EP0182658B1 - Photographic coupler dispersions - Google Patents
Photographic coupler dispersions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0182658B1 EP0182658B1 EP19850308436 EP85308436A EP0182658B1 EP 0182658 B1 EP0182658 B1 EP 0182658B1 EP 19850308436 EP19850308436 EP 19850308436 EP 85308436 A EP85308436 A EP 85308436A EP 0182658 B1 EP0182658 B1 EP 0182658B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coupler
- anionic surfactant
- photographic
- dispersion
- lipophilic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
- G03C7/30—Colour processes using colour-coupling substances; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
- G03C7/388—Processes for the incorporation in the emulsion of substances liberating photographically active agents or colour-coupling substances; Solvents therefor
- G03C7/3885—Processes for the incorporation in the emulsion of substances liberating photographically active agents or colour-coupling substances; Solvents therefor characterised by the use of a specific solvent
Definitions
- This invention relates to dispersions of couplers useful in the manufacture of sensitive silver halide colour photographic materials.
- a common method of preventing coupler diffusion comprises providing the coupler with a water-insoluble 'ballast' group and, before mixing it with the relevant coating composition, dispersing it as a uniform mixture with a water-insoluble high-boiling organic solvent, termed a coupler solvent or an 'oil-former', on an aqueous gelatin solution.
- a surface-active agent is used to facilitate the dispersion process and to help stabilise the dispersion obtained.
- Many photographic coupler dispersions contain compounds with phenolic or naphtholic groups of which the acidity is enhanced by the presence of electron-withdrawing substituents in the ortho and/or para positions relative to the hydroxyl group.
- Well-known compounds of this kind are certain phenolic and naphtholic cyan dye-forming couplers, but couplers for producing dyes of other colours are known which contain such acidic groups. It has been found that the dark stability of dyes formed by colour development of photographic materials containing dispersions of phenolic or naphtholic compounds with enhanced acidity is not as good as is desirable.
- the present invention is based upon the discovery that the adverse affect on dye stability of the phenolic or naphtholic compound can be mitigated to a useful extent by use of certain lipophilic anionic surfactants in preparing the relevant dispersions. Additional anionic surfactants of more conventional type may be used to aid the dispersion process but non-ionic surfactants have been found to reduce the beneficial effect of the lipophilic surfactant and so are excluded.
- a method of making a photographic coupler dispersion by dispersing a mixture containing the coupler and an oil-former in an aqueous hydrophilic colloid solution in the presence of an anionic surfactant, the coupler and/or the oil-former comprising a phenolic or naphtholic moiety of which the acidity is enhanced by the presence of at least one electron-withdrawing group at a position ortho or para to the phenolic hydroxyl group, wherein there is added at any stage an anionic surfactant which may be said anionic surfactant above which comprises a sulphate or sulphonate group as the sole hydrophilic group and either a single aliphatic hydrocarbon group having at least 15 carbon atoms or two or more aliphatic hydrocarbon groups which together contain at least 17 carbon atoms, but wherein no non-ionic surfactant is used.
- anionic surfactant defined above is referred to below simply as the lipophilic anionic surfactant.
- the coupler dispersions contain in the oily, dispersed, phase, at least one compound comprising a phenolic or naphtholic moiety, each such compound having at least one electron-withdrawing substituent in a position ortho or para to the phenolic hydroxyl group which enhances the acidity of that group.
- R is an alkyl or aryl group
- each of R 1 and R 2 is hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl group
- R 3 is an aryl or heterocyclic group
- M is a cation, any group R, R', R 2 and R 3 possibly being itself substituted with such substituents as alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, halogen, nitro, and carboxylic acid, ester and amide groups.
- a suitable substituent for the phenolic or naphthoic moiety has a Hammett p-Substituent Constant greater than zero: See, for instance, the article by Exner in the book'Advances in Linear Free Energy Relationships', edited by Chapman and Shorter, Plenum Press (London) 1972.
- the compound comprising the acidic phenolic, or naphtholic, moiety may be the coupler itself, in which case it may be a suitably substituted member of one of the various classes of cyan dye-forming coupler.
- couplers are described in, for example:
- the compound comprising the acidic phenolic or naphtholic moiety may be a coupler giving, on colour development, a magenta or yellow dye, coupling taking place preferentially at a pyrazolone or active methylene coupling position rather than at a position para to the hydroxyl group of the phenolic or naphtholic moiety.
- Couplers of this kind are described in, for instance: U.K. Patent Specification 1,474,128.
- Coupler solvents having acidic phenolic or naphtholic moieties are described in, for instance: US Patent 4,207,393 and 4,228,235.
- Coupler solvents Any of the usual coupler solvents may be employed as the oil-former in a dispersion of the invention. Suitable solvents are inert high-boiling liquids or low-melting solids, well-known examples being dibutyl phthalate and tricresyl phosphate. Numerous other coupler solvents are described in UK Patent Specification 541,589.
