Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
  • H01H13/02—Details
  • H01H13/023—Light-emitting indicators

Definitions

• This invention relates generally to switches and pilot lights and more particularly to an illuminated push button switch which may also be configured as a pilot light.
• Push button switches are commonly found in many different types of electrical equipment for making or breaking an electrical circuit so as to control an electrical device. Often, push button switches are constructed to include a bulb which is typically illuminated to prompt the human observer to actuate the switch by tactile contact. Alternatively, the lamp of the switch may be illuminated responsive to tactile contact by tne human observer to indicate switch actuation. Such types of push button switches are commonly known as illuminated push button switches and are well known in the art.
• an improved push button switch comprised of a mounting barrel having a lamp socket partially received into the rearward end of the mounting barrel so that the bulbreceiving opening in the socket is within the mounting barrel.
• a plunger assembly having a light diffusing head and an actuating end is received in the forward end of the barrel so that the actuating end extends through the barrel to contact the actuating member of a contact block attached to the end of the lamp socket extending from the barrel.
• the plunger assembly head serves to diffuse the light radiated by the bulb held in the lamp socket as well as to transmit the force of a human operator to the actuating member of the contact block.
• the plunger assembly comprises a plunger telescoped into the mounting barrel so as to extend through the lamp socket for engaging the actuating member of the contact block. Concentric within the plunger is the bulb which is exposed through an opening in the rearward end of the plunger to engage the lamp socket.
• the plunger is advantageously provided with a pair of cammed webs which extend radially inwardly from the bore of the plunger to urge the bulb out of engagement with the socket upon forward movement of the plunger beyond its forward position of travel during switch operation.
• a light diffusing lens cap has its stem partially telescoped with the mounting barrel for releasable engagement with the plunger.
• a bezel having an opening sized to receive the head of the lens cap, is releasably secured to a lip at the forward end of the mounting barrel upon engagement of the bayonet fingers on the bezel with the bayonet locking grooves on the barrel lip.
• the releasable engagement of the lens cap with the plunger and the releasable bayonet locking engagement of the bezel with the lip on the mounting barrel allows differing size bezels and lens caps to be utilized with the modular push button switch assembly components comprised of the mounting barrel, the lamp socket and the contact block.
• a gasket is carried on the forward end of the mounting barrel adjacent to the mounting barrel lip to seal the opening between the lip and the bezel.
• the gasket may be advantageously provided with a set of projecting bosses for engaging the bezel bayonet fingers so as to impede rotation of the bezel once the bezel engages the lip of the mounting barrel. Additionally, the gasket provides a snug fit between the mounting barrel and the panel opening to allow the push button switch to be held in the mounting panel prior to threading of a fastener about the mounting barrel to secure the switch to the panel.
• the modular construction of the switch allows a pilot light and a non-illuminated push button switch to be fabricated using most of the same components.
• the deletion of the contact block and the addition of a band about the plunger to maintain the plunger in a fixed position converts the above-described switch into a pilot lamp.
• the illuminated push button switch can be converted into a non-illuminated push button switch.
• the releasable engagement of the switch bezel with the mounting barrel of the switch assembly and the releasable engagement of the lens cap with the switch plunger allows differing size bezels and lens caps to be utilized with either the switch or a pilot light.
• an improved gasket for preventing the entry of foreign materials into the opening between the mounting barrel.of the switch or pilot light and the mounting panel.
• Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the improved illuminated push button switch of the present invention
• Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the switch of Fig. 1 taken along lines 2-2 of Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the illuminated push button switch of Fig. 1 taken along lines 3-3 of Fig. 1;
• Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 4-4 of Fig. 1 illustrating the engagement of the lamp socket base fingers with the mounting barrel;
• Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the illuminated push button switch of Fig. 1 taken along lines 5-5 of Fig. 1;
• Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the push button switch assembly similar to Fig. 5 except that the mounting barrel has been rotated counterclockwise (with respectto the axis of the switch illustrated in Fig. 1);
• Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 7-7 of Fig. 6 illustrating the details of how the switch bezel engages the mounting barrel;
• Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the contact block of the improved push button switch of Fig. 1;
• Fig. 9 is a view of the contact block taken along lines 9-9 of Fig. 8;
• Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the contact block of Fig. 9 taken along lines 10-10 thereof; and Fig. 11 is a side elevational view of the ram of the plunger assembly of the push button switch of Fig. 1 rotated 90 degrees from the position of the ram illustrated in Fig. 1.
