EP0163047B1 - Electrofilter - Google Patents
Electrofilter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0163047B1 EP0163047B1 EP19850103627 EP85103627A EP0163047B1 EP 0163047 B1 EP0163047 B1 EP 0163047B1 EP 19850103627 EP19850103627 EP 19850103627 EP 85103627 A EP85103627 A EP 85103627A EP 0163047 B1 EP0163047 B1 EP 0163047B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- spray
- distance
- discharge electrodes
- tips
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
- B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
- B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/10—Ionising electrode has multiple serrated ends or parts
Definitions
- the invention relates to electrostatic precipitators with tubular or plate-shaped precipitation electrodes and toothed spray electrodes arranged in the center.
- GB-PS 840 853 discloses electrostatic precipitators with tubular precipitation electrodes and spray electrodes in the form of toothed strips. It is also known to use spray electrodes in the form of toothed strips which are twisted about their longitudinal axis (AT-PS 121 928). Another possibility of designing the spray electrodes is shown in DE-AS 1 201 816. Here, band-shaped spray electrodes with sawtooth-like spray tips are used, in which the spray tips of the band are bent opposite one another at a certain angle from the plane of the band and additionally have a further sharp-edged bend on the same side. Finally, from GB-A 968065 an electrostatic filter with tubular precipitation electrodes is known, in which precipitation electrodes provided with spray tips are arranged in the center.
- the distance between the tips of the spray electrodes and the precipitation electrode is limited to a fixed value. At this fixed value, the ratio of the distance of the spray tips from the central axis of the tubular precipitation electrode to the distance of the central plane or central axis from the walls of the respective precipitation electrodes is in the range of 0.6-0.8.
- the invention has for its object to further improve the separation performance of electrostatic filters with toothed spray electrodes.
- This object is achieved according to the invention in that the ratio of the distance of the spray tips from the central axis in the case of tubular precipitation electrodes or the distance of the spray tips from the center plane between plate-shaped precipitation electrodes to the distance of the center plane or center axis from the walls of the respective precipitation electrodes is between 0.4 and 0. 6 lies.
- electrostatic precipitators are reproducibly accessible by adhering to the range of the spacing ratio specified above can preferably be applied to electrostatic filters which contain toothed, band-shaped spray electrodes which are twisted around their central axis by rotation.
- An alternative preferred embodiment of the electrostatic precipitators contains toothed band-shaped spray electrodes which have been formed into three-dimensional bodies by bending the teeth out of the band plane.
- the inventive design feature, 0.4 & r / R 9 0.6, which determines the optimal separation behavior of the electrostatic precipitator, is independent of the absolute mass of the electrostatic precipitator and the cross-sectional geometry of tubular precipitation electrodes.
- diagram 1 The effect of the distance ratio r / R on the separation efficiency (expressed by the quotient of the particle migration speed w and the maximum particle migration speed w max is shown in diagram 1 (page 7).
- the values w / w max are plotted for tubular precipitation electrodes and various toothed spray electrodes (either made by twisting the toothed spray electrode band or bending the teeth from the band plane) were obtained.
- the points entered are measured values; the curve drawn represents the compensation curve.
- Example 2 In a tube electrostatic precipitator of the type described in Example 1, but with an inner tube diameter of 250 mm, the operation was carried out under the same specific conditions as in Example 1. The results are as follows: From these results it can be seen that the ratio r / R and not the distance of the tooth tips of the spray electrode from the central axis or the distance of the tooth tip of the spray electrode from the nearest precipitation electrode wall is the determining parameter for the relative rate of migration.
- Example 2 The same electrodes as in Example 1 were used in a plate electrostatic precipitator with a plate spacing of 200 mm.
- r the distance of the spray tip from the imaginary center plane between the two parallel plate electrodes
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft Elektrofilter mit rohr-oder plattenförmigen Niederschlagselektroden und mittig angeordneten gezahnten Sprühelektroden.The invention relates to electrostatic precipitators with tubular or plate-shaped precipitation electrodes and toothed spray electrodes arranged in the center.
