EP0164276B1 - Electrical commutation appliance comprising a gas-proof contact protecting cover - Google Patents

Electrical commutation appliance comprising a gas-proof contact protecting cover Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0164276B1
EP0164276B1 EP85400449A EP85400449A EP0164276B1 EP 0164276 B1 EP0164276 B1 EP 0164276B1 EP 85400449 A EP85400449 A EP 85400449A EP 85400449 A EP85400449 A EP 85400449A EP 0164276 B1 EP0164276 B1 EP 0164276B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
accordance
switching apparatus
contact
face
protective casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85400449A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0164276A1 (en
Inventor
Elie Belbel
Robert Caudron
Louis Fechant
André Haury
Michel Lauraire
Jacques Muniesa
Lucien Siffroi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telemecanique SA
Original Assignee
La Telemecanique Electrique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by La Telemecanique Electrique SA filed Critical La Telemecanique Electrique SA
Publication of EP0164276A1 publication Critical patent/EP0164276A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0164276B1 publication Critical patent/EP0164276B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/04—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/64—Protective enclosures, baffle plates, or screens for contacts
    • H01H1/66—Contacts sealed in an evacuated or gas-filled envelope, e.g. magnetic dry-reed contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/20—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil
    • H01H50/22—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil wherein the magnetic circuit is substantially closed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/023—Details concerning sealing, e.g. sealing casing with resin
    • H01H2050/025—Details concerning sealing, e.g. sealing casing with resin containing inert or dielectric gasses, e.g. SF6, for arc prevention or arc extinction

