EP0182093B1 - Process for the purification of supernatant liquors from night-soil, especially from domestic sewage treatment plants - Google Patents
Process for the purification of supernatant liquors from night-soil, especially from domestic sewage treatment plants Download PDFInfo
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- EP0182093B1 EP0182093B1 EP19850113055 EP85113055A EP0182093B1 EP 0182093 B1 EP0182093 B1 EP 0182093B1 EP 19850113055 EP19850113055 EP 19850113055 EP 85113055 A EP85113055 A EP 85113055A EP 0182093 B1 EP0182093 B1 EP 0182093B1
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- European Patent Office
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- biological
- separation
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013461 intermediate chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004197 pelvis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- FZUJWWOKDIGOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.OS(O)(=O)=O FZUJWWOKDIGOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1205—Particular type of activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1215—Combinations of activated sludge treatment with precipitation, flocculation, coagulation and separation of phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1205—Particular type of activated sludge processes
- C02F3/121—Multistep treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for cleaning the supernatant water from faecal sludge, from domestic sewage treatment plants according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the object of the present invention is to create a process for the treatment of the supernatant water of faecal sludge, which is greatly simplified in comparison, from domestic sewage treatment plants.
- this process is intended to avoid such wastewater being fed into municipal sewage treatment plants.
- the fecal sludge fed to the sewage treatment plant is first fed by the special vehicles to a sludge tank via a filling pipe led to the bottom of the sludge tank.
- the sludge pool has a capacity of approx.6,000 m 3 . This serves as a collection and buffer tank, as well as a mechanical pre-clarification for the removal of coarse parts or for the retention of floating sludge.
- the sludge basin is followed by a tapping basin with a capacity of approximately 1,600 m 3 , a monk connection separating the two basins.
- This tapping basin is used for the further separation of heavier substances in the soil area from the rest of the wastewater, ie for the spatial separation of the sludge basin and the biological stage.
- the excess water is metered out by means of a lifting device and fed to the biological stage for further treatment.
- a denitrification of part of the wastewater already treated in subsequent stages takes place in the extraction basin. This already partially degrades the ammonium nitrogen contained in the wastewater.
- the biological stage downstream of the sludge basin and extraction basin for cleaning the supernatant water serves to remove dissolved organic substances.
- the biological cleaning takes place in the classic way using the relevant known methods.
- work is carried out either by means of a plastic-filled lightweight trickling filter or by means of a roller immersion filter.
- the wastewater trickles through a round container open at the top and bottom through a poured chunk of chunk consisting of hard slag, lava slag, coke or plastic moldings.
- a slimy coating, the so-called organic turf is formed on the surface of these broccuses, which consists primarily of bacteria, fungi and single-cell organisms.
- Dissolved and colloidally distributed organic substances in the wastewater are adsorbed there and aerobic by the organisms, i.e. H. degraded under the influence of oxygen.
- the rinsed parts of the biological lawn are then separated in a clarifier.
- the secondary clarifier downstream of the trickling filter has a capacity of 350 m 3 . Since a continuous loading of the trickling filter is necessary, especially if no waste water flows from the sludge pond, a return pump is put into operation, which enables wastewater to be removed at the end of the secondary clarifier and fed to the inlet to the trickling filter.
- a roller submersible can be used as an economical alternative to biological cleaning.
- This roller submersible works in principle in the same way as the trickling filter, but the poured lump mass rotates in roller-shaped cages.
- two rollers are used, diameter 2 m, length 2 m, settlement area - 2160 m 2 .
- a secondary clarification tank with a content of approx. 350 m 3 is connected downstream of the roller immersion bodies.
- the advantage of using the trickling filter method according to the invention is u. a. also in the fact that even very small amounts of wastewater can be treated, which in the present case do not arise continuously.
- the space requirement is low and maintenance is simple.
- the degradation rate of organic substances can be up to 95%.
- the flakes produced in the biological purification stage are dead colonies of microorganisms which metabolize the dissolved or colloidal organic compounds, i.e. H. to breathe or use to synthesize species-specific substances.
