EP0186558B1 - Vorrichtung zur Stoffstrahlenbehandlung durch Elektronenstrahl - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Stoffstrahlenbehandlung durch Elektronenstrahl Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0186558B1
EP0186558B1 EP85402371A EP85402371A EP0186558B1 EP 0186558 B1 EP0186558 B1 EP 0186558B1 EP 85402371 A EP85402371 A EP 85402371A EP 85402371 A EP85402371 A EP 85402371A EP 0186558 B1 EP0186558 B1 EP 0186558B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
window
slot
irradiated
axis
enclosure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85402371A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0186558A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Roche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP0186558A1 publication Critical patent/EP0186558A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0186558B1 publication Critical patent/EP0186558B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K5/00—Irradiation devices
    • G21K5/04—Irradiation devices with beam-forming means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J33/00—Discharge tubes with provision for emergence of electrons or ions from the vessel; Lenard tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for irradiating matter with an electron beam.
  • the gases are irradiated for chemical uses or for sterilization.
  • Liquids are also irradiated for chemical or food uses (sterilization of fruit juices, milk, water, etc.).
  • the solids are irradiated for chemical (polymerization), medical (sterilization), food (irradiation of seeds, fruits, potatoes, vegetables, etc.), genetic (irradiation of seeds, insects, etc.) uses.
  • Various devices are known for irradiating matter with an electron beam.
  • FR-A 2 428 913 provides an electron beam in a plane passing through an outlet window closed by a thin metal membrane. It belongs to an enclosure in which a vacuum has been created and in which is located an electron gun emitting a very flattened and very elongated beam; this window can have a length of 2 meters for a width of a few centimeters. The displacement of the electrons must be perpendicular to the surface of the window, in order to cross it in the best conditions.
  • electron accelerators have been designed enabling the electrons of a laminar beam to be directly accelerated by using either electron guns in which the electron source consists of a very elongated filament, or devices with plasma in which the electrons are obtained by secondary emission from ions coming from a filiform anode.
  • the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and in particular to produce a device for irradiating material with an electron beam, in which it is possible to use an emissive filament of small dimension, which is easy to change, the beam being planar and propagating all around an axis, on 360 ° , thus facilitating the use of the device for industrial applications.
  • This very simple device is also inexpensive.
  • the subject of the invention is a device for irradiating material with an electron beam comprising an electron gun and guide means for placing the material on the path of the beam, characterized in that the electron gun comprises, in an enclosure watertight having a shape having a symmetry of revolution with respect to an axis, an electron-emitting filament situated in the axis of the enclosure and, coaxially, a Wehnelt electrode surrounding the filament having a symmetry of revolution with respect to said axis and comprising a first circular electron concentration slot in the vicinity of the plane perpendicular to the axis and passing through the first slot which is located opposite the filament, at least one electrode for accelerating the electrons surrounding the Wehnelt electrode, having a symmetry of revolution with respect to said axis and comprising a second circular slot situated opposite the first slot, the enclosure comprising a window c circular closed in a sealed and transparent manner to the electrons, this window being located opposite the two slots, the guide means placing the material to be irradiated around the window.
  • the Wehnelt electrode comprises two truncated cones each having a large base and a small circular base perpendicular to the axis, the respective small bases of the two truncated cones being located opposite one another and being spaced apart to constitute said first slot, the truncated cones comprising housings located opposite and in the vicinity of the first slot and containing said filament.
  • said window is closed by a metal sheet having a section in the form of a gutter, penetrating towards the interior of the enclosure.
  • the first slot is surrounded on the periphery of the small bases of each of the two cones, for a circular grid.
  • the guide means comprise an annular hollow sheath with two concentric walls surrounding said window, the material to be irradiated circulating in this sheath.
  • one of the walls of the sheath is partially formed by the external surface of the sealed enclosure and by the sheet closing the window.
  • the guide means comprise a hopper surrounding the barrel and in which the material to be irradiated circulates.
  • the guide means comprise an assembly for displacing the material to be irradiated in order to cause it to flow opposite said window.
  • the material to be irradiated being in the form of a strip wound to form a roll having the width of the ribbon
  • the guide means comprise means for unwinding this ribbon by making it circulate in the direction of its length and so that it forms a sheath around the window, folding it in the direction of its width.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically and in longitudinal section, an irradiation device according to the invention.
  • This device comprises an electron gun located in a sealed enclosure 1, and guide means for placing the material to be irradiated on the path of the electron beam. These guide means are not shown in this figure and will be described later in detail.