• Switch 14 is modular in construction and is comprised of a mounting assembly 16, a lamp socket 18 partially inserted in the rearward end of the mounting assembly 16, a contact block 20 attached to the end of the lamp socket 18 extending from the mounting assembly, and a plunger assembly 22 received in the forward end of the mounting assembly 16 and extending at least partially through the lamp socket 18 for actuating the contacts of the contact block 20.
• the designations forward end and rearward end designate the leftward and rightward ends of the elements as illustrated in Fig. 1.
• the mounting assembly 16 includes a mounting barrel 24 which typically takes the form of a cylindrical sleeve manufactured of zinc or the like.
• the mounting barrel 24 is provided with an annular lip 26 about the forward end of the mounting barrel 24.
• the lip 26 at the forward end of the mounting barrel 24 is provided with a plurality of "L"-shaped locking grooves 28 (only two of which are illustrated in Fig. 1) for engaging a correspondingone of the radially inwardly extending fingers 30 (Fig. 1) about the central bore 32 (Fig. 1) of the bezel 34.
• each "L"-shaped groove 28 has an axially extending portion 28a (Figs. 5 and 6), and a circumferential portion 28b (Figs. 5 and 6) .
• a gasket 36 is provided to seal the opening between the bezel 34 and the mounting barrel 24 once the bezel 34 is releasably secured to the mounting barrel lip 26.
• the gasket 36 is carried concentric about the mounting barrel 24 adjacent to the lip 26.
• the gasket 36 prevents the entry of foreign material through the opening between the mounting barrel 24 and the bezel 34 after the mounting barrel 24 is received in the panel opening.
• the gasket 36 provides not only an axial seal against the bezel 34, but also provides a radial seal against the opening in a mounting panel (described later).
• the mounting barrel 24 carries a set of threads for threadedly engaging the threads about the interior periphery of a castle nut 40. As illustrated in Figs.
• the castle nut 40 is threaded onto the mounting barrel 24 to secure the mounting barrel 24 and hence the switch 14 through the opening in a mounting panel 42.
• the castle nut 40 bears against the undersurface of the panel 42 to deform the gasket 36 axially against the top panel surface and radially against the walls of the mounting panel opening thereby assuring a good seal between the mounting panel 42 and the mounting barrel 24.
• the lamp socket 18 of the illuminated push button switch 14 includes a socket base 44 which is formed of a substantially solid nonconductive cylinder whose outer diameter is approximately equal to that of the outer diameter of the mounting barrel 24.
• the socket base 44 has two pairs of diametrically opposed, arcuate fingers 46 (only one pair shown in Fig. 1) which extend forwardly, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the socket base 44. The distance between the opposing fingers of each pair is less than the inner diameter of the bore through the mounting barrel 24. In this way, the fingers 46 can be received in the rearward end of the mounting barrel 24 to ride along the inside bore of the mounting barrel 24, when the socket base 44 is partially inserted into the rearward mounting barrel end (the rightward mounting barrel end as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3) .
• each of the fingers 46 has an outwardly projecting nub 48 which is received within an associated opening 50 in the mounting barrel 24.
• a set of ramps 52 are each provided in the bore of mounting barrel 26 rearwardly (leftwardly in Fig. 4) from a corresponding one of openings 50 to assure that the nub 48 on each finger 46 is guided along each ramp 52 into the opening 50. In this way, an "interference fit" is obtained between the socket base fingers 46 and the mounting barrel 24.
• the lamp socket base 44 has a first pair of arcuate, spaced apart, forwardly extending, opposing walls 54a and 54d (illustrated in Fig. 3) and a second pair of arcuate, spaced apart opposing walls 54b and 54c (illustrated in Figure 2) which lie within the circular area bounded by fingers 46.
• the walls 54a and 54d and 54b and 54c of each pair are spaced apart a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the base of a miniature type bulb 56.
