EP0173920B1 - Adjustable spreader - Google Patents

Adjustable spreader Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0173920B1
EP0173920B1 EP19850110564 EP85110564A EP0173920B1 EP 0173920 B1 EP0173920 B1 EP 0173920B1 EP 19850110564 EP19850110564 EP 19850110564 EP 85110564 A EP85110564 A EP 85110564A EP 0173920 B1 EP0173920 B1 EP 0173920B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
piston
centrally arranged
pistons
spreader
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19850110564
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0173920A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Brendecke
Wolfgang Werther
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GG Noell GmbH
Original Assignee
GG Noell GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GG Noell GmbH filed Critical GG Noell GmbH
Publication of EP0173920A1 publication Critical patent/EP0173920A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0173920B1 publication Critical patent/EP0173920B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/101Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means for containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an adjustment spreader for receiving and transporting containers, the adjustment being carried out by extending or retracting sliding supports relative to a supporting frame, the synchronization of which is accomplished by a chain guide (see DE-B 2 119 479).
  • adjustment spreaders are also known, in which the different positions for receiving the different container sizes are fixed by means of form-fitting locks or catches.
  • Such detents for which electrical control elements are also required, cause a considerable amount of construction.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an adjustment spreader that is characterized by a high level of economy compared to the known adjustment spreader.
  • a centrally arranged, displaceable cylinder in the support frame with two separately controllable pistons, one end of which acts on the sliding support, is provided.
  • the centrally arranged cylinder is provided with a stop at one end on the piston side and a cylinder / piston unit is arranged on both sides of the cylinder Pistons are connected to one another by means of a traverse (18) comprising the cylinder arranged in the center, the effective piston surfaces being made larger than one of the effective piston surfaces of the cylinder arranged in the center and the pistons being able to be relieved of pressure separately from the cylinder arranged in the center.
  • the one end of a piston of the centrally arranged cylinder is spring-mounted.
  • a support frame is designated, on which two displacement beams 2, 3 are provided.
  • a chain guide 4 is provided on each longitudinal side of the spreader.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 5 is arranged in the middle of the spreader, the pressure chamber of which is divided by a partition 6.
  • the cylinder 5 thus has two pistons 7, 8, which extend separately when pressurized by pressure medium.
  • One end of the piston 7 is located in the cylinder 5 and the other end is resiliently mounted in the support frame 1.
  • a preloaded plate spring 9 provides the suspension (see FIG. 5).
  • One end of the piston 8 is located in the cylinder 5 and the other end is firmly connected to the displacement support 2.
  • the cylinder 5 is arranged in two bearing points 10, 11 to reduce the buckling length.
  • Figure 1 shows the spreader in the position for receiving a 20 'container.
  • the pistons 7 and 8 are completely retracted. With the extension of the piston 8, the displacement carrier 2 is moved. Due to the chain guides 4 arranged on both sides, the displacement carrier 3 is also extended in the same way and by the same distance until the piston 8 is fully extended as far as the stop.
  • the piston stroke is designed so that the exact position for receiving a 30 'container is now reached, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the existing constant pressure of the hydraulic medium ensures that the current position of the piston 8 is maintained.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Verstellspreader zur Aufnahme und zum Transportieren von Containern, wobei die Verstellung durch Aus- bzw. Einfahren von Verschiebeträgern gegenüber einem Tragrahmen erfolgt, deren Gleichgang durch eine Kettenführung bewerkstelligt wird (siehe DE-B 2 119 479).The invention relates to an adjustment spreader for receiving and transporting containers, the adjustment being carried out by extending or retracting sliding supports relative to a supporting frame, the synchronization of which is accomplished by a chain guide (see DE-B 2 119 479).

Es sind in der Praxis auch Verstellspreader bekannt, bei denen die verschiedenen Positionen zur Aufnahme der unterschiedlichen Containergroßen durch formschlüssige Arretierungen oder Rasten fest vorgegeben sind. Derartige Arretierungen, für die auch elektrische Steuerelemente erforderlich sind, verursachen einen erheblichen Konstruktionsaufwand.In practice, adjustment spreaders are also known, in which the different positions for receiving the different container sizes are fixed by means of form-fitting locks or catches. Such detents, for which electrical control elements are also required, cause a considerable amount of construction.