- a coupler dispersion contains an anionic surfactant which comprises, as the sole hydrophilic group, a group of formula -S0 3 M or -OS0 3 M (where M is any convenient cation) and either a single aliphatic hydrocarbon group having at least 15 carbon atoms or two or more aliphatic hydrocarbon groups which together contain at least 17 carbon atoms.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group or groups may contain unsaturation and the surfactant molecule may contain such non-hydrophilic features as ether, amide or sulphonamide linkages and ester groups.
- Classes of surfactant having at least some members in accordance with these requirements include:
- Preferred surfactants from these classes are alkane sulphonates (class i) of formula: R'S0 3 M and alkylphenol sulphonates (class ix) of formula: wherein R 1 is a straight chain alkyl or alkenyl group of at least 15 carbon atoms, and M is a cation, and dialkylsulphosuccinates (class xi) of formula: wherein m+n is at least 17, m and n being the same or different, M in the above formulae is a hydrogen ion, an alkali metal ion or any other suitable cation.
- a mixture of two or more compounds may be used.
- two or more couplers, coupler solvents or lipophilic surfactants may be employed, it being necessary for only one of these compounds to comprise an acidic phenolic or naphtholic moiety.
- the dispersing agent used in a method of the invention may also include an additional, and less lipophilic, anionic surfactant.
- an additional, and less lipophilic, anionic surfactant This may be from the classes (i) to (xiii) listed above, the reduced lipophilic character being achieved through the presence of fewer carbon atoms in the aliphatic hydrocarbon group or groups present or through the presence of more than one hydrophilic group, any additional group being, for instance an hydroxyl, or a carboxylic acid or salt, group.
- a second anionic surfactant may contain a single group -S0 3 M or -OS0 3 M and either a single aliphatic hydrocarbon group having fewer than 15 carbon atoms or two or more aliphatic hydrocarbon groups which together contain fewer than 17 carbon atoms.
- an additional anionic surfactant may be of some other class such as a sulphonated monoglyceride, a sulphated fat or oil having a free carboxyl group, and a-sulphocarboxylic acid, an alkyl glyceryl ether sulphonate or an N-acylated-amino acid.
- the coupler-coupler solvent solution or mixture is dispersed, with the aid of a surfactant or surfactant mixture, in an aqueous hydrophilic colloid solution.
- the colloid is preferably gelatin or a simple derivative such as phthalated gelatin.
- the dispersion step in a method of the invention may be effected conventionally using any high-speed mixing device.
- a water-miscible or volatile water-immiscible 'auxiliary solvent' may be present, being removed by washing with water from the set dispersion or when volatile, by evaporation under reduced pressure.
- Auxiliary solvents and their use are described in, for example, U.S. Patent 2,801,171.
- the compound comprising a phenolic or naphtholic moiety of enhanced acidity, or mixture of such compounds preferably constitutes at least 5% by weight of an oil phase (i.e. the coupler, water-immiscible solvent and lipophilic anionic surfactant) and the lipophilic anionic surfactant preferably constitutes at least 1 % by weight of the oil phase.
- an oil phase i.e. the coupler, water-immiscible solvent and lipophilic anionic surfactant
- the lipophilic anionic surfactant preferably constitutes at least 1 % by weight of the oil phase.
- the weight of lipophilic surfacent is usually present at a concentration of from 1 to 100% by weight, the preferred range being 3 to 20%.
- a coupler dispersion made by a method of the invention is employed conventionally in the manufacture of incorporated-coupler silver halidecolour photographic materials, both negative and positive.
- Numerous references to patent specifications and other publications relating to silver halide photographic materials, including colour materials and their processing, are given in Research Disclosure December 1978, Item 17643 (see especially sections VII, XI, XIV and XIX).
- the dispersion is mixed with the appropriate coating composition, usually a gelatino-silver halide photographic emulsion, prior to coating.
- Photographic coatings were prepared by combining together, under safelight conditions, 1.5 g of coupler dispersion, 1.5 g of 12./2% w/v aqueous gelatin solution, 0.20 ml of photographic paper type silver chlorobromide emulsion (approximately 1.0 molar in silver halide) and 5.5 ml water. 5% w/v chromic sulphate solution, 0.30 ml, was added immediately prior to coating on photographic film base at a wet thickness of approximately 0.1 mm.
- Portions of dried coating were exposed to room light for 5s and then developed for 210 s in a p-phenylenediamine developer (KODAK 'Ektaprint 2', trade mark) at 31 °C, bleach-fixed for 120s in a bleach-fix solution (KODAK 'Ektaprint'), washed for 30 minutes in running water, and dried.