• the bulb 56 comprises an ANSI #85 type miniature bulb as are commercially available.
• each bulb contactor such as bulb contactor 58a, is disposed between the walls of each pair of walls, such as walls 54a and 54d.
• a gripping finger 60 is shown at the forward end of each of bulb contactor 58a and 58b.
• each bulb contactor such as bulb contactor 58a, serves to engage the base of the bulb 56 to make contact with one of the conductive leads 57 on the bulb base when the bulb 56 is seated in the recess in the socket base 44 between the walls 54a-54d (only walls 54a and 54d illustrated in Fig. 3).
• each of the bulb contactors 58a and 58b extends rearwardly beyond the socket base 44 and through a corresponding one of passageways 62a and 62b (illustrated in Fig. 8 only) in the contact block 20 so as to project rearwardly therebeyond.
• the lamp contactors 58a and 58b advantageously facilitate the mounting of contact block 20 to the end of the socket base 44 extending rearwardly from the mounting barrel 24.
• Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting barrel 24 and bezel 34 taken along lines 5-5 of Fig. 1, to releasably engage the bezel 34 with the mounting barrel lip 26, the mounting barrel lip 26 (Fig.
• each of the radially inwardly extending bezel fingers 30 is aligned with the axially extending groove portion 28a (Fig. 5) of a cor responding one of the "L"-shaped locking grooves 28 (Fig. 1).
• the mounting barrel 24 is inserted into the bezel bore 32 (Fig. 1) until the mounting barrel lip 26 abuts a shelf 64 (best illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3) within the bezel bore 32.
• the mounting barrel 24 is rotated through a short arc, as indicated in Fig. 5.
• each bezel finger 30 fully seats in the circumferential groove portion 28b of a corresponding locking groove as best illustrated in Fig. 6.
• Fig. 5 As illustrated in Fig.
• the releasable engagement of the bezel 34 with the mounting barrel 24 of the switch 14 of the present invention facilitates manufacture of a switch (as well as a pilot light as described later) having differing size bezels.
• the forward face of the lip 26 is provided with grooves, having bosses therein for engaging each of an additional pair of bezel fingers (not shown) to achieve a snap or detent action once the bezel has been bayonet locked on to the mounting barrel lip 26.
• the gasket 36 is advantageously provided with forwardly extending bosses 66.
• the bosses 66 on the gasket 36 are angularly spaced about the periphery of the gasket 36 so that each boss 66 is in alignment with a corresponding axially extending groove portion 28a (Figs. 5 and 6) of a locking groove 28 (Fig. 1) in the mounting barrel lip 26.
• each boss 66 acts as a stop for the corresponding bezel finger 30 thereby impeding bezel rotation.
• FIG 8 illustrates the details of the contact block 20.
• the contact block 20 includes a pair of contact block housing halves 68a and 68b.
• the contact block housing halves 68a and 68b are each manufactured from an insulative material such as plastic, and each, housing half is complementary to the other to allow the contact block housing halves 68a and 68b to mate in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1.
• the contact block housing halves 68a and 68b are retained in mating engagement by twisting the bulb contactors 58a and 58b as illustrated in Fig. 2, once each of the bulb contactors have been inserted through each of the passageways 62a and 62b in the contact block housing halves.
• the contact block 20 embodies a double pole single throw switch and to this end, the contact block 20 of Fig. 8 includes a first pair and second pair of "L"-shaped switch contacts 70a and 70b and 72a and 72b, respectively.
• Each of the switch contacts 70a and 72a is provided with a contact pad 74 on the lower surface of the right angle flange portion of the switch contact whereas each of the switch contacts 70b and 72b is provided with a contact pad 74 on the upper surface of the right angle flange portion of the switch contact.
• the leg of each of the switch contacts such as switch contacts 70a and 72a, extends beyond the contact block 20.
• Each switch contact and bulb contactor is provided with an oval passageway 76 at its rearward end to permit a wire conductor (not shown) to be twisted or soldered thereto.
• the switch contacts 70a and 70b and 72a and 72b are each retained within the contact block housing halves so that the switch contacts of each pair, such as switch contacts 72a and 72b illustrated in Fig. 10, are held with the leg portion of the switch contact parallel with each other and the right angle flange portion of the switch contact of each pair opposing the right angle flange portion of the other switch contact.
