EP0158938B1 - Apparatus for the manufacture of fibrous webs - Google Patents

Apparatus for the manufacture of fibrous webs Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0158938B1
EP0158938B1 EP85104134A EP85104134A EP0158938B1 EP 0158938 B1 EP0158938 B1 EP 0158938B1 EP 85104134 A EP85104134 A EP 85104134A EP 85104134 A EP85104134 A EP 85104134A EP 0158938 B1 EP0158938 B1 EP 0158938B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foam
channel
nozzles
fiber furnish
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85104134A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0158938A2 (en
EP0158938A3 (en
Inventor
James Oscar Cheshire
Robert John Marinack
Johannes Archibald Van Den Akker
Douglas Leroy Lindgren
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Georgia Pacific Consumer Products LP
Original Assignee
James River Norwalk Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by James River Norwalk Inc filed Critical James River Norwalk Inc
Priority to AT85104134T priority Critical patent/ATE48861T1/de
Publication of EP0158938A2 publication Critical patent/EP0158938A2/en
Publication of EP0158938A3 publication Critical patent/EP0158938A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0158938B1 publication Critical patent/EP0158938B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/02—Head boxes of Fourdrinier machines
    • D21F1/022—Means for injecting material into flow within the headbox
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/02—Head boxes of Fourdrinier machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/02—Head boxes of Fourdrinier machines
    • D21F1/026—Details of the turbulence section
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/02—Head boxes of Fourdrinier machines
    • D21F1/028—Details of the nozzle section
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/002—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines by using a foamed suspension

