EP0167510B1 - Ignition apparatus comprising an oscillator circuit - Google Patents
Ignition apparatus comprising an oscillator circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0167510B1 EP0167510B1 EP85850225A EP85850225A EP0167510B1 EP 0167510 B1 EP0167510 B1 EP 0167510B1 EP 85850225 A EP85850225 A EP 85850225A EP 85850225 A EP85850225 A EP 85850225A EP 0167510 B1 EP0167510 B1 EP 0167510B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- winding
- primary
- circuit
- ignition apparatus
- feed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q3/00—Igniters using electrically-produced sparks
Definitions
- a sparking unit with sparking electrodes located in the flame section of the burner.
- Such ignition electrodes were earlier connected to a transformer coupled to mains voltage, i.e. ignition sparks were obtained with a frequency synchronous with the mains frequency. It was necessary to dimension such ignition transformers so that they could withstand an open spark circuit as well as one that is shortcircuited, and in practice this resulted in large heavy core dimensions.
- the function of such apparatus is such that by rectifying, for example, half periods of an alternating current (A.C.) mains these are allowed to control the spark interval, during each spark interval, the sparks obtaining a frequency equal to the oscillation frequency of an oscillator included in the circuit.
- A.C. alternating current
- Other systems with transistor-controlled oscillation circuits in ignition apparatuses are known from DE-A-2 659 761, US-A-4 358 813 and FR-A-1 392 983 containing a control winding on the primary side of the transformer.
- the present invention relates to an improvement of the types of apparatus mentioned above, and as will be understood, voltages for the open, i.e. broken, circuit can be kept within values, i.e. substantially constant, which allow considerably simpler insulation of the high-tension section than previously, due to a special implementation of the transformer section itself. Furthermore, the circuit is such that short-circuiting of the sparking side does not result in injurious action on the participating circuit components. There is furthermore achieved that the feed-back winding will be independent of load to a substantial extent.
- DE-A-2659 761 describes an ignition apparatus comprising an oscillator circuit including a transformer with a primary and a secondary winding, the latter being in communication with electrodes forming a spark gap and comprising an energy generating circuit.
- US-A-4358 813 refers to a similar ignition apparatus and shows that a feed-back coil for controlling the energy generating circuit is known per se.
- the ignition apparatus known by US-A-4358 813 is characterized in that the energy generating circuit is connected with a feed-back winding and the primary winding is divided into two part windings coupled in series, the first part winding being inductively coupled with the secondary winding and the second part winding being inductively coupled with the feed-back winding.
- Two interference-suppressing choke coils or chokes 3,4 are connected to the terminals 1, in an A.C. mains.
- a rectifier 5 in communication with an interference-suppressing capacitor 6, the other end of which is connected to the free end of the choke 4.
- the rectifier 5 is in series with a primary winding comprising two parts 7, 8 of an ignition transformer 9, an oscillating circuit capacitor 10 being connected right across both primary windings, the free end of the winding part 8 also being connected to an oscillation energy generating circuit 11 forming part of an oscillator, as will be made clear later.
- the circuit 11 is in communication with the choke 4 and the capacitor 6, thus forming one path in the circuit of the apparatus.
- the ignition transformer 9 is provided with a secondary winding 12 which is in communication with electrodes 13, 14 forming a spark gap 15.
- a feed-back coil 16 for controlling the circuit 11 is also associated with the ignition transformer core, the coil 16 being in current supplying connection with the rectifier 5 via a resistor 17 and a further resistor 18, at the connection point between the resistors 17 and 18 there being connected a capacitor 19 which is in communication with the choke 4.
- the elements 19 -16 within the dashed line 20 form the oscillator of the circuit.
- the device operates in the following way.
- the primary winding is divided into two part windings 7, 8 which are geometrically separated and coupled in series.
- the primary winding part 7 is magnetically coupled to the secondary winding 12 while the primary winding part 8 is strongly magnetically coupled to the feed-back winding 16.
- a less strong coupling consequently exists between the winding part 8 and the primary winding 12.
- the coupling condition described constitutes an oscillation circuit including the primary winding parts 7, 8 together with the load on the secondary winding 12 and the capacitor 10. This oscillation circuit, by geometrical conditions, is such that the reverse voltage towards e.g.