Bei weiterhin in der Praxis bekannten Verstellspreadern werden die verschiedenen positionen zur Aufnahme der unterschiedlichen Containergrößen kraftschlüssig gehalten und durch elektrische Endschalter angefahren und überwacht. Von Nachteil ist, daß aufgrund von unvermeidbaren Toleranzen in der Fertigung und aufgrund von Schalttoleranzen der Endschalter die verschiedenen Positionen nur bedingt genau angefahren werden können. Die hierzu notwendigen Einstellarbeiten sind oft sehr zeitaufwendig, da ein in Bewegung befindlicher Verschiebeträger genau zum richtigen Zeitpunkt abgeschaltet werden muß, um einen Trägernachlauf bis zum Stillstand zu berücksichtigen. Diese Nachlaufwege können oft verschieden sein, bedingt durch unterschiedliche Reibwerte zwischen Auflagefläche und Verschiebeträger.In the case of adjustment spreaders which are still known in practice, the various positions for holding the different container sizes are held in a non-positive manner and are approached and monitored by electrical limit switches. The disadvantage is that due to unavoidable tolerances in production and due to switching tolerances of the limit switches, the various positions can only be approached to a limited extent. The adjustment work required for this is often very time-consuming, since a moving beam that is in motion has to be switched off at exactly the right time in order to take into account a carrier run-down to a standstill. These overtravel distances can often be different due to different coefficients of friction between the contact surface and the sliding beam.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Verstellspreader zu schaffen, der sich gegenüber den bekannten Verstellspreadern durch eine hohe Wirtschaftlichkeit auszeichnet.The present invention has for its object to provide an adjustment spreader that is characterized by a high level of economy compared to the known adjustment spreader.

Zur Lösung der Aufgabe, wird vorgeschlagen, daß zur Positionierung des Aus- und Einfahrens der Verschiebeträger für verschiedene Containergrößen, ein mittig angeordneter, im Tragrahmen verschiebbarer Zylinder mit zwei separat steuerbaren Kolben, deren einen Enden an dem Verschiebeträger angreifen, vorgesehen ist.To solve the problem, it is proposed that for the positioning of the extension and retraction of the sliding support for different container sizes, a centrally arranged, displaceable cylinder in the support frame with two separately controllable pistons, one end of which acts on the sliding support, is provided.

Hierdurch ist es möglich, mit nur geringem Aufwand, exakte Positionen zur Aufnahme der gebräuchlichsten Containergrößen 20', 30' und 40' zu erzielen.This makes it possible to achieve exact positions for accommodating the most common container sizes 20 ', 30' and 40 'with little effort.

Um bei Bedarf auch nachträglich die Aufnahme der weniger benötigten Containergröße 35' zu ermöglichen, ist in Weiterführung der Erfindung der mittig angeordnete Zylinder an seinem einen kolbenseitigen Ende mit einem Anschlag versehen und auf beiden Seiten des Zylinders je eine Zylinder/Kolben-Einheit angeordnet, deren Kolben über eine den mittig angeordneten Zylinder mit Spiel umfassende Traverse (18) miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die wirksam en Kolbenflächen größer ausgeführt sind als eine der wirksamen Kolbenflächen des mittig angeordneten Zylinders und wobei die Kolben getrennt von dem mittig angeordneten Zylinder druckentlastbar sind.In order to enable the later addition of the less required container size 35 'if necessary, in a further development of the invention the centrally arranged cylinder is provided with a stop at one end on the piston side and a cylinder / piston unit is arranged on both sides of the cylinder Pistons are connected to one another by means of a traverse (18) comprising the cylinder arranged in the center, the effective piston surfaces being made larger than one of the effective piston surfaces of the cylinder arranged in the center and the pistons being able to be relieved of pressure separately from the cylinder arranged in the center.

Um Stöße von außen abzubauen und diese somit von den übrigen Bauteilen fernzuhalten, ist in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung das eine Ende eines Kolbens des mittig angeordneten Zylinders federnd gelagert.In order to reduce shocks from the outside and thus to keep them away from the other components, in a further embodiment of the invention the one end of a piston of the centrally arranged cylinder is spring-mounted.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung im nachstehenden näher beschrieben.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt den Spreader in der Draufsicht der 20'-Position,
  • Fig. 2 zeigt den Spreader in der Draufsicht der 30'-Position,
  • Fig. 3 zeigt den Spreader in der Draufsicht der 35'-Position,
  • Fig. 4 zeigt den Spreader in der Draufsicht der 40'-Position,
  • Fig. 5 zeigt ein federnd gelagertes Kolbenende.
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing.
  • 1 shows the spreader in a top view of the 20 'position,
  • 2 shows the spreader in a top view of the 30 'position,
  • 3 shows the spreader in a top view of the 35 'position,
  • 4 shows the spreader in a top view of the 40 'position,
  • Fig. 5 shows a spring-loaded piston end.

