 1987-09-30
ATE44631T1 (en) 1989-07-15
SG71492G (en) 1992-12-04
FR2573570A1 (en) 1986-05-23
US4660012A (en) 1987-04-21
HK113593A (en) 1993-10-29

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