EP0181365A1 - Moteurs electriques et stators pour ceux-ci - Google Patents

Moteurs electriques et stators pour ceux-ci

Info

Publication number
EP0181365A1
EP0181365A1 EP85902083A EP85902083A EP0181365A1 EP 0181365 A1 EP0181365 A1 EP 0181365A1 EP 85902083 A EP85902083 A EP 85902083A EP 85902083 A EP85902083 A EP 85902083A EP 0181365 A1 EP0181365 A1 EP 0181365A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yoke
strip
mandrel
poles
laminated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85902083A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
John Workman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0181365A1 publication Critical patent/EP0181365A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/14—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
    • H02K9/227—Heat sinks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H02K1/148—Sectional cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
    • H02K15/022—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies with salient poles or claw-shaped poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/12—Impregnating, heating or drying of windings, stators, rotors or machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/02—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting
    • H02K23/04—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting having permanent magnet excitation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/15—Mounting arrangements for bearing-shields or end plates

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electric motor stator structures having circumferentially-laminated magnetic paths, and to electric motors incorporating such structures.
  • One aspect of the invention also provides for particular methods of mounting poles and end frames to a spirally wound laminated stator, to achieve greater accuracy of pole location.
  • Another aspect of the invention resides in operating on the strip prior to winding by punching, shearing or forming.
  • This enables various features to be incorporated in the yoke in a simple and economical manner. For example, it allows bolt holes, access openings and cooling fins to be formed. It also provides a simple manner of forming a yoke with a varying thickness of flux path, which makes it possible to apply the laminated foil stator technique to the production of permanent magnet motors.
  • the invention also provides a permanent magnet motor in which the magnets are secured to a cylindrical liner on which a wound laminated structure is relatively rotatable, thus providing speed control.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a method of forming a stator yoke in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a similar method in which a different yoke is being formed
  • Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a longitudinal and a transverse cross-section of another motor having a stator yoke formed by the above method
  • Fig. 5A is a partial cross-section of one stator having a yoke which may be formed by the above method
  • Fig. 5B is a perspective exploded view of the stator of Fig. 5A and an associated end frame;
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a permanent magnet motor which may be formed by the above method?
  • Fig. 7 is a half-section of another permanent magnet motor
  • Figs. 8 and 9 are quarter-sections of modified permanent magnet motors
  • Fig. 10 is a half-section of another permanent magnet motor
  • Fig. 11 is a side view, half in section, of a further type of motor
  • Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a modification of the motor of Fig. 11;
  • Fig. 13 is a diagrammatic side view illustrating one method of curing a wound stator yoke or other laminated articles
  • Fig. 14 is a cross-section illustrating a method similar to that of Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 15 is a cross-section showing apparatus for effecting another method of curing.
  • the present invention provides a method in which a stator yoke is formed by winding a continuous metal strip 10 in a spiral fashion on a suitably-shaped mandrel 12, a material (not shown) having bonding and insulating properties being interposed between the turns of the spiral.
  • a material not shown
  • the strip 10 is subjected to punching and/or forming operations before being wound on the mandrel 12.
  • the spirally wound strip could be secured by means other than inter-turn bonding material, e.g.
  • the edge of the strip 10 may be punched to form laminae 14 for subsequent use in forming poles, or other components, and the surrounding material then sheared off as indicated at 16 to give a clean edge for winding.
  • Holes 18 are punched to form bolt holes in the wound yoke for securing the poles. Portions of the edge may be left not sheared away, to provide particular end formations for the yoke assembly; in Fig. 1 such a portion is shown punched to form a hole 20 which subsequently forms part of a cable entry.