Seit langem ist es bekannt, zur Abscheidung von Schwebekörpern aller vorkommenden Grössen, auch feinster Nebel und Stäube, Elektrofilter mit unterschiedlichen gestalteten Niederschlags-und Sprühelektroden einzusetzen.It has been known for a long time to use electrostatic filters with differently designed precipitation and spray electrodes for the separation of floats of all sizes, including the finest mists and dusts.
Bei den im Stand der Technik bekannten Ansätzen zur Lösung des Problems, höchste Abscheideleistung auch bei der Entfernung feinster Partikel aus Gasströmen zu erzielen, konzentrierte sich die Aufmerksamkeit bislang in erster Linie auf die Suche nach einer optimalen Gestaltung des Sprühelektrodenprofils.In the approaches known in the prior art for solving the problem of achieving the highest separation performance even when removing the finest particles from gas streams, attention has hitherto focused primarily on the search for an optimal design of the spray electrode profile.
So sind aus der GB-PS 840 853 Elektrofilter mit rohrförmigen Niederschlagselektroden und Sprühelektroden in Form gezahnter Bänder bekannt. Es ist weiterhin bekannt, Sprühelektroden in Form gezahnter, um ihre Längsachse verdrehter Bänder einzusetzen (AT-PS 121 928). Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Gestaltung der Sprühelektroden ist in der DE-AS 1 201 816 aufgezeigt. Hier werden bandförmige Sprühelektroden mit sägezahnartigen Sprühspitzen verwendet, bei denen die Sprühspitzen des Bandes entgegengesetzt zueinander unter einem bestimmten Winkel aus der Bandebene abgebogen sind und zusätzlich einen weiteren scharfkantigen Knick zur gleichen Seite hin aufweisen. Schliesslich ist aus der GB-A 968065 ein Elektrofilter mit rohrförmigen Niederschlagselektroden bekannt, in denen mit Sprühspitzen versehene Niederschlagselektroden mittig angeordnet sind. Der Abstand zwischen den Spitzen der Sprühelektroden und der Niederschlagselektrode ist auf einen Festwert beschränkt. Bei diesem Festwert liegt das Verhältnis des Abstandes der Sprühspitzen von der Mittelachse der rohrförmigen Niederschlagselektrode zum Abstand der Mittelebene oder Mittelachse von denWänden der jeweiligen Niederschlagselektroden im Bereich von 0,6-0,8.GB-PS 840 853 discloses electrostatic precipitators with tubular precipitation electrodes and spray electrodes in the form of toothed strips. It is also known to use spray electrodes in the form of toothed strips which are twisted about their longitudinal axis (AT-PS 121 928). Another possibility of designing the spray electrodes is shown in DE-AS 1 201 816. Here, band-shaped spray electrodes with sawtooth-like spray tips are used, in which the spray tips of the band are bent opposite one another at a certain angle from the plane of the band and additionally have a further sharp-edged bend on the same side. Finally, from GB-A 968065 an electrostatic filter with tubular precipitation electrodes is known, in which precipitation electrodes provided with spray tips are arranged in the center. The distance between the tips of the spray electrodes and the precipitation electrode is limited to a fixed value. At this fixed value, the ratio of the distance of the spray tips from the central axis of the tubular precipitation electrode to the distance of the central plane or central axis from the walls of the respective precipitation electrodes is in the range of 0.6-0.8.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Abscheideleistung von Elektrofiltern mit gezahnten Sprühelektroden weiter zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to further improve the separation performance of electrostatic filters with toothed spray electrodes.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass das Verhältnis des Abstandes der Sprühspitzen von der Mittelachse bei rohrförmigen Niederschlagselektroden oder des Abstandes der Sprühspitzen von der Mittelebene zwischen plattenförmigen Niederschlagselektroden zum Abstand der Mittelebene oder Mittelachse von den Wänden der jeweiligen Niederschlagselektroden zwischen 0,4 und 0,6 liegt.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the ratio of the distance of the spray tips from the central axis in the case of tubular precipitation electrodes or the distance of the spray tips from the center plane between plate-shaped precipitation electrodes to the distance of the center plane or center axis from the walls of the respective precipitation electrodes is between 0.4 and 0. 6 lies.
