EP0158553A1 - Compensated valve for respiratory devices - Google Patents

Compensated valve for respiratory devices Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0158553A1
EP0158553A1 EP19850400494 EP85400494A EP0158553A1 EP 0158553 A1 EP0158553 A1 EP 0158553A1 EP 19850400494 EP19850400494 EP 19850400494 EP 85400494 A EP85400494 A EP 85400494A EP 0158553 A1 EP0158553 A1 EP 0158553A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bowl
lip
seat
valve
expiration
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Granted
Application number
EP19850400494
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0158553B1 (en
Inventor
Raymond Beaussant
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Safran Aerosystems SAS
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Intertechnique SA
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Publication of EP0158553A1 publication Critical patent/EP0158553A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
    • A62B9/02—Valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10S137/908—Respirator control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2544—Supply and exhaust type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to compensated inspiration-expiration valves intended for use in respiratory gas supply devices, in particular for aircrews capable of flying at high altitude. It more particularly relates to compensated inspiration-expiration valves of the type intended to be mounted on an overpressure mask or a pressurized helmet and the gas passage control member of which comprises a deformable membrane of revolution, having a bowl the bottom is provided with a substantially radial lip bearing on an expiration seat.
  • Valves already known comprising a deformable membrane of the above kind, which have the advantage of ensuring both the functions of exhalation valve and of compensating member during operation overpressure, necessary during flights at high altitude. Compensation is ensured by exerting an appropriate pneumatic pressure against the bottom of the bowl, in a direction tending to apply the lip on its seat.
  • the invention aims to provide a valve which responds even better than those previously known to the requirements of practice, in particular in that it is capable of operating in a safe, faithful and reproducible manner under extremely high overpressures and that its operation is not disturbed by significant acceleration factors, in particular due to the low mass of the moving parts.
  • the invention provides in particular an inspiration-expiration valve of the type defined above, characterized in that the bowl is annular and delimits, with the valve housing, an O-ring space subjected to the compensation pressure .
  • a rigid stiffening ring is advantageously fixed to this membrane so as to transmit the forces between the cup and the bearing lip on the expiration seat.
  • This stiffening ring can be fixed to a cylindrical extension connecting the bottom of the bowl and the lip and to the portion of the lip going approximately to the support circle of the lip on the expiration seat.
  • the bowl may have a flat part and two round pleats fixed to the housing by flanges.
  • the shape of the round folds can be such that the area of action of the compensation pressure on the membrane is substantially equal, or slightly greater to ensure overcompensation, than that delimited by the support of the lip on the seat of expiry.
  • the rigid stiffening ring fixed to the membrane and a stop provided in the housing can be arranged so as to limit the swelling of the bowl, advantageously formed so that the center of the round fold (which corresponds approximately to the limit of the area compensation pressure) moves little in the radial direction when the compensation pressure is changed.
  • Overcompensation should remain positive, but as low as possible throughout the range of compensation pressures. It is added to the expiratory pressure losses.
  • the invention makes it possible to avoid the increase in overcompensation with the compensation pressure which occurs in general.
  • An inspiratory valve can be integrated into the membrane in the form of a second lip, directed in the radial direction opposite the support lip on the exhalation seat. At the cost of a slight increase in the diameter of the diaphragm, it is thus possible to carry out all of the valve's functions using a single piece.
  • the compensated inspiration-expiration valve shown in FIG. 1 is housed in a box 6 made of several assembled parts provided with a nozzle 7 for connection with a respiratory mask 8 and with a connection 9 for connection with a source of respiratory gas, constituted by a demand and overpressure regulator (not shown). Inside the end piece 7 is fixed a flared part defining a connection passage with the inside of the mask and forming at its upper part an expiratory valve seat 10.
  • the essential element of the valve consists of a deformable membrane 11 in one piece, of flexible material (silicone elastomer in general) of complex shape, substantially of revolution.