  • This pre-winding punching is suitably effected by one or more machines (not shown) operating to a pre-arranged program so that the spacing between items such as the bolt holes 18 along the strip is varied to bring these items into juxtaposition in the successive turns of the stator yoke.
  • This data is fed to a micropro ⁇ cessor 27 which uses said pre-arranged program to control the operation of the press or the like such that features such as the bolt .holes 18 are in register in the finished wound yoke.
  • Fig. 2 shows a similar process in which the yoke is formed with a cable entry 20 and with a brushgear access port 2.
  • the strip is also pressed to form a flanged aperture 24 which cooperates with differently-sized flanged apertures such as 26 to form a flux break and cooling fins, as will be described in greater detail below.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate a complete motor formed by this method. Poles 30 are bolted to the yoke
  • the rotor 32 32 and have associated field coils 34.
  • the rotor 32 has associated field coils 34.
  • the brushgear apertures 22 are aligned with the commutator 42 and may suitably be provided with louvered covers such as 44.
  • Ribs 46 for locating the poles may be provided by preforming of the strip; the preforming may also provide a cutaway at 47 to give greater internal space at the commutator end.
  • Fig. 5 deals with an octagonal yoke for carrying four main poles and four commutating poles.
  • Each main pole such as 48 may be more accurately located by seating it in a recess 50 formed by aperturing the inner turns of the yoke, which can be done as described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
  • Shims 51 may be provided to give an accurate pole projection. The same could be done for the commutating pole 52, but this could be more difficult in the more restricted space available.
  • Figs. 5A and 5B illustrate another aspect of the present invention. There is also a problem in locating the end members asccurately on the yoke, which is of significance in achieving accurate alignment of the main bearings and thus uniformity of pole-to-rotor gaps and of interpole-to-rotor gaps.
  • the outer surfaces of the yoke at the short sides of the octagon are machined as cylindrical surfaces, as indicated at 58.
  • the radius of this surface is chosen such that the surface 58 lies principally within one layer of the yoke spiral (preferably the outermost but one) to minimise magnetic losses.
  • the end member 59 (Fig. 5B) is formed with axial bosses 60 having mating cylindrical surfaces. It is preferred, as shown in Fig. 5A, that the boss 60 does not extend across any area such as 61 where the machined surface intersects a line of bonding since this could trap moisture and lead to delamination.
  • cylindrical surfaces can be readily machined to a high degree of accuracy and concentricity, whereas attachment of end frames by, for example, axial bolts and bores can give rise to problems in accurate centering of the rotor within the stator. It also allows the accuracy of the yoke itself to be less critical, leading to simpler jigging when bonding the wound stator yoke.
  • Fig. 6 shows the general principal, ceramic magnets 62 being secured (e.g. ⁇ by adhesive bonding) to the interior of a wound stator 64.
  • the section thickness of the magnet material can be reduced by some 25% for the same demagnetization performance if the yoke section is slotted on the centreline of the pole.
  • the strip is punched before winding to provide areas in which only thin ribbons 66 are left at the end of the yoke, and shaped slots 68 are provided. If desired, the ribbons 66 could be cut off after the yoke has been bonded.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates a similar construction for a four-pole motor.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a modified four-pole motor in whicht he strip adjacent the slot edges is bent up to form cooling fins 70 (cf. Fig. 2).
  • the cooling effect is enhanced by the attachment of heat sink members 72 and 74 which may suitably be of extruded aluminium.
  • Fig. 10 illustrates another form of permanent magnet motor stator, which is punched and wound in the same manner as before.
  • the magnets 62 are provided with flux concentrating pole shoes 76, preferably of sintered or bonded ferrous particles.
  • Fig. 11 illustrates such an arrangement, in which the shell is formed by a "can" 78 formed by deep drawing to give a centre section in which a rotor bearing 80 is press fitted.
  • This stator again uses permanent magnets 62 and wound laminations 80 formed with gaps 82.
  • the laminations are also graded in axial length in their final form, this can be achieved with a winding process by scoring or slitting the strip before winding and subsequently peeling away the edge portions after the yoke has been formed.
  • the laminated structure 80 is rotatable on the can 78, a low-friction separator 84 such as p.t.f.e. being inserted between them, and is provided by pre-punching with notches 86.