Mit 1 ist ein Tragrahmen bezeichnet, an dem zwei Verschiebeträger 2, 3 vorgesehen sind. An jeder Spreaderlängsseite ist eine Kettenführung 4 vorhanden. In der Mitte des Spreaders ist ein Hydraulikzylinder 5 angeordnet, dessen Druckraum durch eine Trennwand 6 geteilt ist. Der Zylinder 5 weist somit zwei Kolben 7, 8 auf, die bei Beaufschlagung durch Druckmittel getrennt ausfahren. Das eine Ende des Kolbens 7 befindet sich im Zylinder 5 und das andere Ende ist in dem Tragrahmen 1 federnd gelagert. Für die Federung sorgt eine vorgespannte Tellerfeder 9 (siehe Fig. 5). Das eine Ende des Kolbens 8 befindet sich im Zylinder 5 und das andere Ende ist mit dem Verschiebeträger 2 fest verbunden. Der Zylinder 5 ist zur Reduzierung der Knicklänge in zwei Lagerstellen 10, 11 angeordnet. Diese Lagerstellen sind derart ausgebildet, daß der Zylinder 5 in horizontaler Richtung verschiebbar ist. Auf beiden Seiten des Zylinders 5 sind in Halterungen 12, 13 zwei Zylinder 14, 15 fest angeordnet, deren beiden Kolben 16, 17 über eine Traverse 18 miteinander verbunden sind. Die Traverse 18 ist mit einem Bewegungsspiel gegenüber dem Zylinder 5 auf diesem aufgesteckt. An einem Ende des Zylinders 5 befindet sich ein ringförmiger Anschlag 19.1 with a support frame is designated, on which two displacement beams 2, 3 are provided. A chain guide 4 is provided on each longitudinal side of the spreader. A hydraulic cylinder 5 is arranged in the middle of the spreader, the pressure chamber of which is divided by a partition 6. The cylinder 5 thus has two pistons 7, 8, which extend separately when pressurized by pressure medium. One end of the piston 7 is located in the cylinder 5 and the other end is resiliently mounted in the support frame 1. A preloaded plate spring 9 provides the suspension (see FIG. 5). One end of the piston 8 is located in the cylinder 5 and the other end is firmly connected to the displacement support 2. The cylinder 5 is arranged in two bearing points 10, 11 to reduce the buckling length. These bearings are designed such that the cylinder 5 can be displaced in the horizontal direction. On both sides of the cylinder 5, two cylinders 14, 15 are fixedly arranged in brackets 12, 13, the two pistons 16, 17 of which are connected to one another via a cross member 18. The traverse 18 is plugged onto the cylinder 5 with a play in relation to it. There is an annular stop 19 at one end of the cylinder 5.

Die Figur 1 zeigt den Spreader in der position zur Aufnahme eines 20'-Containers. Die Kolben 7 und 8 sind vollständig eingefahren. Mit dem Ausfahren des Kolbens 8 wird der Verschiebeträger 2 bewegt. Durch die beiderseits angeordneten Kettenführungen 4 wird in gleicher Weise und um die gleiche Wegstrecke der Verschiebeträger 3 somit mit ausgefahren, bis der Kolben 8 vollständig bis zum Anschlag ausgefahren ist. Der Kolbenhub ist so ausgelegt, daß jetzt exakt die Position zur Aufnahme eines 30'-Containers erreicht ist, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt. Der vorhandene Konstantdruck des Hydraulikmittels sorgt dafür, daß die augenblickliche Position des Kolbens 8 beibehalten wird.Figure 1 shows the spreader in the position for receiving a 20 'container. The pistons 7 and 8 are completely retracted. With the extension of the piston 8, the displacement carrier 2 is moved. Due to the chain guides 4 arranged on both sides, the displacement carrier 3 is also extended in the same way and by the same distance until the piston 8 is fully extended as far as the stop. The piston stroke is designed so that the exact position for receiving a 30 'container is now reached, as shown in FIG. 2. The existing constant pressure of the hydraulic medium ensures that the current position of the piston 8 is maintained.

Wird jetzt der Kolben 7 mit Hydraulikmittel beaufschlagt, fährt in diesem Falle nicht der Kolben 7 aus, sondern der Zylinder 5 verschiebt sich innerhalb der Lagerstellen 10 und 11, und zwar so weit, bis der Anschlag 19 gegen die Traverse 18 stößt. Mit dem Anstoßen wird die Bewegung des Zylinders 5 und somit auch die der Verschiebeträger 2 und 3 gestoppt und so exakt die Position zur Aufnahme eines 35'-Containers erreicht. Die wirksamen Flächen der Kolben 16, 17 sind so ausgelegt, daß sie etwa doppelt so groß sind wie die wirksame Fläche des Kolbens 7. Hieraus ergibt sich, daß bei gleichen Druckwerten die Verschiebekraft des Zylinders 5 nur etwa halb so groß ist wie die der beiden Kolben 16 und 17.If hydraulic fluid is now applied to the piston 7, in this case the piston 7 does not extend, but the cylinder 5 moves within the bearing points 10 and 11, and until the stop 19 abuts the crossmember 18. With the abutment, the movement of the cylinder 5 and thus also that of the displacement supports 2 and 3 is stopped and the position for receiving a 35 ′ container is reached exactly. The effective areas of the pistons 16, 17 are designed in such a way that they are approximately twice as large as the effective area of the piston 7. From this it follows that, at the same pressure values, the displacement force of the cylinder 5 is only about half as large as that of the two Pistons 16 and 17.