- a p-phenylenediamine developer (KODAK 'Ektaprint 2', trade mark) at 31 °C
- bleach-fixed for 120s in a bleach-fix solution (KODAK 'Ektaprint')
- the resulting cyan density of each sample was measured with a transmission densitometer through a red filter.
- the samples were then incubated in an oven at 60°C and 70% relative humidity and the dye density measured from time to time.
- the initial optical density (D,) and the percentage density loss at the various times are reorded in Table 1.
- This example illustrates the use of a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfactants.
- a coupler dispersion was prepared by dissolving coupler 1, 5.0 g, in di-n-butyl phthalate, 2.8 g together with 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethyl acetate, 0.4 g, and mechanically dispersing the resulting oily solution in 11.5% w/v gelating solution, 42 g, containing sodium tri-isopropylnaphthalene sulphonate, 0.18 g. Portions of 10 g were withdrawn, and 10% w/v solutions of sodium bis (tridecyl) sulphosuccinate in 1:2 methanol:water were added as in Table 2 and mechanically dispersed into the dispersion.
- Photographic coatings were prepared by combining together, under safelight conditions, 1.0 g of coupler dispersion, 1.5 g of 12.1/2% w/v aqueous gelatin solution, 0.20 ml of photographic paper type silver chlorobromide emulsion (approximately 1.0 molar in silver halide), and 6.0 ml water. 5% w/v chromic sulphate solution, 0.30 ml, was added immediately prior to coating on photographic film base at a wet thickness of approximately 0.1 mm.
- Example 2 Portions of dried coatings were exposed, processed and tested as in Example 1: the results are given in Table 2.
- a low humidity accelerated keeping test was also carried out by placing processed strips in an oven at 77°C with no added humidity, and measuring the dye density at intervals as before. These results are given in Table 3.
- This example illustrates another combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfactants.
- Coupler dispersions were prepared by dissolving together 1.0 g of coupler I, 0.6 g of tricresyl phosphate, and 0.10 g of sodium bis (tridecyl) sulphosuccinate, and mechanically dispersing the resulting oily solution into 5.0 g of a 12.1/2% w/v aqueous gelatin solution mixed with 3.0 ml water and 10% w/v aqueous sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate (a non-lipophilic anionic surfactant) as stated in Table 4.
- the dispersion prepared for Example 2 was used for the control.
- Example 2 Coatings were prepared as in Example 2, except that 0.9 ml of dispersion and 6.1 ml of water were added. Testing was as in Example 2, and results are given in Tables 4 and 5.
- the washed dispersion was melted at 40°C and to a 5.0 g portion was added 0.2 g of a 70% w/w solution of sodium bis (tridecyl) sulphosuccinate ('Aerosol TR70' - trade mark - supplied by Cyanamid of Great Britain Limited). This solution was mechanically dispersed into the dispersion sample.
- Coatings were prepared as in Example 2, except that 1.3 g of dispersion and 4.9 ml of water were used for each coating. Testing was carried out as in Example 2 and the results are as shown in Table 6.
- Dispersions of coupler were prepared by dissolving coupler, 1.5 g, in di-n-butyl phthalate, 0.9 gl and ethyl acetate, 0.9 g, and mechanically dispersing the resultant solution in 15 g of 9.2% w/w gelatin to which had been added 10% sodium triisopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, 0.6 ml.
- Photographic coatings were prepared by combining together, under safelight conditions, the treated portion of coupler dispersion, 1.5 g of 12 1/2 w/v aqueous gelatin solution, 0.25 ml of photographic paper type silver chlorobromide emulsion (approximately 1.0 molar in silver halide) and 5.7 ml of water.
- Couplers III to V had the structures:
- This Example illustrates the use of the surfactants when coupler IV was dispersed in the presence of an acidic phenol coupler solvent.
- Coupler IV 1.0 g; n-dodecyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.33 g; n-octyl-p-hydroxy-benzoate, 0.33 g; and N,N-diethyl lauramide, 0.33 g, were melted together to form an oily solution.
- This solution was mechanically dispersed into 7.6 g of 10.5% w/w gelatin solution, to which had been added 0.8 g of 10% w/w sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate aqueous solution and other surfactants as stated in Table 9
- Photographic coatings were prepared by combining together under safelight conditions, 0.8 g of coupler dispersion, 0.25 g of silver chlorobromide photographic paper emulsion (approximately 1.0 molar in silver halide), 1.0 g of 12% w/w gelatin aqueous solution, and 6.6 ml of water. 5% w/v chromic sulphate solution, 0.30 ml, was added immediately prior to coating on photographic film base at a wet thickness of approximately 0.10 mm.
- the coupler used in this Example had an acidic phenol leaving group.
- the results show how the dark stability of the image dye was most diminished in areas of low image density, where most acidic phenol remained.