  • the notches 86 are engagable by a spur wheel 88 carried by shaft 89 rotatably mounted in a bearing 90 secured to the can 78. The speed of the motor can thus be controlled by rotating the shaft 89.
  • Figs. 6 to 12 are described above in terms of permanent magnet motors. It would be possible to apply the same principles to wound-pole motors. It is also possible to achieve variable speed control using the principle of varying the amount of flux in the yoke by relative axial movement rather than relative rotational movement.
  • the poles would be mounted on an inner canister or shell, a laminated yoke structure being axially slidable thereon.
  • the motor can be of square or polygonal cross-section.
  • the present application is also concerned with the manner in which the laminated stator yoke is cured or bonded.
  • the turns of the yoke are suitably insulated and structurally bonded by " a synthetic resin applied to the strip immediately before winding, e.g. an epoxy resin. It is then preferable for the resin to be cured under heat, and during this step it is necessary to ensure that the turns do not separate and no foreign material such as gas pockets intervene between the turns.
  • the present invention overcomes these problems by the use of a pressurised medium (gas, liquid, or particulate) to apply pressure and/or heat.
  • a pressurised medium gas, liquid, or particulate
  • One simple approach is illustrated in principle in Fig. 13.
  • the laminated structure 100 is enveloped in a plastics membrane 102 sealed by adhesive tape 104.
  • Within the membrane 102 are positioned apertured p.t.f.e. tubes 106.
  • the open ends of the tubes 106 are positioned within a porous medium 108 such as glass fibre or Dacron braid.
  • the other ends of tubes 106 are connected to a vacuum source, thus removing air from within the membrane, and the structure 100 can then be heated and pressed by, for example, positioning in an autoclave fed with steam or a mixture of steam and compressed air.
  • FIG. 14 shows a more developed form of this approach.
  • a stator yoke 110 is wound on a mandrel 112. After these items are removed from the winding machine, a plastics sleeve 114 is applied and is held in position by rings 116 seating in grooves 118 in the ends of the mandrels.
  • the mandrel 112 is provided with bores 120 communicating with connectors 122 to which vacuum lines may be applied, to remove air as before. Where holes through the yoke ar present, as indicated at 124, additional bores such as 120a may be provided to assist in removing air. Suitably, any such hole will be packed with porous material (e.g.
  • the assembly may then be processed in an autoclave or in an bath of pressurised hot liquid.
  • the mandrel 112 is hollow to assist in heat transfer.
  • a rib 128 is shown which provides mechanical support, and also aids heat transfer. It would be possible to further improve heat transfer by providing further ribs, or fins, on the interior surface of the mandrel.
  • the vacuum connection may be maintained during curing, to allow the vacuum to be monitored and thus any leaks in the sleeve to be detected.
  • the sleeve 114 may be removed and the yoke 110 retained on the mandrel 112 for further processing, such as the machining of the end faces and/or faces for mounting end members.
  • the mandrel is provided with accurate locating surfaces 130 to allow it to be mounted in a lathe or other machine tool.
  • Fig. 15 shows an apparatus in which particulate material (e.g. sand or metal shot) is used to apply pressure while heating.
  • a cylindrical vessel 137 has a movable floor formed by piston 140, these two being sealed together by a flexible liner 142 to provide a container for particulate material
  • a movable lid assembly 138 carries an apertured cylindrical support 146 on which a flexible sleeve
  • a laminated yoke structure 153 can be secured to the lid assembly by positioning it over the sleeve 147 and then expanding the latter by a pressurizing gas admitted via conduit 149; if necessary, a spacer may be interposed as indicated at 125.
  • the particulate material 143 is fluidised by hot gas admitted via conduit- 145 and apertured base plate 144, and the lid assembly 138 is then lowered to close the chamber, sealing it by means of seal 139, and immerse.the yoke 153 in the particulate material.
  • the piston 140 may be moved to adjust the volume of the chamber and/or apply additional pressure.
  • Movable wall elements 141 may be provided which can be driven (by means not shown) to apply radial force to the particulate medium.
  • Outlet valves 150 allow the gas to be vented.
  • the inner pressurising gas supplied via 149 is preferably also hot gas.
  • Flexible tape 152 is preferably applied to the ends of the yoke 153 to prevent gas penetrating between the layers; alternatively the yoke 153 may be completely wrapped in a plastics cover.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)