Definitions

  • Such devices can be used, either when the environment in which they are found has any aggressive character (acidity, humidity, dust), or even when one wishes to reduce the harmful and inevitable influence of oxygen on the contacts, even when the surrounding atmosphere is normal.
  • the invention proposes to provide an electrical switching device of the aforementioned type in which money is not used for the materials of the contact pads of the switches and to provide inexpensive means for keeping in the atmosphere which surrounds them with non-aggressive properties for the chosen materials.
  • this device is characterized in that the contact pads of the switches are essentially based on copper materials, while the atmosphere confined under the protective cover has and retains a non-oxidizing character, thanks to means of 'sealing of particular shape, which are placed between, on the one hand, the frame and a first face of the body, on the other hand between the cover and a second face of the body opposite to the first.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a body 2 of electrically insulating material of generally parallelepiped shape having a lower face 21 under which there is an electromagnet 11 constituted by a fixed magnetizable yoke 7 formed by the association magnetizable parts 3, 4, 5, 6, an excitation coil 10 comprising a carcass B having a bore 13 and a winding 9, and a movable magnetizable armature or core 15 preferably of cylindrical shape which is subjected to the action a return spring 14 giving it a visible rest position in Figure 1.
  • a support is fixed to the magnetizable part 4 to fix the device to a frame.
  • the magnetizable part 3 fixed under the body 2 has an opening 16 through which passes the cylindrical part 17 of a bowl 55 which is magnetic and made for example of brass and which serves as a housing for the core 15 and the spring 14.
  • the bottom 18 of this bowl is placed in the immediate vicinity and preferably against the upper surface 19 of the magnetizable part 5. This bottom serves at the same time as an anti-air gap remanence of the electromagnet.
  • the upper edge of this bowl 55 is extended outwards by a flat collar 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 3) which rests on the upper surface 12 of the part 3 and which is applied by the latter against the lower surface 21 of the body 2.
  • a groove 22 receiving an elastic seal 23, for example an O-ring, which is compressed by the flange 20 when the part 3 is fixed against the surface 21 of the body 2 by means, not shown, such as screw, so that a tight connection is made between the body 2 and the interior volume of the bowl 55.
  • an elastic seal 23 for example an O-ring
  • a housing 24 which serves as a stop for the core 15 and which opens into an axial clearance 25 which passes through the body 2, in which is mounted an insulating contact carrier 26 which extends above the body 2 by several parallel branches, the number of which corresponds to the number of switches arranged above the body 2.
  • Each of these branches such as the branch 27 has (see FIG. 2) a window 60 in which is placed a contact bridge 28 and a contact pressure spring 29 (see FIG. 1) which applies it towards the core 15 against the bottom of this window 60.
  • each fixed contact piece 34 or 35 has a cylindrical intermediate portion such as 39 which is placed in a cylindrical cavity or half-housing such as 40 provided in the upper surface 41 of body 2. (See Figure 6).
  • This edge of this cover 42 adjacent to the surface 41 of the body has a plane peripheral rim 43 perpendicular to the side walls of the cover.
  • This peripheral rim 43 comprises several cavities or cylindrical half-housings such as 44 (see FIG. 5) which are arranged opposite the cylindrical half-housings 40 to form, when the cover 42 is mounted on the body 2, a complete housing receiving the cylindrical intermediate portions 39 of the contact parts 34, 35 (see FIG. 6).
  • This seal 47 is molded in one piece from an elastomeric material and has as many O-shaped parts such as 48 perpendicular to the rectangular loop of the seal, as the device has fixed contact parts 34. 35, the intermediate portions 39 of these being inserted into said toric parts 48.
  • This seal 47 advantageously finds its place in grooves such as 51, 52 (see FIG. 6) formed both on the portions of flat surfaces 45 of the rim 43 of the cover 42 and on the cavities 40 of the upper surface 41 of the body 2 so to undergo a measured compression when the cover 42 is mounted on the body 2.
  • Special O-rings such as 49 can also be placed in the half-housings 40, 44 around the intermediate cylindrical portions 39 of the fixed contact parts so that they can be compressed during assembly, like the seal 47 in order to perfect sealing.
  • the cover 42 which advantageously has internal isolation partitions such as 50 (see FIG. 2) for separating two neighboring switches 54, 53 can be filled with a particular atmosphere thanks to one or more orifices capable of being closed, but not represented.
  • Such an atmosphere can be either vacuum, or a mixture in any proportion of non-oxidizing gases such as N 2 , H 2 , Ar, He, or even an atmosphere containing electronegative and dielectric gases such as SF 6 . CF 4 , CC1 4 or a mixture of these with non-oxidizing gases.
  • the body 2 can be made either of a plastic material, or of a ceramic material, the surfaces of which having to cooperate with the seals 47, 49 will advantageously be machined, in particular rectified after molding.
  • the device 1 A comprises a protective cover 42, switches, and an upper surface of the body identical to those of the device according to FIGS. 1 to 6. These parts are therefore designated by the same references.
  • the electromagnet and the contact holder of the device 1A are different.
  • the contact holder 82 visible in FIG. 7 has, like that of the apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, parallel branches 62 carrying each a contact bridge 28. These branches which pass through openings such as 64 are connected by a crosspiece 66 which is placed in a housing 81 where the openings open, and which has an extension 63 extending beyond this housing.
  • An intermediate region 83 of this extension has on its outer surface a groove 67 advantageously annular which receives one of the ends 68 of a deformable cuff 69 made of elastomeric material, this end preferably being held in this groove 67 by a collar of tightening 74; the other end 70 of this cuff 69 has a bead 71 which is pinched between a lower surface 72 of the body 65 and a flange 73 which surrounds this cuff. This flange 73 is for example fixed on the lower face 72 of the body 65.
  • the deformable cuff 69 consequently provides the seal between the body 65 and the contact carrier, so that the switches such as 36 are placed in a closed volume completely sealed from the outside and in which a non-oxidizing atmosphere is permanently maintained.
  • the contact pads 30, 31, 32, 33 copper-based materials, much less expensive than silver.
  • the electromagnet 80 used in this device comprises a movable armature 75 which is made integral with the extension 63 and which cooperates with an E-shaped cylinder head 76 whose central branch 77 is surrounded by an excitation coil 78.
  • a spring return 79 gives the frame 75 and therefore the contact carrier 62 its rest position, the cylinder head 76 being made directly or indirectly integral with the body 65.
  • the electromagnet 80 is therefore in this second embodiment completely external to the volume contained between the protective cover 42 and the sleeve 69, and can be supplied directly from an alternating current source, the presence of rings of phase shift requiring zero air gaps at their level between the plane rectified parts of the movable armature 75 and of the cylinder head 76.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un appareil électrique de commutation du genre comprenant les composants suivants :

  • un corps,
  • un électro-aimant ayant une culasse fixe, une armature mobile et une bobine d'excitation fixe, cet électro-aimant étant associé à ce corps par l'un de ses éléments fixes,
  • plusieurs interrupteurs, comprenant chacun une pièce de contact fixe, et un contact mobile, munis de pastilles de contact, les contacts mobiles étant disposés avec leurs ressorts de pression sur un porte-contact isolant qui est apte à coulisser dans ce corps pour effectuer l'ouverture et la fermeture des interrupteurs, et qui est mécaniquement associé à ladite armature, tandis que les contacts fixes sont rendus solidaires du corps,
  • un capot de protection étanche aux gaz qui est fixé sur le corps de façon à contenir les interrupteurs, et qui présente un isolement par rapport à ceux-ci,
  • des moyens élastiques aptes à donner à l'armature une position de repos où elle est éloignée de la culasse.
The present invention relates to an electrical switching device of the kind comprising the following components:
  • a body,
  • an electromagnet having a fixed yoke, a movable armature and a fixed excitation coil, this electromagnet being associated with this body by one of its fixed elements,
  • several switches, each comprising a fixed contact piece, and a movable contact, provided with contact pads, the movable contacts being arranged with their pressure springs on an insulating contact carrier which is capable of sliding in this body to perform the opening and closing of the switches, and which is mechanically associated with said armature, while the fixed contacts are made integral with the body,
  • a gas-tight protective cover which is fixed to the body so as to contain the switches, and which has isolation from them,
  • elastic means capable of giving the frame a rest position where it is distant from the cylinder head.