- a device for simultaneous precipitation of the phosphates contained in the waste water is installed in the trickling filter process within the biological purification stage. This is done in that a metering of precipitants is provided after the roll immersion bodies.
- the biological purification stage with combined chemical precipitation is followed by a nitrification stage which serves to break down ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen.
- a nitrification stage which serves to break down ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen.
- the nitrification stage consists of a round tank with a compressed air ventilation system and a downstream secondary clarifier.
- the compressed air system consists of a soundproof encapsulated rotary lobe blower and an aerator gallery on the bottom of the basin, through which the compressed air is introduced into the wastewater in fine bubbles.
- foam cubes edge length about 1 cm
- foam cubes which take up about 35% of the pool volume.
- a pumping station with pressure line containing nitrate-containing wastewater from the outlet of the nitrification stage into the extraction basin is provided , which can be referred to as the zero oxygen zone.
- the pumping station required for this is located between the nitrification tank and the associated secondary settling tank.
- the fan is equipped with a pole-changing motor. When switching to the low speed, only enough air is driven through the round pool that the aerobic state is maintained.
- the secondary clarifier downstream of the nitrification basin has the task of retaining any settable substances before the wastewater is finally cleaned in accordance with official requirements, can leave the sewage treatment plant and is fed to the receiving water. Test fish that serve as an indicator of good cleaning performance can be kept in this clarifier.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Reinigung des Überstandswassers von Fäkalienschlämmen, aus Hauskläranlagen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for cleaning the supernatant water from faecal sludge, from domestic sewage treatment plants according to the preamble of claim 1.
Durch die verschärften Bestimmungen des Umweltschutzes und des Abfallbeseitigungsgesetzes wird die ordnungsgemäße Unterbringung der Fäkalien aus Kleinkläranlagen immer schwieriger. Eine Ablagerung auf landwirtschaftlich genutzten Flächen ist nach den §§ 1, 2 und 15 des deutschen Abfallbeseitigungsgesetzes nicht mehr möglich.The stricter provisions of environmental protection and the waste disposal law make it more and more difficult to properly accommodate faeces from small sewage treatment plants. A deposit on agricultural land is no longer possible according to §§ 1, 2 and 15 of the German Waste Disposal Act.
Es gibt eine Vielzahl ländlicher Gebiete in denen eine Kanalisation zur Ableitung der Abwässer aus Haushalten fehlt. Die Fäkalienschlämme müssen dann aus Hauskläranlagen abgesaugt und kommunalen Kläranlagen zugeführt werden. Hierbei sind jedoch die Schwierigkeiten zu berücksichtigen, die bei der Einführung in kommunale Kläranlagen entstehen können. Oftmals ist ein direktes Einleiten der konzentrierten Fäkalienschlämme in kommunale Kläranlagen nicht möglich, da dadurch das biologische Gleichgewicht der Anlage erheblich gestört werden kann.There are a large number of rural areas in which there is no sewage system for the discharge of sewage from households. The faecal sludge must then be extracted from domestic sewage treatment plants and fed to municipal sewage treatment plants. However, the difficulties that may arise during the introduction into municipal sewage treatment plants must be taken into account. It is often not possible to feed the concentrated faecal sludge directly into municipal wastewater treatment plants, as this can significantly disrupt the biological balance of the plant.
