EP0170840B1 - Dry wall construction system - Google Patents

Dry wall construction system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0170840B1
EP0170840B1 EP85107610A EP85107610A EP0170840B1 EP 0170840 B1 EP0170840 B1 EP 0170840B1 EP 85107610 A EP85107610 A EP 85107610A EP 85107610 A EP85107610 A EP 85107610A EP 0170840 B1 EP0170840 B1 EP 0170840B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dry
wall system
recesses
blocks
collar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85107610A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0170840A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Cramer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metten Produktions- und Handels GmbH
Original Assignee
Metten Produktions- und Handels GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19843428148 external-priority patent/DE3428148A1/en
Application filed by Metten Produktions- und Handels GmbH filed Critical Metten Produktions- und Handels GmbH
Priority to AT85107610T priority Critical patent/ATE34419T1/en
Publication of EP0170840A1 publication Critical patent/EP0170840A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0170840B1 publication Critical patent/EP0170840B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/46—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drywall system, which are made of roughly rectangular or square stones in plan view, which can be fixed at the top and bottom by means of stepped connecting elements at a distance from one another, the blocks being designed at least on their abutting sides or Have broken edges for the production of arches and bends in the drywall.
  • the connecting elements consist of pegs on one component and corresponding recesses on the other component above it, with a concentric, offset collar being provided around the peg, providing a distance between the components Ensures building blocks.
  • This dry wall system is quite useful and is used to create an elegant wall.
  • the blocks which are designed as concrete blocks, difficulties arise in particular because the pin and collar are made in one piece with the block and corresponding recesses must be provided on the opposite side. For this reason, the stones can only be produced with relatively great effort and are correspondingly expensive. It has also been found that a stable position of the blocks on top of one another on the collar surface in connection with the pins is not guaranteed with certainty for manufacturing reasons, so that the stones lie on one another in a stable and stable manner by additional measures.
  • a wall system is known (EP-A-0 052 082), which has building blocks with different floor plans.
  • the building blocks have continuous strips on the facing surfaces, by means of which they are arranged without a distance from one another. Between these strips there are continuous recesses with side grooves in the facing surfaces and openings and recesses penetrating the building blocks.
  • Pin-shaped centering bodies engaging in the recesses are inserted between the building blocks arranged one above the other.
  • the recesses with grooves and the additional openings in the building blocks, together with the neighboring stones, form a network of horizontal and vertical channels which communicate with one another and are filled with a potting material.
  • the cone-shaped centering body therefore only had the task of centering the stones until the cavities were filled with potting material.
  • the masonry according to EP-A-052 082 is therefore a masonry construction in which the stones are held in the network by the potting material on the one hand and on the other hand are completely supported vertically against one another by the facing surfaces or strips.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to improve the generic drywall system and to remedy the disadvantages described above, with inexpensive manufacture in simple shapes and good stability of the wall to be achieved with simple means.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in that the connecting elements are designed as pin bodies which engage in corresponding recesses of at least two modules arranged one above the other. Because of this embodiment of the invention, the building blocks first become simpler, since they can be designed as plan blocks with corresponding recesses. Furthermore, the pin body also forms a simple component that can be manufactured independently and separately. Since the building blocks should continue to be spaced one above the other, several possible solutions for the peg bodies are proposed according to the invention.
  • the pin body can initially be designed so that the collar is attached to the outer circumference of the pin body and forms a finished component with this, which engages in two superposed blocks.
  • the collar can be made in one piece with the remaining part of the pin body, or can also be pushed additionally or subsequently onto the pin body.
  • the pin body has a greater length and pierces several building blocks.
  • the peg body can then also have the complete height of the wall provided and serve as a guide element, in which case a collar is inserted as a separate component between modules arranged one above the other. With this configuration, a wall of high stability is obtained without further aids. This can be increased by the fact that the peg body extends into the underground or the foundation of the wall.
  • the collar may have a higher strength and may be made of a material similar to the pin body or of a completely different material.
  • the collar should at least on its outer surface be the same color as the building blocks and possibly also made of concrete material.
  • a composite structure with an outer concrete wall or cladding and an inner body, e.g. B. made of plastic is considered advantageous. Due to the separate production or composite construction, a collar with a color contrast to the building block is also possible.
  • the pin body can be round in cross-section or it can also have a triangular or polygonal outer shape. It is crucial that the outer shape of the recess in the building blocks is adapted to such an extent that good guidance results. If the cone body is triangular or polygonal, it is easier to round it
  • Recesses are inserted because the contact area is smaller.
  • the recesses it is also possible for the recesses to be adapted to the triangular, quadrangular or polygonal shape of the pins, so that there is mutual interlocking and as a result a good alignment of the building blocks and stable arches can be produced. If either the peg body or the building block has a corresponding number of corners, the building blocks can be pivoted according to a large number of angular deviations in the longitudinal direction of the wall.
  • the pin bodies according to the invention can advantageously be essentially sleeve-shaped for better insertion into the recesses of the building blocks and have incisions in the insertion area. This makes this area more flexible, so that the insertion into the recesses is facilitated.
  • the peg bodies have circumferential or longitudinal or spiral webs or grooves on the outer circumferential surface that is operatively connected to the recesses of the modules, with which the peg body is operatively connected to the recess of the modules. If the webs and grooves are arranged inclined in the longitudinal or circumferential direction or the grooves and webs are made of relatively soft material, the building blocks can be pushed very easily onto the pins and still result in a good hold.
  • the pin body can be made of hard or soft PVC or a similar material, if necessary also of rubber, a similar material being offered for the collar.
  • the peg bodies can therefore be produced in a simple manner from plastic tubes which are commercially available. It must be ensured that the internal dimensions of the recesses correspond to the external dimensions of these commercially available pipes.
  • the recesses in the building blocks can have a constant diameter with a round or polygonal shape.
  • the pin body regions engaging in the recesses of the building blocks can be designed conically and interact with a cylindrical or conical recess in the building blocks.
  • the pin bodies are sleeve-shaped and have recesses in the wall in the region of the bundle or bundles cavities in the bundle or bundles join. This makes it possible for concrete filled into the recesses of the building blocks and peg body to be able to penetrate into the region of the bundles, so that permanent support of the wall is thereby ensured.
  • This measure can be used both for peg bodies with a one-piece collar and for peg bodies with separately manufactured collars.
  • the inner dimension of the bundles is larger than the dimension of the recesses in the building blocks and if the bundles are guided over spacers attached to the pin bodies or to the bundles.
  • the collar designed in this way can of course also be produced in one piece with the journal body via the spacers.
  • peg bodies with longitudinal webs are suitable for forming annular cavities between the collars and the peg body, since the webs in the area between the building blocks can be guided radially outward beyond the dimension of the recesses in the building blocks and center the collars.
  • the bundles can also be made in one piece with the webs and the pin bodies.
  • the dimension of the concrete cavity results from the compressive strength of a concrete and the maximum height of the wall and can be easily calculated.
  • the pin body with webs which partially protrude into the joint area between two stones arranged one above the other, with relatively high webs, d. H. the sleeve of the pin body is relatively small, so that concrete can reach the inside diameter of the collar in the area of the webs.
  • the upper end of the drywall system can be done by providing special building blocks that are smooth at their upper end and designed without visible recesses.
  • special modules are required for this.
  • stopper-shaped end pieces are provided, the dimensions of which are the recesses of the Modules are adapted and serve as a cover for the recesses.
  • the support ring which has a larger diameter than the diameter of the recess in the building blocks, has the purpose of ensuring an exact storage of the stones one above the other, whereby a stable storage of the stones one above the other is also ensured when stacking several building blocks to form a wall, because the support ring provides high support with a high level of stability against tipping because of its large diameter.
  • the centering of the building blocks with respect to one another and also the support ring to the stones is achieved by centering bodies within the support ring which engage in the recesses of the building blocks located one above the other. This also gives the building blocks a secure hold and sufficient resistance to displacement forces.
  • the circumferential cutting edge, grooves, grooves or the like attached to the end faces of the support rings according to claim 17 compensate for unevenness in the surfaces of the building blocks due to their increased elasticity, and in connection with the recesses form a tight channel along the building blocks, so that this too can be filled with relatively low-viscosity concrete for increased stability without concrete leaking into the area between the building blocks.
  • the cutting edge or groove height in their cross-section must be adjusted depending on the base material of the support rings so that the required tightness is achieved.
  • the centering body is T-shaped and attached to the support ring with its web.
  • the centering body can also be L-shaped according to claim 20.
  • this L-shaped centering body must alternately, d. H. are attached to the support ring with the free leg pointing downward and upward, so that part of the leg with the recess of the component located above it and the other part of the leg with the recesses of the component located below result in exact guidance.
  • the legs do not have to be aligned alternately downwards and upwards, but can also alternate irregularly. The only important thing is good centering.
  • the centering body can be designed in any way in its transverse to the T- or L-shaped orientation. To save material, however, it is expedient if the centering bodies are made in the form of a plate.
  • Support ring and centering body can, depending on the manufacturing process and the desired elasticity, be made of different materials and attached to each other in different ways. However, they can also advantageously consist in one piece of elastic materials, in particular plastic.
  • a support ring outside the support ring at a distance from it, which is centered on the support ring and is L, T or U-shaped.
  • This support ring which can be made of another material with even higher strength, serves to create a wall without any additional aids, such as concrete, the support ring with centering bodies and the additional support ring ensuring the complete support of the building blocks on one another and on the other.
  • the support ring is advantageously designed as an additional component and can be used as an additional element, for example only for the lower layers of a wall to increase stability.
  • shims can be provided, by which an exact alignment of the wall is made possible even with dimensional deviations of the building blocks or other inaccuracies.
  • the drywall system according to the invention is constructed from essentially rectangular building blocks 1 which have recesses in the corners on their mutually facing butt sides, so that they can also be arranged at an angle to one another.
  • the drywall system is usually placed on a solid surface or concrete base, the blocks 1 being arranged offset to one another.
  • approximately square modules 2 are also provided for the end regions. 2 to 8 that the modules 1 and 2 have recesses 3, which are cylindrical according to the FIG.
  • these recesses can have various other cross sections and can also be conical.
  • the blocks 1 and 2 arranged within the dry stone wall have continuous recesses, whereas, according to FIG. 2, the upper layer has recesses which only partially extend into the blocks 1 and 2, so that cover stones result.
  • all of the building blocks 1 and 2 can also have continuous recesses 3, plug-shaped end pieces 4 then being provided in the upper stones.
  • the building blocks 1 and 2 are connected to one another by means of peg bodies 5 which engage at least in two building blocks arranged one above the other.
  • the pin bodies 5 are preferably tubular and chamfered at the ends.
  • collars 6 are provided which, according to FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, are produced in one piece with the pin body. 4, 6 and 9, the collars 6 are made as individual pieces and arranged on the outer circumference of the pin body 5.
  • the pin body 5 according to FIG. 3 also has recesses 9 in its sleeve-shaped area, which merge into cavities 10 in the collar 6.
  • these cavities and recesses can penetrate them so that there is reliable support even in the event of aging or other yielding of the bundles.
  • the walls between cavities and building blocks are made as thin as possible.
  • Fig. 10 which shows a section through a pin body with recesses, the configurations of the recesses and cavities can be clearly seen.
  • the peg bodies have webs 7 on their outer lateral surface, which are arranged all around in FIGS. 5 and 7 and longitudinally in FIGS. 6 and 8. These webs 7 can, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 5, be arranged inclined so that they can be easily inserted into the building blocks 1 and 2.
  • the peg bodies can also have approximately the height of the dry stone wall and be passed through a plurality of recesses of blocks 1 and 2 arranged one above the other and possibly engage in the foundation, so that, depending on the height of the wall and the circumstances, no further fastening is required.
  • the pin body 5 can also be filled with concrete in both long and short versions and possibly reinforced with iron.
  • a pin body 5 is shown similar to that of FIGS. 6 and 8, in which the radial extension of the webs 7 is made larger by reducing the sleeve.
  • concrete filled into the recesses 3 can reach the area of the webs 7 and continue to the inner wall of the collar 6, the inside diameter of which is enlarged and guided over elongated webs. This can form a concrete ring that can support the building blocks independently of the collar.
  • a support ring 12 is provided between the building blocks 1, the inner diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the recesses in the building blocks 1, which are denoted by 3.
  • plate-shaped centering bodies 13 are fastened, which are T-shaped and fastened to the support ring with their web.
  • L-shaped centering bodies can also be provided, the free legs of which then alternately engage in recesses in the lower and the module arranged above them.
  • the special design of the support ring with centering bodies creates a channel along the recesses in the building blocks and the support rings, depending on the height of the wall, which can be filled with concrete, whereby due to the flat design of the centering bodies there is practically no obstruction of the concrete flow.
  • the special design of the end faces of the support rings 12 according to FIGS. 17 to 19 ensures that the support rings form a tight connection with the contact surfaces of the building blocks.
  • the end face can be chamfered according to FIG. 17 or equipped with a groove 14 according to FIG. 18 or a cutting edge 15 according to FIG. 16, which are flexible to the extent that unevenness in the surface of the building blocks and possibly their porosity compensates becomes.
  • a support ring 16 can be arranged outside the support ring 12, which is preferably L-shaped according to FIG. 15. However, it can also be T-shaped or U-shaped. It is important that the support ring is centered on the webs or legs on the support ring 12 and, in order to support its carrying function, is at a distance from the support ring, so that it can exert a high support torque, thereby ensuring a stable alignment of the wall and a firm one Stand is guaranteed, even without filling the channel with concrete or the like.
  • This support ring is therefore advantageously designed as an additional part and can alternatively be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Trockenmauer-System, das aus im Grundriß gesehen etwa rechteckigen bzw. quadratischen Steinen ausgeführt sind, die ober- und unterseitig mittels abgestufter Verbindungselemente mit Abstand aufeinander festlegbar sind, wobei die Bausteine zumindest an ihren Stoßseiten bogenförmig ausgeführt sind bzw. Kantenbrechungen zur Herstellung von Bögen und Abwinklungen der Trockenmauer aufweisen.The invention relates to a drywall system, which are made of roughly rectangular or square stones in plan view, which can be fixed at the top and bottom by means of stepped connecting elements at a distance from one another, the blocks being designed at least on their abutting sides or Have broken edges for the production of arches and bends in the drywall.