  • This membrane 11 can be viewed as comprising a cup 12 of annular shape, the concentric circular edges of which are provided with external radial edges 14 and internal 16.
  • the edges 14 and 16 are kept applied tightly against an annular part 18 so that the part 18 and the cup 12 define a compensating toric space 20.
  • Calibrated holes 21 drilled in the part 18 put the toric space 20 in communication with the inside the fitting 9 and tend to establish the inlet pressure in the comoensation space 20.
  • the rim 14 is pinched between the part 18 and a ring 22 belonging to the housing.
  • the ring 22 also forms a stop and limits the radial deformation of the bowl 12 towards the outside, as will be seen below.
  • the rim 16 is pinched between the part 18 and a cap 24 pierced with breathing gas inlet openings, fixed to the part 18 by means such as screws 26.
  • An inspiratory valve seat 28 is fixed to the cap 24 by means making it possible to adjust the position of the seat, for example by a threaded connection 30.
  • the bowl 12 of the membrane 11 is extended, opposite the compensation space 20, by a tubular section, approximately cylindrical, which divides into a lip 32, constituting an exhalation valve cooperating with the seat 10, and a lip 34 constituting an inspiration valve and cooperating with the seat 28.
  • the lips 32 and 34 are directed outward and inward, respectively, in the radial direction.
  • the outer lip 32 flat or, preferably, slightly conical, and the tubular section, both thin, are provided with a stiffening ring 36 which will be generally metallic and attached to the membrane.
  • the stiffening ring 36 which extends only over a fraction of the radial projection of the lip 32, usually up to the sealed support circle of the lip 32 on its seat 10, is intended to transmit the forces and, in particular, those due to the compensation pressure, between the bowl and the lip 32.
  • the ring of stiffening 36 also cooperates with the stop 22 to fulfill a function of guiding and limiting the swelling of the bowl 12 when the latter is subjected to a high compensation pressure.
  • the internal lip 34 advantageously has a stepped shape of the kind shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a shape which makes it possible to obtain great flexibility.
  • This form is not the only possible, however. It has been found that it is possible, using the form shown in Figure 2, to arrive at a weight, for the assembly consisting of the membrane 12 and the stiffening ring 36, which does not exceed 300 mg. This great lightness, combined with the fact that the membrane has many supports, allows it to withstand high accelerations without deformation disturbing its operation. It has been found that this operation remains correct under load factors exceeding 15 g.
  • FIG. 2 shows in detail the characteristics of the membrane which allow it to be used with high compensation pressures, which can reach or even exceed 200 mbar.
  • the bowl 12 has a flat part from the tubular extension and outwards. This flat part is connected to two round pleats.
  • the center of the outer round fold is at 38.
  • the membrane is dimensioned so that the effective surface of action of the compensation pressure, the diameter of which extends practically to the center 38, is equal to that of the bearing circle of the lip 32 on the seat 10, or slightly greater so as to ensure slight overcompensation.
  • the thickness of the flat part and of the external round fold of the cuvette is chosen so that when the deformation which occurs when the expiratory overpressure, and therefore the compensation pressure, increases and reaches its maximum value, the center of the round fold remains substantially at the same distance from the axis to come to 38a.
  • Obtaining swelling without'modifica The notable difference in the distance between the center of the fold and the axis is also obtained thanks to the presence of the ring 22, the cylindrical internal wall of which constitutes a stop limiting the deformation of the fold.
  • the ring 36 on its side makes it possible to maintain the central part of the flat area and, therefore, to limit the swelling in the external area, thus contributing to the maintenance of satisfactory compensation.
  • a damping or dashpot effect is obtained.
  • the damping effect can be measured by acting in particular on the diameter of the hole and on the surface represented by the annular zone of width 1 in FIG. 2.
  • the valve shown in Figure 1 also includes a safety check valve 40, interposed on the path of exhaled gases from the exhalation valve to the atmosphere.
  • the valve 40 shown in FIG. 1 consists of a stepped membrane, an internal bulge 42 of which is fixed to the housing 6 and the peripheral part of which is applied elastically against a seat 44 provided on the part 22.
  • This valve can also be designed to ensure NBC (nuclear-bacteriological-chemical) protection by constituting it in an appropriate elastomer, of known type.