Aus der Entgegenhaltung DE-A-3 036 370 ist ein dreistufiges Verfahren zur Behandlung von Überstandswasser von Fäkalienschlämmen bekannt geworden, mit einer Vielzahl von Verfahrensschritten und einem sehr hohen apparativen Aufwand, Das zu entsorgende Abwasser wird zunächst einer mechanischen Behandlungsstufe mit mehreren Einzelstufen zugeführt, der eine zweite Behandlungsstufe zur Behandlung des anfallenden Schlamms nachgeschaltet ist. Die sich in der ersten und zweiten Behandlungsstufe ansammelnde Flüssigkeit wird in einer dritten Behandlungsstufe biologisch-chemisch und mechanisch weiterbehandelt. Auch die dritte Behandlungsstufe besteht aus einer Vielzahl von aufwendigen Einzelstufen, die das insgesamt komplizierte Verfahren ergänzen. So eignet sich dieses Verfahren auch zur zusätzlichen Verarbeitung von industriellen Abwässern.From document DE-A-3 036 370, a three-stage process for the treatment of supernatant water from faecal sludges has become known, with a large number of process steps and a very high expenditure on equipment a second treatment stage for treating the resulting sludge is connected downstream. The liquid that accumulates in the first and second treatment stages is further treated in a third treatment stage in a biochemical and mechanical manner. The third treatment stage also consists of a large number of complex individual stages that complement the overall complicated procedure. This process is also suitable for the additional processing of industrial wastewater.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein demgegenüber stark vereinfachtes Verfahren zur Behandlung des Überstandswassers von Fäkalienschlämmen und zwar aus Hauskläranlagen zu schaffen. Dieses Verfahren soll es insbesondere vermeiden, daß derartige Abwässer kommunalen Kläranlagen zugeführt werden.The object of the present invention is to create a process for the treatment of the supernatant water of faecal sludge, which is greatly simplified in comparison, from domestic sewage treatment plants. In particular, this process is intended to avoid such wastewater being fed into municipal sewage treatment plants.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Kombination der Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Hauptanspruchs gelöst.This object is achieved by the combination of the features of the characterizing part of the main claim.
Zur Lösung des problems bedurfte es einer intensiven Entwicklung bis schließlich ein der behördlichen Genehmigung gerechtes Verfahren vorlag. Insbesondere gelang es erst durch die Kombination einer mechanischen, einer biologischen und chemischen Reinigungsstufe sowie einer Nitrifikationsstufe ein optimales Ergebnis zu erzielen, so daß das Abwasser ohne Bedenken selbst in einen schwachen Vorfluter geleitet werden kann, d. h. Vorfluter mit sehr wenig Wasserführung. Erst durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist es möglich geworden, in einer Kläranlage konzentrierte Fäkalienschlämme so zu bearbeiten, daß das Überstandswasser gereinigt dem Vorfluter wieder zugeführt werden kann.In order to solve the problem, intensive development was required until a procedure that was in line with official approval was finally available. In particular, it was only possible to achieve an optimal result by combining a mechanical, a biological and chemical purification stage and a nitrification stage, so that the wastewater can be passed into a weak receiving water without any concerns, i.e. H. Receiving water with very little water flow. Only through the process according to the invention has it become possible to process concentrated faecal sludge in a sewage treatment plant in such a way that the supernatant water can be returned to the receiving water in a purified state.
Nachstehend werden die einzelnen Verfahrensschritte mit der Angabe weiterer Vorteile anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The individual method steps are explained in more detail below with the specification of further advantages using an exemplary embodiment.
Die der Kläranlage zugeführten Fäkalienschlämme werden von den Spezialfahrzeugen zunächst einem Schlammbecken über ein zum Boden des Schlammbeckens geführtes Befüllungsrohr zugeführt. Das Schlammbecken hat ein Fassungsvermögen von ca. 6.000 m3. Dieses dient als Sammel- und Pufferbecken, sowie als mechanische Vorklärung zur Absetzung von groben Teilen bzw. zur Zurückhaltung von Schwimmschlamm.The fecal sludge fed to the sewage treatment plant is first fed by the special vehicles to a sludge tank via a filling pipe led to the bottom of the sludge tank. The sludge pool has a capacity of approx.6,000 m 3 . This serves as a collection and buffer tank, as well as a mechanical pre-clarification for the removal of coarse parts or for the retention of floating sludge.