Bei einem solchen Trockenmauer-System (DE-A- 26 50 292) bestehen die Verbindungselemente aus Zapfen an dem einen Baustein und entsprechende Ausnehmungen an dem anderen darüberliegenden Baustein, wobei um den Zapfen ein konzentrischer, abgesetzter Bund vorgesehen ist, der einen Abstand zwischen den Bausteinen sicherstellt. Dieses Trockenmauer-System ist durchaus zweckmäßig und dient zur Herstellung einer formschönen Mauer. Bei der Herstellung der Bausteine, die als Betonsteine ausgeführt sind, ergeben sich insbesondere dadurch Schwierigkeiten, daß der Zapfen und Bund einstückig mit dem Baustein ausgeführt sind und auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite entsprechende Ausnehmungen vorgesehen sein müssen. Aus diesem Grund lassen sich die Steine nur mit relativ großem Aufwand herstellen und sind entsprechend teuer. Es hat sich weiterhin herausgestellt, daß eine stabile Lage der Bausteine übereinander auf der Bundfläche in Verbindung mit den Zapfen aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen nicht mit Sicherheit gewährleistet ist, so daß die Steine erste durch zusätzliche Maßnahmen Verwacklungsfrei und stabil aufeinander liegen.In such a drywall system (DE-A-26 50 292), the connecting elements consist of pegs on one component and corresponding recesses on the other component above it, with a concentric, offset collar being provided around the peg, providing a distance between the components Ensures building blocks. This dry wall system is quite useful and is used to create an elegant wall. In the manufacture of the blocks, which are designed as concrete blocks, difficulties arise in particular because the pin and collar are made in one piece with the block and corresponding recesses must be provided on the opposite side. For this reason, the stones can only be produced with relatively great effort and are correspondingly expensive. It has also been found that a stable position of the blocks on top of one another on the collar surface in connection with the pins is not guaranteed with certainty for manufacturing reasons, so that the stones lie on one another in a stable and stable manner by additional measures.

