EP0182770A1 - Diamantbohrmeissel - Google Patents

Diamantbohrmeissel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0182770A1
EP0182770A1 EP85870155A EP85870155A EP0182770A1 EP 0182770 A1 EP0182770 A1 EP 0182770A1 EP 85870155 A EP85870155 A EP 85870155A EP 85870155 A EP85870155 A EP 85870155A EP 0182770 A1 EP0182770 A1 EP 0182770A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
islands
cutting elements
cutting
diamond
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP85870155A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Honoré Joseph Lambot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diamant Boart NV SA
Original Assignee
Diamant Boart NV SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BE0/213992A external-priority patent/BE901037A/fr
Application filed by Diamant Boart NV SA filed Critical Diamant Boart NV SA
Publication of EP0182770A1 publication Critical patent/EP0182770A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
    • E21B10/567—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts
    • E21B10/5673—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts having a non planar or non circular cutting face

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a diamond drilling tool, furnished with possibly synthetic cutting elements, arranged projecting with respect to drainage zones formed by surface portions delimiting the body of the tool itself and provided with at least one washing orifice supplied with drilling fluid.
  • the elements considered are round natural diamonds, cubic natural diamonds, synthetic diamonds set, whether they are mono- or polycrystalline and whatever their shape or of polycrystalline diamond plates added.
  • the diamond drilling tools according to the present invention find their main application in the drilling of tender or semi-hard soils possibly sticky, such as clays and porous sandstones. They are also used in terrains made up of alternating layers of very soft and semi-hard terrains. Such land requires very studied hydraulics to avoid on the one hand, the regrinding of cutting waste and on the other hand, clogging of the tool.
  • Belgian patent No. 771,628 discloses a rotary drill bit filled with crimped stones. These diamonds are arranged on the surface of the tool in substantially radial rows and are set in the part of the tool body made up of protuberances. projecting a few millimeters high, separated by radial grooves which ensure the drainage of cutting debris by the coolant. The arrangement of crimped protrusions and recesses reserved for the drainage of the diamond coolant and the evacuation of rock debris are optimal.
  • the drilling fluid is supplied by a wide channel in the central zone of the tool; this channel is not specially profiled and the drilling fluid terminating on the surface of the tool comes into contact with the rock with a low speed and flows preferentially according to the more or less radial water passages, the fall of overall tool pressure is generally low around ten bars.
  • diamond plates consist of a layer of polycrystalline diamond added to a tungsten carbide substrate by sintering.
  • the diamond plates are not fixed on the tool until the end of the operation, after molding the tool. They are joined by brazing on tungsten carbide supports previously enclosed in the body of the tool during its manufacture by infiltration.
  • the diamond plates are brazed on a carbide support before they are fixed to the body of the tool most often by shrinking.
  • the distribution of inserts meets very specific criteria of radial density as a function of the distance to the center of the tool and the angular distribution ensuring good mechanical balancing of the drilling tool.
  • This distribution of inserts is associated an optimal distribution of the drilling fluid supply which, in this case, consists of several conduits formed in the mass and ending at the surface of the tool in well determined locations, generally of on either side of the axis of rotation at different distances from the aforementioned axis these conduits are generally provided with injection nozzles at their end, allowing them to create powerful jets capable of avoiding clogging and possibly to contribute to the destruction of the rock.
  • the injection nozzles are made in one material with high wear resistance, generally sintered tungsten carbide.
  • the drilling fluid present in the internal cavity of the tool and coming from the drill string, crossing the nozzle, is subjected to a sudden acceleration with a high hydraulic efficiency, the pressure difference between the upstream and the downstream of the jet nozzle can reach 50 to 100 bars, which corresponds to linear speeds at the orifice of the order of magnitude of 100 meters per second.
  • the body of the tools described in the aforementioned US Patent No. 4,325,130 can be made either of steel or of infiltrated carbide.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the above drawbacks. It relates to a diamond drill bit, furnished with possibly synthetic cutting elements, arranged projecting with respect to drainage zones formed by surface portions delimiting the body of the tool itself, and provided with minus one washing orifice supplied with drilling fluid, essentially characterized in that the cutting elements are grouped on islands distributed over the entire surface of the tool and separated from each other by the aforementioned drainage zones, the islands as well as the drainage zones being able to be provided with conduits fitted at their end with an injection nozzle.
  • the stones are arranged in isolated islands having a cutting width of 10 to 20 mm and the base set with the cutting elements is preferably protruding about 7 mm from the level of the body surface or the actual tool.
  • the clogging of large diameter tools is avoided, by placing the polycrystalline diamond plates on islands projecting from 1 to 40 mm relative to the body of the tool itself.
  • the polycrystalline diamond plates are arranged in insulated islands having a cutting width of 20 to 60 mm and the base set with the support studs projects about 15 mm from the level of the surface of the tool body itself.
  • the speed of the drilling fluid reaches at the outlet of the jet, preferably an order of magnitude of 100 m / s.