Le document US-A-2 886 669 décrit un dispositif du genre mentionné ci-dessus.Document US-A-2 886 669 describes a device of the kind mentioned above.

De tels appareils peuvent être utilisés, soit lorsque l'environnement dans lequel ils se trouvent présente un quelconque caractère agressif (acidité, humidité, poussières), soit encore lorsque l'on souhaite réduire l'influence néfaste et inévitable de l'oxygène sur les contacts, même lorsque l'atmosphère environnante est normale.Such devices can be used, either when the environment in which they are found has any aggressive character (acidity, humidity, dust), or even when one wishes to reduce the harmful and inevitable influence of oxygen on the contacts, even when the surrounding atmosphere is normal.

D'autres préoccupations peuvent également conduire à confiner les interrupteurs dans des atmosphères particulières, et notamment celles qui se proposent de réduire le coût des appareils en se dispensant d'utiliser de l'argent dans les pastilles de contact de ces interrupteurs.Other concerns can also lead to confining the switches in particular atmospheres, and in particular those which propose to reduce the cost of the apparatuses by dispensing from using money in the contact pads of these switches.

On sait en effet que la présence, actuellement généralisée, d'argent ou de ses alliages dans les pastilles de contact tient notamment au fait que les oxydes de ce métal ne sont pas stables et que ceux-ci, se décomposant au voisinage de 200 °C, on retrouve régulièrement de l'argent pur dans la zone de contact des pastilles qui l'utilisent, de sorte que leur mise en couvre dans une atmosphère oxydante se trouve justifiée.It is indeed known that the presence, currently widespread, of silver or its alloys in the contact pads is due in particular to the fact that the oxides of this metal are not stable and that these, decomposing in the vicinity of 200 ° C, pure silver is regularly found in the contact area of the pellets which use it, so that their setting in an oxidizing atmosphere is justified.

L'invention se propose de fournir un appareil électrique de commutation du type précité dans lequel il ne soit pas fait appel à l'argent pour les matériaux des pastilles de contact des interrupteurs et de fournir des moyens peu coûteux pour conserver à l'atmosphère qui les entoure des propriétés non agressives pour les matériaux choisis.The invention proposes to provide an electrical switching device of the aforementioned type in which money is not used for the materials of the contact pads of the switches and to provide inexpensive means for keeping in the atmosphere which surrounds them with non-aggressive properties for the chosen materials.

Suivant l'invention, cet appareil est caractérisé en ce que les pastilles de contact des interrupteurs sont essentiellement à base de matériaux cuivreux, tandis que l'atmosphère confinée sous le capot de protection présente et conserve un caractère non oxydant, grâce à des moyens d'étanchéité de forme particulière, qui sont placés entre, d'une part, l'armature et une première face du corps, d'autre part entre le capot et une seconde face du corps opposée à la première.According to the invention, this device is characterized in that the contact pads of the switches are essentially based on copper materials, while the atmosphere confined under the protective cover has and retains a non-oxidizing character, thanks to means of 'sealing of particular shape, which are placed between, on the one hand, the frame and a first face of the body, on the other hand between the cover and a second face of the body opposite to the first.

Ces moyens d'étanchéité rendent ainsi possible l'utilisation pour les pastilles de contact de matériaux cuivreux nettement moins coûteux que l'argent et ses alliages.These sealing means thus make it possible to use copper pads for contact pads which are clearly less expensive than silver and its alloys.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore dans la description ci-après.Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the description below.