Weiterhin ist ein Mauersystem bekannt (EP-A-0 052 082), das Bausteine mit unterschiedlichem Grundriß aufweist. Die Bausteine haben an den zugewandten Flächen durchgehende Leisten, mittels denen sie ohne Abstand aufeinander angeordnet sind. Zwischen diesen Leisten befinden sich in den zugewandten Flächen durchgehende Aussparungen mit seitlichen Nuten und die Bausteine durchdringende Öffnungen und Ausnehmungen. Zwischen den übereinander angeordneten Bausteinen werden in die Ausnehmungen eingreifende zapfenförmige Zentrierkörper eingesetzt. Die Aussparungen mit Nuten und die zusätzlichen Öffnungen in den Bausteinen bilden zusammen mit den benachbarten Steinen ein Netzwerk von horizontalen und vertikalen Kanälen, die miteinander kommunizieren und mit einem Vergußmaterial gefüllt werden. Die zapfenförmigen Zentrierkörper haten daher nur die Aufgabe, die Steine solange zu zentrieren, bis die Hohlräume mit Vergußmaterial gefüllt sind. Nach Aushärten des Vergußmaterials sind die Zentrierkörper überflüssig. Es handelt sich daher beim Mauerwerk nach der EP-A- 052 082 um eine Mauerwerkskonstruktion, bei der die Steine einerseits durch das Vergußmaterial im Netzwerk gehalten werden und zum anderen sich vertikal vollständig über die zugewandten Flächen bzw. Leisten gegeneinander abstützen.Furthermore, a wall system is known (EP-A-0 052 082), which has building blocks with different floor plans. The building blocks have continuous strips on the facing surfaces, by means of which they are arranged without a distance from one another. Between these strips there are continuous recesses with side grooves in the facing surfaces and openings and recesses penetrating the building blocks. Pin-shaped centering bodies engaging in the recesses are inserted between the building blocks arranged one above the other. The recesses with grooves and the additional openings in the building blocks, together with the neighboring stones, form a network of horizontal and vertical channels which communicate with one another and are filled with a potting material. The cone-shaped centering body therefore only had the task of centering the stones until the cavities were filled with potting material. After the potting material has hardened, the centering bodies are superfluous. The masonry according to EP-A-052 082 is therefore a masonry construction in which the stones are held in the network by the potting material on the one hand and on the other hand are completely supported vertically against one another by the facing surfaces or strips.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, das gattungsgemäße Trockenmauer-System zu verbessern und die oben geschilderten Nachteile zu beheben, wobei eine preisgünstige Herstellung in einfachen Formen und eine gute Stabilität der Mauer mit einfachen Mitteln erreicht werden soll. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Verbindungselemente als Zapfenkörper ausgebildet sind, die in entsprechenden Ausnehmungen zumindest zweier übereinander angeordneter Bausteine eingreifen. Aufgrund dieser Ausgestaltung der Erfindung werden zunächst die Bausteine einfacher, da sie als Planblöcke mit entsprechenden Ausnehmungen ausgeführt werden können. Weiterhin bildet auch der Zapfenkörper ein einfaches Bauteil, das unabhängig und getrennt hergestellt werden kann. Da die Bausteine auch weiterhin mit Abstand übereinander angeordnet werden sollen, werden erfindungsgemäß mehrere Lösungsmöglichkeiten für die Zapfenkörper vorgeschlagen. Die Zapfenkörper können zunächst so ausgebildet sein, daß der Bund auf dem Außenumfang des Zapfenkörpers befestigt ist und mit diesem ein fertiges Bauteil bildet, das in zwei übereinander angeordnete Bausteine eingreift. Der Bund kann dabei einstückig mit dem übrigen Teil des Zapfenkörpers hergestellt sein, oder aber auch zusätzlich bzw. nachträglich auf den Zapfenkörper geschoben werden. Weiterhin ist es erfindungsgemäß möglich, daß der Zapfenkörper eine größere Länge aufweist, und mehrere Bausteine durchstößt. Der Zapfenkörper kann dann auch die komplette Höhe der vorgesehenen Mauer aufweisen und als Führungselement dienen, wobei dann zwischen übereinander angeordneten Bausteinen je ein Bund als getrenntes Bauteil eingefügt ist. Durch diese Ausgestaltung erhält man ohne weitere Hilfsmittel eine Mauer hoher Stabilität. Diese kann noch dadurch erhöht werden, daß der Zapfenkörper bis in den Untergrund bzw. das Fundament der Mauer reicht. Der Bund kann dabei ggf. eine höhere Festigkeit aufweisen und aus ähnlichen Material wie der Zapfenkörper oder aus vollständig anderem Material hergestellt sein. Um ein harmonisches Bild des Mauerwerks zu gewährleisten, sollte der Bund zumindest auf seiner äußeren Mantelfläche die gleiche Farbe wie die Bausteine und ggf. auch aus Betonmaterial hergestellt sein. Auch ein verbundförmiger Aufbau mit einer äußeren Betonwandung oder -verkleidung und einem inneren Körper, z. B. aus Kunststoff wird als vorteilhaft angesehen. Durch die getrennte Herstellung bzw. Verbundbauweise ist auch ein farblich zum Baustein abgesetzter Bund möglich.The object of the present invention is therefore to improve the generic drywall system and to remedy the disadvantages described above, with inexpensive manufacture in simple shapes and good stability of the wall to be achieved with simple means. The object of the invention is achieved in that the connecting elements are designed as pin bodies which engage in corresponding recesses of at least two modules arranged one above the other. Because of this embodiment of the invention, the building blocks first become simpler, since they can be designed as plan blocks with corresponding recesses. Furthermore, the pin body also forms a simple component that can be manufactured independently and separately. Since the building blocks should continue to be spaced one above the other, several possible solutions for the peg bodies are proposed according to the invention. The pin body can initially be designed so that the collar is attached to the outer circumference of the pin body and forms a finished component with this, which engages in two superposed blocks. The collar can be made in one piece with the remaining part of the pin body, or can also be pushed additionally or subsequently onto the pin body. Furthermore, it is possible according to the invention that the pin body has a greater length and pierces several building blocks. The peg body can then also have the complete height of the wall provided and serve as a guide element, in which case a collar is inserted as a separate component between modules arranged one above the other. With this configuration, a wall of high stability is obtained without further aids. This can be increased by the fact that the peg body extends into the underground or the foundation of the wall. The collar may have a higher strength and may be made of a material similar to the pin body or of a completely different material. In order to ensure a harmonious picture of the masonry, the collar should at least on its outer surface be the same color as the building blocks and possibly also made of concrete material. Also a composite structure with an outer concrete wall or cladding and an inner body, e.g. B. made of plastic is considered advantageous. Due to the separate production or composite construction, a collar with a color contrast to the building block is also possible.

Der Zapfenkörper kann dabei im Querschnitt gesehen rund ausgeführt oder aber auch eine drei- oder vieleckige Außenform aufweisen. Entscheidend dabei ist, daß er in der Außenform der Ausnehmung in den Bausteinen soweit angepaßt ist, daß sich eine gute Führung ergibt. Wird der Zapfenkörper drei- oder vieleckig ausgeführt, so kann er leichter in rundeThe pin body can be round in cross-section or it can also have a triangular or polygonal outer shape. It is crucial that the outer shape of the recess in the building blocks is adapted to such an extent that good guidance results. If the cone body is triangular or polygonal, it is easier to round it

Ausnehmungen eingeschoben werden, da die Berührungsfläche kleiner ist. Es ist aber auch möglich, daß die Ausnehmungen der drei-, vier-oder vieleckigen Form der Zapfen angepaßt ist, so daß sich eine gegenseitige Verzahnung ergibt und wodurch eine gute Fluchtung der Bausteine und stabile Bögen hergestellt werden können. Weist dabei entweder der Zapfenkörper oder der Baustein eine entsprechende Vielzahl von Ecken auf, so lassen sich die Bausteine gemäß einer Vielzahl von Winkelabweichungen in Längsrichtung der Mauer verschwenken.Recesses are inserted because the contact area is smaller. However, it is also possible for the recesses to be adapted to the triangular, quadrangular or polygonal shape of the pins, so that there is mutual interlocking and as a result a good alignment of the building blocks and stable arches can be produced. If either the peg body or the building block has a corresponding number of corners, the building blocks can be pivoted according to a large number of angular deviations in the longitudinal direction of the wall.