  • the strong turbulence thus obtained favors the removal of rock debris and contributes to preventing regrinding of the debris which reduces both the speed of penetration of the tool and the longevity of the tool.
  • each Island 4 comprises several cubic stones 8, crimped by their base in a protuberance consisting of a surface portion 9 projecting from the surface level outside of the tool body.
  • the portion of the surface 9 on which are set with stones protrudes from a height which may be at most equal to the cutting width of the island, this value being considered as a technological limit.
  • Three cubic stones 11 of about four millimeters, are crimped in two rows so as to ensure complete recovery by island.
  • the projection advantageously emerges from about 7 mm from the surface of the tool body.
  • Two stones 11 'placed at the front ensure a sufficient cutting width, for example of the order of magnitude of the cutting width of a traditional wafer of 13.3 mm in diameter.
  • the two front stones 11 ' are followed by a third 11 "stone placed between the wake of the first two.
  • FIG. 3 shows that the distribution of the stones according to the present invention is inspired by that carried out for the flat tools with distributed inserts insofar as the stones are arranged in isolated islands 4 and distributed according to laws similar to those used for inserts .
  • Each island comprises several stones so as to ensure, for each island, a sufficient cutting width which, in the case of the example described and of the order of magnitude of the cutting width of the inserts usually used on flat tools with inserts distributed.
  • the supply of drilling fluid is identical to that described in FIG. 2 and therefore also has the same advantages.
  • Figures 4 and 5 describe in detail a possible embodiment of the islands comprising the elements cutting.
  • the surface position 9 on which the cutting elements are crimped projects about 7 millimeters from the body of the tool itself 10.
  • Three stones 8 are crimped in two rows so as to ensure overlap complete by island.
  • Figures 6 to 11 give three examples of positioning in the matrix of a cubic cutting element.
  • Figures 6 and 7, 8 and 9 as well as 10 and 11 are respectively end views and side elevations of the above examples, the direction of travel of the rock is indicated in the three cases by the arrow 12,
  • Figures 6 9 show that the cubic cutting element can be positioned so as to present a flat face 13 to the rock, the element penetrating most deeply into the rock being the corner 14 in the case 6 and the edge 15 in the case 7.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show that the cubic cutting element can be positioned so as to present an edge 16 to the rock; in this case, the element penetrating the deepest into the rock is necessarily the corner 17.
  • the cutting element is positioned so as to have a clearance angle 18, which is generally between 5 and 30 degrees, counted positively as indicated by the figures.
  • FIGS. 12 to 17 are three examples of positioning in the matrix of a prismatic cutting element with a triangular base 19.
  • FIGS. 18 to 20 show a possible embodiment of islands 4 comprising polycrystalline diamond plates 27 brazed on carbide pads 28 set in the body 10 of the drilling tool 1.
  • the surface 9 on which the diamond plates 27 are crimped protrudes relative to the body of the tool itself by a height which may be at most equal to the cutting width of the island, this value being considered as a limit technological.
  • Three traditional diamond plates 27, for example 13.3 mm in diameter, are crimped onto an island 4 advantageously emerging from 15 mm from the surface of the body 10 of the tool.
  • the arrangement of the plates 21 on each island 4 and the distribution of the islands are chosen so as to ensure complete covering of the island.
  • two front inserts are placed for example, in order to ensure a cutting width of approximately 35 mm.
  • a fluid inlet pipe 6 provided with a nozzle tion 7 whose axis directed towards the formation, is also inclined towards the diamond plates, as illustrated in FIGS. 15 and 16.
  • FIG. 23 shows a possible form of radial distribution of the cubic cutting elements 8.
  • the elements and the islands 4 are arranged at different distances from the axis of rotation of the tool.
  • the radial offset between two successive studs is such that the cutting element located outside an island i is coincident in projection with the cutting element located in the center on island i + 1 and also coincident in projection with the cutting element located on the right on the i + 2 island; in this case therefore, each wake is traversed three times consecutively by successive elements i, i + 1 and i + 2.
  • the islands furnished with diamond plates can have, mainly in large diameter tools, a considerable extension; in this case, the islets can be separated by equally large drainage zones.
  • the instantaneous feed rates can be very high so that the diamond blades 27, and mainly those located on the first row of each island 4 may have to tear off a volume huge of material and in any case far too important with regard to the mechanical resistance of the diamond insert itself or of its sintered tungsten carbide support. It follows that it will be necessary to protect the diamond blades from these potential temporary overloads by brake surfaces 29 located in front of the diamond blades and whose upper face 30 is at a level lower than that of the cutting edge of the diamond inserts with a value equal to the tolerated depth of cut. These brake surfaces 29, as illustrated in FIG.
  • the brake surfaces 29 could also consist for example of parts made of tungsten carbide sintered with cobalt and comprising or not diamond or even, if it proved necessary, by one or more rows of diamond plates also located at a level lower than the main pads.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
EP85870155A 1984-11-12 1985-11-06 Diamantbohrmeissel Ceased EP0182770A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE0/213992A BE901037A (fr) 1984-11-12 1984-11-12 Trepan de forage diamante plat a pierres serties.
BE213992 1984-11-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0182770A1 true EP0182770A1 (de) 1986-05-28