- transistors in the circuit 11 is kept at a suitable level for all loadings in question, i.e. substantially constant, and there is further achieved that the output voltage is given a suitable load dependence, i.e. it can be kept under control for an open circuit. There is furthermore achieved that the feed-back winding will be independent of load to a substantial extent.
- the divided primary winding also results in that the output voltage from the secondary side is kept at a uniform level during the half period of the mains frequency, which means that maximum secondary voltage is already obtained at a very early stage of the voltage half period and is thereafter kept at a substantially constant level.
- a series of spark voltages occur which are so close to each other in time that spark gap ionisation does not normally have time to cease, resulting in the occurrence of an essentially homogenous discharge for each half period the oscillator is in operation.
- the ignition transformer in one embodiment is built as is apparent from Figure 2.
- a core 9 of a magnetically conductive material e.g. ferrite or the like
- a long winding closely coupled to the core and extending substantially along the entire length of the core, this winding being the winding 7 in the diagram according to Figure 1.
- a winding bobbin carrying the secondary winding 12, which lengthwise in relation to the core only takes up about two-thirds of the core length.
- the part winding 8 On the remaining third and laterally in relation to the secondary winding 12 there is arranged the part winding 8, which is thus situated outside the winding 7.
- the feed-back winding 16 is arranged to one side of the part winding 8.
- the relationship between the windings 7 and 8 is such that the windings 8 has about half the turns of the winding 7.
- the windings 8 and 16 are to be closely intimate with each other while the winding 8 is less closely intimate with the secondary winding 12.
Abstract
Description
- In connection with e.g. oil burners it is usual for igniting the burnerflameto arrange a sparking unit with sparking electrodes located in the flame section of the burner. Such ignition electrodes were earlier connected to a transformer coupled to mains voltage, i.e. ignition sparks were obtained with a frequency synchronous with the mains frequency. It was necessary to dimension such ignition transformers so that they could withstand an open spark circuit as well as one that is shortcircuited, and in practice this resulted in large heavy core dimensions.
- It is a general desire to control the ignition sequence so that, inter alia, the ignition voltage and thus the necessary insulation on the secondary side may be kept within reasonable limits, also during varying spark gap conditions from open circuit to short-circuiting. A number of solutions have been proposed, which include the arrangement of transistor-controlled oscillation circuits. The disadvantage with such known arrangements is in general that they are too complex in their implementation, and furthermore they still need the transformer part itself to be dimensioned to withstand considerably higher voltages than those which are required for initiating the sparking sequence itself. In practice there are a number of insulation problems in conjunction with such transformers or the alternative of having an input voltage stabilizer, and it is naturally desirableto dispense with such solutions which means increased product costs. The function of such apparatus is such that by rectifying, for example, half periods of an alternating current (A.C.) mains these are allowed to control the spark interval, during each spark interval, the sparks obtaining a frequency equal to the oscillation frequency of an oscillator included in the circuit. This means that the relatively high frequency oscillation of the oscillator is started as soon as a half period has risen to a given level, whereby sparks are formed from the secondary side of a transformer as long as the conditions created by the half periods are present. It is naturally possible to feed such an arrangement with pure direct current (D.C.). Other systems with transistor-controlled oscillation circuits in ignition apparatuses are known from DE-A-2 659 761, US-A-4 358 813 and FR-A-1 392 983 containing a control winding on the primary side of the transformer.
- The present invention relates to an improvement of the types of apparatus mentioned above, and as will be understood, voltages for the open, i.e. broken, circuit can be kept within values, i.e. substantially constant, which allow considerably simpler insulation of the high-tension section than previously, due to a special implementation of the transformer section itself. Furthermore, the circuit is such that short-circuiting of the sparking side does not result in injurious action on the participating circuit components. There is furthermore achieved that the feed-back winding will be independent of load to a substantial extent.
- DE-A-2659 761 describes an ignition apparatus comprising an oscillator circuit including a transformer with a primary and a secondary winding, the latter being in communication with electrodes forming a spark gap and comprising an energy generating circuit.
- US-A-4358 813 refers to a similar ignition apparatus and shows that a feed-back coil for controlling the energy generating circuit is known per se.
