EP0169402B1 - Rock drill bit - Google Patents

Rock drill bit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0169402B1
EP0169402B1 EP85107961A EP85107961A EP0169402B1 EP 0169402 B1 EP0169402 B1 EP 0169402B1 EP 85107961 A EP85107961 A EP 85107961A EP 85107961 A EP85107961 A EP 85107961A EP 0169402 B1 EP0169402 B1 EP 0169402B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rock drill
wings
cutter body
drill according
plunge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85107961A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0169402A3 (en
EP0169402A2 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Peetz
Bernhard Moser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch Power Tools GmbH
Original Assignee
Hawera Probst GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hawera Probst GmbH filed Critical Hawera Probst GmbH
Publication of EP0169402A2 publication Critical patent/EP0169402A2/en
Publication of EP0169402A3 publication Critical patent/EP0169402A3/en
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Publication of EP0169402B1 publication Critical patent/EP0169402B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/58—Chisel-type inserts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
    • E21B10/40—Percussion drill bits with leading portion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rock drill with radial recess grooves for receiving cutting bodies to be soldered in, and in particular to a rock drill for breakthroughs with a drill head body arranged at the end of a drill shaft, the at least two radially projecting vanes provided with cutting bodies, and a centering lug with cutting bodies arranged axially in front of the wings in the direction of drilling having.
  • the cutting bodies made of hard metal are soldered into the cutting body receiving grooves of the steel drill head using the brazing method.
  • the depth of the cutting body receiving groove was dimensioned such that the cutting body sits on the base of the groove during the soldering process in order to obtain a precisely defined position.
  • the invention has for its object to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages, i.e. to create a tension-free fit of hard metal cutting bodies in rock drills and in this context to simplify the manufacturing process, in particular of rock drills for producing breakthroughs, and thus to make them more cost-effective.
  • the ratio of thermal expansion is approx. 2: 1 for the material pairing of steel and hard metal.
  • the ratio of thermal expansion is approx. 2: 1 for the material pairing of steel and hard metal.
  • room temperature equal lengths of hard metal and steel are available before the soldering process. When heated to the soldering temperature, the steel expands much more than the hard metal. When the connection cools down to the solidification temperature of the solder, the length of the steel is still much greater than that of the hard metal body. Further cooling to room temperature then - similar to a bimetal - causes the compound to bend.
  • this deflection cannot take place with a drilling tool, since in practice the hard metal plate is surrounded on both sides by steel as a result of the slot soldering. As a result, tensile stresses must be present in the steel body that are greatest in the slot base. There are also tensile stresses in the transverse direction in the hard metal plate.
  • the hard metal cutting body can now at least partially follow the steel shrinkage, so that the stresses both in the steel and in the hard metal cutting body are considerably reduced and in particular are not exactly present in the slot base.
  • This area is in any case very vulnerable as a breaking point due to voltage peaks.
  • the invention therefore has the further advantage that, in a rock drill with two blades, all the grooves for receiving cutting bodies are produced with only one operation.
  • the groove is made so deep axially through the centering projection with a side milling cutter that it simultaneously engages in the wings of the drill head body. The result is a continuous radial groove, which cuts through both the centering shoulder in its full axial length and the wings to the intended depth for the cutting body.
  • the continuous groove according to the invention for forming the insert seat in the wing also advantageously enables the cutting bodies to be optimally soldered into the wing. This is achieved by the fact that due to the available space on both sides of the respective cutting element, correct metering and feeding of the solder is made possible.