- the stabilising effect of the surfactants is illustrated; the effects varied with the humidity at which the accelerated dark fading was carried out.
- a coupler dispersion and coatings were prepared as in Example 5, except that coupler VI was used.
- the coatings were exposed to a photographic step wedge and processed as in Example 5.
- the image densities of the various steps of the image were measured (blue filter).
- the strips were incubated either for 60 days at 60°C, 70% RH or for 28 days at 77°C. low RH. Results are given in Table 10: coating A had 0.3 ml water added, B had 0.3 ml 7% Aerosol TR70, as in Example 5.
- Multilayer coatings were made on a paper support according to the following.summary.
- the numbers in parenthesis are coverages expressed as mg/m 2.
- the coverages relate to the silver present.
- Couplers were incorporated in the layers as dispersions, being mixed with di-n-butyl phthalate (one half the coupler weight in the case of the cyan and magenta couplers and one quarter the coupler weight in the case of the yellow coupler) and dispersed in aqueous gelatin solutions with the aid of sodium tri- ispropyl naphthalene sulphonate.
- the UV absorber in layer 4 comprised a mixture of 84.1 % (by weight) of 2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-pentyl-phenyl) benzotriazole, 15% 2-(2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl) benzotriazole and 0.9% dioctylhydroquinone dispersed in 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethyl acetate.
- the gelatin hardener in layer 1 was bis(vinylsulphonylmethyl) ether and was added in an amount equal to 1.75% of the total weight of the gelatin in the multilayer coating.
- Samples of the four coatings were exposed, processed as described in Example 1 and then used for determining the stability of the cyan dye image under incubation test conditions. In all the tests the loss in red-light reflection density of an image having an initial value of 1.7 was measured as a function of the incubation time. Two different test conditions were used, 77°C and 15% relative humidity for the two week tests and 60°C and 70% relative humidity for 16 week tests.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
- This invention relates to dispersions of couplers useful in the manufacture of sensitive silver halide colour photographic materials.
- It is well known to incorporate dye-forming coupers into photographic silver halide emulsion layers, or adjacent hydrophilic colloid layers, so that an imagewise distribution of oxidized colour developing agent obtained by developing silver halide in the emulsion layer reacts with the coupler to form a dye image. In a colour photographic material having red-, green- and blue-sensitive emulsion layers for providing, respectively, cyan, magenta and yellow dye images, it is necessary, in order to prevent contamination of each dye image with one or both of the other dyes, to ensure that the cyan, magenta and yellow couplers cannot diffuse from their positions in or near their respective emulsion layers. A common method of preventing coupler diffusion comprises providing the coupler with a water-insoluble 'ballast' group and, before mixing it with the relevant coating composition, dispersing it as a uniform mixture with a water-insoluble high-boiling organic solvent, termed a coupler solvent or an 'oil-former', on an aqueous gelatin solution. A surface-active agent is used to facilitate the dispersion process and to help stabilise the dispersion obtained.
- A great variety of surface active agents have been made available and many types have been suggested for use in photographic materials. However, relatively hydrophobic surface active agents have been suggested for this purpose much less frequently than surfactants of other classes. Instances concerning the preparation of dispersions of water-insoluble addenda, such as colour couplers are to be found in U.S. patents 3,676,141 and 3,912,517. Both of these patents propose use of an anionic surfactant containing a sulphonate or sulphate group and a hydrophobic radical of 8 to 30 carbon atoms with a non-ionic surface active compound for aiding dispersion by a coventional high-speed mixing process.
- Many photographic coupler dispersions contain compounds with phenolic or naphtholic groups of which the acidity is enhanced by the presence of electron-withdrawing substituents in the ortho and/or para positions relative to the hydroxyl group. Well-known compounds of this kind are certain phenolic and naphtholic cyan dye-forming couplers, but couplers for producing dyes of other colours are known which contain such acidic groups. It has been found that the dark stability of dyes formed by colour development of photographic materials containing dispersions of phenolic or naphtholic compounds with enhanced acidity is not as good as is desirable. The present invention is based upon the discovery that the adverse affect on dye stability of the phenolic or naphtholic compound can be mitigated to a useful extent by use of certain lipophilic anionic surfactants in preparing the relevant dispersions. Additional anionic surfactants of more conventional type may be used to aid the dispersion process but non-ionic surfactants have been found to reduce the beneficial effect of the lipophilic surfactant and so are excluded.