Aux dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'un premier appareil électrique de commutation conforme à l'invention, en coupe suivant un plan de symétrie passant par l'axe de la bobine de son électro-aimant,
  • la figure 2 représente dans la demi-vue de gauche le dessus de l'appareil après enlèvement du capot de protection, dans la demi-vue de droite, partie A, une coupe suivant le plan IIA-IIA de la figure 1 et dans la partie B, une coupe suivant le plan IIB-IIB de la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de la coupelle cylindrique d'étanchéité,
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective des joints d'étanchéité du capot de protection,
  • la figure 5 est une vue en perspective partielle du capot de protection,
  • la figure 6 est une vue en coupe montrant les demi-logements complémentaires ménagés dans le capot et dans le corps,
  • la figure 7 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un second mode de réalisation de l'appareil selon l'invention, la partie supérieure de celui-ci étant identique à celle du premier mode de réalisation.
In the appended drawings given by way of nonlimiting examples:
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a first electrical switching device according to the invention, in section along a plane of symmetry passing through the axis of the coil of its electromagnet,
  • 2 shows in the left half-view the top of the device after removing the protective cover, in the right half-view, part A, a section along the plane IIA-IIA of Figure 1 and in the part B, a section along the plane IIB-IIB of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a view in longitudinal section of the cylindrical sealing cup,
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the seals of the protective cover,
  • FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of the protective cover,
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the complementary half-housings formed in the cover and in the body,
  • Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, the upper part thereof being identical to that of the first embodiment.

Dans la réalisation de la figure 1, l'appareil 1 comprend un corps 2 en matière électriquement isolante de forme générale parallélépipédique présentant une face inférieure 21 sous laquelle se trouve un électro-aimant 11 constitué par une culasse magnétisable fixe 7 formée par l'association des pièces magnétisables 3, 4, 5, 6, une bobine d'excitation 10 comprenant une carcasse B ayant un alésage 13 et un enroulement 9, et une armature mobile magnétisable ou noyau 15 de préférence de forme cylindrique qui est soumis à l'action d'un ressort de rappel 14 lui donnant une position de repos visible sur la figure 1. Un support est fixé à la pièce magnétisable 4 pour fixer l'appareil à un bâti.In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the apparatus 1 comprises a body 2 of electrically insulating material of generally parallelepiped shape having a lower face 21 under which there is an electromagnet 11 constituted by a fixed magnetizable yoke 7 formed by the association magnetizable parts 3, 4, 5, 6, an excitation coil 10 comprising a carcass B having a bore 13 and a winding 9, and a movable magnetizable armature or core 15 preferably of cylindrical shape which is subjected to the action a return spring 14 giving it a visible rest position in Figure 1. A support is fixed to the magnetizable part 4 to fix the device to a frame.

La pièce magnétisable 3 fixée sous le corps 2 présente une ouverture 16 à travers laquelle passe la partie cylindrique 17 d'une cuvette 55 qui est magnétique et réalisée par exemple en laiton et qui sert de logement au noyau 15 et au ressort 14. Le fond 18 de cette cuvette est placé au voisinage immédiat et de préférence contre la surface supérieure 19 de la pièce magnétisable 5. Ce fond sert en même temps d'entrefer d'anti- rémanence de l'électro-aimant. Le bord supérieur de cette cuvette 55 est prolongé vers l'extérieur par une collerette plane 20 (voir figures 1 et 3) qui repose sur la surface supérieure 12 de la pièce 3 et qui est appliquée par celle-ci contre la surface inférieure 21 du corps 2.The magnetizable part 3 fixed under the body 2 has an opening 16 through which passes the cylindrical part 17 of a bowl 55 which is magnetic and made for example of brass and which serves as a housing for the core 15 and the spring 14. The bottom 18 of this bowl is placed in the immediate vicinity and preferably against the upper surface 19 of the magnetizable part 5. This bottom serves at the same time as an anti-air gap remanence of the electromagnet. The upper edge of this bowl 55 is extended outwards by a flat collar 20 (see FIGS. 1 and 3) which rests on the upper surface 12 of the part 3 and which is applied by the latter against the lower surface 21 of the body 2.

Dans cette surface inférieure 21 est creusée une gorge 22 recevant un joint élastique 23, par exemple torique, qui est comprimé par la collerette 20 lorsque la pièce 3 est fixée contre la surface 21 du corps 2 par des moyens, non représentés, tels que des vis, de sorte qu'une liaison étanche est réalisée entre le corps 2 et le volume intérieur de la cuvette 55.In this lower surface 21 is hollowed out a groove 22 receiving an elastic seal 23, for example an O-ring, which is compressed by the flange 20 when the part 3 is fixed against the surface 21 of the body 2 by means, not shown, such as screw, so that a tight connection is made between the body 2 and the interior volume of the bowl 55.