  • the principle according to the invention can be applied to a one-piece rock drill both with two and with a larger number of blades, provided that these are arranged diametrically to one another. According to the invention, the simplified production possibility of one-piece rock drills and thus the more economical production of such breakthrough tools is decisive.
  • a plurality of cutting bodies can be arranged radially next to one another in a groove in order to increase the cutting performance if necessary. For this it is not necessary that new grooves or slots or bores are made in the wings by means of complex manufacturing processes.
  • a plurality of radial grooves can be arranged at a certain angle to one another in one finger. This can also increase the cutting performance for special applications.
  • the rock drill 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be both a normal twist drill and the centering tip or centering shoulder 16 of a rock drill as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the largely tension-free seat of the cutting body cutting element 23 made of hard metal in the cutting body receiving groove 17 is decisive the penetration depth t 2 of the hard metal cutting body 23.
  • the free space t 4 between the cutting body and the groove bottom should be at least 0.5 x the slot width or cutting body b. As a result, the lower edge of the cutting body 23 does not rest on the bottom 18 of the groove 17.
  • the width b of the slot or the groove 17 is constant.
  • the loads that occur in practice are in the range of approx. 2 to 4 tons.
  • the rock drill 10 'shown in a side view in FIG. 3 consists of a drill head body 11 which is molded onto the cylindrical shaft 12 of a breakthrough tool.
  • the drill head body 11 consists of two radial sections designated as vanes 13, 14, which are designed in a manner known per se. With respect to the axis plane 15, the wings 13, 14 are designed symmetrically.
  • a continuous cutting body receiving groove 17 ′ is produced, which extends in alignment from the outermost radial point of the wing 13 via the centering projection 16 to the outermost radial point of the wing 14.
  • the lower edge 18 'of the receiving groove 17' which can be seen in plan view in FIG. 4 is indicated by dashed lines.
  • the cutting bodies 19, 20 in the wing 13 or 21, 22 in the wing 14 and the cutting body 23 of the centering projection 16, which is offset in the axial direction, are then soldered into this continuous cutting body receiving groove 17 ′, which can be produced in one operation, in the known brazing process.
  • this continuous cutting body receiving groove 17 ′ which can be produced in one operation, in the known brazing process.
  • the cutting bodies 19 to 22 are easily accessible from the side, so that the dosage of the solder and the soldering process can be optimally designed.
  • the cutting body 23 of the centering projection 16 is not limited at the bottom by the continuous groove 17 ', so that lower voltage peaks occur during soldering than with firm clamping.
  • the cutting body receiving groove 17 ' is offset by an angle ⁇ ⁇ 18 ° with respect to the plane of symmetry 24 by the wings 13, 14.
  • this ensures early engagement of the cutting bodies 19 to 22 in the material to be drilled and increased support of the cutting bodies by the drill head body 11.
  • This measure also makes it possible to provide a further cutting body receiving groove 17 "offset at an angle in the wings 13, 14, in order to achieve an increased cutting performance with only two wings.
  • more than two wings that is to say, for example, an arrangement according to FIG literature mentioned at the beginning can be used.
  • the radius R shown in Fig. 2 is approximately 32 mm.
  • the groove depth t 2 in the wings 13, 14 is approximately 4.5 mm, the groove width b is also approximately 4.5 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gesteinsbohrer mit radialen Einstichnuten zur Aufnahme von einzulötenden Schneidekörpern und insbesondere einen Gesteinsbohrer für Durchbrüche mit einem am Ende eines Bohrerschaftes angeordneten Bohrkopfkörper der wenigstens zwei radial vorstehende, mit Schneidkörpern versehene Flügel, sowie einen in Bohrrichtung vor den Flügeln axial angeordneten Zentrieransatz mit Schneidkörpern aufweist.The invention relates to a rock drill with radial recess grooves for receiving cutting bodies to be soldered in, and in particular to a rock drill for breakthroughs with a drill head body arranged at the end of a drill shaft, the at least two radially projecting vanes provided with cutting bodies, and a centering lug with cutting bodies arranged axially in front of the wings in the direction of drilling having.