Die Zapfenkörper gemäß der Erfindung können zum besseren Einstecken in die Ausnehmungen der Bausteine in vorteilhafter Weise im wesentlichen hülsenförmig ausgebildet sein und in dem Einsteckbereich Einschnitte aufweisen. Dadurch wird dieser Bereich nachgiebiger, so daß das Einführen in die Ausnehmungen erleichtert wird.The pin bodies according to the invention can advantageously be essentially sleeve-shaped for better insertion into the recesses of the building blocks and have incisions in the insertion area. This makes this area more flexible, so that the insertion into the recesses is facilitated.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführung der Erfindung weisen die Zapfenkörper auf der mit den Ausnehmungen der Bausteine in Wirkverbindung stehenden Außenmantelfläche umlaufende oder längsverlaufende bzw. spiralförmige Stege bzw. Nuten auf, mit denen der Zapfenkörper mit der Ausnehmung der Bausteine in Wirkverbindung steht. Sind dabei die Stege und Nuten in Längs- bzw. Umfangsrichtung geneigt angeordnet bzw. die Nuten und Stege aus relativ weichem Material hergestellt, so lassen sich die Bausteine sehr leicht auf die Zapfen schieben und ergeben trotzdem einen guten Halt. Die Zapfenkörper können dabei aus Hart- bzw. Weich-PVC oder einem ähnlichen Werkstoff ggf. auch aus Gummi, hergestellt sein, wobei sich für den Bund ein ähnlicher Werkstoff anbietet. Die Zapfenkörper lassen sich daher in einfacher Weise aus Kunststoffrohren, die handelsüblich zur Verfügung stehen, herstellen. Dabei ist darauf zu achten, daß die Innenmaße der Ausnehmungen den Außenmaßen dieser handelsüblichen Rohre entsprechen.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the peg bodies have circumferential or longitudinal or spiral webs or grooves on the outer circumferential surface that is operatively connected to the recesses of the modules, with which the peg body is operatively connected to the recess of the modules. If the webs and grooves are arranged inclined in the longitudinal or circumferential direction or the grooves and webs are made of relatively soft material, the building blocks can be pushed very easily onto the pins and still result in a good hold. The pin body can be made of hard or soft PVC or a similar material, if necessary also of rubber, a similar material being offered for the collar. The peg bodies can therefore be produced in a simple manner from plastic tubes which are commercially available. It must be ensured that the internal dimensions of the recesses correspond to the external dimensions of these commercially available pipes.

Die Ausnehmungen in den Bausteinen können einmal einen konstanten Durchmesser mit runder oder vieleckiger Form aufweisen. Es ist aber auch erfindungsgemäß möglich, in den Ausnehmungen der Bausteine vorstehende Ränder, Nasen oder Vorsprünge vorzusehen, mit denen der Einsteckweg der Zapfenkörper begrenzt werden kann, so daß auch bei Zapfenkörpern, die nur in zwei Steine eingreifen, ein loser Bund vorgesehen werden kann, ohne daß ungewollt ein ungleiches Einstecken in benachbarte Bausteine erfolgt. Um ein ungleiches Einstecken in benachbarte Bausteine zu verhindern und einen guten festen Sitz zu gewährleisten, können die in die Ausnehmungen der Bausteine eingreifenden Zapfenkörperbereiche konisch ausgeführt sein und mit einer zylindrischen oder konischen Ausnehmung in den Bausteinen zusammenwirken.The recesses in the building blocks can have a constant diameter with a round or polygonal shape. However, it is also possible according to the invention to provide protruding edges, lugs or projections in the recesses of the building blocks, with which the insertion path of the pin bodies can be limited, so that a loose collar can also be provided for pin bodies which only engage in two stones. without unintentionally inserting into adjacent blocks. In order to prevent uneven insertion into adjacent building blocks and to ensure a good firm fit, the pin body regions engaging in the recesses of the building blocks can be designed conically and interact with a cylindrical or conical recess in the building blocks.

Um auch nach langer Standzeit der Trockenmauer und einer dadurch möglicherweise bedingten Alterung des Materials der Bunde einen festen Stand der Mauer sicherzustellen, wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, daß die Zapfenkörper hülsenförmig ausgebildet sind und im Bereich des bzw. der Bunde Aussparungen in der Wandung aufweisen, an die sich Hohlräume in dem bzw. den Bunden anschließen. Dadurch ist es möglich, daß in die Ausnehmungen der Bausteine und Zapfenkörper eingefüllter Beton bis in den Bereich der Bunde eindringen kann, so daß dadurch eine dauerhafte Abstützung der Mauer gewährleistet ist. Diese Maßnahme kann sowohl bei Zapfenkörpern mit einstückigem Bund als auch bei Zapfenkörpern mit getrennt hergestellten Bunden zur Anwendung kommen. In weiterer Ausgestaltung dieser Maßnahme ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Innenabmessung der Bunde größer ist als das Maß der Ausnehmungen in den Bausteinen ist und wenn die Bunde über an den Zapfenkörpern oder an den Bunden befestigte Abstandshalter geführt sind. Dadurch ergibt sich ein nahezu ringförmiger Hohlraum, der über die Aussparung in den Zapfenkörpern mit Beton gefüllt wird, so daß eine direkte Auflage zwischen übereinander angeordneten Steinen aus Beton entsteht. Der so gestaltete Bund kann natürlich auch über die Abstandshalter einstückig mit dem Zapfenkörper hergestellt sein. Insbesondere Zapfenkörper mit längsverlaufenden Stegen eignen sich dazu, ringförmige Hohlräume zwischen den Bunden und dem Zapfenkörper zu bilden, da die Stege im Bereich zwischen den Bausteinen über das Maß der Ausnehmungen in den Bausteinen radial nach außen geführt sein können und eine Zentrierung der Bunde übernehmen. Die Bunde können aber auch einstückig mit den Stegen und den Zapfenkörpern ausgeführt sein. Das Maß des Betonhohlraums ergibt sich aus der Druckfestigkeit eines Betons und der maximalen Höhe der Mauer und kann ohne weiteres errechnet werden. Zweckmäßigerweise sind die Zapfenkörper mit Stegen, die teilweise in den Fugenbereich zwischen zwei übereinander angeordnete Steine ragen, mit verhältnismäßig hohen Stegen ausgeführt, d. h. die Hülse des Zapfenkörpers ist relativ klein, damit ungehindert Beton im Bereich der Stege bis zum Innendurchmesser des Bundes gelangen kann.In order to ensure that the wall remains stable even after the dry wall has stood for a long time and the aging of the material of the bundle may be caused by this, it is proposed according to the invention that the pin bodies are sleeve-shaped and have recesses in the wall in the region of the bundle or bundles cavities in the bundle or bundles join. This makes it possible for concrete filled into the recesses of the building blocks and peg body to be able to penetrate into the region of the bundles, so that permanent support of the wall is thereby ensured. This measure can be used both for peg bodies with a one-piece collar and for peg bodies with separately manufactured collars. In a further embodiment of this measure, it is advantageous if the inner dimension of the bundles is larger than the dimension of the recesses in the building blocks and if the bundles are guided over spacers attached to the pin bodies or to the bundles. This results in an almost annular cavity, which is filled with concrete through the recess in the pin bodies, so that a direct support between stacked concrete stones is created. The collar designed in this way can of course also be produced in one piece with the journal body via the spacers. In particular, peg bodies with longitudinal webs are suitable for forming annular cavities between the collars and the peg body, since the webs in the area between the building blocks can be guided radially outward beyond the dimension of the recesses in the building blocks and center the collars. The bundles can also be made in one piece with the webs and the pin bodies. The dimension of the concrete cavity results from the compressive strength of a concrete and the maximum height of the wall and can be easily calculated. Advantageously, the pin body with webs, which partially protrude into the joint area between two stones arranged one above the other, with relatively high webs, d. H. the sleeve of the pin body is relatively small, so that concrete can reach the inside diameter of the collar in the area of the webs.