• the contact pad 74 on the switch contact of each pair such as switch contact 72a overlies the contact pad 74 on the other switch contact of the pair such as switch contact 72b.
• the first and second switch contact pairs 70a and 70b, and 72a and 72b, respectively are spaced a short distance apart and receive a contact yoke 78 therebetween.
• the switch contact yoke 78 typically takes the form of a "Y"-shaped conductive member having pair of parallel, spaced apart legs 78a and 78b.
• Each of the conductive yoke legs 78a and 78b has an outwardly extending tab 80 for extension between the switch contacts 70a and 70b, and switch contacts 72a and 72b, of the first and second pair of switch contacts, respectively, as illustrated in Fig. 9.
• the tab 80 on one of the legs 78a and 78b of the conductive yoke 78 makes contact with the conductive pad 74 on one of the switch contacts 70a and 70b and the tab 80 on the other of the yoke legs makes contact with the conductive pad 74 on one of the switch contacts 72a and 72b, respectively, depending on whether the contact yoke has been actuated or not.
• each of the legs 78a and 78b of the conductive yoke 78 is provided with a notch 82.
• the notch 82 in each of the conductive yoke legs 78a and 78b rides in a "V"-shaped slot 84 in a separate one of the parallel, spaced apart walls 86a and 86b of a channel 88 which, as illustrated in Fig. 9, lies between the switch contact pair 70a and 70b, and 72a and 72b.
• the channel 88 is retained in the recess between the contact block housing halves 68a and 68b when the contact block housing halves are mated.
• each of the walls 86a and 86b of the channel 88 has an integral flange portion 90 for guiding the undersurface of an actuating member 92.
• the flange portion 90 of each of walls 86a and 86b is highly polished to reduce the wearing of the actuating member 92 as it moves therealong.
• the actuating member 92 has a projecting end 94 which, as illustrated in Fig. 10 projects through an opening 96 in the contact block housing half 68a.
• a spring 97 is interposed between the actuating member 92 and the contact block housing half 68b to yieldably urge the actuating member 92 against the contact block housing half 68a.
• the actuating member 92 has one end of a tension spring 98 secured thereto by way of a pin 100.
• the opposite end of the tension spring 98 engages a hook 102 on the leg 78b (Figs. 8 and 9) of the conductive yoke 78.
• the channel 88, the conductive yoke 78, the spring 98 and actuating member 92 all of these components can be assembled together in the manner previously described independently of the other contact block elements which is very desirable.
• the remaining elements within the contact block 20 can then be assembled independently of the rest of the elements comprising the switch 14.
• the pivoting of the spring 98 provides an over-center snap action, causing the contact yoke 78 to pivot away from switch contacts 70a and 72a so that the yoke legs move into electrical contact with the switch contacts 70b and 72b (only switch contact 72b is illustrated in Fig. 10).
• the spring 97 biases the actuating member 92 forwardly (leftwardly).
• the tension spring 98 causes the conductive yoke 78 to pivot, causing the yoke legs to move away from each switch contacts 70b and 72b and move back into contact with the switch contacts 70a and 72a.
• the plunger assembly 22 includes a hollow cylindrical plunger or ram 104 having an annular lip 106 at its forward end.
• the rearward end of the cylinder portion of the ram 104 is open.
• the diameter of the lip 106 at the forward end of the ram 104 is slightly smaller than the interior diameter of the bore through the mounting barrel 24, allowing the lip 106 to guide the ram 104 for reciprocal movement within the mounting barrel 24.
• a compression spring 108 is first telescoped on to the ram 104 so as to be circumjacent thereto. Thereafter the ram 104 is inserted into the forward end of the mounting barrel 24 until the spring 108 abuts a shoulder 109 (Figs. 1, 2 and 4) about the interior of the mounting barrel bore.
• Fig. 11 is a top elevational view of the ram 104
• a pair of hooks 110a and 110b extend rearwardly from the ram 104 for retaining the ram 110 within the mounting barrel 24 of Fig. 1.
• the hooks 110a and 110b bear against the shoulder 109 (Figs. 1, 2 and 4) about the bore through the mounting barrel 24.