- According to the present invention there is provided a method of making a photographic coupler dispersion by dispersing a mixture containing the coupler and an oil-former in an aqueous hydrophilic colloid solution in the presence of an anionic surfactant, the coupler and/or the oil-former comprising a phenolic or naphtholic moiety of which the acidity is enhanced by the presence of at least one electron-withdrawing group at a position ortho or para to the phenolic hydroxyl group, wherein there is added at any stage an anionic surfactant which may be said anionic surfactant above which comprises a sulphate or sulphonate group as the sole hydrophilic group and either a single aliphatic hydrocarbon group having at least 15 carbon atoms or two or more aliphatic hydrocarbon groups which together contain at least 17 carbon atoms, but wherein no non-ionic surfactant is used.
- The anionic surfactant defined above is referred to below simply as the lipophilic anionic surfactant.
- The coupler dispersions contain in the oily, dispersed, phase, at least one compound comprising a phenolic or naphtholic moiety, each such compound having at least one electron-withdrawing substituent in a position ortho or para to the phenolic hydroxyl group which enhances the acidity of that group. As is well known, many substituents have an electron-withdrawing effect and the following are listed as examples:
-
- Alternatively the compound comprising the acidic phenolic or naphtholic moiety may be a coupler giving, on colour development, a magenta or yellow dye, coupling taking place preferentially at a pyrazolone or active methylene coupling position rather than at a position para to the hydroxyl group of the phenolic or naphtholic moiety. Couplers of this kind are described in, for instance: U.K. Patent Specification 1,474,128.
- Another alternative is for the compound comprising the acidic phenolic or naphtholic moiety to be a coupler solvent, in which case the coupler itself need not contain such a moiety. Coupler solvents having acidic phenolic or naphtholic moieties are described in, for instance: US Patent 4,207,393 and 4,228,235.
- Any of the usual coupler solvents may be employed as the oil-former in a dispersion of the invention. Suitable solvents are inert high-boiling liquids or low-melting solids, well-known examples being dibutyl phthalate and tricresyl phosphate. Numerous other coupler solvents are described in UK Patent Specification 541,589.
- A coupler dispersion contains an anionic surfactant which comprises, as the sole hydrophilic group, a group of formula -S03M or -OS03M (where M is any convenient cation) and either a single aliphatic hydrocarbon group having at least 15 carbon atoms or two or more aliphatic hydrocarbon groups which together contain at least 17 carbon atoms. The aliphatic hydrocarbon group or groups may contain unsaturation and the surfactant molecule may contain such non-hydrophilic features as ether, amide or sulphonamide linkages and ester groups. Classes of surfactant having at least some members in accordance with these requirements include:
- i) alkane sulphonates,
- ii) alcohol sulphates,
- iii) ether alcohol sulphates,
- iv) sulphated polyol esters,
- v) sulphated alkanolamides,
- vi) sulphated amides,
- vii) sulphated esters,
- viii) sulphonated esters,
- ix) alkylarylsulphonates,
- x) olefin sulphonates,
- xi) sulphopoplycarboxylic esters,
- xii) sulphonalkylesters of fatty acids,
- xiii) sulphoalkylamides of fatty acids,
- ix) petroleum sulphonates as described in our copending application based on British Application 8428678.
- Preferred surfactants from these classes are alkane sulphonates (class i) of formula: R'S03M and alkylphenol sulphonates (class ix) of formula:
- Instead of using a single compound for any constituent of a dispersion, a mixture of two or more compounds may be used. Thus two or more couplers, coupler solvents or lipophilic surfactants may be employed, it being necessary for only one of these compounds to comprise an acidic phenolic or naphtholic moiety.
- The dispersing agent used in a method of the invention may also include an additional, and less lipophilic, anionic surfactant. This may be from the classes (i) to (xiii) listed above, the reduced lipophilic character being achieved through the presence of fewer carbon atoms in the aliphatic hydrocarbon group or groups present or through the presence of more than one hydrophilic group, any additional group being, for instance an hydroxyl, or a carboxylic acid or salt, group. Thus a second anionic surfactant may contain a single group -S03M or -OS03M and either a single aliphatic hydrocarbon group having fewer than 15 carbon atoms or two or more aliphatic hydrocarbon groups which together contain fewer than 17 carbon atoms. Alternatively, an additional anionic surfactant may be of some other class such as a sulphonated monoglyceride, a sulphated fat or oil having a free carboxyl group, and a-sulphocarboxylic acid, an alkyl glyceryl ether sulphonate or an N-acylated-amino acid.
- The coupler-coupler solvent solution or mixture is dispersed, with the aid of a surfactant or surfactant mixture, in an aqueous hydrophilic colloid solution. The colloid is preferably gelatin or a simple derivative such as phthalated gelatin.
- The dispersion step in a method of the invention may be effected conventionally using any high-speed mixing device. A water-miscible or volatile water-immiscible 'auxiliary solvent' may be present, being removed by washing with water from the set dispersion or when volatile, by evaporation under reduced pressure. Auxiliary solvents and their use are described in, for example, U.S. Patent 2,801,171.