Der obere Abschluß des Trockenmauer-Systems kann dadurch erfolgen, daß spezielle Bausteine vorgesehen sind, die an ihrem oberen Ende glatt ausgeführt und ohne sichtbare Ausnehmungen gestaltet sind. Dies führt jedoch dazu, daß dafür Sonderbausteine benötigt werden. Um diesen Nachteil zu beheben, wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, daß stopfenförmige Endstücke vorgesehen sind, die in ihren Abmessungen den Ausnehmungen der Bausteine angepaßt sind und als Abdeckung der Ausnehmungen dienen.The upper end of the drywall system can be done by providing special building blocks that are smooth at their upper end and designed without visible recesses. However, this means that special modules are required for this. In order to remedy this disadvantage, it is proposed according to the invention that stopper-shaped end pieces are provided, the dimensions of which are the recesses of the Modules are adapted and serve as a cover for the recesses.

Weitere erfindungsgemäße Merkmale sind in Patentanspruch 16 enthalten. Dabei hat der Stützring, der einen größeren Durchmesser als der Durchmesser der Ausnehmung in den Bausteinen aufweist, den Sinn, eine exakte Lagerung der Steine übereinander zu gewährleisten, wobei eine stabile Lagerung der Steine übereinander auch beim Stapeln von mehreren Bausteinen zu einer Mauer gewährleistet ist, da der Stützring eine hohe Abstützung mit einer hohen Kippsicherheit wegen seines großen Durchmessers zur Verfügung stellt. Die Zentrierung der Bausteine zueinander bzw. auch des Stützrings zu den Steinen wird durch Zentrierkörper innerhalb des Stützrings erreicht, die in die Ausnehmungen der übereinander befindlichen Bausteine eingreifen. Dadurch erhalten die Bausteine auch einen sicheren Halt und hinreichenden Widerstand gegen Verschiebekräfte.Further features of the invention are contained in claim 16. The support ring, which has a larger diameter than the diameter of the recess in the building blocks, has the purpose of ensuring an exact storage of the stones one above the other, whereby a stable storage of the stones one above the other is also ensured when stacking several building blocks to form a wall, because the support ring provides high support with a high level of stability against tipping because of its large diameter. The centering of the building blocks with respect to one another and also the support ring to the stones is achieved by centering bodies within the support ring which engage in the recesses of the building blocks located one above the other. This also gives the building blocks a secure hold and sufficient resistance to displacement forces.

Die an den Stirnseiten der Stützringe angebrachte umlaufende Schneide, Nuten, Rillen oder dergleichen gemäß Patentanspruch 17 gleichen dabei durch ihre erhöhte Elastizität Unebenheiten in den Flächen der Bausteine aus und bilden dabei in Verbindung mit den Ausnehmungen einen dichten Kanal entlang der Bausteine, so daß dieser auch mit verhältnismäßig dünnflüssigem Beton zur erhöhten Stabilität ausgefüllt werden kann, ohne daß Beton in den Bereich zwischen den Bausteinen austritt. Je nach Unebenheit der Bausteine und Porösität derselben muß dabei die Schneiden- bzw. Nutenhöhe in deren Querschnitt in Abhängigkeit des Grundmaterials der Stützringe so abgestimmt werden, daß die geforderte Dichtheit erreicht wird.The circumferential cutting edge, grooves, grooves or the like attached to the end faces of the support rings according to claim 17 compensate for unevenness in the surfaces of the building blocks due to their increased elasticity, and in connection with the recesses form a tight channel along the building blocks, so that this too can be filled with relatively low-viscosity concrete for increased stability without concrete leaking into the area between the building blocks. Depending on the unevenness of the building blocks and their porosity, the cutting edge or groove height in their cross-section must be adjusted depending on the base material of the support rings so that the required tightness is achieved.

In vorteilhafter Weise werden nach Patentanspruch 18 die Zentrierkörper T-förmig ausgeführt und mit ihrem Steg am Stützring befestigt. Um eine gute Zentrierung zu erreichen, sind zumindest drei, besser aber eine höhere Anzahl, z. B. sechs Zentrierkörper am Stützring befestigt, so daß die quer zu den Stegen verlaufenden Schenkel der T-förmigen Zentrierkörper in die Ausnehmungen der Bausteine passen und eine gute Führung ergeben.Advantageously, according to claim 18, the centering body is T-shaped and attached to the support ring with its web. In order to achieve good centering, at least three, but better a higher number, z. B. six centering body attached to the support ring so that the transverse to the webs legs of the T-shaped centering body fit into the recesses of the blocks and provide good guidance.

Die Zentrierkörper können aber auch gemäß Patentanspruch 20 L-förmig ausgebildet sein. Diese L-förmigen Zentrierkörper müssen dabei aber abwechselnd, d. h. mit dem freien Schenkel nach unten und nach oben weisend am Stützring befestigt sind, damit ein Teil der Schenkel mit der Ausnehmung des darüberliegenden Bausteins und der andere Teil der Schenkel mit den Ausnehmungen des darunter befindlichen Bausteins eine exakte Führung ergeben. Die Schenkel müssen dabei nicht regelmäßig abwechselnd nach unten und oben ausgerichtet sein, sondern können auch unregelmäßig sich abwechseln. Entscheidend kommt es nur auf die gute Zentrierung an.The centering body can also be L-shaped according to claim 20. However, this L-shaped centering body must alternately, d. H. are attached to the support ring with the free leg pointing downward and upward, so that part of the leg with the recess of the component located above it and the other part of the leg with the recesses of the component located below result in exact guidance. The legs do not have to be aligned alternately downwards and upwards, but can also alternate irregularly. The only important thing is good centering.

Die Zentrierkörper können in ihrer quer zu der T- bzw. L-förmigen Ausrichtung beliebig gestaltet sein. Zur Materialeinsparung ist es jedoch zweckmäßig, wenn die Zentrierkörper plattenförmig hergestellt sind.The centering body can be designed in any way in its transverse to the T- or L-shaped orientation. To save material, however, it is expedient if the centering bodies are made in the form of a plate.

Um eine Instabilität in der Auflagefläche zwischen übereinander angeordneten Bausteinen zu vermeiden, kann es zweckmäßig sein, die Höhe des Stegs bzw. der Schenkel, die zu dem Stützring führen, niedriger auszubilden als die Höhe des Stutzrings selbst, damit nur dieser eine definierte Auflage ergibt. Zweckmäßigerweise überragt der Stützring diese Steghöhe um das Maß der Schneide, Nuten, Riller oder dergleichen. Stützring und Zentrierkörper können, je nach Herstellungsverfahren und gewünschter Elastizität, aus verschiedenen Materialien hergestellt sein und in verschiedener Weise aneinander befestigt werden. Sie können aber auch in vorteilhafter Weise einstückig aus elastischen Materialien, insbesondere aus Kunststoff bestehen.In order to avoid instability in the support surface between modules arranged one above the other, it may be advisable to design the height of the web or the legs that lead to the support ring to be lower than the height of the support ring itself, so that only this results in a defined support. The support ring expediently projects beyond this web height by the dimension of the cutting edge, grooves, creases or the like. Support ring and centering body can, depending on the manufacturing process and the desired elasticity, be made of different materials and attached to each other in different ways. However, they can also advantageously consist in one piece of elastic materials, in particular plastic.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird nach den Patentansprüchen 24 bis 26 vorgeschlagen, außerhalb des Stützrings mit Abstand zu diesem einen Tragring vorzustehen, der am Stützring zentriert ist und L-, T- oder U-förmig ausgebildet ist. Dieser Tragring, der aus einem anderen Material mit noch höherer Festigkeit hergestellt sein kann, dient dazu, eine Mauer ganz ohne zusätzliche Hilfsmittel, wie Beton zu erstellen, wobei der Stützring mit Zentrierkörpern und der zusätzliche Tragring die vollständige Abstützung der Bausteine aufeinander und zueinander gewährleisten. Der Tragring ist dabei in vorteilhafter Weise als zusätzliches Bauteil ausgeführt und kann beliebig als Zusatzelement verwandt werden, beispielsweise auch nur für die unteren Schichten einer Mauer zur Erhöhung der Stabilität.In a further embodiment of the invention it is proposed according to claims 24 to 26 to project a support ring outside the support ring at a distance from it, which is centered on the support ring and is L, T or U-shaped. This support ring, which can be made of another material with even higher strength, serves to create a wall without any additional aids, such as concrete, the support ring with centering bodies and the additional support ring ensuring the complete support of the building blocks on one another and on the other. The support ring is advantageously designed as an additional component and can be used as an additional element, for example only for the lower layers of a wall to increase stability.