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for forming and directing a foam-fiber furnish onto a forming wire in the manufacture of a fibrous web, with a slice positioned and operative to deposit said foam-fiber furnish onto said forming wire; and a headbox channel in direct fluid flow communication with said slice and including an inner wall portion; a plurality of foam-forming openings in fluid flow connection with said headbox channel and positioned and adapted to receive a foamable liquid-fiber furnish and to form and forcible direct foam-fiber furnish having a relatively low viscosity into said channel to impinge upon said inner wall portion and flow throughout said channel, the recited impingement being effective to create turbulence in the low-viscosity foam-fiber furnish in said channel immediately upon its flow through said slice, whereby random orientation of the fibers in the furnish is insured throughout said channel and as it flows through said slice for deposit on said forming wire.
  • DE-A-2 620 033 discloses an apparatus for forming and directing a foam-fibre furnish onto a forming wire in the manufacture of a fibrous web, with a slice positioned and operative to deposit said foam-fibre furnish onto said forming wire.
  • a headbox channel in direct fluid flow communication with the slice includes inner wall portions.
  • a plurality of foam-forming openings is in fluid flow connection with said headbox channel and is positioned and adapted to receive the foamable liquid-fibre furnish and to form and forcibly direct foam-fibre furnish having a relatively low viscosity into said channel, whereby the foam-fibre furnish impinges upon the inner wall portion and flows throughout said channel through the slice.
  • the recited impingement creates turbulence in the low-viscosity foam-fibre furnish whereby random orientation of the fibres in the furnish is insured throughout said channel and as it flows through said slice for deposit on said forming wire.
  • the invention contemplates an improvement on the foregoing explained apparatus in such a manner that a better turbulent flow of the foam-fiber furnish is created to obtain a better random fiber orientation.
  • each of said foam-forming openings are nozzles, which comprises means defining a generally tubular fluid passage having regions of alternate lesser and greater cross sectional areas.
  • Such nozzles with alternate cross sectional areas create a turbulent flow immediately and especially prior said foam-fiber furnish passes said slice.
  • the inner wall portion of the headbox channel is formed. Preferred embodiments of the invention are therefore characterized in that the inner wall portion is substantially planar, curved or cylindrical.
  • turbulent flow will advantageously be improved with a feature characterized in that said channel is provided with a second array of foam forming nozzles positioned to direct foam-fiber furnish onto an opposing wall of said channel, or with a feature characterized in that a plurality of rows of foam forming nozzles extend longitudinally of said cylindrical channel and so positioned as to direct foam-fiber furnish into said channel in a radial direction.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the invention is achieved with the feature, characterized in that said foam forming nozzles are so positioned as to direct a stream of foam-fiber furnish into said channel to impinge upon at least one stream of foam-fiber furnish from another of said foam-forming nozzles.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that said second array of nozzles is arranged to forcibly discharge foam-fiber furnish in a non-intersecting path relative to paths of flow of foam-fiber furnish from said first array of nozzles.
  • each said nozzle is about 7.6 cm (about 3 inches) long, said bore is generally cylindrical, said lesser cross sectional areas are of about 1.3 cm (about 1/2 inch) diameter, said greater cross sectional areas are of about 1.9 cm (about 3/4 inch) diameter, and said regions are spaced axially of the nozzle about 1.3 cm (about 1/ 2 inch), and further wherein the recited connection of said nozzles with said headbox is about 5 cm (about 2 inches) from said inner wall portion.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the headbox channel is characterized by an apparatus according to Claim 1, including wall portions of the headbox defining the channel in substantially direct fluid flow communication with said slice, at least one pair of said wall portions being in mutually confronting spaced relation; and an array of foam forming nozzles connected through one of the confronting wall portions to said headbox channel and positioned and operative to impinge upon the other of said confronting wall portions.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that said channel further is defined by an additional pair of closely spaced confronting wall portions extending transversely of said first recited pair of wall portions; and at least one wall portion of the second recited pair having connected therethrough to said channel a second array of foam forming nozzles positioned and adapted to direct foam-fiber furnish for impingement on the opposite wall portion of said second pair and flow through said slice.
  • FIG. 1 Further preferred embodiments of the invention are characterized in that said impact surface is substantially perpendicular to the polar axis of a nozzle and that said forming wire is linearly movable at a predetermined speed, and the speed at which said furnish is deposited is in excess of the speed of movement of said forming wire.
  • a web forming apparatus 10 comprising a headbox 11 provided with a channel 11 a leading to throat 12a of an adjustable slice 12 positioned and operative to discharge a foam-fiber furnish onto a forming wire 13 as it passes over a breast roll 14. Adjustment of the slice is afforded by a roof or upper wall 12b of throat 12a mounted for pivotal movement about hinge P, and positionable by a conventional jack means 12c. Suction boxes 15 and 16 are disposed beneath wire 13, and are connected to a vacuum source 17 for receiving both foam and liquid derived from collapsed foam, and drained through the wire.
  • Drained foam and liquid are returned by a pump 18 through conduit 19 to an in-line mixer 20 for reuse, where additional fiber, either dry or as a dispersion, and air are introduced through pipe 33 to conduit 19, by means of a known metering device such as is seen at 32, to form a dispersion of air and fiber in water containing a surfactant in creation of a foamable furnish.
  • the foamable furnish is fed under pressure by a pump 21 through an input conduit 22 to a manifold 23.
  • manifold 23 leads to parallel arrays of foamable liquid-fiber furnish inlet nozzles 24 having tubular passages such as bores 25 of alternately increased and decreased cross sectional areas.