Abstract

La soupape, pouvant être montée sur un masque respiratoire pour vols à haute altitude, comporte un organe de commande de passage de gaz constitué par une membrane déformable de révolution (11). Cette membrane est d'une seule pièce. Elle comprend une cuvette (12) dont le fond est muni d'une lèvre sensiblement radiale (32) d'appui sur un siège d'expiration (10). La cuvette (12) est annulaire. Elle délimite un espace torique (20) soumis à la pression de compensation (presssion régnant à l'expiration du régulateur auquel est reliée la soupape). Le fond de la cuvette peut également porter une lèvre (34) constituant clapet d'inspiration.The valve, which can be mounted on a respiratory mask for high altitude flights, comprises a gas passage control member constituted by a deformable membrane of revolution (11). This membrane is in one piece. It comprises a bowl (12), the bottom of which is provided with a substantially radial lip (32) bearing on an expiration seat (10). The bowl (12) is annular. It delimits a toric space (20) subjected to the compensation pressure (pressure prevailing at the expiration of the regulator to which the valve is connected). The bottom of the bowl can also carry a lip (34) constituting an inspiration valve.

Description

L'invention concerne les soupapes d'inspiration- expiration compensées destinées à être utilisées dans les dispositifs d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire, notamment pour les équipages d'avions susceptibles de voler à haute altitude. Elle concerne plus particulièrement les soupapes d'inspiration-expiration compensées du type destiné à être monté sur un masque à surpression ou un casque pressurisé et dont l'organe de commande de passage de gaz comporte une membrane déformable de révolution, ayant une cuvette dont le fond est muni d'une lèvre sensiblement radiale d'appui sur un siège d'expiration.The invention relates to compensated inspiration-expiration valves intended for use in respiratory gas supply devices, in particular for aircrews capable of flying at high altitude. It more particularly relates to compensated inspiration-expiration valves of the type intended to be mounted on an overpressure mask or a pressurized helmet and the gas passage control member of which comprises a deformable membrane of revolution, having a bowl the bottom is provided with a substantially radial lip bearing on an expiration seat.

On connaît déjà (brevet FR 1 557 809) des clapets comportant une membrane déformable du genre ci-dessus, qui ont l'avantage d'assurer tout à la fois les fonctions de clapet d'expiration et d'organe de compensation lors du fonctionnement en surpression, nécessaire lors des vols à haute altitude. La compensation est assurée en exerçant une pression pneumatique appropriée contre le fond de la cuvette, dans une direction tendant à appliquer la lèvre sur son siège.Valves already known (patent FR 1 557 809) comprising a deformable membrane of the above kind, which have the advantage of ensuring both the functions of exhalation valve and of compensating member during operation overpressure, necessary during flights at high altitude. Compensation is ensured by exerting an appropriate pneumatic pressure against the bottom of the bowl, in a direction tending to apply the lip on its seat.

Cette solution s'est montrée pleinement satisfaisante jusqu'aux altitudes couramment atteintes par les avions de combat jusqu'à ces dernières années. Mais les altitudes et les accélérations susceptibles d'être atteintes par les avions en cours de développement conduisent cette membrane à atteindre ses limites. En particulier, il n'est guère possible de dépasser une valeur de 50 mbars pour la pression de compensation agissant sur la cuvette et l'application de facteurs de charge élevés peut provoquer une déformation de la membrane troublant son fonctionnement.This solution has been shown to be fully satisfactory up to the altitudes commonly reached by combat aircraft until recent years. But the altitudes and accelerations likely to be reached by aircraft under development are driving this membrane to reach its limits. In particular, it is hardly possible to exceed a value of 50 mbar for the compensation pressure acting on the bowl and the application of high load factors can cause a deformation of the membrane disturbing its operation.

L'invention vise à fournir une soupape répondant mieux encore que celles antérieurement connues aux exigences de la pratique, notamment en ce qu'elle est susceptible de fonctionner de façon sûre, fidèle et reproductible sous des surpressions extrêmement élevées et que son fonctionnement n'est pas troublé par des facteurs d'accélération importants, du fait notamment de la faible masse des parties mobiles.The invention aims to provide a valve which responds even better than those previously known to the requirements of practice, in particular in that it is capable of operating in a safe, faithful and reproducible manner under extremely high overpressures and that its operation is not disturbed by significant acceleration factors, in particular due to the low mass of the moving parts.

Dans ce but, l'invention propose notamment une soupape d'inspiration-expiration du type ci-dessus défini, caractérisée en ce que la cuvette est annulaire et délimite, avec le boîtier de la soupape, un espace torique soumis à la pression de compensation.To this end, the invention provides in particular an inspiration-expiration valve of the type defined above, characterized in that the bowl is annular and delimits, with the valve housing, an O-ring space subjected to the compensation pressure .

Pour limiter les déformations de la membrane, une bague rigide de raidissement est avantageusement fixée à cette membrane de façon à transmettre les efforts entre la cuvette et la lèvre d'appui sur le siège d'expiration. Cette bague de raidissement peut être fixée à une extension cylindrique reliant le fond de la cuvette et la lèvre et à la portion de la lèvre allant approximativement jusqu'au cercle d'appui de la lèvre sur le siège d'expiration.To limit the deformations of the membrane, a rigid stiffening ring is advantageously fixed to this membrane so as to transmit the forces between the cup and the bearing lip on the expiration seat. This stiffening ring can be fixed to a cylindrical extension connecting the bottom of the bowl and the lip and to the portion of the lip going approximately to the support circle of the lip on the expiration seat.