  • the enclosure 1 has a symmetry of revolution with respect to an axis X'X.
  • symmetry of revolution is understood to mean the surface obtained by rotation of a curve or of a straight line about an axis.
  • the electron gun comprises, in the sealed enclosure 1, an emissive filament 2 connected by plug-in connectors 3, 4, and by conductive wires 5, 6, to a negative high voltage -V '.
  • This emissive filament has the shape of a coil whose axis corresponds to the X'X axis of the enclosure.
  • the barrel also comprises, coaxially, a Wehnelt electrode in two parts 7, 8, which surround the filament 2, and which has a symmetry of revolution with respect to the axis X'X.
  • This Whenelt electrode has a first circular slot 9, which allows the electrons to be concentrated in the vicinity of a plane P perpendicular to the axis X'X and passing through the slot 9.
  • This slot is located opposite the filament 2; the concentration of the electrons is produced by the electric field appearing in the slit when the Wehnelt electrode 7 is supplied by a negative high voltage -V; the absolute value of the voltage -V is slightly higher than the absolute value of the voltage -V 'supplying the filament.
  • the device also comprises an electrode 10 for accelerating the electrons; this electrode surrounds the Wehnelt electrode 7, 8 and it also has a symmetry of revolution with respect to the axis X'X of the enclosure. The potential of this electrode can be equal to that of the enclosure; in practice, this potential is that of a reference electrical ground.
  • the acceleration electrode 10 has a second circular slot 11, located opposite the first slot 9. The electron beam emitted by the filament, in the vicinity of the plane P, is shown at 12.
  • the two parts 7, 8 of the Wehnelt electrode are connected, for example by a conductive threaded rod 13, integral with part 8 of the Wehnelt.
  • the enclosure 1 is provided with a circular window 14, closed in a sealed manner by a metal sheet having a section in the form of a gutter, penetrating towards the interior of the enclosure.
  • This window is located opposite the slots 9, 11; it is transparent to electrons.
  • the guide means which are not shown in this figure, place the material to be irradiated around the window.
  • the two parts 7, 8 of the Wehnelt electrode form two truncated cones which each have a large base and a small base.
  • the large bases of these truncated cones are respectively referenced 16, 7, while the small bases are respectively referenced 18, 19 in the figure.
  • the small bases 18, 19 of the two truncated cones are located opposite one another and they are spaced so as to constitute the first slot 9.
  • These two truncated cones respectively comprise housings 20, 21 which are located facing each other, in the vicinity of the first slot 9.
  • These housings contain the emissive filament 2.
  • the first slot 9 can be surrounded on the periphery of the small bases 18, 19 of each of the two cones, by a circular grid 22.
  • the two parts 7, 8 of the Wehnelt are connected by the threaded rod 13 and by a rod 23, to the voltage source -V, through elements such as 24, 25, of an insulator.
  • the connection wires 5, 6 of the filament pass through a bore 26 of the rod 23 then the element 25 of the insulator, to be connected to the voltage source -V '.
  • the vacuum prevailing inside the enclosure 1 the crossings of the conductors 5, 6 and 27 are sealed.
  • the elements 24 of the insulator are separated by conductive washers 28, connected by resistors 29 making it possible to make the various elements of the insulator equipotential.
  • the sealed enclosure 1 can be closed by a sealed cover 30. This removable cover provides access to the interior of the enclosure, so as, for example, to replace the filament 2 in the event of destruction thereof.
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 represent different embodiments which make it possible to place the material to be irradiated on the path of the electron beam produced in a plane P, passing through the window 14.
  • the cannon has been designated by the reference C electrons.
  • the enclosure containing the various elements of the barrel is represented by the reference 1, and the window by the reference 14.
  • these means comprise a hollow annular sheath 31 with two concentric walls 31 a, 32b.
  • the material to be irradiated circulates between these two walls, as indicated by the arrows in the figure.
  • This material can be a liquid or a gas, or even a powdered solid.
  • the internal wall 31 of the sheath can be constituted at least partially by the external surface of the sealed enclosure 1, and by the metal sheet which closes the window 14. Under these conditions, the materials to be irradiated directly receive the electron beam emitted in plan P.
  • the electron gun C is placed in a hopper 33, the upper part of which, for example, has a flared shape, favoring the reception of the materials to be irradiated. These materials are in direct contact with the metal sheet which closes the window 14 of the enclosure 1.