Bei bekannten Gesteinsbohrern werden die aus Hartmetall bestehenden Schneidkörper in die Schneidkörperaufnahmenuten des aus Stahl bestehenden Bohrerkopfs im Hartlötverfahren eingelötet. Dabei wurde die Tiefe der Schneidkörperaufnahmenut derart bemessen, dass der Schneidkörper auf dem Nutgrund beim Lötvorgang aufsitzt, um eine genau definierte Lage zu bekommen. Bei diesem Verfahren wird in Kauf genommen, dass sich beim Lötvorgang infolge der stark unterschiedlichen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten von Hartmetall und Stahl (Faktor ca. 1:2) Spannungen insbesondere im unteren Bereich der Einstichnut bilden, die bei extremer Belastung zu einer Schwächung der Verbindung führen können.In known rock drills, the cutting bodies made of hard metal are soldered into the cutting body receiving grooves of the steel drill head using the brazing method. The depth of the cutting body receiving groove was dimensioned such that the cutting body sits on the base of the groove during the soldering process in order to obtain a precisely defined position. With this method, it is accepted that during the soldering process, due to the very different expansion coefficients of hard metal and steel (factor approx. 1: 2), stresses form in the lower area of the groove, which can lead to a weakening of the connection under extreme loads.

Dieses Problem ist gleichermassen bei normalen Gesteinsbohrern als auch bei Gesteinsbohrern zur Erzeugung von Durchbrüchen bekannt, wie sie beispielsweise aus der DE-A-2 414 354 zu entnehmen sind. Der Zentrieransatz an derartigen Werkzeugen ist prinzipiell gleich aufgebaut wie normale Hartmetallbohrer, d.h. der Zentrieransatz weist einen entsprechenden Hartmetallschneidkörper auf. Zusätzlich ist es bei den bekannten Gesteinsbohrern zur Herstellung von Durchbrüchen weiterhin erforderlich, Nuten bzw. Bohrungen in den radial nach aussen gerichteten Flügeln anzubringen, die zur Aufgabe der Hartmetall-Schneidkörper in den Flügeln dienen. Diese einzelnen Schneidplatten-Aufnahmenuten in den Flügeln müssen mittels Fingerfräser oder ähnlichem hergestellt werden, was das Herstellungsverfahren verteuert.This problem is known both in normal rock drills and in rock drills for producing breakthroughs, as can be seen, for example, from DE-A-2 414 354. The centering approach on such tools is basically the same as normal carbide drills, i.e. the centering projection has a corresponding hard metal cutting body. In addition, in the known rock drills for producing breakthroughs, it is still necessary to make grooves or bores in the radially outward-facing blades, which serve to perform the hard metal cutting bodies in the blades. These individual insert slots in the wings have to be produced using a milling cutter or the like, which makes the manufacturing process more expensive.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die vorgenannten Nachteile zu beseitigen, d.h. einen möglichst spannungsfreien Sitz von Hartmetall-Schneidkörpern bei Gesteinsbohrern zu schaffen und in diesem Zusammenhang das Herstellungsverfahren insbesondere von Gesteinsbohrern zur Erzeugung von Durchbrüchen zu vereinfachen und damit kostengünstiger zu gestalten.The invention has for its object to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages, i.e. to create a tension-free fit of hard metal cutting bodies in rock drills and in this context to simplify the manufacturing process, in particular of rock drills for producing breakthroughs, and thus to make them more cost-effective.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch den kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the characterizing part of claim 1.

Der erfindungsgemässe Einbau eines Hartmetall-Schneidkörpers ohne untere Abstützung wirkt sich günstig auf den Spannungszustand im Bohrkopf aus. Der Grund hierfür kann im folgenden gesehen werden.The installation of a hard metal cutting body according to the invention without a lower support has a favorable effect on the stress state in the drill head. The reason for this can be seen in the following.

Bei der Werkstoffpaarung Stahl-Hartmetall beträgt das Verhältnis der Wärmeausdehnung ca. 2:1. Bei Raumtemperatur sind vor dem Lötvorgang zunächst gleiche Längen von Hartmetall und Stahl vorhanden. Bei der Erwärmung auf Löttemperatur dehnt sich dann der Stahl wesentlich stärker aus als das Hartmetall. Bei Abkühlung der Verbindung bis auf die Erstarrungstemperatur des Lotes ist die Längenausdehnung des Stahls immer noch wesentlich grösser als die des Hartmetallkörpers. Eine weitere Abkühlung auf Raumtemperatur bewirkt dann - ähnlich wie bei einem Bi-Metall - eine Verbiegung der zusammengesetzten Verbindung. Diese Durchbiegung kann jedoch bei einem Bohrwerkzeug nicht erfolgen, da in der Praxis die Hartmetallplatte beidseitig von Stahl infolge der Schlitzlötung umgeben ist. Demzufolge müssen im Stahlkörper Zugspannungen vorliegen die im Schlitzgrund am grössten sind. Ebenso herrschen in der HartmetallPlatte Zugspannungen in Querrichtung.The ratio of thermal expansion is approx. 2: 1 for the material pairing of steel and hard metal. At room temperature, equal lengths of hard metal and steel are available before the soldering process. When heated to the soldering temperature, the steel expands much more than the hard metal. When the connection cools down to the solidification temperature of the solder, the length of the steel is still much greater than that of the hard metal body. Further cooling to room temperature then - similar to a bimetal - causes the compound to bend. However, this deflection cannot take place with a drilling tool, since in practice the hard metal plate is surrounded on both sides by steel as a result of the slot soldering. As a result, tensile stresses must be present in the steel body that are greatest in the slot base. There are also tensile stresses in the transverse direction in the hard metal plate.

