EP0180855B1 - Process for increasing the fatigue strength of component parts with various forms - Google Patents

Process for increasing the fatigue strength of component parts with various forms Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0180855B1
EP0180855B1 EP85113475A EP85113475A EP0180855B1 EP 0180855 B1 EP0180855 B1 EP 0180855B1 EP 85113475 A EP85113475 A EP 85113475A EP 85113475 A EP85113475 A EP 85113475A EP 0180855 B1 EP0180855 B1 EP 0180855B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
fatigue strength
increasing
various forms
component parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85113475A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0180855A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Dipl.-Ing. Bäuerle
Hansgeorg Ing. Peste (Grad.)
Erwin Pohlner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler GmbH
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler GmbH filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler GmbH
Publication of EP0180855A1 publication Critical patent/EP0180855A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0180855B1 publication Critical patent/EP0180855B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/17—Crankshaft making apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for increasing the fatigue strength of large crankshafts and similar workpieces by cold hammering of highly stressed areas with a striking device equipped with a mechanical feed drive, which can be actuated by applying a pressure medium or spring force.
  • DE-AS-1 049 197 also discloses a device for cold hammering the starts on the crank pins of crankshafts for internal combustion engines in order to achieve increased fatigue strength by increasing the local strength, by means of which the crankshaft and the workpiece are rotated uniformly against one another during machining . This is to achieve a uniform hammering effect, as it says there.
  • the invention is based on the finding that it is not possible to precisely match the impact force and the impact distance to the workpiece if the workpiece is rotated during the impact.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving the method of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that an increase in the fatigue strength beyond the known level is possible.
  • hammering can take place in a localized manner, specifically to the areas which are subject to the highest stress, such as fillets, bore openings and cross-sectional transitions.
  • an apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1 consists of a lower part 2, a gear box 3, a support 4 and a plurality of striking devices 9, which act on the workpiece 1 clamped between clamping disks 7.
  • the support 4 and striking means 9 are longitudinally displaceable to enable adaptation to the respective workpiece 1.
  • the details of this property can be considered known and are therefore not described further.
  • the gearbox 3 contains devices which bring about a controllable step-by-step turning of the tensioning disk 7 by means of a rotary drive 6 and, after completion of the turning by means of a control device 8, triggers an impact of the striking device 9 which is adjustable in strength. These devices are also known for other uses and some are commercially available, so that a more detailed description can be omitted.
  • the striking device 9 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 consists of a base body 10, which is provided with a prismatic system 11 according to the radius of the workpiece to be machined and has guides 12 therein, which guide two strikers 13 in their support plane, and them give freedom in the support angle around the bolt 15, which is considered necessary to adapt to the dimensional relationships of the component 1.
  • the bolt 15 transmits the impact energy to the strikers 13 and is therefore located in a somewhat larger hole in order to allow the strikers 13 to penetrate into the workpiece 1 to be machined.
  • An intermediate part 16 establishes the connection between the percussion piston 17 and the bolt 15, which transmits the impact energy to the striking die 13.
  • a clamping prism 18 via springs 19 with adjustable clamping bolts 20, 21 attached.
  • the impact device 9 is held in an adjustable manner in a clamping device 22 in order to determine its position relative to the workpiece 1.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an application of the method mentioned in claim 1, namely the processing of two areas simultaneously, which is to be regarded as particularly economical for this application. Machining with only one striker 13 is conceivable and can be carried out by a person skilled in the art using similar means are considered, for which purpose, however, an inclination of the striking device 9 with the application of a tuning as a replacement for the second striker 13 appears to be necessary to absorb the counter-forces that are not balanced. In a similar way, modifications of the device are also conceivable, which enable processing according to the specified method on straight-line and flat components.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steigerung der Dauerfestigkeit von Großkurbelwellen und ähnlichen Werkstücken durch Kalthämmern von höchstbeanspruchten Teilbereichen mit einer mit einem maschinellen Vorschübantrieb ausgestatteten Schlageinrichtung, die durch Beaufschlagung mit einem Druckmedium oder mit Federkraft betätigbar ist.The invention relates to a method for increasing the fatigue strength of large crankshafts and similar workpieces by cold hammering of highly stressed areas with a striking device equipped with a mechanical feed drive, which can be actuated by applying a pressure medium or spring force.

Ein solches Verfahren ist beispielsweise durch die GB-PS Nr. 811 875 bekannt. Hier wird wie bei allen anderen Verfahren dieser Art die Vibrationsbewegung des Werkzeugs während der Drehung der Kurbelwelle um ihre Achse erzeugt. Dadurch kann aber die genaue Stärke des Schlages ebenso wenig genau bestimmt werden wie auch der ausreichend genau bestimmte Schlagabstand zur Vermeidung einer Nachbearbeitung und Erreichung der höchsten Dauerfestigkeit im gehämmerten Bereich.Such a method is known for example from GB-PS No. 811 875. Here, as with all other methods of this type, the vibration movement of the tool is generated during the rotation of the crankshaft about its axis. However, this means that the exact strength of the stroke cannot be determined with any accuracy, nor can the stroke distance determined with sufficient precision to avoid reworking and achieving the highest fatigue strength in the hammered area.