Zwischen den Stützringen bzw. Tragringen nach den Patentanspruchen 16 bis 27 und den Verbindungselementen nach den Patentansprüchen 1 bis 15 und den benachbarten Bausteinen können Ausgleichsscheiben vorgesehen werden, durch die auch bei Maßabweichungen der Bausteine oder sonstiger Ungenauigkeiten ein exaktes Ausrichten der Mauer ermöglicht wird.Between the support rings or support rings according to claims 16 to 27 and the connecting elements according to claims 1 to 15 and the adjacent building blocks, shims can be provided, by which an exact alignment of the wall is made possible even with dimensional deviations of the building blocks or other inaccuracies.

Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird auf die Zeichnungen verweisen, in denen mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele dargestellt sind. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines Trockenmauer-Systems,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch das Trockenmauer-System gemäß der Linie 11-11 in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Teilschnitt durch ein Trockenmauer-System entsprechend Fig. 2, jedoch in vergrößertem Maßstab,
  • Fig. 4 - 6 Teilschnitte durch ein Trockenmauer-System entsprechend Fig. 3, jedoch mit modifizierten Zapfenkörpern,
  • Fig. 7 u. 8 Teilquerschnitte gemäß den Linien VII-VII und VIII-VIII in den Fig. 5 und 6,
  • Fig. 9 einen Schnitt durch das Trockenmauer-System entsprechend Fig. 2 mit einem durchgehenden Zapfenkörper,
  • Fig. 10 einen Teilquerschnitt gemäß der Linie X-X in Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 11 einen Teilschnitt durch ein Trockenmauer-System entsprechend Fig. 3 mit modifiziertem Zapfenkörper,
  • Fig. 12 einen Teilquerschnitt nach der Linie XI-XI in Fig. 11,
  • Fig. 13 einen senkrechten schnitt durch zwei übereinander angeordnete Bausteine und ein modifiziertes Verbindungselement,
  • Fig. 14 einen Horizontalschnitt gemäß der Linie 11-11 in Fig. 13,
  • Fig. 15 einen senkrechten Schnitt gemäß Fig. 13 mit modifiziertem Verbindungselement,
  • Fig. 16 einen Horizontalschnitt gemäß der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 15 und
  • Fig. 17 - 19 vergrößerte Darstellungen des Verbindungselements gemäß Ausschnitt X in Figur 13.
To further explain the invention, reference is made to the drawings, in which several exemplary embodiments are shown. Show it:
  • 1 is a side view of a drywall system,
  • 2 shows a section through the dry wall system along the line 11-11 in FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a partial section through a dry wall system corresponding to FIG. 2, but on an enlarged scale,
  • 4 - 6 partial sections through a dry wall system corresponding to FIG. 3, but with modified cone bodies,
  • Fig. 7 u. 8 partial cross-sections according to the lines VII-VII and VIII-VIII in Figs. 5 and 6,
  • 9 shows a section through the dry wall system corresponding to FIG. 2 with a continuous pin body,
  • 10 is a partial cross section along the line XX in Fig. 3,
  • 11 is a partial section through a dry wall system corresponding to FIG. 3 with a modified pin body,
  • 12 is a partial cross section along the line XI-XI in Fig. 11,
  • 13 shows a vertical section through two modules arranged one above the other and a modified connecting element,
  • 14 is a horizontal section along the line 11-11 in Fig. 13,
  • 15 is a vertical section according to FIG. 13 with modified connecting element,
  • Fig. 16 is a horizontal section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 15 and
  • 17 - 19 enlarged representations of the connecting element according to detail X in FIG. 13.

Das Trockenmauer-System gemäß der Erfindung ist aus im wesentlichen rechteckigen Bausteinen 1 aufgebaut, die an ihren gegeneinander gerichteten Stoßseiten Rücknehmungen der Ecken aufweisen, so daß sie auch winkelversetzt zueinander angeordnet werden können. Das Trockenmauer-System wird üblicherweise auf einen festen Untergrund oder Betonsockel aufgesetzt, wobei die Bausteine 1 versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind. Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, sind für die Endbereiche auch etwa quadratische Bausteine 2 vorgesehen. Den Fig. 2 bis 8 ist zu entnehmen, daß die Bausteine 1 bzw. 2 Ausnehmungen 3 aufweisen, die gemäß den Fig. zylindrisch ausgeführt sind. Wie jedoch den Patentansprüchen und der Beschreibung zu entnehmen ist, können diese Ausnehmungen verschiedenartige andere Querschnitte aufweisen und auch konisch ausgeführt sein. Die innerhalb der Trockenmauer angeordneten Bausteine 1 und 2 haben durchgehende Ausnehmungen, wogegen gemäß Fig. 2 die obere Lage Ausnehmungen aufweist, die nur teilweise in die Bausteine 1 und 2 reichen, so daß sich Abdecksteine ergeben.The drywall system according to the invention is constructed from essentially rectangular building blocks 1 which have recesses in the corners on their mutually facing butt sides, so that they can also be arranged at an angle to one another. The drywall system is usually placed on a solid surface or concrete base, the blocks 1 being arranged offset to one another. As can be seen from FIG. 1, approximately square modules 2 are also provided for the end regions. 2 to 8 that the modules 1 and 2 have recesses 3, which are cylindrical according to the FIG. However, as can be gathered from the patent claims and the description, these recesses can have various other cross sections and can also be conical. The blocks 1 and 2 arranged within the dry stone wall have continuous recesses, whereas, according to FIG. 2, the upper layer has recesses which only partially extend into the blocks 1 and 2, so that cover stones result.

Wie Fig. 3 zeigt, können aber auch alle Bausteine 1 und 2 durchgehende Ausnehmungen 3 aufweisen, wobei dann in den oberen Steinen stopfenförmige Endstücke 4 vorgesehen sind. In den Fig. 2 bis 9 sind die Bausteine 1 bzw. 2 mittels Zapfenkörper 5 miteinander verbunden, die zumindest in zwei übereinander angeordnete Bausteine eingreifen. Die Zapfenkörper 5 sind bevorzugt rohrförmig ausgebildet und an den Enden angefast. Sie können jedoch auch, wie in den Ansprüchen und in der Beschreibung ausgeführt, verschiedene andere Formen aufweisen. Zwischen übereinander angeordneten Bausteinen 1 bzw. 2 sind Bunde 6 vorgesehen, die gemäß den Fig. 2, 3 und 5 einstückig mit dem Zapfenkörper hergestellt sind. Gemäß den Fig. 4, 6 und 9 sind die Bunde 6 als Einzelstücke hergestellt und auf dem Außenumfang des Zapfenkörpers 5 angeordnet.As shown in FIG. 3, however, all of the building blocks 1 and 2 can also have continuous recesses 3, plug-shaped end pieces 4 then being provided in the upper stones. 2 to 9, the building blocks 1 and 2 are connected to one another by means of peg bodies 5 which engage at least in two building blocks arranged one above the other. The pin bodies 5 are preferably tubular and chamfered at the ends. However, as stated in the claims and in the description, they can also have various other forms. Between blocks 1 and 2 arranged one above the other, collars 6 are provided which, according to FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, are produced in one piece with the pin body. 4, 6 and 9, the collars 6 are made as individual pieces and arranged on the outer circumference of the pin body 5.

Weiterhin sind in den Fig. 3 und 4 mit 8 Einschnitte in der hülsenförmigen Wand der Zapfenkörper 5 bezeichnet, durch die die in die Ausnehmungen 3 der Bausteine 1 bzw. 2 reichende Bereiche der Zapfenkörper radial nachgiebig werden und leichter in die Ausnehmungen eingeschoben werden können.3 and 4 with 8 incisions in the sleeve-shaped wall of the pin body 5, through which the areas of the pin body extending into the recesses 3 of the building blocks 1 and 2 become radially flexible and can be inserted more easily into the recesses.