Gemäss der Erfindung kann nun der Hartmetall-Schneidkörper den Stahlschrumpfungen wenigstens teilweise folgen, so dass die Spannungen sowohl im Stahl als auch im Hartmetall-Schneidkörper erheblich reduziert werden und insbesondere nicht gerade im Schlitzgrund vorliegen. Dieser Bereich ist als Bruchstelle infolge von Spannungsspitzen ohnehin sehr gefährdet.According to the invention, the hard metal cutting body can now at least partially follow the steel shrinkage, so that the stresses both in the steel and in the hard metal cutting body are considerably reduced and in particular are not exactly present in the slot base. This area is in any case very vulnerable as a breaking point due to voltage peaks.

Führt man aus oben genannten Gründen erfindungsgemäss einen tiefergehenden Schlitz aus, so folgt als Weiterentwicklung dieses Gedankens die erfinderische Ausbildung der Erfindung gemäss dem Unteranspruch 3.If, according to the invention, a deeper slot is carried out for the reasons mentioned above, the inventive development of the invention follows as a further development of this idea.

Gegenüber den bekannten einstückigen Gesteinsbohrern zur Herstellung von Durchbrüchen hat die Erfindung demnach den weiteren Vorteil, dass bei einem Gesteinsbohrer mit zwei Flügeln, mit nur einem Arbeitsgang sämtliche Nuten für die Aufnahme von Schneidkörpern hergestellt werden. Hierzu wird erfindungsgemäss mit einem Scheibenfräser die Nut durch den Zentrieransatz axial so tief ausgeführt, dass sie gleichzeitig in die Flügel des Bohrkopfkörpers eingreift. Es entsteht demnach eine durchgehende radiale Nut, die sowohl den Zentrieransatz in seiner vollen axialen Länge als auch die Flügel bis zu der vorgesehenen Tiefe für die Schneidkörper durchtrennt.Compared to the known one-piece rock drills for producing breakthroughs, the invention therefore has the further advantage that, in a rock drill with two blades, all the grooves for receiving cutting bodies are produced with only one operation. For this purpose, according to the invention, the groove is made so deep axially through the centering projection with a side milling cutter that it simultaneously engages in the wings of the drill head body. The result is a continuous radial groove, which cuts through both the centering shoulder in its full axial length and the wings to the intended depth for the cutting body.

Die erfindungsgemässe durchgehende Nut zur Bildung des Schneidplattensitzes in den Flügel ermöglicht weiterhin auf vorteilhafte Weise ein optimales Einlöten der Schneidkörper in die Flügel. Dies wird dadurch bewirkt, dass infolge des vorhandenen Platzes beidseitig des jeweiligen Schneidelements, eine richtige Dosierung und Zuführung des Lotes ermöglicht wird.The continuous groove according to the invention for forming the insert seat in the wing also advantageously enables the cutting bodies to be optimally soldered into the wing. This is achieved by the fact that due to the available space on both sides of the respective cutting element, correct metering and feeding of the solder is made possible.

Das erfindungsgemässe Prinzip lässt sich bei einem einstückigen Gesteinsbohrer sowohl bei zwei, als auch bei darüber hinausgehender Anzahl von Flügeln anwenden, sofern diese zueinander diametral angeordnet sind. Erfindungsgemäss massgeblich ist die vereinfachte Herstellungsmöglichkeit von einstückigen Gesteinsbohrern und damit die wirtschaftlichere Herstellung derartiger Durchbruchwerkzeuge.The principle according to the invention can be applied to a one-piece rock drill both with two and with a larger number of blades, provided that these are arranged diametrically to one another. According to the invention, the simplified production possibility of one-piece rock drills and thus the more economical production of such breakthrough tools is decisive.