Erfindungsgemäß ist dem Schlammbecken ein Entnahmebecken mit einem Fassungsvermögen von ca. 1.600 m3 nachgeschaltet, wobei eine Mönch-Verbindung die beiden Becken trennt. Dieses Entnahmebecken dient zur weiteren Trennung schwererer im Bodenbereich befindlicher Stoffe vom übrigen Abwasser, d. h. zur räumlichen Trennung vom Schlammbecken und biologischer Stufe. Dort wird mittels einer Hebereinrichtung das überstehende Wasser dosiert entnommen und der biologischen Stufe zur Weiterbehandlung zugeführt. Darüber hinaus findet im Entnahmebecken eine Denitrifikation eines Teils des in nachfolgenden Stufen bereits behandelten Abwassers statt. Hierdurch erfolgt bereits ein Teilabbau des im Abwasser enthaltenen Amonium-Stickstoffs.According to the invention, the sludge basin is followed by a tapping basin with a capacity of approximately 1,600 m 3 , a monk connection separating the two basins. This tapping basin is used for the further separation of heavier substances in the soil area from the rest of the wastewater, ie for the spatial separation of the sludge basin and the biological stage. There, the excess water is metered out by means of a lifting device and fed to the biological stage for further treatment. In addition, a denitrification of part of the wastewater already treated in subsequent stages takes place in the extraction basin. This already partially degrades the ammonium nitrogen contained in the wastewater.
Die dem Schlammbecken und Entnahmebekken nachgeschaltete biologische Stufe zur Reinigung der Überstandswasser dient der Entfernung gelöster organischer Substanzen. Die biologische Reinigung erfolgt auf klassischem Wege über die einschlägig bekannten Verfahren. Erfindungsgemäß wird entweder mittels eines kunststoffgefüllten Leichtbau-Tropfkörpers oder mittels eines Walzentauchkörpers gearbeitet. Bei dem erstgenannten Fall rieselt das Abwasser durch einen runden oben und unten offenen Behälter durch eine geschüttete Brockenmasse, bestehend aus harter Schlacke, Lavaschlacke, Koks oder Kunststoff-Formkörper. Auf der Oberfläche dieser Brokken bildet sich nach einer Anlaufzeit von ca. 3 Wochen ein schleimiger Belag, der sog. biologische Rasen, der vorwiegend aus Bakterien, Pilzen und Einzellern besteht. Gelöste und kolloidal verteilte organische Stoffe des Abwassers werden dort adsorbiert und von den Organismen aerob, d. h. unter Sauerstoffeinwirkung abgebaut. Die abgespülten Teile des biologischen Rasens werden dann in einem Nachklärbecken abgetrennt.The biological stage downstream of the sludge basin and extraction basin for cleaning the supernatant water serves to remove dissolved organic substances. The biological cleaning takes place in the classic way using the relevant known methods. According to the invention, work is carried out either by means of a plastic-filled lightweight trickling filter or by means of a roller immersion filter. In the former case, the wastewater trickles through a round container open at the top and bottom through a poured chunk of chunk consisting of hard slag, lava slag, coke or plastic moldings. After a run-up period of approx. 3 weeks, a slimy coating, the so-called organic turf, is formed on the surface of these broccuses, which consists primarily of bacteria, fungi and single-cell organisms. Dissolved and colloidally distributed organic substances in the wastewater are adsorbed there and aerobic by the organisms, i.e. H. degraded under the influence of oxygen. The rinsed parts of the biological lawn are then separated in a clarifier.
Das dem Tropfkörper nachgeschaltete Nachklärbecken hat ein Fassungsvermögen von 350 m3. Da eine dauernde Beschickung des Tropfkörpers notwendig ist, insbesondere dann wenn aus dem Schlammteich kein Abwasser zufließt, wird eine Rückführpumpe in Betrieb genommen, die es ermöglicht, am Ende des Nachklärbeckens Abwasser zu entnehmen und dieses dem Zulauf zum Tropfkörper zuzuleiten.The secondary clarifier downstream of the trickling filter has a capacity of 350 m 3 . Since a continuous loading of the trickling filter is necessary, especially if no waste water flows from the sludge pond, a return pump is put into operation, which enables wastewater to be removed at the end of the secondary clarifier and fed to the inlet to the trickling filter.