• the hooks 110a and 110b bear against the shoulder 109 (Figs. 1, 2 and 4 about the bore through the mounting barrel 24.
• the ram 104 is provided with an integral strut 114 which extends rearwardly from the ram body.
• the strut 114 has an "I"-shaped cross section to increase the strut rigidity as well as to allow the strut 114 to fit between wall 54a and 54d (Fig. 3). and walls 54b and 54c (Fig. 2) of the socket base 44.
• the upper flange portion 114a of the strut 114 is longer, that is to say, the upper flange portion 114a extends further rearwardly than the lower flange portion 114b of the strut 114.
• the strut 114 (illustrated in Fig. 1 only) has a boss 115 on the cross member extending between the flange portions 114a and 114b of Fig. 1. As illustrated in Fig. 2, the boss 115 serves to engage an overhang 116 between walls 54b and
• the lamp socket base 44 has a passageway 116 (Fig. 1) therethrough in alignment with the projecting end 94 of the actuating member 92 of the contact.block 20 of Figs. 8-10.
• the ram 104 is inserted into the spring 108 and the spring 108 and ram 104 are telescoped into the mounting barrel 24 so that the longer flange portion 114a of the strut 114 is received in the passageway 116 of the socket base 44 in alignment with, and to bear against, the projecting end 94 of the actuating member 92 as illustrated in Fig. 3.
• the strut 114 of the ram 104 has a substantially hollow cross section.
• the hollow cross section of the strut 114 allows the base of the bulb 56 to be exposed when the bulb 56 is inserted into the forward end of the ram 104 upon assembly of the push button switch 14. With the base of the bulb 56 thus exposed, the base of the bulb 56 is brought into gripping engagement with each gripper 60 at the forward end of each of the bulb contactors 58a and 58b to make electrical contact therewith upon insertion of the ram 104 into the spring 108 and telescoping of the ram 104 and spring 108 into the forward end of the mounting barrel 24 as illustrated in Fig. 3.
• the ram 104 has a pair of cammed webs 118a and 118b extending radially inwardly from the interior wall of the bore through ram 104.
• the webs 118a and 118b are positioned so that when the ram 104 at the forward-most point of its normal travel (that is when boss 115 of Fig. 2 contacts the overhang 116 of Fig. 2), the cammed webs 118a and 118b lie substantially below the envelope of bulb 56.
• the cammed webs 118a and 118b of the ram 104 do not interfere with the engagement of the base of the bulb 56 with each gripper 60 of each of the bulb contactors such as bulb contactor 58a during the normal travel of the ram 104.
• the cammed webs 118a and 118b of Fig. 3 urge the bulb 56 out of engagement with the gripper 60 of each of the bulb contactors.
• the ram 104 is prevented from being fully withdrawn from the mounting barrel by engagement of the hooks 110a and 110b of Fig. 11, with the shoulder 109 of Figs. 1 and 4.
• the cammed webs 118a and 118b of the ram 104 serve to extract the bulb 56 from the lamp socket 46, obviating the need for a separate bulb extractor. This facilitates replacement of the bulb 56 after the bulb has burned out.
• the switch 14 may be advantageously provided with a locking mechanism which takes the form of a detent wire 120.
• the detent wire 120 has a hooked end 120a which rides in a groove 122 (Fig. 11) inscribed in the flange portion 114b of the strut 114 of the ram 104 when the detent wire 120 is mounted within the mounting barrel 24 as illustrated in Fig. 3 so that the right angle end 120b of the detent wire 120 is flat against the bottom wall of the socket base 44 and the top wall of contact block 20.
• the groove 122 in the flange 114b of strut 114 is typically hour-glass in shape with the forward groove end (the leftward groove end as illustrated in Fig. 11) having a "V"-shaped cross path 124, causing the forward portion of the groove 122 to appear “heart-shaped”.
• the hooked end 120a of the detent wire 120 (Fig. 1) rides along the walls of the groove 122 (Fig. 11) and ultimately engages the apex of the "V"-shaped cross path 124 (Fig. 11) to lock the ram 104 within the mounting barrel 24.