Dans le prolongement de la cuvette 55 et coaxialement avec l'axe XX' de celle-ci se trouve dans le corps 2 un logement 24 qui sert de butée au noyau 15 et qui débouche dans un dégagement axial 25 qui traverse le corps 2, dans lequel est monté un porte-contact isolant 26 qui se prolonge au-dessus du corps 2 par plusieurs branches parallèles dont le nombre correspond au nombre d'interrupteurs disposés au-dessus du corps 2.In the extension of the bowl 55 and coaxially with the axis XX 'thereof there is in the body 2 a housing 24 which serves as a stop for the core 15 and which opens into an axial clearance 25 which passes through the body 2, in which is mounted an insulating contact carrier 26 which extends above the body 2 by several parallel branches, the number of which corresponds to the number of switches arranged above the body 2.

Chacune de ces branches telles que la branche 27 présente (voir figure 2) une fenêtre 60 dans laquelle se trouve placé un pont de contact 28 et un ressort de pression de contact 29 (voir figure 1) qui l'applique vers le noyau 15 contre le fond de cette fenêtre 60.Each of these branches such as the branch 27 has (see FIG. 2) a window 60 in which is placed a contact bridge 28 and a contact pressure spring 29 (see FIG. 1) which applies it towards the core 15 against the bottom of this window 60.

Les pastilles de contact 30, 31 de ce pont de contact 28 sont réalisées en un matériau ou alliage cuivreux, par exemple du type CuMeO, CuCd ou Cu/C (Me = métal ; C = graphite) ainsi d'ailleurs que les pastilles de contact 32, 33 appartenant à deux pièces de contact fixes 34, 35, placées sous le pont 28.The contact pads 30, 31 of this contact bridge 28 are made of a cuprous material or alloy, for example of the CuMeO, CuCd or Cu / C type (Me = metal; C = graphite) as well as the pellets of contact 32, 33 belonging to two fixed contact parts 34, 35, placed under the bridge 28.

Ces pièces de contact fixes 34, 35 qui forment avec le pont mobile 28 un interrupteur tel que désigné par la référence 36 sont reliées chacune à leur extrémité opposée à une borne de raccordement 37 respectivement 38.These fixed contact parts 34, 35 which form with the movable bridge 28 a switch as designated by the reference 36 are each connected at their opposite end to a connection terminal 37 respectively 38.

Entre la borne 37 ou 38 et la pastille 32 ou 33, chaque pièce de contact fixe 34 ou 35 présente une portion intermédiaire cylindrique telle que 39 qui vient se placer dans une cavité ou demi-logement cylindrique telle que 40 prévue dans la surface supérieure 41 du corps 2. (Voir figure 6).Between terminal 37 or 38 and the pad 32 or 33, each fixed contact piece 34 or 35 has a cylindrical intermediate portion such as 39 which is placed in a cylindrical cavity or half-housing such as 40 provided in the upper surface 41 of body 2. (See Figure 6).

Un capot 42 isolé électriquement des pièces de contact fixes et réalisé en un matériau électriquement isolant, non poreux, par exemple en céramique, ou en polymère, soit encore en un matériau métallique revêtu totalement ou partiellement d'une couche d'un matériau électriquement isolant, par exemple une céramique ou un polymère approprié aux températures et conditions locales, est disposé de façon amovible au-dessus de l'ensemble des interrupteurs tels que 36 et est fixé sur la surface supérieure 41 du corps 2 à l'aide de moyens non représentés, tels que des vis.A cover 42 electrically insulated from the fixed contact parts and made of an electrically insulating, non-porous material, for example ceramic, or polymer, or even in a metallic material completely or partially coated with a layer of an electrically insulating material , for example a ceramic or a polymer suitable for local temperatures and conditions, is removably disposed above all of the switches such as 36 and is fixed to the upper surface 41 of the body 2 by means not shown, such as screws.

Le bord de ce capot 42 adjacent à la surface 41 du corps comporte un rebord périphérique plan 43 perpendiculaire aux parois latérales du capot. Ce rebord périphérique 43 comporte plusieurs cavités ou demi-logements cylindriques tels que 44 (voir figure 5) qui sont disposés en regard des demi-logements cylindriques 40 pour former, lorsque le capot 42 est monté sur le corps 2, un logement complet recevant les portions intermédiaires cylindriques 39 des pièces de contact 34, 35 (voir figure 6).The edge of this cover 42 adjacent to the surface 41 of the body has a plane peripheral rim 43 perpendicular to the side walls of the cover. This peripheral rim 43 comprises several cavities or cylindrical half-housings such as 44 (see FIG. 5) which are arranged opposite the cylindrical half-housings 40 to form, when the cover 42 is mounted on the body 2, a complete housing receiving the cylindrical intermediate portions 39 of the contact parts 34, 35 (see FIG. 6).