Soll nun die äußerste Position zur Aufnahme eines 40'-Containers erreicht werden, sind lediglich die beiden Kolben 16 und 17 vom Hydraulikdruckmedium zu entlasten. Über den Anschlag 19 und die Traverse 18 werden dann die Kolben 16, 17 eingefahren. Die exakte Position zur Aufnahme eines 40'-Containers ist dann erreicht, wenn der Kolben 7 vollständig frei liegt (siehe Figur 4).If the outermost position for receiving a 40 'container is now to be reached, only the two pistons 16 and 17 are to be relieved of the hydraulic pressure medium. The pistons 16, 17 are then retracted via the stop 19 and the traverse 18. The exact position for receiving a 40 'container is reached when the piston 7 is completely exposed (see FIG. 4).

Claims (3)

1. Adjustable spreader to carry and transport containers, with the adjustment being carried out by the extension and retraction respectively of sliding members (2, 3) relative to a supporting frame, the synchronism of the sliding members being effected by a linking chain arrangement (4), distinguished by the fact that to adjust the extension and retraction of the sliding members (2, 3) to various container dimensions, a centrally arranged movable cylinder (5) within the supporting frame (1) is provided for and this cylinder has two independently controllable pistons (7, 8), one end of each piston engaging the sliding members.
2. Adjustable spreader as described in claim 1 above, distinguished by the fact that the centrally arranged cylinder (5) is provided with a limit stop (19) on one of its piston ends and that on both sides of the cylinder a cylinder/piston unit is installed (14, 16; 15, 17), the pistons of which (16, 17) are connected to each other via a crossmember (18) which is installed with clearance around the cylinder, with the effective piston areas being designed larger than one of the effective piston areas of the centrally arranged cylinder (5) and with the pistons being relieved from pressure independently of the centrally arranged cylinder.
3. Adjustable spreader as described in claim 1 and 2 above, distinguished by the fact that the one end of the piston (7) of the centrally arranged cylinder (5) has a spring-loaded bearing.
EP19850110564 1984-09-05 1985-08-22 Adjustable spreader Expired EP0173920B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3432539 1984-09-05
DE19843432539 DE3432539A1 (en) 1984-09-05 1984-09-05 ADJUSTING SPREADER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0173920A1 EP0173920A1 (en) 1986-03-12
EP0173920B1 true EP0173920B1 (en) 1987-07-22

Family

ID=6244638

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850110564 Expired EP0173920B1 (en) 1984-09-05 1985-08-22 Adjustable spreader

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EP (1) EP0173920B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3432539A1 (en)
FI (1) FI80640C (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993004972A1 (en) * 1991-09-04 1993-03-18 Schmidt Handling Gesellschaft Für Handhabungstechnik Mbh Device for gripping system containers
EP0646539B1 (en) * 1993-10-01 2000-01-19 Elmhults Konstruktions AB A Container Yoke
DE4424927C2 (en) * 1994-07-14 1998-06-04 Kaup Gmbh & Co Kg Telescopic spreader for container loading
WO2006071227A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-06 Great American Lines, Inc. Container inspection system
US7324921B2 (en) 2004-12-28 2008-01-29 Rftrax Inc. Container inspection system

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US793907A (en) * 1904-04-09 1905-07-04 William H Reeves Hydraulic elevator.
US3770309A (en) * 1970-04-21 1973-11-06 Rubery Owen & Co Ltd Means for handling freight containers and the like
DE2239756A1 (en) * 1972-08-12 1974-02-28 Kocks Gmbh Friedrich LIFTING DEVICE FOR LARGE LOADS, IN PARTICULAR CONTAINER BRIDGE
US4017110A (en) * 1975-05-19 1977-04-12 Clark Equipment Company Cylinder and piston assembly
EP0052119A1 (en) * 1980-05-23 1982-05-26 Ab Backtemans Patenter Spreader
DE3266310D1 (en) * 1982-04-20 1985-10-24 Peiner Masch Schrauben Spreader comprising a device for compensating the centre of gravity

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3432539A1 (en) 1986-03-06
FI80640C (en) 1990-07-10
FI853396L (en) 1986-03-06
FI80640B (en) 1990-03-30
EP0173920A1 (en) 1986-03-12
FI853396A0 (en) 1985-09-04

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