La cuvette peut comporter une partie plate et deux plis ronds fixés au boîtier par des rebords. La forme des plis ronds peut être telle que l'aire d'action de la pression de compensation sur la membrane soit sensiblement égale, ou légèrement supérieure pour assurer une surcompensation, à celle délimitée par l'appui de la lèvre sur le siège d'expiration. La bague rigide de raidissement fixée à la membrane et une butée prévue dans le boîtier peuvent être disposées de façon à limiter le gonflement de la cuvette, constituée avantageusement de façon que le centre du pli rond(qui correspond approximativement à la limite de l'aire d'action de la pression de compensation)se déplace peu dans le sens radial lors des modifications de la pression de compensation. La surcompensation doit rester positive, mais aussi'faible que possible dans toute la plage des pressions de compensation. Elle s'ajoute aux pertes de charges expiratoires. L'invention permet d'éviter l'augmentation de la surcompensation avec la pression de compensation qui intervient en général.The bowl may have a flat part and two round pleats fixed to the housing by flanges. The shape of the round folds can be such that the area of action of the compensation pressure on the membrane is substantially equal, or slightly greater to ensure overcompensation, than that delimited by the support of the lip on the seat of expiry. The rigid stiffening ring fixed to the membrane and a stop provided in the housing can be arranged so as to limit the swelling of the bowl, advantageously formed so that the center of the round fold (which corresponds approximately to the limit of the area compensation pressure) moves little in the radial direction when the compensation pressure is changed. Overcompensation should remain positive, but as low as possible throughout the range of compensation pressures. It is added to the expiratory pressure losses. The invention makes it possible to avoid the increase in overcompensation with the compensation pressure which occurs in general.

Un clapet inspiratoire peut être intégré à la membrane sous forme d'une seconde lèvre, dirigée dans le sens radial à l'opposé de la lèvre d'appui sur le siège d'expiration. Au prix d'une légère augmentation du diamètre de la membrane, on peut ainsi réaliser l'ensemble des fonctions de la soupape à l'aide d'une seule pièce.An inspiratory valve can be integrated into the membrane in the form of a second lip, directed in the radial direction opposite the support lip on the exhalation seat. At the cost of a slight increase in the diameter of the diaphragm, it is thus possible to carry out all of the valve's functions using a single piece.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit de modes particuliers d'exécution, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. La description se réfère aux dessins qui l'accompagnent, dans lesquels :

  • - la Figure 1 est une vue schématique, en coupe suivant un plan passant par l'axe, d'une soupape d'inspiration-expiration compensée suivant l'invention, destinée à être alimentée par un régulateur à la demande,
  • - la Figure 2 est un schéma à grande échelle, destiné à montrer les modifications de forme de la membrane lorsque la pression de compensation augmente,
  • - la Figure 3 est un schéma, similaire à la Figure 1, montrant une variante de réalisation dont la membrane est dans une oosition inversée par rapport à celle de la Figure 1.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of particular embodiments, given by way of nonlimiting examples. The description refers to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view, in section along a plane passing through the axis, of a compensated inspiration-expiration valve according to the invention, intended to be supplied by a demand regulator,
  • FIG. 2 is a large-scale diagram intended to show the changes in shape of the membrane when the compensation pressure increases,
  • - Figure 3 is a diagram, similar to Figure 1, showing an alternative embodiment, the membrane is in an inverted position relative to that of Figure 1.

La soupape d'inspiration-expiration compensée montrée en Figure 1 est logée dans un boîtier 6 en plusieurs pièces assemblées muni d'un embout 7 de liaison avec un masque respiratoire 8 et d'un raccord 9 de liaison avec une source de gaz respiratoire, constituée par un régulateur à la demande et à surpression (non représenté). A l'intérieur de l'embout 7 est fixée une pièce évasée délimitant un passage de liaison avec l'intérieur du masque et formant à sa partie haute un siège de clapet expiratoire 10.The compensated inspiration-expiration valve shown in FIG. 1 is housed in a box 6 made of several assembled parts provided with a nozzle 7 for connection with a respiratory mask 8 and with a connection 9 for connection with a source of respiratory gas, constituted by a demand and overpressure regulator (not shown). Inside the end piece 7 is fixed a flared part defining a connection passage with the inside of the mask and forming at its upper part an expiratory valve seat 10.