Als wirtschaftliche Alternative zur biologischen Reinigung kann ein Walzentauchkörper verwendet werden. Dieser Walzentauchkörper arbeitet prinzipiell auf gleiche Weise wie der Tropfkörper, wobei jedoch die geschüttete Brockenmasse in walzenförmigen Käfigen rotiert. Verwendet werden beispielsweise zwei Walzen, Durchmesser 2 m, Länge 2 m, Besiedlungsfläche - 2160 m2. Den Walzentauchkörpern wird ein Nachklärbekken mit einem Inhalt von ca. 350 m3 nachgeschaltet.A roller submersible can be used as an economical alternative to biological cleaning. This roller submersible works in principle in the same way as the trickling filter, but the poured lump mass rotates in roller-shaped cages. For example, two rollers are used, diameter 2 m, length 2 m, settlement area - 2160 m 2 . A secondary clarification tank with a content of approx. 350 m 3 is connected downstream of the roller immersion bodies.
Für das Erreichen einer guten Abbaurate der organischen Stoffe in dieser biologischen Stufe ist neben einer guten mechanischen Vorklärung die Beseitigung von Ölen und Fetten erforderlich. Dies geschieht über eine Tauchwand zwischen Schlammbecken bzw. Entnahmebecken und biologischer Stufe.In order to achieve a good rate of degradation of the organic matter in this biological stage, in addition to a good mechanical pre-clarification, the removal of oils and fats is necessary. This takes place via a diving wall between the mud basin or extraction basin and the biological stage.
Der Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung des Tropfkörper-Verfahrens liegt u. a. auch darin, daß auch sehr kleine Abwassermengen behandelt werden können, die im vorliegenden Fall gerade nicht kontinuierlich anfallen. Daneben ist der Platzbedarf gering und diewartung einfach. Die Abbaurate an organischen Substanzen kann bis zu 95% betragen.The advantage of using the trickling filter method according to the invention is u. a. also in the fact that even very small amounts of wastewater can be treated, which in the present case do not arise continuously. In addition, the space requirement is low and maintenance is simple. The degradation rate of organic substances can be up to 95%.
Die bei der biologischen Reinigungsstufe entstehenden Flocken sind abgestorbene Kolonien von Mikroorganismen, die über ihren Stoffwechsel die gelösten oder kolloidalen organischen Verbindungen umsetzen, d. h. zu veratmen oder zur Synthese arteigener Substanzen verwenden.The flakes produced in the biological purification stage are dead colonies of microorganisms which metabolize the dissolved or colloidal organic compounds, i.e. H. to breathe or use to synthesize species-specific substances.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dem Tropfkörper-Verfahren innerhalb der biologischen Reinigungsstufe eine Einrichtung zur simultanen Fällung der im Abwasser enthaltenen phosphate installiert. Dies geschieht dadurch, daß nach den Walzentauchkörpern eine Zudosierung von Fällungsmitteln vorgesehen ist.According to the invention, a device for simultaneous precipitation of the phosphates contained in the waste water is installed in the trickling filter process within the biological purification stage. This is done in that a metering of precipitants is provided after the roll immersion bodies.
Bei der zwischengeschalteten chemischen Stufe wird durch Zudosierung von handelsüblichen Flockungshilfsmitteln vor allem Phosphat elliminiert, sowie eine Flockenbildung zur Abscheidung nicht absetzbarer Schwebstoffe und kolloidal gelöster Substanzen begünstigt. Als Flockungsmittel wird Eisen-III-Chloridsulfatlösung verwendet.In the intermediate chemical stage, the addition of commercial flocculants in particular eliminates phosphate, as well as the formation of flakes to separate non-settable suspended matter and colloidally dissolved substances. Iron III chloride sulfate solution is used as the flocculant.