  • the decreased cross sectional areas in combination with the increased cross sectional areas respectively effect alternate increases and decreases in the flow speed of the foamable furnish within the nozzles, thereby creating foam-forming tubulence.
  • This same bore configuration is shear inducing, thereby lowering the apparent viscosity of the foam leaving the nozzles.
  • nozzles 24 function as the sole foam forming devices in the present invention, and are disposed in direct fluid flow communication with the channel 11a of headbox 11 defined by substantially planar, generally parallel, relatively closely spaced upper and lower, horizontally extending wall portions 26 and 27, respectively, side wall portions 28 and 29, and front and rear wall portions 30 and 31, respectively. Construction and arrangement of the wall portions is such that the channel 11 a has its major extent in a direction transverse the direction of forming wire movement.
  • the inlet connections of the one array of eleven nozzles 24 to the headbox extend through wall 26 in such a manner that foam-fiber furnish is directed from nozzles 24 at relatively low viscosity, transversely of the direction of extent of and onto a confronting, interior surface of wall portion 27 of headbox channel 11a.
  • wall portion 27 serves as a turbulent flow inducing impact surface for the foam-fiber furnish. While the several walls or wall portions have been described and illustrated as being planar and parallel, it should be understood that they may be positioned out of parallel, or may be curved.
  • headbox channel 11a might be defined by a generally cylindrical wall portion.
  • the inlet connections of the other array of twelve nozzles 24 to the headbox extend through wall 31 to direct foam-fiber furnish onto confronting wall 30, which also functions as an impact surface extending transversely of the direction of entry of foam-fiber furnish from the one array of eleven nozzles 24.
  • the nozzles 24 further are arranged such that the nozzle axes of the one array are between and generally in a plane perpendicular to the general plane of the nozzle axes of the other array.
  • the axes of the eleven nozzles 24 of the one array are spaced along the headbox about 5 cm (two inches) apart, as are similarly spaced the twelve nozzles of the other array; by this spacing, the headbox extends about 61 cm (two feet) in the cross machine direction. Additional arrays or fractions thereof may be provided in accommodation of other machine widths.
  • Each of nozzles 24 is about 7.6 cm (3 inches) in length and has a generally undulatory bore configuration defined by alternate convergent and divergent frustoconical sections.
  • the narrower sections of lesser cross sectional area are about 1.3 cm (1/2 inch) diameter, and the wider sections of greater cross sectional area are about 1.9 cm (3/4 inch) diameter, with a distance between sections of about 1.3 cm (1/2 inch).
  • the distance between the discharge end of each bore 25 and a confronting baffle or wall of channel 11a is about 5 cm (2 inches).
  • Throat 12a of slice 12 is about 41 cm (16 inches) long so that the foam with its dispersion of randomly oriented fibers advantageously travels a relatively short distance from the headbox channel through the slice throat, thereby minimizing unidirectional orientation as the foam tends to revert to laminar flow in the slice throat.
  • apparatus embodying the invention achieves desirable, relatively low MD/ CD ratios of fibrous webs with minimization of the number of moving parts.
  • the foam forming nozzles are in fluid flow communication with the headbox channel at different locations than those hereinabove described.
  • the headbox channel is generally cylindrical, affording curved walls as briefly described hereinabove, and the axes of the nozzles are located along the length of the channel as are the axes of the nozzles in Figures 1 to 3.
  • the several walls 126 through 131 of headbox 111 similar to the one described in connection with Figures 1 to 3, define a channel 111 a leading to throat 112a for feeding foam-fiber furnish through adjustable slice 112 onto forming wire 113 moving on breast roll 114.
  • Nozzles 124 are similar to the hereinabove described foam forming nozzles 24, and, while arranged in staggered array, are provided only in top wall 126, whereby foam-fiber furnish introduced into the channel impinges upon lower wall 127 as an impact surface.
  • foam forming nozzles 224 are so positioned that one array is connected to the headbox channel 2121a through top wall 226 and the other array is offset as respects the one array and is connected to the channel through bottom wall 227.
  • foam-fiber furnish introduced to the headbox channel through upper nozzles 224 impinges upon lower wall 227 and flows through throat 212a, while furnish introduced through lower nozzles 224 impinges on upper wall 226 and mingles with the furnish introduced through the upper nozzles as it flows through throat 212a.
  • the horizontally extending headbox channel 411 a is defined by curved wall portions of a hollow cylindrical structure about 5.7 cm (2 1/4 inches) in diameter and closed at its ends by walls, one of which is seen at 428.
  • a cylindrical channel advantageously affords a compact arrangement for three arrays of foaming nozzles 424 of the type hereinabove described, and whose centerlines are spaced about 5.7 cm (2 1/4 inches) apart along the length of the channel.
  • the arrays are disposed in fluid flow communication with channel 411 in upper left and right quadrants and in the lower right quadrant of the cylindrical wall portions of the channel so that each nozzle is effective to direct foam-fiber furnish transversely of the polar axis of the cylindrical structure onto an opposed curved, cylindrical wall portion serving as an impact surface.
  • the entrance of the slice throat 412a occupies the lower left quadrant. While the nozzles are shown in the same plane for the sake of convenience, it will be understood that the nozzles of each array are staggered as respects the nozzles of the other arrays, so that the spacing between centerlines of the nozzles as between arrays is about 1.9 cm (3/4 inch).
  • the impact surface is relatively closely spaced from the region of introduction of the foaming nozzle to the relatively low-volume headbox channel, which impact surface also is substantially perpendicular to the axis of a nozzle.
  • the tangent to the cylindrical surface at the center of the impact being substantially perpendicular to the axis of a nozzle.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
EP85104134A 1984-04-16 1985-04-04 Apparatus for the manufacture of fibrous webs Expired EP0158938B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85104134T ATE48861T1 (de) 1984-04-16 1985-04-04 Vorrichtung zur herstellung von faserbahnen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US60067984A 1984-04-16 1984-04-16
US600679 1984-04-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0158938A2 EP0158938A2 (en) 1985-10-23
EP0158938A3 EP0158938A3 (en) 1986-12-30
EP0158938B1 true EP0158938B1 (en) 1989-12-20