- In carrying out a method of the invention, the compound comprising a phenolic or naphtholic moiety of enhanced acidity, or mixture of such compounds, preferably constitutes at least 5% by weight of an oil phase (i.e. the coupler, water-immiscible solvent and lipophilic anionic surfactant) and the lipophilic anionic surfactant preferably constitutes at least 1 % by weight of the oil phase. Relatively to the weight of the coupler, the weight of lipophilic surfacent is usually present at a concentration of from 1 to 100% by weight, the preferred range being 3 to 20%.
- A coupler dispersion made by a method of the invention is employed conventionally in the manufacture of incorporated-coupler silver halidecolour photographic materials, both negative and positive. Numerous references to patent specifications and other publications relating to silver halide photographic materials, including colour materials and their processing, are given in Research Disclosure December 1978, Item 17643 (see especially sections VII, XI, XIV and XIX). Thus the dispersion is mixed with the appropriate coating composition, usually a gelatino-silver halide photographic emulsion, prior to coating.
- The invention is illustrated by the following Examples.
- Dispersions of coupler I having the structure;
-
- Photographic coatings were prepared by combining together, under safelight conditions, 1.5 g of coupler dispersion, 1.5 g of 12./2% w/v aqueous gelatin solution, 0.20 ml of photographic paper type silver chlorobromide emulsion (approximately 1.0 molar in silver halide) and 5.5 ml water. 5% w/v chromic sulphate solution, 0.30 ml, was added immediately prior to coating on photographic film base at a wet thickness of approximately 0.1 mm.
- Portions of dried coating were exposed to room light for 5s and then developed for 210 s in a p-phenylenediamine developer (KODAK 'Ektaprint 2', trade mark) at 31 °C, bleach-fixed for 120s in a bleach-fix solution (KODAK 'Ektaprint'), washed for 30 minutes in running water, and dried.
- The resulting cyan density of each sample was measured with a transmission densitometer through a red filter. The samples were then incubated in an oven at 60°C and 70% relative humidity and the dye density measured from time to time. The initial optical density (D,) and the percentage density loss at the various times are reorded in Table 1.
- It will be seen that the image dyes from dispersions made according to the invention faded at less than half the rate of the dyes from the prior art dispersions (sodium tri-isopropylnaphthalene sulphonate peptised) in this accelerated dark keeping test.
- This example illustrates the use of a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfactants.
- A coupler dispersion was prepared by dissolving coupler 1, 5.0 g, in di-n-butyl phthalate, 2.8 g together with 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethyl acetate, 0.4 g, and mechanically dispersing the resulting oily solution in 11.5% w/v gelating solution, 42 g, containing sodium tri-isopropylnaphthalene sulphonate, 0.18 g. Portions of 10 g were withdrawn, and 10% w/v solutions of sodium bis (tridecyl) sulphosuccinate in 1:2 methanol:water were added as in Table 2 and mechanically dispersed into the dispersion.
- Photographic coatings were prepared by combining together, under safelight conditions, 1.0 g of coupler dispersion, 1.5 g of 12.1/2% w/v aqueous gelatin solution, 0.20 ml of photographic paper type silver chlorobromide emulsion (approximately 1.0 molar in silver halide), and 6.0 ml water. 5% w/v chromic sulphate solution, 0.30 ml, was added immediately prior to coating on photographic film base at a wet thickness of approximately 0.1 mm.
- Portions of dried coatings were exposed, processed and tested as in Example 1: the results are given in Table 2. A low humidity accelerated keeping test was also carried out by placing processed strips in an oven at 77°C with no added humidity, and measuring the dye density at intervals as before. These results are given in Table 3.
- This example illustrates another combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfactants.
- Coupler dispersions were prepared by dissolving together 1.0 g of coupler I, 0.6 g of tricresyl phosphate, and 0.10 g of sodium bis (tridecyl) sulphosuccinate, and mechanically dispersing the resulting oily solution into 5.0 g of a 12.1/2% w/v aqueous gelatin solution mixed with 3.0 ml water and 10% w/v aqueous sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate (a non-lipophilic anionic surfactant) as stated in Table 4. The dispersion prepared for Example 2 was used for the control.
-
- A dispersion of coupler II having the formula
-
-
- This is a comparative example in which no acidic phenol or naphthol was present.
- Dispersions of coupler were prepared by dissolving coupler, 1.5 g, in di-n-butyl phthalate, 0.9 gl and ethyl acetate, 0.9 g, and mechanically dispersing the resultant solution in 15 g of 9.2% w/w gelatin to which had been added 10% sodium triisopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, 0.6 ml.
- 1.0 g portions of dispersion were taken and 0.3 ml of water or of a solution of hydrophobic surfactant added (see Table 7) and the mixture held for 20 minutes at 40°C.