Durch die in den weiteren Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Massnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der Erfindung möglich. Gemäss der Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Unteranspruch 2 wird ein zweckmässiges Längenverhältnis zur Ausführung der Gesamttiefe der Nut bei einem Gesteinsbohrer allgemein vorgeschlagen.Advantageous developments and improvements of the invention are possible through the measures listed in the further subclaims. According to the training of the Erfin dung according to subclaim 2, an appropriate aspect ratio for executing the total depth of the groove in a rock drill is generally proposed.

Die weitere Ausbildung des erfindungsgemässen Grundgedankens bei einem Gesteinsbohrer insbesondere zur Erzeugung von Durchbrüchen nach Unteranspruch 3 bringt Fertigungsvorteile durch einfache konstruktive Gestaltung mit sich.The further development of the basic concept according to the invention in a rock drill, in particular for producing breakthroughs according to subclaim 3, brings about manufacturing advantages through a simple structural design.

Die Massnahmen gemäss den Unteransprüchen 4 und 5 stellen vorteilhafte Einzelheiten der Weiterbildung dar. Insbesondere können mehrere Schneidkörper in einer Nut radial nebeneinander angeordnet werden, um damit die Schneidleistung ggf. zu erhöhen. Hierfür ist es nicht erforderlich dass neue Nuten bzw. Schlitze oder Bohrungen durch aufwendige Fertigungsverfahren in die Flügel eingebracht werden.The measures according to subclaims 4 and 5 represent advantageous details of the further development. In particular, a plurality of cutting bodies can be arranged radially next to one another in a groove in order to increase the cutting performance if necessary. For this it is not necessary that new grooves or slots or bores are made in the wings by means of complex manufacturing processes.

Gemäss der Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nach Unteranspruch 6 ist es bei dem speziellen Gesteinsbohrer zur Erzeugung von Durchbrüchen zweckmässig, die Nut durch die Flügel um einen gewissen Winkel versetzt zur Symmetrieebene anzuordnen. Bei einer Drehbewegung des Werkzeugs im Uhrzeigersinn wird hierdurch ein frühzeitiger Eingriff der Schneidkörper in das zu bohrende Gut und eine erhöhte Abstützung der Schneidkörper durch den Bohrkopfkörper gewährleistet.According to the embodiment of the invention according to subclaim 6, it is expedient in the special rock drill for producing breakthroughs to arrange the groove offset by a certain angle to the plane of symmetry through the wings. When the tool rotates clockwise, this ensures that the cutting bodies engage in the material to be drilled at an early stage and provides increased support for the cutting bodies by the drill head body.

Gemäss der Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nach Unteranspruch 7 können in einem Finger mehrere radiale Nuten in einem bestimmten Winkel zueinander angeordnet sein. Hierdurch kann für besondere Einsatzfälle die Schneidleistung ebenfalls erhöht werden.According to the embodiment of the invention according to subclaim 7, a plurality of radial grooves can be arranged at a certain angle to one another in one finger. This can also increase the cutting performance for special applications.

Die Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nach Unteranspruch 8 sieht vor, dass - wie an sich bekannt - vier symmetrisch angeordnete Flügel mit den erfindungsgemässen Massnahmen ausgebildet sind.The embodiment of the invention according to subclaim 8 provides that, as is known per se, four symmetrically arranged wings are designed with the measures according to the invention.

Die vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nach Unteranspruch 9 erweitert den erfindungsgemässen Gedanken auch auf Kreuzbohrkronen.The advantageous embodiment of the invention according to subclaim 9 extends the concept according to the invention also to cross drill bits.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht der Erfindung mit verlängerter Schneidkörper-Einstichnut,
  • Fig. 2 die Darstellung nach Fig. 1 um 90° verdreht,
  • Fig. 3 eine Seitenansicht eines Gesteinsbohrers zur Erzeugung von Durchbrüchen und
  • Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht des Gesteinsbohrers gem. Fig. 3.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it
  • 1 is a side view of the invention with an elongated cutting groove.
  • 2 rotated the representation of FIG. 1 by 90 °,
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of a rock drill for generating breakthroughs and
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of the rock drill gem. Fig. 3.