Entre tous ces demi-logements 40, 44 se trouvent des portions de surfaces planes 45 du rebord 43 du capot qui coopèrent avec des portions de surfaces planes 46 correspondantes de la surface supérieure 41 du corps 2. Afin d'établir entre ces surfaces une étanchéité d'excellente qualité, un joint continu 47 en boucle de forme générale rectangulaire est disposé entre le capot 42 et le corps 2 (voir figure 4).Between all these half-housings 40, 44 are portions of flat surfaces 45 of the rim 43 of the cover which cooperate with portions of corresponding flat surfaces 46 of the upper surface 41 of the body 2. In order to establish a seal between these surfaces of excellent quality, a continuous seal 47 in a generally rectangular loop is disposed between the cover 42 and the body 2 (see FIG. 4).

Ce joint 47 est moulé d'une seule pièce en un matériau élastomère et comporte autant de parties toriques telles que 48 perpendiculaires à la boucle rectangulaire du joint, que l'appareil comporte de pièces de contact fixes 34. 35, les portions intermédiaires 39 de celles-ci venant s'insérer dans lesdites parties toriques 48.This seal 47 is molded in one piece from an elastomeric material and has as many O-shaped parts such as 48 perpendicular to the rectangular loop of the seal, as the device has fixed contact parts 34. 35, the intermediate portions 39 of these being inserted into said toric parts 48.

Ce joint 47 trouve avantageusement sa place dans des gorges telles que 51, 52 (voir figure 6) pratiquées tant sur les portions de surfaces planes 45 du rebord 43 du capot 42 que sur les cavités 40 de la surface supérieure 41 du corps 2 de façon à subir une compression mesurée lorsque le capot 42 est monté sur le corps 2.This seal 47 advantageously finds its place in grooves such as 51, 52 (see FIG. 6) formed both on the portions of flat surfaces 45 of the rim 43 of the cover 42 and on the cavities 40 of the upper surface 41 of the body 2 so to undergo a measured compression when the cover 42 is mounted on the body 2.

Des joints toriques particuliers tels que 49 (voir figure 4) peuvent également être placés dans les demi-logements 40, 44 autour des portions cylindriques intermédiaires 39 des pièces de contact fixes pour pouvoir être comprimés lors du montage, comme le joint 47 afin de parfaire l'étanchéité.Special O-rings such as 49 (see FIG. 4) can also be placed in the half-housings 40, 44 around the intermediate cylindrical portions 39 of the fixed contact parts so that they can be compressed during assembly, like the seal 47 in order to perfect sealing.

Le capot 42 qui possède avantageusement des cloisons intérieures d'isolement telles que 50 (voir figure 2) pour séparer deux interrupteurs voisins 54, 53 peut être rempli d'une atmosphère particulière grâce à un ou plusieurs orifices susceptibles d'être obturés, mais non représentés.The cover 42 which advantageously has internal isolation partitions such as 50 (see FIG. 2) for separating two neighboring switches 54, 53 can be filled with a particular atmosphere thanks to one or more orifices capable of being closed, but not represented.

Une telle atmosphère peut être soit le vide, soit un mélange en toute proportion de gaz non oxydants tels que N2, H2, Ar, He, soit encore une atmosphère contenant des gaz électronégatifs et diélectriques tels que du SF6. du CF4, du CC14 ou un mélange de ceux-ci avec des gaz non oxydants.Such an atmosphere can be either vacuum, or a mixture in any proportion of non-oxidizing gases such as N 2 , H 2 , Ar, He, or even an atmosphere containing electronegative and dielectric gases such as SF 6 . CF 4 , CC1 4 or a mixture of these with non-oxidizing gases.

Le corps 2 peut être réalisé soit en une matière plastique, soit en un matériau céramique dont les surfaces devant coopérer avec les joints 47, 49 seront avantageusement usinées en particulier rectifiées après moulage.The body 2 can be made either of a plastic material, or of a ceramic material, the surfaces of which having to cooperate with the seals 47, 49 will advantageously be machined, in particular rectified after molding.

Dans le second mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 7, l'appareil 1 A comporte un capot de protection 42, des interrupteurs, et une surface supérieure du corps identiques à ceux de l'appareil selon les figures 1 à 6. Ces parties sont donc désignées par les mêmes références. L'électro-aimant et le porte-contact de l'appareil 1A sont différents.In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the device 1 A comprises a protective cover 42, switches, and an upper surface of the body identical to those of the device according to FIGS. 1 to 6. These parts are therefore designated by the same references. The electromagnet and the contact holder of the device 1A are different.