L'élément essentiel de la soupape est constitué par une membrane déformable 11 d'une seule pièce, en matériau souple (élastomère siliconé en général) de forme complexe, sensiblement de révolution. Cette membrane 11 peut être regardée comme comprenant une cuvette 12 de forme annulaire, dont les bords circulaires concentriques sont munis de rebords radiaux externe 14 et interne 16. Les rebords 14 et 16 sont maintenus appliqués de façon étanche contre une pièce annulaire 18 de façon que la pièce 18 et la cuvette 12 définissent un espace torique de compensation 20. Des trous calibrés 21 percés dans la pièce 18 mettent l'espace torique 20 en communication avec l'intérieur du raccord 9 et tendent à établir la pression d'admission dans l'espace de comoensation 20.The essential element of the valve consists of a deformable membrane 11 in one piece, of flexible material (silicone elastomer in general) of complex shape, substantially of revolution. This membrane 11 can be viewed as comprising a cup 12 of annular shape, the concentric circular edges of which are provided with external radial edges 14 and internal 16. The edges 14 and 16 are kept applied tightly against an annular part 18 so that the part 18 and the cup 12 define a compensating toric space 20. Calibrated holes 21 drilled in the part 18 put the toric space 20 in communication with the inside the fitting 9 and tend to establish the inlet pressure in the comoensation space 20.

Le rebord 14 est pincé entre la pièce 18 et une bague 22 appartenant au boîtier. La bague 22 forme également butée et limite la déformation radiale de la cuvette 12 vers l'extérieur, comme on le verra plus loin.The rim 14 is pinched between the part 18 and a ring 22 belonging to the housing. The ring 22 also forms a stop and limits the radial deformation of the bowl 12 towards the outside, as will be seen below.

Le rebord 16 est pincé entre la pièce 18 et une coiffe 24 percée d'ouvertures d'arrivée de gaz respiratoire, fixée à la pièce 18 par des moyens tels que des vis 26. Un siège de clapet inspiratoire 28 est fixé à la coiffe 24 par des moyens permettant de régler la position du siège, par exemple par une liaison filetée 30.The rim 16 is pinched between the part 18 and a cap 24 pierced with breathing gas inlet openings, fixed to the part 18 by means such as screws 26. An inspiratory valve seat 28 is fixed to the cap 24 by means making it possible to adjust the position of the seat, for example by a threaded connection 30.

La cuvette 12 de la membrane 11 se prolonge, à l'opposé de l'espace de compensation 20, par un tronçon tubulaire, approximativement cylindrique, qui se divise en une lèvre 32,constituant clapet d'expiration coopérant avec le siège 10,et une lèvre 34 constituant clapet d'inspiration et coopérant avec le siège 28.'Dans le cas illustré sur la Figure 1, les lèvres 32 et 34 sont respectivement dirigées vers l'extérieur et vers l'intérieur, dans le sens radial.The bowl 12 of the membrane 11 is extended, opposite the compensation space 20, by a tubular section, approximately cylindrical, which divides into a lip 32, constituting an exhalation valve cooperating with the seat 10, and a lip 34 constituting an inspiration valve and cooperating with the seat 28. In the case illustrated in FIG. 1, the lips 32 and 34 are directed outward and inward, respectively, in the radial direction.

La lèvre externe 32, plate ou, de préférence, légèrement conique, et le tronçon tubulaire, l'un et l'autre minces, sont munis d'une bague de raidissement 36 qui sera généralement métallique et rapportée sur la membrane. La bague de raidissement 36, qui ne s'étend que sur une fraction de la saillie radiale de la lèvre 32, habituellement jusqu'au cercle d'appui étanche de la lèvre 32 sur son siège 10, est destinée à transmettre les efforts et, notamment, ceux dûs à la pression de compensation, entre la cuvette et la lèvre 32. On verra plus loin que la bague de raidissement 36 coopère également avec la butée 22 pour remplir une fonction de guidage et de limitation du gonflement de la cuvette 12 lorsque celle-ci est soumise à une pression de compensation élevée.The outer lip 32, flat or, preferably, slightly conical, and the tubular section, both thin, are provided with a stiffening ring 36 which will be generally metallic and attached to the membrane. The stiffening ring 36, which extends only over a fraction of the radial projection of the lip 32, usually up to the sealed support circle of the lip 32 on its seat 10, is intended to transmit the forces and, in particular, those due to the compensation pressure, between the bowl and the lip 32. We will see below that the ring of stiffening 36 also cooperates with the stop 22 to fulfill a function of guiding and limiting the swelling of the bowl 12 when the latter is subjected to a high compensation pressure.