Family

ID=24404639

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85104134A Expired EP0158938B1 (en) 1984-04-16 1985-04-04 Apparatus for the manufacture of fibrous webs

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0158938B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS60231895A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE48861T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3574887D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11255051B2 (en) 2017-11-29 2022-02-22 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fibrous sheet with improved properties
US11313061B2 (en) 2018-07-25 2022-04-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for making three-dimensional foam-laid nonwovens
US11591755B2 (en) 2015-11-03 2023-02-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Paper tissue with high bulk and low lint
US12331465B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2025-06-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Foam-formed fibrous sheets with crimped staple fibers

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL350429A1 (en) * 1999-02-25 2002-12-16 Ahlstrom Glassfibre Oy Foam process web production with foam dilution
FI115512B (fi) 2001-11-09 2005-05-31 Ahlstrom Glassfibre Oy Menetelmä ja laitteisto vaahtorainauksen suorittamiseksi
DE102022115964A1 (de) * 2022-06-27 2023-12-28 Andritz Küsters Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Faserbahn
DE102023136266A1 (de) * 2023-12-21 2025-06-26 Andritz Küsters Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Faserbahn

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3837999A (en) * 1971-12-20 1974-09-24 Kimberly Clark Co Method of controlling the orientation of fibers in a foam formed sheet
US3938782A (en) * 1972-04-07 1976-02-17 Wiggins Teape Research & Development Limited Apparatus for producing a foamed fibre dispersion
US3798122A (en) * 1972-06-26 1974-03-19 Kimberly Clark Co Method and apparatus for the production of fibrous sheets
GB1548924A (en) * 1975-05-06 1979-07-18 St Annes Board Mill Co Ltd Flowboxes
US4197159A (en) * 1977-09-02 1980-04-08 St. Anne's Board Mill Company Limited Flowboxes

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11591755B2 (en) 2015-11-03 2023-02-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Paper tissue with high bulk and low lint
US12331465B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2025-06-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Foam-formed fibrous sheets with crimped staple fibers
US11255051B2 (en) 2017-11-29 2022-02-22 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fibrous sheet with improved properties
US12043963B2 (en) 2017-11-29 2024-07-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fibrous sheet with improved properties
US11313061B2 (en) 2018-07-25 2022-04-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for making three-dimensional foam-laid nonwovens
US11788221B2 (en) 2018-07-25 2023-10-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for making three-dimensional foam-laid nonwovens
US12116706B2 (en) 2018-07-25 2024-10-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for making three-dimensional foam-laid nonwovens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH032995B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1991-01-17
EP0158938A2 (en) 1985-10-23
EP0158938A3 (en) 1986-12-30
JPS60231895A (ja) 1985-11-18
DE3574887D1 (de) 1990-01-25
ATE48861T1 (de) 1990-01-15

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