Der in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Gesteinsbohrer 10 kann sowohl ein normaler Spiralbohrer als auch die Zentrierspitze bzw. der Zentrieransatz 16 eines Gesteinsbohrers gemäss der Darstellung nach Fig. 3 und 4 sein. Massgeblich ist der weitgehend spannungsfreie Sitz des Schneidkörper-Schneidelements 23 aus Hartmetall in der Schneidkörperaufnahmenut 17. Gemäss der Darstellung in den Figuren 1 und 2 ist erkennbar, dass die Tiefe t der mittels eines Scheibenfräsers einzubringenden Schneidkörper-Aufnahmenut 17 bzw. Einstichnut 17 grösser ist als die Eindringtiefe t2 des Hartmetall-Schneidkörpers 23. Der freie Raum t4 zwischen dem Schneidkörper und dem Nutboden soll wenigstens 0,5 x der Schlitzbreite bzw. Schneidkörper b betragen. Hierdurch liegt die untere Kante des Schneidkörpers 23 nicht auf dem Boden 18 der Einstichnut 17 auf. Die Breite b des Schlitzes bzw. der Nut 17 ist konstant.The rock drill 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be both a normal twist drill and the centering tip or centering shoulder 16 of a rock drill as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The largely tension-free seat of the cutting body cutting element 23 made of hard metal in the cutting body receiving groove 17 is decisive the penetration depth t 2 of the hard metal cutting body 23. The free space t 4 between the cutting body and the groove bottom should be at least 0.5 x the slot width or cutting body b. As a result, the lower edge of the cutting body 23 does not rest on the bottom 18 of the groove 17. The width b of the slot or the groove 17 is constant.

Voraussetzung für diese Anordnung ist, dass die Lötfläche in Verbindung mit der Scherfestigkeit des Lotes die Belastung auf die Schneidplatte aufnehmen kann. Bei einem Bohrer mit einem Nenndurchmesser von 25 kann folgende Rechnung aufgestellt werden: Lötfläche ca. 430 mm2 Scherfestigkeit des Lotes: ca. 150 bis 300 N/mm2. Hieraus ergibt sich folgende Belastbarkeit:

  • Minimum: 430 150 = 64 500 N (≈ 6,45 t)
  • Maximal: 430 - 300 = 129 000 N (≈ 12,9 t).
The prerequisite for this arrangement is that the soldering surface in connection with the shear strength of the solder can absorb the load on the cutting plate. The following calculation can be made for a drill with a nominal diameter of 25: Soldering area approx. 430 mm 2 Shear strength of the solder: approx. 150 to 300 N / mm 2 . This results in the following resilience:
  • Minimum: 430 150 = 64 500 N (≈ 6.45 t)
  • Maximum: 430 - 300 = 129,000 N (≈ 12.9 t).

Die in der Praxis auftretenden Belastungen liegen je nach Bohrhammer im Bereich von ca. 2 bis 4 Tonnen.Depending on the hammer drill, the loads that occur in practice are in the range of approx. 2 to 4 tons.

Hieraus ist ersichtlich, dass das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren zu einem Abbau der Spannungen bei ausreichender Belastbarkeit des Bohrkopfes führt.From this it can be seen that the method according to the invention leads to a reduction of the stresses with sufficient resilience of the drill head.

Die in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellte weitere Ausbildung bzw. konsequente Fortentwicklung des erfindungsgemässen Gedankens auf einen Bohrer zur Erzeugung von Durchbrüchen weist die gleichen Vorteile auf. Gleiche Teile sind deshalb mit gleichen Bezugszeichen angegeben.The further development shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 or consequent further development of the idea according to the invention on a drill for producing breakthroughs has the same advantages. The same parts are therefore given the same reference numerals.

Der in der Fig. 3 in Seitenansicht dargestellte Gesteinsbohrer 10' besteht aus einem Bohrkopfkörper 11 der an den zylindrischen Schaft 12 eines Durchbruchwerkzeugs angeformt ist.The rock drill 10 'shown in a side view in FIG. 3 consists of a drill head body 11 which is molded onto the cylindrical shaft 12 of a breakthrough tool.

Gemäss der Darstellung in Fig. 3 und 4 besteht der Bohrkopfkörper 11 aus zwei als Flügel 13, 14 bezeichnete radiale Abschnitte, die in an sich bekannter Weise ausgeführt sind. Bezüglich der Achsebene 15 sind die Flügel 13,14 symmetrisch ausgeführt.3 and 4, the drill head body 11 consists of two radial sections designated as vanes 13, 14, which are designed in a manner known per se. With respect to the axis plane 15, the wings 13, 14 are designed symmetrically.