Family

ID=3843815

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85870155A Ceased EP0182770A1 (de) 1984-11-12 1985-11-06 Diamantbohrmeissel

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0182770A1 (de)
CA (1) CA1264317A (de)
DK (1) DK519285A (de)
NO (1) NO854492L (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0259872A2 (de) * 1986-09-11 1988-03-16 Eastman Teleco Company Drehbohrmeissel mit grossen Schneidelementen und einem Flüssigkeitsstrahl für jedes Schneidelement
EP0284238A2 (de) * 1987-03-26 1988-09-28 Reed Tool Company Limited Fräsbohrmeissel mit Bohrflüssigkeitsdüsen
EP0295045A2 (de) * 1987-06-09 1988-12-14 Reed Tool Company Drehfräsmeissel mit Reinigungsdüsen
US4913244A (en) * 1986-09-11 1990-04-03 Eastman Christensen Company Large compact cutter rotary drill bit utilizing directed hydraulics for each cutter

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1522593A (en) * 1919-10-13 1925-01-13 Rowland O Pickin Rotary drilling tool
US3322218A (en) * 1965-05-04 1967-05-30 Exxon Production Research Co Multi-port diamond bit
US3915246A (en) * 1974-05-16 1975-10-28 Adel E Sheshtawy Rotary drilling bit
US3938599A (en) * 1974-03-27 1976-02-17 Hycalog, Inc. Rotary drill bit
US4299297A (en) * 1979-06-06 1981-11-10 Lloyd Thomas C Rotary percussion bit
US4323130A (en) * 1980-06-11 1982-04-06 Strata Bit Corporation Drill bit

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1522593A (en) * 1919-10-13 1925-01-13 Rowland O Pickin Rotary drilling tool
US3322218A (en) * 1965-05-04 1967-05-30 Exxon Production Research Co Multi-port diamond bit
US3938599A (en) * 1974-03-27 1976-02-17 Hycalog, Inc. Rotary drill bit
US3915246A (en) * 1974-05-16 1975-10-28 Adel E Sheshtawy Rotary drilling bit
US4299297A (en) * 1979-06-06 1981-11-10 Lloyd Thomas C Rotary percussion bit
US4323130A (en) * 1980-06-11 1982-04-06 Strata Bit Corporation Drill bit

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0259872A2 (de) * 1986-09-11 1988-03-16 Eastman Teleco Company Drehbohrmeissel mit grossen Schneidelementen und einem Flüssigkeitsstrahl für jedes Schneidelement
EP0259872A3 (en) * 1986-09-11 1989-10-25 Eastman Christensen Company Large compact rotary drill bit utilizing directed hydraulics for each cutter
US4913244A (en) * 1986-09-11 1990-04-03 Eastman Christensen Company Large compact cutter rotary drill bit utilizing directed hydraulics for each cutter
EP0452999A2 (de) * 1986-09-11 1991-10-23 Eastman Teleco Company Rotierender Meissel mit Brockennuten in seinem Umfang
EP0452999A3 (en) * 1986-09-11 1992-03-11 Eastman Christensen Company A rotating bit with junk slots in its gage
EP0284238A2 (de) * 1987-03-26 1988-09-28 Reed Tool Company Limited Fräsbohrmeissel mit Bohrflüssigkeitsdüsen
EP0284238A3 (de) * 1987-03-26 1989-03-08 Reed Tool Company Limited Fräsbohrmeissel mit Bohrflüssigkeitsdüsen
EP0295045A2 (de) * 1987-06-09 1988-12-14 Reed Tool Company Drehfräsmeissel mit Reinigungsdüsen
EP0295045A3 (de) * 1987-06-09 1989-10-25 Reed Tool Company Drehfräsmeissel mit Reinigungsdüsen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK519285A (da) 1986-05-13
CA1264317A (fr) 1990-01-09
NO854492L (no) 1986-05-13
DK519285D0 (da) 1985-11-11

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Inventor name: LAMBOT, HONORE JOSEPH