Durch die DE-AS-1 049 197 ist weiter eine Vorrichtung zum Kalthämmern der Anläufe an den Kurbelzapfen von Kurbelwellen für Brennkraftmaschinen zwecks Erzielung einer erhöhten Ermüdungsfestigkeit durch Steigerung der örtlichen Festigkeit bekannt, durch die die Kurbelwelle und das Werkstück während der Bearbeitung gleichmäßig gegeneinander gedreht werden. Hierdurch soll eine gleichmäßige Hämmerwirkung erzielt werden, wie es dort heißt.DE-AS-1 049 197 also discloses a device for cold hammering the starts on the crank pins of crankshafts for internal combustion engines in order to achieve increased fatigue strength by increasing the local strength, by means of which the crankshaft and the workpiece are rotated uniformly against one another during machining . This is to achieve a uniform hammering effect, as it says there.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß eine genaue Abstimmung der Schlagkraft und des Schlagabstandes auf das Werkstück nicht möglich ist, wenn das Werkstück während des Schlages gedreht wird.The invention is based on the finding that it is not possible to precisely match the impact force and the impact distance to the workpiece if the workpiece is rotated during the impact.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art so zu verbessern, daß eine über das bekannte Maß hinausgehende Steigerung der Dauerfestigkeit möglich ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of improving the method of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that an increase in the fatigue strength beyond the known level is possible.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sind die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 vorgesehen.To achieve this object, the characterizing features of claim 1 are provided.

Dadurch wird auch die Anwendung bei großen Bauteilen möglich. Ferner kann das Hämmern örtlich begrenzt erfolgen und zwar auf die am höchsten beanspruchten Bereiche wie Hohlkehlen, Bohrungsmündungen und Querschnittsübergänge.This also enables use with large components. In addition, hammering can take place in a localized manner, specifically to the areas which are subject to the highest stress, such as fillets, bore openings and cross-sectional transitions.

Schließlich kann wegen der sehr viel größeren Gleichmäßigkeit die Nachbearbeitung der bearbeiteten Bereiche zur Beseitigung von Kerbwirkungseinflüssen entfallen.Finally, because of the much greater uniformity, the reworking of the machined areas to eliminate the effects of notch effects can be omitted.

Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sind die Merkmale des Vorrichtungsanspruchs 2 zweckmäßig.The features of device claim 2 are expedient for carrying out the method.

Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nun folgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Hinweis auf die Zeichnung. In dieser zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 Gesamtansicht der Vorrichtung
  • Fig. 2 Einzelheit "A"
  • Fig. 3 Schnitt I - I von Fig. 2
Details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing. In this show:
  • Fig. 1 General view of the device
  • Fig. 2 detail "A"
  • 3 section I - I of Fig. 2nd

Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, besteht eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 aus einem Unterteil 2, einem Getriebekasten 3, einer Abstützung 4 und mehreren Schlageinrichtungen 9, welche auf das zwischen Spannscheiben 7 eingespannte Werkstück 1 einwirken. Die Abstützung 4 und Schlageinrichtungen 9 sind längsverschiebbar, um eine Anpassung an das jeweilige Werkstück 1 zu ermöglichen. Die Einzelheiten dieser Eigenschaft können als bekannt angesehen werden, und sind somit nicht weiter beschrieben. Der Getriebekasten 3 beinhaltet Einrichtungen, die ein regelbares schrittweises Weiterdrehen der Spannscheibe 7 mittels eines Drehantriebes 6 bewirken und nach Beendigung des Weiterdrehens mittels einer Steuereinrichtung 8 einen in seiner Stärke regelbaren Schlag der Schlageinrichtung 9 auslösen. Diese Einrichtungen sind in anderer Verwendung ebenfalls bekannt und teils im Handel erhältlich, so daß eine genauere Beschreibung entfallen kann. Die in den Fig. 2 und 3 gezeigte Schlageinrichtung 9 besteht aus einem Grundkörper 10, der entsprechend dem Radius des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks mit einer prismatischen Anlage 11 versehen ist und in sich Führungen 12 aufweist, die zwei Döpper 13 in deren Abstützebene führen, und ihnen im Abstützwinkel um den Bolzen 15 Freiheit geben, die zur Anpassung an die maßlichen Verhältnisse des Bauteils 1 als erforderlich angesehen wird.As shown in FIG. 1, an apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1 consists of a lower part 2, a gear box 3, a support 4 and a plurality of striking devices 9, which act on the workpiece 1 clamped between clamping disks 7. The support 4 and striking means 9 are longitudinally displaceable to enable adaptation to the respective workpiece 1. The details of this property can be considered known and are therefore not described further. The gearbox 3 contains devices which bring about a controllable step-by-step turning of the tensioning disk 7 by means of a rotary drive 6 and, after completion of the turning by means of a control device 8, triggers an impact of the striking device 9 which is adjustable in strength. These devices are also known for other uses and some are commercially available, so that a more detailed description can be omitted. The striking device 9 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 consists of a base body 10, which is provided with a prismatic system 11 according to the radius of the workpiece to be machined and has guides 12 therein, which guide two strikers 13 in their support plane, and them give freedom in the support angle around the bolt 15, which is considered necessary to adapt to the dimensional relationships of the component 1.