Der überraschende Befund, dass durch Einhaltung des oben spezifierten Bereichs des Abstandsverhältnisses reproduzierbar höchsteffiziente Elektrofilter zugänglich sind, lässt sich bevorzugt auf Elektrofilter anwenden, die gezahnte, bandförmige Sprühelektroden enthalten, die durch Verdrehen um ihre Mittelachse verdrillt sind. Eine alternative bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Elektrofilter enthält gezahnte bandförmige Sprühelektroden, die durch Abbiegen der Zähne aus der Bandebene zu dreidimensionalen Körpern geformt worden sind.The surprising finding that highly efficient electrostatic precipitators are reproducibly accessible by adhering to the range of the spacing ratio specified above can preferably be applied to electrostatic filters which contain toothed, band-shaped spray electrodes which are twisted around their central axis by rotation. An alternative preferred embodiment of the electrostatic precipitators contains toothed band-shaped spray electrodes which have been formed into three-dimensional bodies by bending the teeth out of the band plane.
Das erfindungsgemässe Konstruktionsmerkmal, 0,4 & r/R 9 0,6, das das optimale Abscheideverhalten der Elektrofilter bedingt, ist unabhängig von den Absolutmassen des Elektrofilters und der Querschnittsgeometrie rohrförmiger Niederschlagselektroden.The inventive design feature, 0.4 & r / R 9 0.6, which determines the optimal separation behavior of the electrostatic precipitator, is independent of the absolute mass of the electrostatic precipitator and the cross-sectional geometry of tubular precipitation electrodes.
Mögliche Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher erläutert: Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1 den Querschnitt eines Elektrofilters mit rohrförmiger Niederschlagselektrode (5) sechseckiger Grundfläche, deren gezahnte Sprühelektrode (6) mit Sprühspitzen (1, 2, 3 und 4) versehen ist, die um 45° nach vorn (1, 3) oder nach hinten gebogen sind (2,4).
- Fig. 2 den Querschnitt eines Elektrofilters mit quadratischem Grundriss der Niederschlagselektrode (5) dar; die Sprühspitzen (1, 3) der Sprühelektrode (6) sind um 45° nach vorn, die Sprühspitzen (2,4) sind um 45° nach hinten gebogen.
- Fig. 3 den Querschnitt eines Elektrofilters mit kreisförmiger Grundfläche. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 und 6 haben die gleiche Bedeutung wie in den vorangehenden Figuren.
- Fig. 4 einen Plattenelektrofilter mit parallel angeordneten Niederschlagselektroden (5) und gezahnter Sprühelektrode (6) mit um 45° nach vorn (1, 3) und nach hinter (2,4) ausgebogenen Sprühspitzen.
- Fig. 5 die für alle vorstehend gezeigten Elektrofiltertypen geltende schematische Seitenansicht des senkrecht zu den Niederschlagselektrodenwänden (5) geöffneten Elektrofilters mit mittig angeordneter Sprühelektrode (6). 1, 2, 3 und 4 stellen die vorstehend beschriebenen Sprühspitzen dar.
- Fig. 1 shows the cross section of an electrostatic precipitator with a tubular precipitation electrode (5) with a hexagonal base, the toothed spray electrode (6) of which is provided with spray tips (1, 2, 3 and 4) that are 45 ° forwards (1, 3) or backwards are bent (2.4).
- Figure 2 shows the cross section of an electrostatic filter with a square outline of the precipitation electrode (5). the spray tips (1, 3) of the spray electrode (6) are bent forwards by 45 °, the spray tips (2,4) are bent backwards by 45 °.
- Fig. 3 shows the cross section of an electrostatic filter with a circular base. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 have the same meaning as in the previous figures.
- Fig. 4 shows a plate electrostatic precipitator with parallel precipitation electrodes (5) and toothed spray electrode (6) with 45 ° forward (1, 3) and behind (2,4) spray tips bent out.