Erfindungsgemäß ist der biologischen Reinigungsstufe mit kombinierter chemischer Fällung eine Nitrifikationsstufe nachgeschaltet, die dem Abbau von Ammonium -Stickstoff und Nitrit-Stickstoff dient. Gemäß einer behördlichen Forderung ist es notwendig, daß im Ablauf der Kläranlage der Ammonium-Stickstoffgehalt in der abgesetzten 2-Std-Mischprobe :-5 2 mg/I beträgt. Dies wird in der Nitrifikationsstufe erreicht.According to the invention, the biological purification stage with combined chemical precipitation is followed by a nitrification stage which serves to break down ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen. According to an official requirement, it is necessary that the ammonium nitrogen content in the wastewater treatment plant in the 2-hour mixed sample is: -5 2 mg / l. This is achieved in the nitrification stage.
Die Nitrifikationsstufe besteht aus einem Rundbecken mit einem Druckluftbelüftungssystem und einem nachgeschalteten Nachklärbecken. Das Druckluftsystem besteht aus einem schalldicht gekapselten Drehkolbengebläse und einer an der Beckensohle angeordneten Belüftergalerie, über welche die Druckluft feinblasig in das Abwasser eingetragen wird.The nitrification stage consists of a round tank with a compressed air ventilation system and a downstream secondary clarifier. The compressed air system consists of a soundproof encapsulated rotary lobe blower and an aerator gallery on the bottom of the basin, through which the compressed air is introduced into the wastewater in fine bubbles.
Zusätzlich befinden sich Schaumstoffwürfel (Kantenlänge ca 1 cm) als Trägermaterial für die nitrifizierenden Bakterien in dem Becken, welche ca. 35% des Beckenvolumens in Anspruch nehmen.In addition, there are foam cubes (edge length about 1 cm) as a carrier material for the nitrifying bacteria in the pool, which take up about 35% of the pool volume.
Die nitrifizierenden Bakterien bleiben praktisch vollständig auf dem Trägermaterial haften. Darüber hinaus wirken die Schaumstoffwürfel für die aus der Belüftergalerie austretenden Luftblasen als Schikanen, was sich günstig auf den Sauerstoffertragswert auswirkt. Um die geforderte Nitrikfikation zu erreichen, müssen zwei wesentliche Voraussetzungen erfüllt werden:
- 1. Das Abwasser sollte mindestens eine Temperatur von ca. 10° C oder darüber haben.
- 2. Der pH-Wert darf nicht unter 7 liegen.
- 1. The waste water should have a temperature of at least about 10 ° C or above.
- 2. The pH value must not be below 7.
Um zu verhindern, daß der pH-Wert zu weit absinkt und um den Nitrit- und Nitratgehalt durch Denitrifikation in einer der Nitrifikationsstufe vorgeschalteten O-freien-Zone zu verringern, ist vorgesehen, ein Pumpwerk mit Druckleitung nitrathaltiges Abwasser vom Austritt der Nitrifikationsstufe in das Entnahmebecken, welches als Sauerstoff-Null-Zone bezeichnet werden kann, einzuleiten. Das erforderliche Pumpwerk hierfür befindet sich zwischen dem Nitrifikationsbecken und dem zugehörigen Nachklärbecken. Um eine Entleerung der Becken während des Stillstandes der Fäkaldeponie, z. B. im Winter, zu vermeiden, ist das Gebläse mit einem polumschaltbaren Motor ausgerüstet. Bei Umschalten auf die niedrige Drehzahl wird nur so viel Luft durch das Rundbecken gefahren, daß der aerobe Zustand erhalten bleibt.In order to prevent the pH value from dropping too much and to reduce the nitrite and nitrate content by denitrification in an O-free zone upstream of the nitrification stage, a pumping station with pressure line containing nitrate-containing wastewater from the outlet of the nitrification stage into the extraction basin is provided , which can be referred to as the zero oxygen zone. The pumping station required for this is located between the nitrification tank and the associated secondary settling tank. To empty the pelvis while the faecal landfill is at a standstill, e.g. B. to avoid in winter, the fan is equipped with a pole-changing motor. When switching to the low speed, only enough air is driven through the round pool that the aerobic state is maintained.