La lèvre interne 34 a avantageusement une forme étagée du genre montré sur les Figures 1 et 2, forme qui permet d'obtenir une grande souplesse. Cette forme n'est cependant pas la seule possible. On a constaté qu'il est possible, en utilisant la forme montrée en Figure 2, d'arriver à un poids,pour l'ensemble constitué de la membrane 12 et de la bague de raidissement 36, qui ne dépasse pas 300 mg. Cette grande légèreté, jointe au fait que la membrane présente de nombreux appuis, lui permet de supporter des accélérations élevées sans déformation troublant son fonctionnement. On a constaté que ce fonctionnement reste correct sous des facteurs de charge dépassant 15 g.The internal lip 34 advantageously has a stepped shape of the kind shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a shape which makes it possible to obtain great flexibility. This form is not the only possible, however. It has been found that it is possible, using the form shown in Figure 2, to arrive at a weight, for the assembly consisting of the membrane 12 and the stiffening ring 36, which does not exceed 300 mg. This great lightness, combined with the fact that the membrane has many supports, allows it to withstand high accelerations without deformation disturbing its operation. It has been found that this operation remains correct under load factors exceeding 15 g.

La Figure 2 montre en détail les caractéristiques de la membrane qui permettent de l'utiliser avec des pressions de compensation élevées, pouvant atteindre ou même dépasser 200 mbars. On voit que la cuvette 12 présente une partie plate à partir de l'extension tubulaire et vers l'extérieur. Cette partie plate se raccorde à deux plis ronds. Lorsque la membrane n'est soumise à aucune pression, et présente la forme montrée en traits pleins sur la Figure 2, le centre du pli rond externe se trouve en 38. La membrane est dimensionnée de façon que la surface efficace d'action de la pression de compensation, dont le diamètre s'étend pratiquement jusqu'au centre 38, soit égale à celle du cercle d'appui de la lèvre 32 sur le siège 10, ou légèrement supérieure de façon à assurer une légère surcompensation. L'épaisseur de la partie plate et du pli rond externe de la cuvette est choisie de façon que lorsque la déformation qui se produit lorsque la surpression expiratoire, et donc la pression de compensation, augmente et atteint sa valeur maximale, le centre du pli rond reste sensiblement à la même distance de l'axe pour venir en 38a. L'obtention d'un gonflement sans'modification notable de la distance entre le centre du pli et l'axe est obtenue également grâce à la présence de la bague 22 dont la paroi interne cylindrique constitue butée limitant la déformation du pli. La bague 36 de son côté permet de maintenir la partie centrale de la zone plate et, donc, de limiter le gonflement à la zone externe, contribuant ainsi au maintien d'une compensation satisfaisante.Figure 2 shows in detail the characteristics of the membrane which allow it to be used with high compensation pressures, which can reach or even exceed 200 mbar. We see that the bowl 12 has a flat part from the tubular extension and outwards. This flat part is connected to two round pleats. When the membrane is not subjected to any pressure, and has the shape shown in solid lines in FIG. 2, the center of the outer round fold is at 38. The membrane is dimensioned so that the effective surface of action of the compensation pressure, the diameter of which extends practically to the center 38, is equal to that of the bearing circle of the lip 32 on the seat 10, or slightly greater so as to ensure slight overcompensation. The thickness of the flat part and of the external round fold of the cuvette is chosen so that when the deformation which occurs when the expiratory overpressure, and therefore the compensation pressure, increases and reaches its maximum value, the center of the round fold remains substantially at the same distance from the axis to come to 38a. Obtaining swelling without'modifica The notable difference in the distance between the center of the fold and the axis is also obtained thanks to the presence of the ring 22, the cylindrical internal wall of which constitutes a stop limiting the deformation of the fold. The ring 36 on its side makes it possible to maintain the central part of the flat area and, therefore, to limit the swelling in the external area, thus contributing to the maintenance of satisfactory compensation.

Du fait que l'espace 20 ne communique avec la pression d'inspiration que par un passage calibré 21 qui peut être de petit diamètre (habituellement 0,5 à 1 mm), on obtient un effet d'amortissement ou de dashpot. L'effet d'amortissement peut être dosé en agissant en particulier sur le diamètre du trou et sur la surface représentée par la zone annulaire de largeur 1 sur la Figure 2.Because the space 20 communicates with the inspiration pressure only through a calibrated passage 21 which can be of small diameter (usually 0.5 to 1 mm), a damping or dashpot effect is obtained. The damping effect can be measured by acting in particular on the diameter of the hole and on the surface represented by the annular zone of width 1 in FIG. 2.

La soupape montrée en Figure 1 comprend encore un clapet antiretour de sécurité 40, interposé sur le trajet des gaz expirés de la soupape d'expiration vers l'atmosphère. Le clapet 40 montré en Figure 1 est constitué par une membrane étagée dont un renflement interne 42 est fixé au boîtier 6 et dont la partie périphérique vient s'appliquer élastiquement contre un siège 44 prévu sur la pièce 22. Ce clapet peut également être conçu pour assurer une protection NBC (nucléaire- bactériologique-chimique) en le constituant en un élastomère approprié, de type connu.The valve shown in Figure 1 also includes a safety check valve 40, interposed on the path of exhaled gases from the exhalation valve to the atmosphere. The valve 40 shown in FIG. 1 consists of a stepped membrane, an internal bulge 42 of which is fixed to the housing 6 and the peripheral part of which is applied elastically against a seat 44 provided on the part 22. This valve can also be designed to ensure NBC (nuclear-bacteriological-chemical) protection by constituting it in an appropriate elastomer, of known type.