- So that operational voltages in the apparatus may be kept independent of loading conditions which vary to a substantial extent, the ignition apparatus known by US-A-4358 813 is characterized in that the energy generating circuit is connected with a feed-back winding and the primary winding is divided into two part windings coupled in series, the first part winding being inductively coupled with the secondary winding and the second part winding being inductively coupled with the feed-back winding.
- An embodiment of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus in accordance with the invention.
- Figure 2 illustrates a practical structure of the transformer included in the circuit.
- Two interference-suppressing choke coils or chokes 3,4 are connected to the terminals 1, in an A.C. mains. In series with the choke 3 there is connected a rectifier 5 in communication with an interference-suppressing capacitor 6, the other end of which is connected to the free end of the choke 4. The rectifier 5 is in series with a primary winding comprising two
parts 7, 8 of an ignition transformer 9, an oscillating circuit capacitor 10 being connected right across both primary windings, the free end of the winding part 8 also being connected to an oscillation energy generatingcircuit 11 forming part of an oscillator, as will be made clear later. - The
circuit 11 is in communication with the choke 4 and the capacitor 6, thus forming one path in the circuit of the apparatus. The ignition transformer 9 is provided with asecondary winding 12 which is in communication withelectrodes 13, 14 forming aspark gap 15. A feed-back coil 16 for controlling thecircuit 11 is also associated with the ignition transformer core, thecoil 16 being in current supplying connection with the rectifier 5 via aresistor 17 and afurther resistor 18, at the connection point between theresistors capacitor 19 which is in communication with the choke 4. The elements 19 -16 within thedashed line 20 form the oscillator of the circuit. - The device operates in the following way.
- It is assumed that a positive AC half-wave occurs at the terminal 1, resulting in that current begins to flow through the rectifier 5, thus allowing the
oscillator circuit 20 to be fed with current. When the voltage has reached a given value, partly determined by the rising voltage to thecircuit 11, the oscillation sequence is started, i.e. the oscillator begins to operate, which means that current pulses are formed thorugh theprimary windings 7 and 8, in turn resulting in spark jumping between theelectrodes 13, 14 in thespark gap 15. During normal conditions the oscillator continues to operate as long as the rectified AC half period has a sufficient voltage value. The spark sequences which consequently occur at thespark gap 15 comprises spark showers taking place at intervals. - As will be clearly seen, the primary winding is divided into two
part windings 7, 8 which are geometrically separated and coupled in series. It should be noted here that the primary windingpart 7 is magnetically coupled to thesecondary winding 12 while the primary winding part 8 is strongly magnetically coupled to the feed-back winding 16. A less strong coupling consequently exists between the winding part 8 and theprimary winding 12. Such a state of coupling relationship may be achieved by an arrangement apparent from Figure 2, but this will be explained in detail later. The coupling condition described, inter alia, constitutes an oscillation circuit including theprimary winding parts 7, 8 together with the load on thesecondary winding 12 and the capacitor 10. This oscillation circuit, by geometrical conditions, is such that the reverse voltage towards e.g. transistors in thecircuit 11 is kept at a suitable level for all loadings in question, i.e. substantially constant, and there is further achieved that the output voltage is given a suitable load dependence, i.e. it can be kept under control for an open circuit. There is furthermore achieved that the feed-back winding will be independent of load to a substantial extent. - The divided primary winding also results in that the output voltage from the secondary side is kept at a uniform level during the half period of the mains frequency, which means that maximum secondary voltage is already obtained at a very early stage of the voltage half period and is thereafter kept at a substantially constant level. For the duration of the sparking sequence a series of spark voltages occur which are so close to each other in time that spark gap ionisation does not normally have time to cease, resulting in the occurrence of an essentially homogenous discharge for each half period the oscillator is in operation.