Das dem Nitrifikationsbecken nachgeschaltete Nachklärbecken hat die Aufgabe noch eventull absetzbare Stoffe zurückzuhalten, bevor das Abwasser schließlich den behördlichen Anforderungen entsprechend gereinigt, die Kläranlage verlassen kann und dem Vorfluter zugeführt wird. In diesem Nachklärbecken können Testfische gehalten werden, die als Indikator für gute Reinigungsleistung dienen.The secondary clarifier downstream of the nitrification basin has the task of retaining any settable substances before the wastewater is finally cleaned in accordance with official requirements, can leave the sewage treatment plant and is fed to the receiving water. Test fish that serve as an indicator of good cleaning performance can be kept in this clarifier.
Verfahrenstechnisch besteht die Anlage aus folgenden Stufen:
- 1. Vorklärung:
- Schlammbecken V = 6000 m3
- Entnahmebecken V = 1600 m3.
- 2. Biologische Stufe mit simultaner Phosphatfällung:
- Walzentauchtropfkörper V = 12 m', A = 2160 m2
- Phosphatfällung mit Dosiereinrichtung
- Nachklärbecken V = 350 m3
- 3. Nitrifikation und Denitrifikation:
- Rundbecken mit Belüftungseinrichtung und Trägermaterial
- 1. Clarification:
- Mud pool V = 6000 m 3
- Withdrawal basin V = 1600 m 3 .
- 2nd biological stage with simultaneous phosphate precipitation:
- Roller immersion trickling filter V = 12 m ', A = 216 0 m2
- Phosphate precipitation with dosing device
- Clarification tank V = 35 0 m 3
- 3. Nitrification and Denitrification:
- Round pool with aeration device and support material
Pumpenschacht für Teilentnahme zur DenitrifikationPump shaft for partial removal for denitrification
Nachklärbecken.Secondary clarifier.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT85113055T ATE52239T1 (en) | 1984-11-22 | 1985-10-15 | PROCESS FOR CLEANING THE WATER FLOOR FROM FAECIAL SLUDGE, ESPECIALLY FROM HOUSEHOLD SEWAGE PLANTS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3442535 | 1984-11-22 | ||
| DE19843442535 DE3442535A1 (en) | 1984-10-12 | 1984-11-22 | Process for treating the supernatant water from faecal sludges, in particular from domestic sewage treatment plants |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0182093A2 EP0182093A2 (en) | 1986-05-28 |
| EP0182093A3 EP0182093A3 (en) | 1987-05-27 |
| EP0182093B1 true EP0182093B1 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
Family
ID=6250842
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19850113055 Expired - Lifetime EP0182093B1 (en) | 1984-11-22 | 1985-10-15 | Process for the purification of supernatant liquors from night-soil, especially from domestic sewage treatment plants |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0182093B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE52239T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3577307D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0509152A1 (en) * | 1991-04-17 | 1992-10-21 | Ecotechniek B.V. | Method and apparatus for processing manure |
| DE9215208U1 (en) * | 1992-11-09 | 1992-12-24 | Koch, Reinhard, O-8402 Gröditz | Facility for biological and chemical-adsorptive wastewater treatment |
| CN111807641B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-10-14 | 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 | Dirty multistage ecological treatment system of excrement |
| CN113371928A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-10 | 上海市水利工程设计研究院有限公司 | Treatment system and treatment method for comprehensively purifying tail water based on aquatic animals and plants |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3007782A1 (en) * | 1980-02-29 | 1981-09-17 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BIOLOGICAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT |
| DE3036370A1 (en) * | 1980-09-26 | 1982-05-19 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Faecal sludge treatment - having thickening stage stabilising and dewatering stage, and two aeration stages for extracted liquid |
| DE3137055A1 (en) * | 1981-09-17 | 1983-03-24 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | "METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BIOLOGICAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT" |
-
1985
- 1985-10-15 DE DE8585113055T patent/DE3577307D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-10-15 EP EP19850113055 patent/EP0182093B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-10-15 AT AT85113055T patent/ATE52239T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0182093A3 (en) | 1987-05-27 |
| EP0182093A2 (en) | 1986-05-28 |
| ATE52239T1 (en) | 1990-05-15 |
| DE3577307D1 (en) | 1990-05-31 |
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