Der Zapfenkörper 5 gemäß Fig. 3 weist weiterhin in seinem hülsenförmigen Bereich Aussparungen 9 auf, die in Hohlräume 10 in dem Bund 6 übergehen. In diese Hohlräume und Aussparungen kann bei Auffüllen der Ausnehmungen 3 der Bausteine mit Beton dieser eindringen, so daß sich auch bei Alterung oder sonstigem Nachgeben der Bunde eine sichere Abstützung ergibt. Zu diesem Zweck sind die Wände zwischen Hohlräume und Bausteine möglichst dünn ausgeführt.The pin body 5 according to FIG. 3 also has recesses 9 in its sleeve-shaped area, which merge into cavities 10 in the collar 6. When the recesses 3 of the building blocks are filled with concrete, these cavities and recesses can penetrate them so that there is reliable support even in the event of aging or other yielding of the bundles. For this purpose, the walls between cavities and building blocks are made as thin as possible.

In Fig. 10, die einen Schnitt durch einen Zapfenkörper mit Aussparungen zeigt, sind die Ausgestaltungen der Aussparungen und Hohlräume deutlich zu erkennen.In Fig. 10, which shows a section through a pin body with recesses, the configurations of the recesses and cavities can be clearly seen.

Gemäß den Fig. 5 und 6 sowie 7 und 8 weisen die Zapfenkörper auf ihrer Außenmantelfläche Stege 7 auf, die in den Fig. 5 und 7 umlaufend und in den Fig. 6 und 8 längsverlaufend angeordnet sind. Diese Stege 7 können, wie insbesondere Fig. 5 zu entnehmen ist, geneigt angeordnet sein, so daß sie sich leicht in die Bausteine 1 bzw. 2 einschieben lassen.According to FIGS. 5 and 6 and 7 and 8, the peg bodies have webs 7 on their outer lateral surface, which are arranged all around in FIGS. 5 and 7 and longitudinally in FIGS. 6 and 8. These webs 7 can, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 5, be arranged inclined so that they can be easily inserted into the building blocks 1 and 2.

Wie weiterhin Fig. 9 zu entnehmen ist, können die Zapfenkörper auch durch mehrere Ausnehmungen übereinander angeordneter Bausteine 1 bzw. 2 hindurchgeführt annähernd die Höhe der Trockenmauer aufweisen und ggf. in das Fundament eingreifen, so daß je nach Höhe der Mauer und Gegebenheiten keine weitere Befestigung erforderlich ist. Die Zapfenkörper 5 können aber auch sowohl in langer als auch in kurzer Ausführung mit Beton gefüllt und ggf. mit Eisen armiert sein.As can also be seen in FIG. 9, the peg bodies can also have approximately the height of the dry stone wall and be passed through a plurality of recesses of blocks 1 and 2 arranged one above the other and possibly engage in the foundation, so that, depending on the height of the wall and the circumstances, no further fastening is required. The pin body 5 can also be filled with concrete in both long and short versions and possibly reinforced with iron.

In den Fig. 11 und 12 ist ein Zapfenkörper 5 ähnlich dem der Fig. 6 und 8 dargestellt, bei dem die radiale Erstreckung der Stege 7 durch Verkleinerung der Hülse größer ausgeführt ist. Dadurch kann in die Ausnehmungen 3 eingefüllter Beton in den Bereich der Stege 7 und weiterhin bis zur Innenwand des Bundes 6 gelangen, dessen Innendurchmesser vergrößert und über verlängerte Stege geführt ist. Dadurch kann sich ein Betonring bilden, der unabhängig von dem Bund die Abstützung der Bausteine übernehmen kann.11 and 12, a pin body 5 is shown similar to that of FIGS. 6 and 8, in which the radial extension of the webs 7 is made larger by reducing the sleeve. As a result, concrete filled into the recesses 3 can reach the area of the webs 7 and continue to the inner wall of the collar 6, the inside diameter of which is enlarged and guided over elongated webs. This can form a concrete ring that can support the building blocks independently of the collar.

In den Figuren 13 bis 19 ist zwischen den Bausteinen 1 ein Stützring 12 vorgesehen, dessen Innendurchmesser größer als der Durchmesser der mit 3 bezeichneten Ausnehmungen in den Bausteinen 1 ist. An der Innenfläche der Stützringe 12 sind plattenförmige Zentrierkörper 13 befestigt, die T-förmig ausgebildet und mit ihrem Steg am Stützring befestigt sind. Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind, wie insbesondere den Figuren 14 und 16 zu entnehmen ist, sechs Zentrierkörper vorgesehen. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß nicht zwangsweise sechs Zentrierkörper vorgesehen werden müssen. Prinzipiell reichen drei Zentrierkörper für die Ausrichtung aus. Wie weiter in den Patentansprüchen und der Patentbeschreibung ausgeführt, können auch L-förmige Zentrierkörper vorgesehen sein, deren freie Schenkel dann abwechselnd in Ausnehmungen des unteren und darüber angeordneten Bausteins eingreifen. Durch die besondere Ausgestaltung des Stützrings mit Zentrierkörpern entsteht entlang der Ausnehmungen in den Bausteinen und der Stützringe je nach Höhe der Mauer ein Kanal, der mit Beton gefüllt werden kann, wobei aufgrund der flachen Ausbildung der Zentrierkörper praktisch keine Behinderung des Betonflusses entsteht. Durch die besondere Ausbildung der Stirnseiten der Stützringe 12 gemäß der Figuren 17 bis 19 wird sichergestellt, daß die Stützringe mit den Auflageflächen der Bausteine eine dichte Verbindung bilden. Je nach Material der Stützringe 12 kann die Stirnseite gemäß Figur 17 angefast sein oder mit einer Nut 14 gemäß Figur 18 bzw. eine Schneide 15 gemäß Figur 16 ausgerüstet sein, die insoweit nachgiebig sind, daß Unebenheiten der Fläche der Bausteine und ggf. deren Porösität ausgeglichen wird.In FIGS. 13 to 19, a support ring 12 is provided between the building blocks 1, the inner diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the recesses in the building blocks 1, which are denoted by 3. On the inner surface of the support rings 12, plate-shaped centering bodies 13 are fastened, which are T-shaped and fastened to the support ring with their web. In the exemplary embodiment, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 14 and 16, there are six Centering body provided. It should be noted that six centering bodies do not necessarily have to be provided. In principle, three centering bodies are sufficient for the alignment. As further stated in the patent claims and the patent description, L-shaped centering bodies can also be provided, the free legs of which then alternately engage in recesses in the lower and the module arranged above them. The special design of the support ring with centering bodies creates a channel along the recesses in the building blocks and the support rings, depending on the height of the wall, which can be filled with concrete, whereby due to the flat design of the centering bodies there is practically no obstruction of the concrete flow. The special design of the end faces of the support rings 12 according to FIGS. 17 to 19 ensures that the support rings form a tight connection with the contact surfaces of the building blocks. Depending on the material of the support rings 12, the end face can be chamfered according to FIG. 17 or equipped with a groove 14 according to FIG. 18 or a cutting edge 15 according to FIG. 16, which are flexible to the extent that unevenness in the surface of the building blocks and possibly their porosity compensates becomes.

Wie insbesondere den Figuren 15 und 16 zu entnehmen ist, kann außerhalb des Stützrings 12 ein Tragring 16 angeordnet werden, der bevorzugt L-förmig gemäß Fig. 15 ausgebildet ist. Er kann jedoch auch T- oder U-förmig ausgeführt sein. Es kommt dabei darauf an, daß der Tragring über die Stege bzw. Schenkel am Stützring 12 zentriert ist und dabei zur Unterstützung seiner Tragefunktion einen Abstand zum Stützring bekommt, so daß er ein hohes Stützmoment aufbringen kann, wodurch eine stabile Ausrichtung der Mauer und ein fester Stand gewährleistet ist, und zwar auch ohne Auffüllung des Kanals mittels Beton oder dergleichen. In vorteilhafter Weise ist daher dieser Tragring als Zusatsteil ausgeführt und kann alternativ benutzt werden.As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 15 and 16, a support ring 16 can be arranged outside the support ring 12, which is preferably L-shaped according to FIG. 15. However, it can also be T-shaped or U-shaped. It is important that the support ring is centered on the webs or legs on the support ring 12 and, in order to support its carrying function, is at a distance from the support ring, so that it can exert a high support torque, thereby ensuring a stable alignment of the wall and a firm one Stand is guaranteed, even without filling the channel with concrete or the like. This support ring is therefore advantageously designed as an additional part and can alternatively be used.