  • the pressure P of the material to be irradiated is of the order of a few bars, and if the window is formed from a titanium sheet 20 microns thick, the radius of curvature p of this window does not exceed a few centimeters.
  • FIG. 4 represents a third embodiment of the means for guiding the material to be irradiated.
  • these guide means consist of an assembly 34 which makes it possible to move the irradiated material, so as to cause it to circulate opposite the window 14.
  • these guide means are constituted for example by a conveyor belt or a chain.
  • FIG. 5 represents a fourth embodiment of the means for guiding the material to be irradiated.
  • the material to be irradiated is in the form of a strip 36, wound to form a roll 37 having the width of the ribbon.
  • the guide means here comprise a motor 37 driving an axis 38 on which the ribbon 36 is wound after being irradiated by the electron gun C.
  • the ribbon circulates lengthwise, as indicated by the arrows; the guide means comprise guides 39, 40, 41, 42 which allow the tape to form a sheath around the window 14 and the enclosure 1, by folding it around this enclosure, in the direction of the width of the tape .
  • the ribbon is thus unwound around the axis 42 and wound around the axis 38.
  • the part 43 is used to hold the device.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Vorrichtung zur Bestrahlung von Materie mit einem Elektronenstrahl, enthaltend eine Elektronenkanone und Führungseinrichtungen, um die Materie in den Strahlengang zu bringen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektronenkanone in einer dichten Umhüllung (1) von drehsymmetrischer Form in bezug auf eine Achse (X'X) eine Elektronenabgabewendel (2) enthält, die in der Achse der Umhüllung (1) angeordnet ist, und koaxial dazu eine Wehneltelektrode (7, 8), die die Wendel (2) umgibt und eine in bezug auf die genannte Achse (X'X) drehsymmetrische Form hat und einen ersten Ringspalt (9) aufweist, um die Elektronen auf die Nachbarschaft einer Ebene (P) zu konzentrieren, die senkrecht zur Achse liegt und durch den ersten Spalt (9) läuft, der der Wendel (2) gegenüberliegt, wobei wenigstens eine Elektrode (10) zur Beschleunigung der Elektronen die Wehneltelelektrode (7, 8) umgibt und eine drehsymmetrische Form in bezug auf die genannte Achse aufweist und einen zweiten kreisförmigen Spalt (11) aufweist, der gegenüber dem ersten Spalt (9) angeordnet ist, wobei die Umhüllung (1) ein kreisförmiges Fenster (14) aufweist, das dicht verschlossen und für Elektronen transparent ist und gegenüber den zwei Spalten (9, 11) liegt, wobei die Führungseinrichtungen die zu bestrahlende Materie um das genannte Fenster (14) anordnen.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wehneltelektrode zwei Kegelstumpfe (7, 8) aufweist, die jeweils eine kreisförmige große Basis und eine kreisförmige kleine Basis senkrecht zu der Achse (X'X) aufweisen, wobei die kleinen Basen (18, 19) der zwei Kegelstumpfe einander gegenüberstehen und einen Abstand aufweisen, um den genannten ersten Spalt (9) zu bilden, und daß die Kegelstumpfe (7, 8) Ausnehmungen (20, 21) aufweisen, die dem genannten ersten Spalt (9) benachbart gegenüberstehen und die genannte Wendel (2) enthalten.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Fenster (14) von einer metallischen Folie (15) verschlossen ist, die einen Querschnitt in Form einer Rinne aufweist, die gegen das Innere der Umhüllung (1) vorsteht.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Spalt (9) an dem Umfang der kleinen Basen (18, 19) der beiden Kegelstumpfe (7, 8) von einem ringförmigen Gitter (22) umgeben ist.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Führungseinrichtungen eine ringförmige hohle Hülse (31) mit zwei konzentrischen Wänden (32a, 32b) aufweisen, die das genannte Fenster (14) umgeben, wobei die zu bestrahlende Materie durch diese Hülse zirkuliert.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, da die eine der Wände der genannten Hülse teilweise von der Außenfläche der dichten Umhüllung (1) und von der das Fenster verschließenden Folie (15) gebildet ist.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Führungseinrichtungen einen Trichter (33) aufweisen, der die Kanone (C) umgibt und in dem die zu bestrahlende Materie zirkuliert.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Führungseinrichtungen eine Verstelleinrichtung (34) für die zu bestrahlende Materie aufweisen, um sie gegenüber dem genannten Fenster (14) um die Vorrichtung herumzuführen.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die zu bestrahlende Materie in Form eines Bandes (36) darstellt, das aufgerollt ist, um einen Wickel zu bilden, der die Breite des Bandes aufweist und daß die Führungseinrichtungen Mittel (39, 40, 41, 42) zum Abrollen dieses Bandes und zum Fortführen in seiner Längsrichtung und zum Ausbilden einer Schlinge um das Fenster (14) durch Umbiegen des Bandes in seiner Breitenrichtung aufweisen.