La disposition montrée en Figure 1 n'est pas la seule possible. Dans le cas montré sur la Figure 3, où les organes correspondant à ceux de la Figure 1 portent le même numéro de référence, la disposition est inversée. La lèvre 32 coopérant avec le siège expiratoire 10 est placée, dans le sens radial, à l'intérieur de la lèvre 34 coopérant avec le siège inspiratoire 28.The arrangement shown in Figure 1 is not the only possible one. In the case shown in Figure 3, where the bodies corresponding to those of Figure 1 have the same reference number, the arrangement is reversed. The lip 32 cooperating with the expiratory seat 10 is placed, in the radial direction, inside the lip 34 cooperating with the inspiratory seat 28.

Claims (10)

1. Soupape d'inspiration-expiration compensée destinée à être utilisée dans un dispositif d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire, comprenant une membrane déformable de révolution (11), ayant une cuvette (12) dont le fond est fixé à une lèvre sensiblement radiale (32) d'appui sur un siège d'expiration (10), caractérisée en ce que ladite cuvette (12) est annulaire et délimite un espace torique (20) soumis à la pression de compensation.1. Compensated inspiration-expiration valve intended to be used in a respiratory gas supply device, comprising a deformable membrane of revolution (11), having a bowl (12) the bottom of which is fixed to a substantially radial lip ( 32) bearing on an expiration seat (10), characterized in that said bowl (12) is annular and delimits a toric space (20) subjected to the compensation pressure. 2. Soupape selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une bague rigide de raidissement (36) fixée à la membrane pour transmettre les efforts entre la cuvette (12) et la lèvre (32).2. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a rigid stiffening ring (36) fixed to the membrane to transmit the forces between the bowl (12) and the lip (32). 3. Soupape selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que ladite bague (36) est fixée à une extension cylindrique reliant le fond de la cuvette (12) et la lèvre (32) et à la portion de la lèvre (32) allant jusqu'au cercle d'appui de la lèvre sur le siège d'expiration.3. Valve according to claim 2, characterized in that said ring (36) is fixed to a cylindrical extension connecting the bottom of the bowl (12) and the lip (32) and to the portion of the lip (32) up to 'to the support circle of the lip on the expiration seat. 4. Soupape selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que la cuvette comporte une partie plate et deux plis ronds fixés par des rebords (14, 16) au boitier de la soupape, de forme telle que l'aire d'action de la pression de compensation sur la cuvette soit sensiblement égale ou légèrement supérieure à celle délimitée par l'appui de la lèvre (32) sur le siège d'expiration (10).4. Valve according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the bowl has a flat part and two round pleats fixed by flanges (14, 16) to the valve housing, of a shape such that the area of action of the compensation pressure on the bowl is substantially equal to or slightly greater than that delimited by the support of the lip (32) on the expiration seat (10). 5. Soupape selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le boitier comporte une butée (22) de limitation du gonflement de la cuvette dans le sens radial.5. Valve according to claim 4, characterized in that the housing includes a stop (22) for limiting the swelling of the bowl in the radial direction. 6. Soupape selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le fond de la cuvette est également muni d'une seconde lèvre (34) dirigée à l'opposé de la lèvre d'appui sur le siège d'expiration et constituant clapet d'inspiration.6. Valve according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom of the bowl is also provided with a second lip (34) directed opposite the support lip on the exhalation seat and constituting the inspiration valve. 7. Soupape selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'espace torique (20) est relié à la pression d'inspiration par l'intermédiaire d'un orifice calibré (21) de façon à constituer un amortisseur.7. Valve according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the toric space (20) is connected to the inspiration pressure by means of a calibrated orifice (21) so as to constitute a damper. 8. Soupape selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un clapet antiretour (40) interposé sur le trajet des gaz expirés entre le siège expiratoire (10) et l'atmosphère.8. Valve according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a non-return valve (40) interposed on the path of the exhaled gases between the expiratory seat (10) and the atmosphere. 9. Soupape selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la lèvre d'appui sur le siège d'expiration est située à l'intérieur de la lèvre coopérant avec le siège d'inspiration, dans le sens radial.9. Valve according to claim 6, characterized in that the bearing lip on the expiration seat is located inside the lip cooperating with the inspiration seat, in the radial direction. 10. Soupape d'inspiration-expiration compensée destinée à être utilisée dans un dispositif d'alimentation en gaz respiratoire, comprenant une membrane déformable de révolution (11), ayant une cuvette d'une seule pièce (12) dont le fond est fixé à une lèvre approximativement radiale (32) d'appui sur un siège d'expiration (10), caractérisée en ce que ladite cuvette (12) est annulaire et délimite un espace torique (20) soumis à la pression de compensation, en ce que le fond de la cuvette est relié à la lèvre par un tronçon tubulaire raide et en ce que la cuvette comporte une partie plate et deux plis ronds fixés par des rebords (14, 16) au boîtier de la soupape.10. Compensated inspiration-expiration valve intended to be used in a respiratory gas supply device, comprising a deformable membrane of revolution (11), having a one-piece bowl (12) the bottom of which is fixed to an approximately radial lip (32) bearing on an expiration seat (10), characterized in that said bowl (12) is annular and delimits a toric space (20) subjected to the compensation pressure, in that the bottom of the bowl is connected to the lip by a stiff tubular section and in that the bowl has a flat part and two round pleats fixed by flanges (14, 16) to the valve housing.
EP19850400494 1984-03-14 1985-03-14 Compensated valve for respiratory devices Expired EP0158553B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8403945 1984-03-14
FR8403945A FR2563739B1 (en) 1984-03-14 1984-03-14 COMPENSATED VALVE FOR RESPIRATORY GAS SUPPLY DEVICE