Der Bolzen 15 überträgt die Schlagenergie auf die Döpper 13 und befindet sich deshalb in einer etwas größeren Bohrung, um ein Eindringen der Döpper 13 in das zu bearbeitende Werkstück 1 zu ermöglichen. Ein Zwischenteil 16 stellt die Verbindung her zwischen dem Schlagkolben 17 und dem Bolzen 15, der die Schlagenergie weitergibt an die Döpper 13. Zur Steigerung der Wirksamkeit des Schlages ist auf der Gegenseite des Grundkörpers 10 ein Spannprisma 18 über Federn 19 mit einstellbaren Spannbolzen 20, 21 befestigt. Die Schlageinrichtung 9 ist zur Bestimmung ihrer Lage zum Werkstück 1 in einer Spanneinrichtung 22 justierbar gehalten. Durch Anordnung mehrerer Schlageinrichtungen ist es möglich, alle zentrisch laufenden Bereiche gleichzeitig zu bearbeiten. Wie die Praxis zeigte, ist es nicht erforderlich zum Weiterdrehen des Werkstückes 1 zur Erreichung des Schlagabstands die Klemmung der prismatischen Aufnahme der Teile 10 und 18 zu lösen. Eine einmalige Schmierung mit den handelsüblichen Fetten gestattet die erforderliche Beweglichkeit. Fig. 1 veranschaulicht eine Anwendung des im Anspruch 1 genannten Verfahrens, und zwar die Bearbeitung von zwei Bereichen gleichzeitig, was für diesen Anwendungsfall als besonders wirtschaftlich anzusehen ist. Vorstellbar und für den Fachmann mit ähnlichen Mitteln vollziehbar kann eine Bearbeitung mit nur einem Döpper 13 angesehen werden, wozu allerdings eine Schrägstellung der Schlageinrichtung 9 unter Anbringung einer Abstimmung als Ersatz für den zweiten Döpper 13 zum Auffangen der dabei nicht ausgeglichenen Gegenkräfte als erforderlich erscheint. In ähnlicher Weise sind ebenfalls Vorrichtungsabwandlungen denkbar, die eine Bearbeitung nach dem angegebenen Verfahren an gradlinigen und ebenen Bauteilen ermöglichen.The bolt 15 transmits the impact energy to the strikers 13 and is therefore located in a somewhat larger hole in order to allow the strikers 13 to penetrate into the workpiece 1 to be machined. An intermediate part 16 establishes the connection between the percussion piston 17 and the bolt 15, which transmits the impact energy to the striking die 13. To increase the effectiveness of the impact, on the opposite side of the base body 10 there is a clamping prism 18 via springs 19 with adjustable clamping bolts 20, 21 attached. The impact device 9 is held in an adjustable manner in a clamping device 22 in order to determine its position relative to the workpiece 1. By arranging several striking devices, it is possible to machine all centrically running areas at the same time. As practice has shown, it is not necessary to loosen the clamping of the prismatic receptacle of the parts 10 and 18 in order to continue rotating the workpiece 1 in order to achieve the stroke distance. A single lubrication with the commercially available greases allows the required mobility. Fig. 1 illustrates an application of the method mentioned in claim 1, namely the processing of two areas simultaneously, which is to be regarded as particularly economical for this application. Machining with only one striker 13 is conceivable and can be carried out by a person skilled in the art using similar means are considered, for which purpose, however, an inclination of the striking device 9 with the application of a tuning as a replacement for the second striker 13 appears to be necessary to absorb the counter-forces that are not balanced. In a similar way, modifications of the device are also conceivable, which enable processing according to the specified method on straight-line and flat components.