Abstract

Une culasse de moteur électrique bobinée en spirale, de section polygonale, possède des surfaces partiellement cylindriques (58) usinées pour recevoir des bossages d'accouplement (60) d'un organe d'extrémité (59) pour obtenir une meilleure concentricité. L'invention concerne également des procédés améliorés de formation d'une culasse bobinée en spirale.
EP85902083A 1984-05-04 1985-05-07 Moteurs electriques et stators pour ceux-ci Withdrawn EP0181365A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848411534A GB8411534D0 (en) 1984-05-04 1984-05-04 Electric motors and stators
GB8411534 1984-05-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0181365A1 true EP0181365A1 (fr) 1986-05-21

Family

ID=10560521

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85902083A Withdrawn EP0181365A1 (fr) 1984-05-04 1985-05-07 Moteurs electriques et stators pour ceux-ci

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0181365A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB8411534D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1985005232A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3735209A1 (de) * 1987-10-17 1989-04-27 Richard Halm Elektromotor
GB2279183B (en) * 1993-06-18 1997-04-02 Cam Mechatronic Stator lamination design of single-phase induction motors
JP4002451B2 (ja) * 2002-02-27 2007-10-31 ミネベア株式会社 回転電機
DE102004045659A1 (de) * 2004-09-21 2006-04-06 Bosch Rexroth Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stators einer elektrischen Maschine
DK2445087T3 (da) * 2010-10-13 2013-01-21 Siemens Ag En generator, især til en vindmølle
AT522711A1 (de) * 2019-07-09 2021-01-15 Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh Stator für eine Axialflussmaschine
WO2022194390A1 (fr) * 2021-03-19 2022-09-22 Che-Motor Ag Appareil électromécanique rotatif et procédé de fabrication d'enroulement de stator

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE565421C (de) * 1928-06-02 1932-12-02 Johan Valfred Swendsen Maschine zur gleichzeitigen Herstellung von aus Blech bestehenden Staender- und Laeuferkernen einer elektrischen Maschine
US2357017A (en) * 1941-03-14 1944-08-29 Ford Motor Co Electrical apparatus and method
DE873276C (de) * 1943-05-25 1953-04-13 Siemens Ag Elektrische Maschine mit Kuehlrippen und Luftkuehlung
DE968729C (de) * 1952-09-02 1958-03-27 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung von mit Nuten oder Aussparungen versehenen aktiven Eisenkoerpern elektrischer Maschinen
DE1147674B (de) * 1961-02-23 1963-04-25 Licentia Gmbh Verfahren zur Fertigung von Magnetstaendern fuer Gleichstromkleinstmotoren
GB985665A (en) * 1961-03-30 1965-03-10 Shinko Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to d.c. dynamo electric machines
DE1464432A1 (de) * 1962-02-15 1969-05-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Impraegnieren von Wicklungskoerpern,insbesondere von Laeufern oder Staendern elektrischer Handwerkzeugmaschinen,und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens
JPS52116811A (en) * 1976-03-26 1977-09-30 Hitachi Ltd Multiwound magnetic frame and its preparation
GB1561032A (en) * 1976-06-10 1980-02-13 Workman J Laminated foil stator
JPS6041798Y2 (ja) * 1980-03-24 1985-12-19 三菱電機株式会社 回転電機

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8505232A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1985005232A1 (fr) 1985-11-21
GB8411534D0 (en) 1984-06-13

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