- 5 shows the schematic side view of the electrostatic filter, which is open perpendicular to the precipitation electrode walls (5) and has a centrally arranged spray electrode (6), which applies to all the electrostatic filter types shown above. 1, 2, 3 and 4 represent the spray tips described above.
Die Auswirkung des Abstandsverhältnisses r/R auf die Abscheideleistung (ausgedrückt durch den Quotienten aus der Partikelwanderungsgeschwindigkeit w und der maximalen Partikelwanderungsgechwindigkeit wmax wird durch das Diagramm 1 (Seite 7) wiedergegeben. In diesem Diagramm sind die Werte w/wmax aufgetragen, die für rohrförmige Niederschlagselektroden und verschiedene, gezahnte Sprühelektroden (entweder durch Verdrehen des gezahnten Sprühelektrodenbandes oder Abbiegen der Zähne aus der Bandebene hergestellt) erhalten wurden.The effect of the distance ratio r / R on the separation efficiency (expressed by the quotient of the particle migration speed w and the maximum particle migration speed w max is shown in diagram 1 (page 7). In this diagram the values w / w max are plotted for tubular precipitation electrodes and various toothed spray electrodes (either made by twisting the toothed spray electrode band or bending the teeth from the band plane) were obtained.
Die eingetragenen Punkte sind Messwerte; die eingezeichnete Kurve stellt die Ausgleichskurve dar.The points entered are measured values; the curve drawn represents the compensation curve.
Aus dem Diagramm ist zu entnehmen, dass w/wmax von 50% bei r/R = 0,3 auf 100% bei r/R = 0,49 ansteigt und bei r/R = 0,66 wieder den 50%-Wert erreicht.It can be seen from the diagram that w / w max increases from 50% at r / R = 0.3 to 100% at r / R = 0.49 and again at 50 / r = 0.66 reached.
Die folgenden Beispiele erläutern die Erfindung und zeigen, dass Elektrofilter mit optimaler Abscheideleistung gemäss der Erfindung unabhängig von der speziellen Ausgestaltung der Niederschlagselektrode zu erhalten sind.The following examples explain the invention and show that electrostatic precipitators with optimal separation performance according to the invention can be obtained regardless of the special design of the precipitation electrode.
In einem Röhrenelektrofilter mit zylindrischen Röhren als Niederschlagselektroden, die einen inneren Durchmesser von 300 mm aufwiesen, wurden verschiedene, aus gezahnten Bändern durch Verdrehen oder durch Abbiegen der Zähne hergestellte Sprühelektroden eingesetzt, die unterschiedlich lange Zähne, von der Mittelachse der Sprühelektrode gerechnet, aufwiesen.In a tubular electrostatic precipitator with cylindrical tubes as precipitation electrodes, which had an inner diameter of 300 mm, various spray electrodes were made from toothed strips by twisting or by bending the teeth, which had teeth of different lengths, calculated from the central axis of the spray electrode.
Das Elektrofilter wurde mit einem Luftstrom beaufschlagt, der Schwefelsäurenebel mit einer mittleren Partikelgrösse von 0,5 11m enthielt. Bei gleicher Luftgeschwindigkeit und gleich angelegter Spannung wurden in Abhängigkeit von der Zahnlänge (r) folgende prozentuale Wanderungsgeschwindigkeiten (w/wmax) erhalten:
In einem Röhrenelektrofilter der in Beispiel 1 beschriebenen Art, jedoch mit einem inneren Rohrdurchmesser von 250 mm wurde der Betrieb unter gleichen spezifischen Bedingungen gefahren wie in Beispiel 1. Die Ergebnisse stellen sich wie folgt dar:
In einem Plattenelektrofilter mit einem Plattenabstand von 200 mm wurden die gleichen Elektroden eingesetzt wie in Beispiel 1. Entsprechend der abweichenden Definition von r (hier Abstand der Sprühspitze von der gedachten Mittelebene zwischen den beiden parallelen Plattenelektroden) ergeben sich im Vergleich zu den vorgenannten Beispielen 1 und 2 abweichende Absolutwerte für r.The same electrodes as in Example 1 were used in a plate electrostatic precipitator with a plate spacing of 200 mm. Corresponding to the different definition of r (here the distance of the spray tip from the imaginary center plane between the two parallel plate electrodes), in comparison to the aforementioned Examples 1 and 2 deviating absolute values for r.