EP85402371A 1984-12-14 1985-12-02 Vorrichtung zur Stoffstrahlenbehandlung durch Elektronenstrahl Expired EP0186558B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8419153A FR2574978B1 (fr) 1984-12-14 1984-12-14 Dispositif d'irradiation de matiere par un faisceau electronique
FR8419153 1984-12-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0186558A1 EP0186558A1 (de) 1986-07-02
EP0186558B1 true EP0186558B1 (de) 1989-05-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85402371A Expired EP0186558B1 (de) 1984-12-14 1985-12-02 Vorrichtung zur Stoffstrahlenbehandlung durch Elektronenstrahl

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4663532A (de)
EP (1) EP0186558B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1236225A (de)
DE (1) DE3570153D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2574978B1 (de)

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JPS63285499A (ja) * 1987-05-18 1988-11-22 Nissin High Voltage Co Ltd ロ−ル方式窓箔自動交換装置
FR2616033B1 (fr) * 1987-05-26 1989-08-04 Commissariat Energie Atomique Accelerateur d'electrons a nappe
DE3907703A1 (de) * 1989-03-10 1990-09-13 Badenwerk Ag Verfahren zum abscheiden von stickoxiden aus rauchgasen und vorrichtung hierzu
US5093602A (en) * 1989-11-17 1992-03-03 Charged Injection Corporation Methods and apparatus for dispersing a fluent material utilizing an electron beam
JPH06500394A (ja) * 1990-08-17 1994-01-13 レイケム・コーポレイション 粒子加速器の透過窓構造と冷却及び材料の処理方法
US5264707A (en) * 1991-11-05 1993-11-23 Takata Corporation Ion implantation method
DE4432982C2 (de) * 1994-09-16 1998-07-09 Igm Robotersysteme Ag Vorrichtung zum Bestrahlen von Oberflächen mit Elektronen
US6713773B1 (en) 1999-10-07 2004-03-30 Mitec, Inc. Irradiation system and method
US6429608B1 (en) 2000-02-18 2002-08-06 Mitec Incorporated Direct injection accelerator method and system
AU2001245338A1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2001-09-03 Brian T. Dalziel Bulk material irradiation system and method
US6707049B1 (en) 2000-03-21 2004-03-16 Mitec Incorporated Irradiation system with compact shield
US7154103B2 (en) * 2001-04-02 2006-12-26 Mitec Incorporated Method of providing extended shelf life fresh meat products
US6885011B2 (en) * 2001-04-02 2005-04-26 Mitec Incorporated Irradiation system and method
US6683319B1 (en) 2001-07-17 2004-01-27 Mitec Incorporated System and method for irradiation with improved dosage uniformity
US20070237866A1 (en) * 2006-03-10 2007-10-11 Mitec Incorporated Process for the extension of microbial life and color life of fresh meat products
US20070228922A1 (en) * 2006-03-29 2007-10-04 Mamora Nakasuji Electron gun and electron beam apparatus field of invention
US11506565B2 (en) * 2019-09-24 2022-11-22 Falk PLI Engineering & Surveying, Inc. Four-dimensional crane rail measurement

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BE480180A (de) * 1946-05-31
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US3974391A (en) * 1972-11-29 1976-08-10 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-G.M.B.H. High energy electron irradiation of flowable materials
US3901807A (en) * 1973-06-27 1975-08-26 High Voltage Engineering Corp High energy electron treatment of water
FR2428913A1 (fr) * 1978-06-15 1980-01-11 Energy Sciences Inc Procede permettant l'obtention de faisceaux electroniques energetiques sous forme de bandes longitudinales et moyens pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
DE3138896A1 (de) * 1981-09-30 1983-04-14 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Elektronenoptisches system mit vario-formstrahl zur erzeugung und messung von mikrostrukturen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2574978A1 (fr) 1986-06-20
CA1236225A (en) 1988-05-03
FR2574978B1 (fr) 1987-01-16
US4663532A (en) 1987-05-05
DE3570153D1 (en) 1989-06-15
EP0186558A1 (de) 1986-07-02

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