Claims (26)

1. A dry-wall system constructable of bricks (1, 2) which - in a plan view thereof - are substantially rectangular or square and the top and bottom faces of which are spacedly securable one above the other by means of stepped connecting elements (5), in which at least the bricks' abutting faces are curved or chamfered to permit the dry wall to be constructed so as to include curved or angle- shaped sections,
characterised in that the connecting elements are separate spigots (5) serving to engage matching recesses (3) of at least two of the stacked bricks (1, 2), and in that each of the spigots (5) is provided on its outer circumference with a collar (6) for determining the spacing between the stacked bricks (1, 2), which are flat blocks.
2. A dry-wall system according to claim 1,
characterised in that the outer circumference of each of the spigots (5) and the inner circumference of each of the recesses (3) are - in a cross-sectional view thereof - circular or triangular or rectangular or polygonal, and in that the number of corners of the inner circumference is the same as or exceeds the number of corners of the spigot's outer circumference.
3. A dry-wall system according to claim 1 or claim 2,
characterised in that the collar (6) is a separate component made, possibly, of a material of greater compressive strength.
4. A dry-wall system according to claim 3, characterised in that the spigots (5) extend through and engage more than two blocks (1, 2), and in that, possibly, their overall length equals the height of the dry wall.
5. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the spigots (5) are made of a rigid or soft PVC or a similar material or, possibly, of rubber, and in that the blocks (1, 2) are concrete ones.
6. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the collar (6) is provided, at least on is outer circumference, with a lining, a skin, a band or the like of the same material and/or of the same colour as the blocks (1, 2), and in that, possibly, the entire collar is made of this material.
7. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the spigots (5) are bushes each of which is provided in the region of its collar, or each of its collars, (6) with apertures (9) in its wall, and in that the apertures link up with cavities (10) in the, or the respective, collar (6).
8. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the spigots (5) are bushes each of which is provided in the region of its collar, or each of its collars, (6) with apertures in its wall, that the inside dimension of the or each collar (6) exceeds the dimension of the recesses (3) in the blocks (1, 2), that spacers are arranged between the inner circumference of the or each collar (6) and the outer circumference of the spigot, and in that the or each collar (6) is secured to or guided by the spigot (5) with the aid of said spacers
9. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that webs (7) in the region of the or each collar (6) extend beyond the dimension of the recesses (3) in the blocks and radially outwardly to the enlarged inside dimension of the or each collar (6) and serve to centre the latter.
10. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that flanges, lips or dents are arranged in the recesses (3) of the blocks.
11. A dry-wall system, in which the or each collar is a separate component, according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that separators are disposed between the end faces of any two spigots (5).
12. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the section or sections of the spigots extending into the recesses of the blocks is, or are, tapered.
13. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the recesses of the blocks are also tapered to match the shape of the spigots.
14. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised by stopper-like end pieces (4), the dimensions of which correspond to those of the recesses (3) of the blocks (1, 2).
15. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the or each connecting element includes a prop ring (12) which is disposed between the stacked blocks (1) and the internal diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the recesses (3) of the blocks (1), and in that centering members (13) are arranged inside each prop ring (12) and engage the recesses (3) of the stacked blocks (1).
16. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the or each prop ring (12) is provided at each of its end faces facing the blocks (1) with a continuous bevel (15) or a groove (14) or a slot or the like.
17. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the centering members (13) are T-shaped and fastened by their respective stem to the prop ring (12).
18. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the centering members (13) number at least three but preferably six, and in that their faces remote from the stem engage the recesses (3) of the stacked blocks (1).
19. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the centering members (13) are L-shaped, and in that one arm of each of them is fastened to the prop ring (12) whilst the other arms of alternating members engage the recesses (3) of the upper block (1) and, respectively, the lower block (1).
20. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the centering members (13) are plate-shaped.
21. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the height of the stems and, respectively, of the arms fastened to the prop ring (12) is less than the height of the prop ring (12).
22. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the prop ring (12) and the centering members (13) are combined into a one- piece component, preferably made of PVC.
23. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that a supporting ring (16) is arranged outside and spaced from the prop ring (12).
24. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the supporting ring (16) is centered on the prop ring (12).
25. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the supporting ring (16) is L-shaped or T-shaped or U-shaped and is centered by its stem or arm or arms on the prop ring (12).
26. A dry-wall system according to any of the preceding claims,
characterised by shims fittable singly or in multiples between the connecting elements and adjacent blocks.
EP85107610A 1984-07-31 1985-06-20 Dry wall construction system Expired EP0170840B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85107610T ATE34419T1 (en) 1984-07-31 1985-06-20 DRY WALL SYSTEM.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3428148 1984-07-31
DE19843428148 DE3428148A1 (en) 1984-07-31 1984-07-31 Dry stone wall system
DE19843447931 DE3447931A1 (en) 1984-07-31 1984-12-15 Dry-masonry-wall system
DE3447931 1984-12-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0170840A1 EP0170840A1 (en) 1986-02-12
EP0170840B1 true EP0170840B1 (en) 1988-05-18

Family

ID=25823435

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85107610A Expired EP0170840B1 (en) 1984-07-31 1985-06-20 Dry wall construction system

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EP (1) EP0170840B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1258592A (en)
DE (2) DE3447931A1 (en)
DK (1) DK162300C (en)
NO (1) NO853018L (en)

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DE19633707C2 (en) * 1996-08-21 2001-02-15 Paul Kramer Drywall system

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GB2215749A (en) * 1988-03-11 1989-09-27 John Heelan Apertured building blocks with locating pegs
DE3863925D1 (en) * 1988-06-14 1991-08-29 Rolf Scheiwiller DISTANCE HOLDER FOR BUILDING WALLS FROM CONSTRUCTED STONE.
US4947610A (en) * 1989-04-13 1990-08-14 Robert Koerner Method and apparatus for building a brick wall
FR2668519A1 (en) * 1990-10-29 1992-04-30 Millescamps Jacky Building block for detached houses
DE19805252B4 (en) * 1998-02-10 2004-03-25 Langenstein & Schemann Gmbh Wall panel with crossbeam layers and supporting device and process for their production
DE19840774A1 (en) * 1998-09-07 2000-03-09 Bernd Beck Connector to link hollow bricks at their end sides has a main plate or bar with projecting spacers to fit into hollow zones of the bricks and lock them together in rows
EP1276944A1 (en) * 2000-04-27 2003-01-22 Woodblocx Limited Block construction
PA8631001A1 (en) 2005-04-21 2005-12-23 Soloarmar Panama S A SOLOARAR
GB2443414B (en) * 2006-11-02 2011-08-24 Stuart Edward Allbrighton A building block
ES2390685B1 (en) * 2011-04-18 2013-09-30 Joel CLAVERIAS VELASCO CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM.
ES2545162B1 (en) * 2014-03-06 2016-09-13 Industrias Audiolis, S.L. CONSTRUCTION PLATE, ANTISISM CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD
WO2015132422A1 (en) * 2014-03-06 2015-09-11 Industrias Audiolis, S.L. Construction plate, anti-seismic construction system, and construction method

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DE2518739A1 (en) * 1975-04-26 1976-11-04 Schleich Josef Hollow bricks or concrete building slabs for insulated walls - have large cavities contg. insulating bodies, ducts, and junction grooves
CH602965A5 (en) * 1975-11-17 1978-08-15 Rolf Scheiwiller
IT1129828B (en) * 1980-11-10 1986-06-11 Keybrick System Srl BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM
GB2089863A (en) * 1980-12-18 1982-06-30 Moss Peter Building Structure

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19633707C2 (en) * 1996-08-21 2001-02-15 Paul Kramer Drywall system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK162300B (en) 1991-10-07
DE3447931A1 (en) 1986-06-26
DK346285D0 (en) 1985-07-30
DK162300C (en) 1992-03-16
DK346285A (en) 1986-02-01
CA1258592A (en) 1989-08-22
DE3562788D1 (en) 1988-06-23
EP0170840A1 (en) 1986-02-12
NO853018L (en) 1986-02-03

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