Le porte-contact 82 visible à la figure 7 possède comme celui de l'appareil 1 représenté sur les figures 1 et 2 des branches parallèles 62 portant chacune un pont de contact 28. Ces branches qui traversent des ouvertures telles que 64 sont reliées par une traverse 66 qui est placée dans un logement 81 où débouchent les ouvertures, et qui présente un prolongement 63 dépassant ce logement.The contact holder 82 visible in FIG. 7 has, like that of the apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, parallel branches 62 carrying each a contact bridge 28. These branches which pass through openings such as 64 are connected by a crosspiece 66 which is placed in a housing 81 where the openings open, and which has an extension 63 extending beyond this housing.

Une région intermédiaire 83 de ce prolongement présente sur sa surface extérieure une gorge 67 avantageusement annulaire qui reçoit l'une des extrémités 68 d'une manchette déformable 69 réalisée en matériau élastomère, cette extrémité étant de préférence maintenue dans cette gorge 67 par un collier de serrage 74 ; l'autre extrémité 70 de cette manchette 69 présente un bourrelet 71 qui est pincé entre une surface inférieure 72 du corps 65 et une bride 73 qui entourent cette manchette. Cette bride 73 est par exemple fixée sur la face inférieure 72 du corps 65. La manchette déformable 69 réalise par conséquent l'étanchéité entre le corps 65 et le porte-contact, de sorte que les interrupteurs tels que 36 sont placés dans un volume fermé totalement étanche par rapport à l'extérieur et dans lequel une atmosphère non oxydante est maintenue en permanence. Ainsi, il est possible d'utiliser pour les pastilles de contact 30, 31, 32, 33 des matériaux à base de cuivre, beaucoup moins onéreux que l'argent.An intermediate region 83 of this extension has on its outer surface a groove 67 advantageously annular which receives one of the ends 68 of a deformable cuff 69 made of elastomeric material, this end preferably being held in this groove 67 by a collar of tightening 74; the other end 70 of this cuff 69 has a bead 71 which is pinched between a lower surface 72 of the body 65 and a flange 73 which surrounds this cuff. This flange 73 is for example fixed on the lower face 72 of the body 65. The deformable cuff 69 consequently provides the seal between the body 65 and the contact carrier, so that the switches such as 36 are placed in a closed volume completely sealed from the outside and in which a non-oxidizing atmosphere is permanently maintained. Thus, it is possible to use for the contact pads 30, 31, 32, 33 copper-based materials, much less expensive than silver.

L'électro-aimant 80 utilisé dans cet appareil comporte une armature mobile 75 qui est rendue solidaire du prolongement 63 et qui coopère avec une culasse 76 en forme de E dont la branche centrale 77 est entourée par une bobine d'excitation 78. Un ressort de rappel 79 donne à l'armature 75 et donc au porte-contact 62 sa position de repos, la culasse 76 étant rendue solidaire directement ou non du corps 65.The electromagnet 80 used in this device comprises a movable armature 75 which is made integral with the extension 63 and which cooperates with an E-shaped cylinder head 76 whose central branch 77 is surrounded by an excitation coil 78. A spring return 79 gives the frame 75 and therefore the contact carrier 62 its rest position, the cylinder head 76 being made directly or indirectly integral with the body 65.

L'électro-aimant 80 est donc dans ce second mode de réalisation totalement extérieur au volume contenu entre le capot de protection 42 et la manchette 69, et peut être alimenté directement à partir d'une source de courant alternatif, la présence de bagues de déphasage exigeant à leur niveau des entrefers nuls entre les parties rectifiées planes de l'armature mobile 75 et de la culasse 76.The electromagnet 80 is therefore in this second embodiment completely external to the volume contained between the protective cover 42 and the sleeve 69, and can be supplied directly from an alternating current source, the presence of rings of phase shift requiring zero air gaps at their level between the plane rectified parts of the movable armature 75 and of the cylinder head 76.

Claims (13)

1. Electric switching apparatus comprising :
a body (2, 65),
an electromagnet (11, 80) having a stationary yoke (7, 76), a moving armature (15, 75) and a stationary excitation coil (10, 78), this electromagnet being associated with this body by means of one of its stationary elements,
a plurality of switches (36) each having a stationary contact member (34, 35) and a moving contact (28) which are provided with contact-studs (30, 31, 32, 33), the moving contacts being placed together with their pressure springs on an insulating contact-holder (26, 62) which is capable of displacement in sliding motion within this body in order to cause opening and closing of the switches and which is mechanically associated with said moving armature whilst the stationary contacts are rigidly fixed to the body,
a gas-tight protective casing (42) which is fixed on the body so as to contain the switches and is provided with insulation with respect to these latter.
resilient means (14, 79) capable of placing the moving armature (15, 75) in a rest position in which it is located at a distance from the yoke (7, 76),