In Bohrrichtung vor den Flügeln 13, 14 befindet sich ein Zentrieransatz 16 der zur Herstellung einer Zentrierbohrung dient.In the drilling direction in front of the vanes 13, 14 there is a centering projection 16 which is used to produce a centering hole.

Gemäss der Erfindung wird beispielsweise mittels eines Scheibenfräsers eine durchgehende Schneidkörperaufnahmenut 17' erzeugt, die sich fluchtend vom äussersten radialen Punkt des Flügels 13 über den Zentrieransatz 16 zum äussersten radialen Punkt des Flügels 14 erstreckt. In Fig. 3 ist die Unterkante 18' der in der Fig. 4 in Draufsicht erkennbaren Aufnahmenut 17' gestrichelt angedeutet. Die Aufnahmenut 17' schlitzt den Zentrieransatz 16 in seiner vollen Länge, so dass der Scheibenfräser zur Herstellung der Aufnahmenut 17' bis zu einer Tiefe t, in den Bohrkopfkörper 11 eindringen muss.According to the invention, for example by means of a disk milling cutter, a continuous cutting body receiving groove 17 ′ is produced, which extends in alignment from the outermost radial point of the wing 13 via the centering projection 16 to the outermost radial point of the wing 14. In FIG. 3, the lower edge 18 'of the receiving groove 17' which can be seen in plan view in FIG. 4 is indicated by dashed lines. The receiving groove 17 'slits the centering projection 16 in its full length, so that the disk milling cutter has to penetrate into the drill head body 11 to produce the receiving groove 17' to a depth t.

In diese durchgehende, mit einem Arbeitsgang herstellbare Schneidkörperaufnahmenut 17' werden dann die Schneidkörper 19, 20 im Flügel 13 bzw. 21, 22 im Flügel 14, sowie der in axialer Richtung versetzte Schneidkörper 23 des Zentrieransatzes 16 im bekannten Hartlötverfahren eingelötet. Hierbei ist es fertigungstechnisch von Bedeutung, dass die Schneidkörper 19 bis 22 seitlich gut zugänglich sind, damit die Dosierung des Lotes sowie das Lötverfahren optimal ausgestaltet werden kann. Ebenso ist der Schneidkörper 23 des Zentrieransatzes 16 durch die durchgehende Nut 17' nach unten hin erfindungsgemäss nicht begrenzt, so dass beim Löten geringere Spannungsspitzen als bei fester Einspannung auftreten.The cutting bodies 19, 20 in the wing 13 or 21, 22 in the wing 14 and the cutting body 23 of the centering projection 16, which is offset in the axial direction, are then soldered into this continuous cutting body receiving groove 17 ′, which can be produced in one operation, in the known brazing process. Here it is manufacturing technology from Meaning that the cutting bodies 19 to 22 are easily accessible from the side, so that the dosage of the solder and the soldering process can be optimally designed. Likewise, according to the invention, the cutting body 23 of the centering projection 16 is not limited at the bottom by the continuous groove 17 ', so that lower voltage peaks occur during soldering than with firm clamping.

Gemäss der Darstellung in Fig. 4 ist es besonders vorteilhaft, dass die Schneidkörper-Aufnahmenut 17' gegenüber der Symmetrieebene 24 durch die Flügel 13,14 um einen Winkel α ≈ 18° versetzt ausgeführt ist. Bei einer Drehbewegung des Werkzeugs im Uhrzeigersinn (Pfeil 25) wird hierdurch ein frühzeitiger Eingriff der Schneidkörper 19 bis 22 in das zu bohrende Gut und eine erhöhte Abstützung der Schneidkörper durch den Bohrkopfkörper 11 gewährleistet.According to the illustration in FIG. 4, it is particularly advantageous that the cutting body receiving groove 17 'is offset by an angle α ≈ 18 ° with respect to the plane of symmetry 24 by the wings 13, 14. When the tool rotates clockwise (arrow 25), this ensures early engagement of the cutting bodies 19 to 22 in the material to be drilled and increased support of the cutting bodies by the drill head body 11.