- For an open circuit nothing much further than a normal voltage crest is consequently obtained for spark initiation, and this is something signifying a large advantage in relation to previous circuits of this type, in which the spark voltage rose in time with the growth of the mains voltage. This resulted in that very high voltage sequences were generated for an open circuit, which in turn affected the insulation conditions for the secondary circuit unfavourably. Furthermore, the reverse voltages in the
circuit 11 were up to three times as great as the voltage conditions during operation, which of course meant durability problems for the components in previous structures. - It has been found during measurements on the partial primary winding 8 that for a normally progressing sparking sequence both the
windings 7 and 8 are in phase. For an open circuit, i.e. a large distance between theelectrodes 13 and 14 so that no spark can occur, the phase relationship is altered, the inner primary together with built-in capacitances in the coil forming an oscillation circuit with the secondary side which, due to the geometrical implementation, in turn limits the total output voltage and the reverse voltage to thecircuit 11. - In practice to obtain the desired result the ignition transformer in one embodiment is built as is apparent from Figure 2. On a core 9 of a magnetically conductive material, e.g. ferrite or the like, there is arranged a long winding closely coupled to the core and extending substantially along the entire length of the core, this winding being the winding 7 in the diagram according to Figure 1. Onto the winding 7 there is arranged a winding bobbin carrying the
secondary winding 12, which lengthwise in relation to the core only takes up about two-thirds of the core length. On the remaining third and laterally in relation to thesecondary winding 12 there is arranged the part winding 8, which is thus situated outside the winding 7. The feed-back winding 16 is arranged to one side of the part winding 8. In the practical embodiment the relationship between thewindings 7 and 8 is such that the windings 8 has about half the turns of the winding 7. By the special geometrical arrangement shown here there are obtained the coupling conditions of intimacy between the different windings which are necessary for achieving the function described above. It was stated in the introduction that the primary windingpart 7 was to be in close magnetic intimacy coupled with thesecondary winding 12 and this is clearly apparent from Figure 2. Furthermore, thewindings 8 and 16 are to be closely intimate with each other while the winding 8 is less closely intimate with thesecondary winding 12. With the implementation now described, the flow paths in the transformer arrangement will change in response to the load present at the spark gap, i.e. in response to the current conditions in thesecondary winding 12. - The invention can of course be implemented in many ways, but what is essential is that the previously mentioned degrees of intimacy i.e. coupling between the different windings is maintained and the implementation in Figure 2 is only to be regarded as an example.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT85850225T ATE43433T1 (en) | 1984-07-05 | 1985-07-01 | IGNITION DEVICE WITH OSCILLATOR CIRCUIT. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8403584A SE443220B (en) | 1984-07-05 | 1984-07-05 | DEVICE FOR SPARK GENERATORS |
SE8403584 | 1984-07-05 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0167510A2 EP0167510A2 (en) | 1986-01-08 |
EP0167510A3 EP0167510A3 (en) | 1987-05-27 |
EP0167510B1 true EP0167510B1 (en) | 1989-05-24 |
Family
ID=20356460
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85850225A Expired EP0167510B1 (en) | 1984-07-05 | 1985-07-01 | Ignition apparatus comprising an oscillator circuit |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0167510B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE43433T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE167510T1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE443220B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1289096B1 (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 1998-09-25 | Brahma S P A | DEVICE FOR IGNITION OF FLAME BURNERS OR SIMILAR TO ALLOW THE LIMITATION OF RADIO DISTURBANCE. |
ITTO980397A1 (en) | 1998-05-12 | 1999-11-12 | Miller Europe Spa | ELECTRIC GAS LIGHTER. |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1392983A (en) * | 1964-04-29 | 1965-03-19 | Rowenta Metallwarenfab Gmbh | Spark ignition gas lighter |
IT1060399B (en) * | 1975-12-31 | 1982-07-10 | O F R Officine Fratelli Riello | CONTROL EQUIPMENT FOR LIQUID FUEL BURNER |
US4358813A (en) * | 1980-11-20 | 1982-11-09 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Ignition apparatus for a burner |
-
1984
- 1984-07-05 SE SE8403584A patent/SE443220B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1985
- 1985-07-01 EP EP85850225A patent/EP0167510B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-07-01 DE DE198585850225T patent/DE167510T1/en active Pending
- 1985-07-01 AT AT85850225T patent/ATE43433T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-07-01 DE DE8585850225T patent/DE3570512D1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE43433T1 (en) | 1989-06-15 |
EP0167510A3 (en) | 1987-05-27 |
SE8403584D0 (en) | 1984-07-05 |
SE8403584L (en) | 1986-01-06 |
DE3570512D1 (en) | 1989-06-29 |
SE443220B (en) | 1986-02-17 |
EP0167510A2 (en) | 1986-01-08 |
DE167510T1 (en) | 1986-04-10 |
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