characterized in that the contact-studs (30), (31 (32), (33) of the switches (36) essentially have a base of cuprous materials whilst the atmosphere confined beneath the protective casing (42) has and retains a non-oxidizing character by virtue of sealing means (23, 55 ; 69 ; 47) which are placed on the one hand between the moving armature (15), (75) and a first face (21) of the body (2), (65) and on the other hand between the protective casing (42) and a second face (41) of the body which is opposite to the first face.
2. Switching apparatus in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the stationary contact members (34, 35) have a cylindrical portion (39) located between the terminal (37) and the contact-stud (32) which is engaged partially within a cylindrical half-housing (40) formed in the second face (41) of the body and partially within a complementary cylindrical half-housing (44) formed on a peripheral flange (43) of the protective casing (42) which is adjacent to this second face.
3. Switching apparatus in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that a general gasket (47) moulded in one piece surrounds the cylindrical portions (39) locally and extends between these portions along said second face (41) and said flange (43) of the protective casing.
4. Switching apparatus in accordance with claim 3, characterized in that the gasket (47) forms a closed loop having a generally rectangular shape and is provided with toric portions (48) perpendicular to the loop formed by the gasket, these toric portions being adapted to surround the cylindrical portion (39) of the stationary contact members (34, 35) and being surrounded and compressed by the housings (40, 44).
5. Switching apparatus in accordance with claim 4, characterized in that a special 0-ring seal (49) of annular shape is placed around the cylindrical portion (39) of each stationary contact member and in the vicinity of the general gasket (47) in order to be surrounded and compressed by the half-housings (40, 44).
6. Switching apparatus in accordance with one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the protective casing (42) is provided internally with partitions (50) for isolating two adjacent switches (53, 54).
7. Switching apparatus in accordance with one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the protective casing (42) is formed of ceramic, polymer or metallic material and covered with these materials.
8. Switching apparatus in accordance with one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the protective casing (42) contains an atmosphere composed at least partially of a non-oxidizing gas such as nitrogen, hydrogen, argon or helium.
9. Switching apparatus in accordance with one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the protective casing (42) contains an atmosphere composed at least partially of an electronegative gas such as sulphur hexafluoride.
10. Switching apparatus in accordance with one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the first face (21) of the body (2) is fitted with a seal (23) applied against an annular flange (20) formed on a nonmagnetizable cylindrical cup (55) which penetrates into the bore (13) of the coil form (8) of the coil (10) and which contains an armature in the form of a plunger-core (15) connected to a contact-holder (26) which extends through a passage (24, 25) of the body (2).
11. Switching apparatus in accordance with claim 9, characterized in that the annular flange (20) is applied against the first face (21) and against the seal (23) by a stationary yoke member (3) which surrounds the cup (55).
12. Switching apparatus in accordance with one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the first face (72) of the body (65) cooperates with a first fixed end (70) of a deformable cuff (69) having a second and movable end (68) applied against the periphery (67) of an extension (63, 83) of the contact-holder (82) which is remote from the switches (36) and which is coupled mechanically to the moving armature (75) of the electro-magnet (80).
13. Switching unit in accordance with claim 12, characterized in that the first end (70) of the cuff (69) has a beaded edge (71) which is applied against the first face (72) by a flanged collar (73) fixed on the body (65).
EP85400449A 1984-03-28 1985-03-08 Electrical commutation appliance comprising a gas-proof contact protecting cover Expired EP0164276B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8404826A FR2562321B1 (en) 1984-03-28 1984-03-28 ELECTRICAL SWITCHING APPARATUS COMPRISING A GAS-TIGHT CONTACTS PROTECTION COVER
FR8404826 1984-03-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0164276A1 EP0164276A1 (en) 1985-12-11
EP0164276B1 true EP0164276B1 (en) 1987-09-09

Family

ID=9302552

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85400449A Expired EP0164276B1 (en) 1984-03-28 1985-03-08 Electrical commutation appliance comprising a gas-proof contact protecting cover

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4638275A (en)
EP (1) EP0164276B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60236428A (en)
DE (2) DE3560612D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2562321B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60236428A (en) 1985-11-25
DE3560612D1 (en) 1987-10-15
FR2562321A1 (en) 1985-10-04
DE164276T1 (en) 1986-04-10
EP0164276A1 (en) 1985-12-11
US4638275A (en) 1987-01-20
JPH0527933B2 (en) 1993-04-22
FR2562321B1 (en) 1986-08-01

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