- Photographic coatings were prepared by combining together, under safelight conditions, the treated portion of coupler dispersion, 1.5 g of 12 1/2 w/v aqueous gelatin solution, 0.25 ml of photographic paper type silver chlorobromide emulsion (approximately 1.0 molar in silver halide) and 5.7 ml of water.
- 5% w/v chromic sulphate solution, 0.30 ml, was added immediately prior to coating on photographic film base at a wet thickness of approximately 0.1 mm.
- Portions of dried coatings were exposed to room light for 5s and then developed for 210s at 31°C. bleach-fixed for 60s, washed for 10 minutes in running water, and dried. The processing solutions used were as for Example 1.
- The resulting dye density of each sample was measured with a transmission densitometer through an appropriate filter: green for a magenta image, blue for a yellow image. The samples were then incubated in the dark in an oven at 60°C and 70% relative humidity for four weeks and the dye densities again measured. The percentage fades which had occurred are listed in Table 7. It will be seen that the presence of the surfactants did not improve the dark stability.
- This Example illustrates the use of the surfactants when coupler IV was dispersed in the presence of an acidic phenol coupler solvent.
- Coupler IV, 1.0 g; n-dodecyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, 0.33 g; n-octyl-p-hydroxy-benzoate, 0.33 g; and N,N-diethyl lauramide, 0.33 g, were melted together to form an oily solution. This solution was mechanically dispersed into 7.6 g of 10.5% w/w gelatin solution, to which had been added 0.8 g of 10% w/w sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate aqueous solution and other surfactants as stated in Table 9
- Photographic coatings were prepared by combining together under safelight conditions, 0.8 g of coupler dispersion, 0.25 g of silver chlorobromide photographic paper emulsion (approximately 1.0 molar in silver halide), 1.0 g of 12% w/w gelatin aqueous solution, and 6.6 ml of water. 5% w/v chromic sulphate solution, 0.30 ml, was added immediately prior to coating on photographic film base at a wet thickness of approximately 0.10 mm.
-
- The coupler used in this Example had an acidic phenol leaving group. The results show how the dark stability of the image dye was most diminished in areas of low image density, where most acidic phenol remained. The stabilising effect of the surfactants is illustrated; the effects varied with the humidity at which the accelerated dark fading was carried out.
- A coupler dispersion and coatings were prepared as in Example 5, except that coupler VI was used. The coatings were exposed to a photographic step wedge and processed as in Example 5. The image densities of the various steps of the image were measured (blue filter). The strips were incubated either for 60 days at 60°C, 70% RH or for 28 days at 77°C. low RH. Results are given in Table 10: coating A had 0.3 ml water added, B had 0.3 ml 7% Aerosol TR70, as in Example 5.
- Coupler VI
-
-
- Note: surfactant solutions:
- A, 7% sodium bis-tridecyl sulphosuccinate
- C, 10%. Hostapur SAS 60 (Trade Mark) (This
- is a mixture of C13 - C18 sodium alkyl
- sulphonates)
- D, 10% sodium pentadecyl phenol sulphonate.
-
- Multilayer coatings were made on a paper support according to the following.summary. The numbers in parenthesis are coverages expressed as mg/m2. In the case of the silver halide in the emulsion layers, the coverages relate to the silver present.
- Layer 6 - Gelatin (1076)
- Layer 5 - Gelatin (1679), red-sensitive silver chlorobromide emulsion (281), cyan coupler (1076) and hydrophobic surfactant (301) (see Table 11).
- Layer 4 - Gelatin (1313), UV-absorber (861), dioctylhydroquinone (58)
- Layer 3 - Gelatin (1851), green-sensitive silver chlorobromide emulsion (418), magenta coupler IV (522)
- Layer 2 - Gelatin (753), dioctylhydroquinone (54)
- Layer 1 - Gelatin (1690), blue-sensitive silver chlorobromide emulsion (403), yellow coupler III (990), gelatin hardener.
- Support - Electron-bombarded polyethylene coated paper. The couplers were incorporated in the layers as dispersions, being mixed with di-n-butyl phthalate (one half the coupler weight in the case of the cyan and magenta couplers and one quarter the coupler weight in the case of the yellow coupler) and dispersed in aqueous gelatin solutions with the aid of sodium tri- ispropyl naphthalene sulphonate. The UV absorber in layer 4 comprised a mixture of 84.1 % (by weight) of 2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-pentyl-phenyl) benzotriazole, 15% 2-(2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl) benzotriazole and 0.9% dioctylhydroquinone dispersed in 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethyl acetate. The gelatin hardener in layer 1 was bis(vinylsulphonylmethyl) ether and was added in an amount equal to 1.75% of the total weight of the gelatin in the multilayer coating.