Versuchsdurchführung entsprach der in Beispiel 1 beschriebenen Vorgehensweise. Folgende Ergebnisse wurden erzielt:
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3415984 | 1984-04-28 | ||
DE19843415984 DE3415984A1 (en) | 1984-04-28 | 1984-04-28 | ELECTRIC FILTER |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0163047A2 EP0163047A2 (en) | 1985-12-04 |
EP0163047A3 EP0163047A3 (en) | 1986-04-16 |
EP0163047B1 true EP0163047B1 (en) | 1989-06-14 |
Family
ID=6234659
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19850103627 Expired EP0163047B1 (en) | 1984-04-28 | 1985-03-27 | Electrofilter |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0163047B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3415984A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3622673A1 (en) * | 1986-07-05 | 1988-01-14 | Schako Metallwarenfabrik | DEVICE FOR FILTERING AIR |
DE3900552A1 (en) * | 1989-01-11 | 1990-07-12 | Goslar Bleiwerk | ELECTRIC FILTERS IN PLASTIC AND / OR METAL, ESPECIALLY LEAD |
FR2654648B1 (en) * | 1989-11-21 | 1992-04-24 | Bertin & Cie | ELECTROCYCLONE FOR GAS DUST COLLECTION. |
CN103316768A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2013-09-25 | 杰智环境科技股份有限公司 | Discharge electrode tube for corona discharge |
US8861167B2 (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2014-10-14 | Global Plasma Solutions, Llc | Bipolar ionization device |
DE102014225203A1 (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-06-09 | Sms Elex Ag | Electrostatic filter for cleaning gas |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1357202A (en) * | 1915-09-16 | 1920-10-26 | Int Precipitation Co | Art of producing electrical precipitation of particles from fluid or gaseous streams |
DE517067C (en) * | 1928-06-08 | 1931-01-31 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Device for the electrical separation of floating bodies from gases |
US1992113A (en) * | 1931-10-26 | 1935-02-19 | Int Precipitation Co | Electrical precipitating apparatus |
US2505907A (en) * | 1946-10-31 | 1950-05-02 | Research Corp | Discharge electrode |
FR1048326A (en) * | 1950-10-21 | 1953-12-21 | Raytheon Mfg Co | Electronic dust collector |
US2694464A (en) * | 1951-02-09 | 1954-11-16 | Research Corp | Electrical precipitator |
DE1028538B (en) * | 1956-09-20 | 1958-04-24 | Bischoff Gasreinigung | Electrostatic precipitator discharge electrode and process for its manufacture |
DE1239277B (en) * | 1962-04-21 | 1967-04-27 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for the separation of mists and solids from gases by means of wet pipe dust collectors |
DE1201816B (en) * | 1963-06-27 | 1965-09-30 | Omnical Ges Fuer Kessel Und Ap | Spray electrode for electrostatic dust collector |
DE2018447C3 (en) * | 1970-04-17 | 1975-07-24 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Spray electrodes in electrostatic precipitators |
DE2134165C3 (en) * | 1971-07-09 | 1981-06-04 | Elba-Werk Maschinen-Gesellschaft Mbh & Co, 7505 Ettlingen | Wet electrostatic precipitator |
-
1984
- 1984-04-28 DE DE19843415984 patent/DE3415984A1/en active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-03-27 EP EP19850103627 patent/EP0163047B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0163047A2 (en) | 1985-12-04 |
DE3415984A1 (en) | 1985-11-07 |
EP0163047A3 (en) | 1986-04-16 |
DE3415984C2 (en) | 1990-08-30 |
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