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EP0158553A1 true EP0158553A1 (en) 1985-10-16
EP0158553B1 EP0158553B1 (en) 1988-05-11

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EP19850400494 Expired EP0158553B1 (en) 1984-03-14 1985-03-14 Compensated valve for respiratory devices

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US (1) US4616646A (en)
EP (1) EP0158553B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3562557D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2563739B1 (en)

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WO2018077618A1 (en) * 2016-10-24 2018-05-03 Hamilton Medical Ag Exhalation valve for a ventilator apparatus with a valve configuration for reducing noise emission

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FR2614118B1 (en) * 1987-04-15 1989-07-13 Intertechnique Sa REGULATOR ON REQUEST FOR RESPIRATORY GAS SUPPLY
US6039045A (en) * 1987-04-22 2000-03-21 Intertechnique Head harness for respiratory mask
US4823828A (en) * 1987-05-28 1989-04-25 Mcginnis Gerald E Pressure relief valve
US4915106A (en) * 1988-02-26 1990-04-10 Puritan-Bennett Corporation Crew oxygen mask with pneumatic comfort adjustment
DE4012485C1 (en) * 1989-10-17 1990-12-13 Draegerwerk Ag, 2400 Luebeck, De
US5101816A (en) * 1990-06-05 1992-04-07 Gentex Corporation Separable valve assembly
FR2695976B1 (en) * 1992-09-24 1994-12-02 Intertechnique Sa Compensated regulation valve.
SE502129C2 (en) * 1993-11-05 1995-08-28 Poseidon Ind Ab Valve device and respirator including such valve device
US5704073A (en) 1995-08-01 1998-01-06 Figgie International Inc. Quick donning goggles for use with breathing mask
AUPO517197A0 (en) * 1997-02-18 1997-04-11 Safety Equipment Australia Pty Ltd Pressure compensating valve
US5954052A (en) * 1997-05-21 1999-09-21 Nellcor Puritan-Bennett Safety stowage apparatus for crew oxygen masks

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FR826535A (en) * 1936-12-15 1938-04-01 S Van Der Windt & Cie Inhalation valve, pressure regulator, for breathing apparatus
FR1205518A (en) * 1957-04-24 1960-02-03 British Oxygen Co Ltd Dispenser for inhalation device
CH362603A (en) * 1957-12-11 1962-06-15 Draeger Otto Heinrich Dr Lung-controlled diaphragm valve for breathing apparatus with nutrient gas supply
FR1557809A (en) * 1967-12-19 1969-02-21

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018077618A1 (en) * 2016-10-24 2018-05-03 Hamilton Medical Ag Exhalation valve for a ventilator apparatus with a valve configuration for reducing noise emission
US11383061B2 (en) 2016-10-24 2022-07-12 Hamilton Medical Ag Exhalation valve for a ventilator apparatus with a valve configuration for reducing noise emission

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0158553B1 (en) 1988-05-11
US4616646A (en) 1986-10-14
FR2563739B1 (en) 1988-11-04
FR2563739A1 (en) 1985-11-08
DE3562557D1 (en) 1988-06-16

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