-
- Samples of the four coatings were exposed, processed as described in Example 1 and then used for determining the stability of the cyan dye image under incubation test conditions. In all the tests the loss in red-light reflection density of an image having an initial value of 1.7 was measured as a function of the incubation time. Two different test conditions were used, 77°C and 15% relative humidity for the two week tests and 60°C and 70% relative humidity for 16 week tests.
-
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB848429677A GB8429677D0 (en) | 1984-11-23 | 1984-11-23 | Photographic coupler dispersions |
GB8429677 | 1984-11-23 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0182658A2 EP0182658A2 (en) | 1986-05-28 |
EP0182658A3 EP0182658A3 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
EP0182658B1 true EP0182658B1 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
Family
ID=10570182
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19850308436 Expired EP0182658B1 (en) | 1984-11-23 | 1985-11-20 | Photographic coupler dispersions |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0182658B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS61184542A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1261190A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3577358D1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB8429677D0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07119947B2 (en) * | 1986-09-11 | 1995-12-20 | コニカ株式会社 | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material containing novel surfactant |
US4933270A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1990-06-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Process for the precipitation of stable colloidal dispersions of base degradable components of photographic systems in the absence of polymeric steric stabilizers |
US5015564A (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1991-05-14 | Eastman Kodak Company | Stabilizatin of precipitated dispersions of hydrophobic couplers, surfactants and polymers |
US5089380A (en) * | 1989-10-02 | 1992-02-18 | Eastman Kodak Company | Methods of preparation of precipitated coupler dispersions with increased photographic activity |
US5380628A (en) * | 1991-07-29 | 1995-01-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of preparing coupler dispersions |
JP2005070286A (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2005-03-17 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Silver halide photographic material |
JP2005275160A (en) | 2004-03-25 | 2005-10-06 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Silver halide photographic material |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1193349A (en) * | 1967-10-30 | 1970-05-28 | Ilford Ltd | Dispersing Colour Couplers |
GB1346425A (en) * | 1970-08-13 | 1974-02-13 | Agfa Gevaert | Method of incorporating photographic compounds into hydrophilic colloids |
JPS5066230A (en) * | 1973-10-12 | 1975-06-04 | ||
JPS525518A (en) * | 1975-07-03 | 1977-01-17 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Photographic light sensitive material |
-
1984
- 1984-11-23 GB GB848429677A patent/GB8429677D0/en active Pending
-
1985
- 1985-11-07 CA CA000494801A patent/CA1261190A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-11-20 DE DE8585308436T patent/DE3577358D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-11-20 EP EP19850308436 patent/EP0182658B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-11-25 JP JP26470085A patent/JPS61184542A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8429677D0 (en) | 1985-01-03 |
JPS61184542A (en) | 1986-08-18 |
CA1261190A (en) | 1989-09-26 |
EP0182658A3 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
DE3577358D1 (en) | 1990-05-31 |
EP0182658A2 (en) | 1986-05-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2322027A (en) | Color photography | |
US4749645A (en) | Heterocyclic phosphorus compound stabilizers | |
US5298368A (en) | Photographic coupler compositions and methods for reducing continued coupling | |
US5008179A (en) | Increased activity precipitated photographic materials | |
US4275145A (en) | Method for dispersing oil-soluble photographic additives | |
EP0182658B1 (en) | Photographic coupler dispersions | |
EP0152296A2 (en) | Silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material | |
CA1268984A (en) | Dispersions of water-insoluble photographic addenda | |
US4766061A (en) | Photographic coupler dispersions | |
US4297438A (en) | Color-photographic development process | |
US4464464A (en) | Color photographic recording material | |
US5429913A (en) | Photographic coupler compositions containing ballasted alcohols and methods | |
US2689793A (en) | Controlling grain and contrast in color photography | |
US4368259A (en) | Color photographic recording material containing an emulsified, hydrophilic color-forming compound | |
EP0570973A1 (en) | Color photographic materials and methods containing DIR or DIAR couplers and phenolic coupler solvents | |
US5484695A (en) | Surfactants and hydrophilic colloid compositions and materials containing them | |
US5789146A (en) | Blends of couplers with homologous ballasts | |
EP0520726A1 (en) | Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material | |
JPH061360B2 (en) | Silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material | |
EP0674221B1 (en) | Surfactants and hydrophilic colloid compositions and materials containing them | |
US5763150A (en) | Surfactants and hydrophilic colloid compositions and materials containing them | |
EP0047781B1 (en) | Dye-forming developers | |
JPH04264549A (en) | Light sensitive halogenated-silver color- photograph material | |
EP0463136B1 (en) | Photographic silver chloride emulsions | |
GB2140572A (en) | Photographic dispersions |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19880621 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19890301 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3577358 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19900531 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19951115 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19951204 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19970731 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19970801 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19991004 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20001120 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20001120 |