Durch diese Massnahme ist es weiterhin möglich, eine weitere Schneidkörperaufnahmenut 17" in einem Winkel versetzt in den Flügeln 13, 14 vorzusehen, um eine erhöhte Schneidleistung bei nur zwei Flügeln zu erzielen. Selbstverständlich können auch mehr als zwei Flügel, d.h. beispielsweise eine Anordnung entsprechend der eingangs erwähnten Literatur verwendet werden.This measure also makes it possible to provide a further cutting body receiving groove 17 "offset at an angle in the wings 13, 14, in order to achieve an increased cutting performance with only two wings. Of course, more than two wings, that is to say, for example, an arrangement according to FIG literature mentioned at the beginning can be used.

Der im Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellte Gesteinsbohrer hat beispielsweise einen Aussendurchmesser von D = 68 mm, einen Schaftdurchmesser von d = 19 mm. Der in Fig. 2 dargestellte Radius R beträgt ca. 32 mm. Die Nuttiefe t2 in den Flügeln 13, 14 beträgt ca. 4,5 mm, die Nutbreite b ebenfalls ca. 4,5 mm.The rock drill shown in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4 has, for example, an outside diameter of D = 68 mm and a shank diameter of d = 19 mm. The radius R shown in Fig. 2 is approximately 32 mm. The groove depth t 2 in the wings 13, 14 is approximately 4.5 mm, the groove width b is also approximately 4.5 mm.

Claims (9)

1. Rock drill having at least one radial plunge-cut groove for the reception of at least one cutter body which is to be soldered in, characterised in that the depth (t, tl) of the plunge-cut groove (17, 17', 17") for the cutter body (23) is made larger than the axial solder-in depth (tz) of the cutter body (23), while the cutter body (23) is inserted without lower support even after the soldering operation.
2. Rock drill according to Claim 1, characterised in that the difference of the slot depth (t) from the axial solder-in depth (t2) of the cutter body (23) amounts to at least 0.5 x slot width (b).
3. Rock drill according to Claim 1 or 2, this being provided, for the production of breakthroughs, with a drilling head body which comprises at least two radially protruding wings provided with cutter bodies, and a centring extension with cutter body arranged axially before the wings in the drilling direction, characterised in that the depth (t,) of the plunge-cut groove (17', 17") extends through the axial centring extension (16) into the region of the radial wings (13,14).
4. Rock drill according to Claim 3, characterised in that the cutter body seating for the cutter bodies (19 to 22) of the symmetrically arranged wings (13,14) and for the cutter body (23) of the centring extension (16) is formed by a through- extending radial plunge-cut groove (17', 17") which can be produced in one operation.
5. Rock drill according to Claim 3 or 4, characterised in that each wing (13, 14) comprises at least two cutter bodies (19, 20 and 21, 22) arranged radially side by side.
6. Rock drill according to one or more of Claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the cutter body reception groove (17') is arranged offset by an angle α ≈ 18° in relation to the central longitudinal axis (24) through the wings (13,14).
7. Rock drill according to one or more of the preceding Claims 3 to 6, characterised in that two opposite wings (13, 14) and the centring extension (16) lying therebetween comprise a plurality of continuously through-passing plunge-cut grooves (17', 17") offset by an angle β.
8. Rock drill according to one or more of the preceding Claims 3 to 7, characterised in that four symmetrically arranged wings are provided with plunge-cut grooves extending through continuously over the centring extension, for the reception of cutter bodies.
9. Rock drill according to one or more of the preceding Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the cutter body (23) of the centring extension is formed as cross core bit.
EP85107961A 1984-07-21 1985-06-27 Rock drill bit Expired EP0169402B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843426977 DE3426977A1 (en) 1984-07-21 1984-07-21 ROCK DRILL
DE3426977 1984-07-21

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EP0169402A2 EP0169402A2 (en) 1986-01-29
EP0169402A3 EP0169402A3 (en) 1986-12-10
EP0169402B1 true EP0169402B1 (en) 1989-05-03

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EP85107961A Expired EP0169402B1 (en) 1984-07-21 1985-06-27 Rock drill bit

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US (1) US4729441A (en)
EP (1) EP0169402B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3426977A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3426977A1 (en) 1986-01-30
DE3569957D1 (en) 1989-06-08
US4729441A (en) 1988-03-08
EP0169402A3 (en) 1986-12-10
EP0169402A2 (en) 1986-01-29

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