Claims (2)

1. Method for increasing the fatigue strength of large crankshafts and similar workpieces by cold hammering the most highly stressed areas with a striking device equipped with a mechanical feed drive and which is operable through the action of a pressure medium or spring tension, characterized in that at the time of the impact there is no relative movement between tool and workpiece.
2. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1 wich a clamping mechanism (7) connectable with a rotary drive (6) for the workpiece (1) rotatably mounted in a support (4) and with at least one string device (9), which is operable by the action of a pressure medium or spring tension and which can be rotatably mounted on workpiece (1), characterized in that the rotary drive (6) is constructed as a stepping drive and a control device (8) only switches on the striking device (9) when the workpiece (1) is stationary.
EP85113475A 1984-10-23 1985-10-23 Process for increasing the fatigue strength of component parts with various forms Expired EP0180855B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3438742 1984-10-23
DE19843438742 DE3438742A1 (en) 1984-10-23 1984-10-23 METHOD FOR INCREASING THE DURABILITY OF COMPONENTS OF DIFFERENT SHAPING

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0180855A1 EP0180855A1 (en) 1986-05-14
EP0180855B1 true EP0180855B1 (en) 1989-03-08

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EP85113475A Expired EP0180855B1 (en) 1984-10-23 1985-10-23 Process for increasing the fatigue strength of component parts with various forms

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US (1) US4682489A (en)
EP (1) EP0180855B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3438742A1 (en)

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WO1991017273A1 (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-14 Vysshee Tekhnicheskoe Uchebnoe Zavedenie 'sevmashvtuz' Method and operational technological system for ultrasonic shock treatment
JPH04183211A (en) * 1990-11-13 1992-06-30 Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd Wire stripping method and wire untwisting device
US5493761A (en) * 1994-10-24 1996-02-27 Ingersoll Cm Systems, Inc. Apparatus for fillet rolling of crankshafts
DE10052753A1 (en) * 2000-10-25 2002-05-08 Hegenscheidt Mfd Gmbh & Co Kg Device for deep rolling crankshafts
WO2002042018A1 (en) * 2000-11-22 2002-05-30 Ingersoll Cm Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for rolling workpieces
US6408663B1 (en) * 2001-02-23 2002-06-25 Short Block Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for truing crankshafts
ATE308405T1 (en) * 2001-05-28 2005-11-15 Hegenscheidt Mfd Gmbh & Co Kg DEVICE FOR ROLLING PITCHES AND RADIIES OF BEARING POINTS OF CRANKSHAFTS
DE102004008728B4 (en) * 2004-02-23 2006-06-29 Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler Gmbh Method and device for increasing the fatigue strength, in particular the fatigue strength and the torsional fatigue of crankshafts
DE102005032185B4 (en) * 2005-07-09 2016-07-21 Volkswagen Ag Method for increasing the fatigue strength of crankshafts
RU2571670C2 (en) * 2013-12-30 2015-12-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Гефест ПРВ" Device and method for finish-hardening of crankshafts
DE102015203487A1 (en) * 2015-02-26 2016-09-01 Ecoroll Ag Werkzeugtechnik Clamping device for influencing workpieces and associated method
RU2625508C1 (en) * 2016-10-10 2017-07-14 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Кубанский государственный технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КубГТУ") Method of strength increase of details with coating
RU2625619C1 (en) * 2016-10-10 2017-07-17 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Кубанский государственный технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КубГТУ") Method of strength increase of details with coating
DE102017113071A1 (en) * 2017-06-14 2018-12-20 Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler Gmbh Method and device for reworking a crankshaft
DE102017113077B4 (en) 2017-06-14 2022-02-03 Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler Gmbh Method and device for impact hardening transition radii of a crankshaft
DE102017113072B4 (en) 2017-06-14 2021-04-08 Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler Gmbh Method and device for impact hardening of transition radii of a crankshaft
DE102017113066B3 (en) 2017-06-14 2018-11-15 Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler Gmbh Method for impact hardening of transition radii of a crankshaft
DE102017113078B4 (en) 2017-06-14 2019-05-29 Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler Gmbh Method and device for impact hardening of transition radii of a crankshaft
DE102017113088A1 (en) 2017-06-14 2018-12-20 Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler Gmbh Method and device for work hardening a crankshaft
DE102017113074B3 (en) * 2017-06-14 2018-11-15 Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler Gmbh Method and device for impact hardening of a transition radius of a crankshaft
DE102017113065B3 (en) * 2017-06-14 2018-11-15 Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler Gmbh Method and device for impact hardening of transition radii of a crankshaft
DE102017113070B3 (en) * 2017-06-14 2018-11-15 Maschinenfabrik Alfing Kessler Gmbh Method for impact hardening of transition radii of a crankshaft
RU179882U1 (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-05-28 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Самарский государственный технический университет" DEVICE FOR ULTRASONIC FINISHING OF EXTERNAL CYLINDRICAL SURFACES OF PARTS

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3438742C2 (en) 1988-03-24
DE3438742A1 (en) 1986-04-30
US4682489A (en) 1987-07-28
EP0180855A1 (en) 1986-05-14

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