• Fig. 1 urges the ram 104 forwardly. The forward movement of the ram 104 continues until the boss 115 of Fig. 2 bears against the overhang 116 of Fig. 2.
• the plunger assembly 22 includes a lens cap 126.
• the lens cap 126 not only serves to diffuse the light radiated by bulb 56 but also provides a mechanism whereby the tactile pressure of a human member may be transmitted ⁇ to the ram 104 to actuate the actuating member 92 of Fig. 8.
• the lens cap 126 has a head 126a dimensioned to be received within the bezel 34 as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, and a rearwardly extending shaft portion 126b (Fig. 1).
• the diameter of the shaft portion 126b is approximately equal to the diameter of the lip 106 on the ram.104 so that the shaft portion 126b of the lens cap 126 can be received within the bore of the mounting barrel 24 upon switch assembly.
• a pair of diametrically opposed arcuate hooks 128a and 128b extend rearwardly from the shaft portion 126b of the lens cap 126. The distance between the hooks 128a and 128b is less than the inner diameter of the bore through the ram 104 to enable the hooks 128a and 128b to be inserted into, and received within the forward end of the ram 104.
• the interior bore of ram 104 is provided with a pair of diametrically opposed pockets 130 (only one pocket 130 illustrated in phantom in Fig. 11) for receiving a corresponding one of hooks 128a and 128b of the lens cap 126 of Fig. 1.
• Each of the hooks 128a and 128b has a radially outwardly projecting nub 132 which is received through a corresponding one of the openings 134 disposed through the ram 104 within the area bounded by each of the pockets 130. In this way, an "interference-fit" is obtained between the hooks 128a and 128b of the lens cap 126 and the ram 104.
• the lens cap head 126a of the lens cap 126 is illustrated in Fig. 1 as being rectangular to fit within the rectangular opening in the bezel 34, the lens cap head 126a could be made round, square or any other shape. Accordingly, the shape of the lens cap receiving pocket defined by the bezel walls would be selected complementary to the lens cap.
• the lens cap shaft 126b has a recess therein for receiving a rubber seal 135 (Figs. 2 and 3) .
• the lens cap 126 is typically manufactured from a transparent, colorless plastic.
• the lens cap 126 could be manufactured from a colored plastic to impart a particular hue to the light passing therethrough from bulb 56, it is generally more desirable to change the hue of the light passing through the lens cap 126 by way of a lens cap cover 136.
• the lens cap cover 136 is dimensioned to snap over the head 126a of the lens cap 126 and is manufactured of transparent plastic colored to impart the desired hue to the light, diffused through the lens cap head 126a.
• the lens cap cover 136 could be made opaque in the event that the switch 10 is made non-illuminating by deleting bulb 56.
• Figs. 2 and 3 it may also be desirable to interpose an indicia-bearing transparent strip 138 between the head 126a of the lens cap 126 and the lens cap cover 136.
• the indicia on the transparent strip 138 interposed between the lens cap 126 and the lens cap cover 136 identifies the component or system which is controlled either in whole or in part by the switch 14.
• the present invention is primarily directed to a push button switch, and particularly to an illuminated push button switch (although a non-illuminated push button switch can be had by deleting the bulb 56).
• the same modular assembly of components which are utilized to construct the push button switch 14 of Fig. 1 can also be utilized to contruct a pilot lamp, thus effecting a manufacturing savings.
• the push button switch 14 becomes a pilot light.
• the spring 108 would also be deleted, and a band 140 (shown in phantom) would be telescoped onto the ram 104 in place of the spring so as to keep the ram 104 stationary within the bore of the mounting barrel 24.
• the pilot light thus obtained would enjoy the same advantages of the previously described push button switch, including the good seal obtained by gasket 36 and the self-ejecting bulb action obtained from cammed webs 118a and 118b on the bore of the ram 104.

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• Push-Button Switches (AREA)

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• 1983
  • 1983-12-21 JP JP50070684A patent/JPS61500993A/ja active Pending
  • 1983-12-21 EP EP19840900573 patent/EP0168386A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1983-12-21 WO PCT/US1983/002029 patent/WO1985002938A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1983-12-21 BR BR8307764A patent/BR8307764A/pt unknown

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