EP0156793B1 - Means for mounting a door handle assembly to a door lock - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for fastening a door handle unit with two door handles in a door lock, with a mandrel provided for connecting the two door handles, which has a corresponding non-circular cross-section for non-rotatable mounting in a non-circular opening of the door lock nut, and which is in the normal operating position is cross-divided within the nut section, the two mandrel parts being releasably connected to one another.

Various techniques have already been proposed for fastening lever handles. Usually, in most door handle units, one door handle part, to which the square mandrel is firmly attached, is inserted through the door lock or the square opening in the nut of the door lock, and the so-called handle hole part is then attached from the other side and by means of a split pin or an Allen screw on the mandrel. Such systems are in widespread use and are also described, for example, in AT-B-240725 or AT-B-336 435. In the latter AT-B it is further described to provide the mandrel with a threaded part which is screwed into an internal thread of one handle or pusher, whereas it is inserted into the other handle with the shaft and secured there by means of a screw protruding into a groove becomes.

In these known solutions, it is disadvantageous that the assembly of the door handles is relatively complicated, and in addition the loosening of the door handles, in particular in the case of a pin lock, sometimes presents difficulties. On the other hand, securing with a screw is also unreliable insofar as this screw often loosens over time, so that the pusher hole part separates from the mandrel.

In order to remedy this, various other solutions have already been proposed, all of which are essentially based on wedging or spreading the mandrel in the respective door handle. In this connection, reference can be made, for example, to AT-B-72 540, 210 312, 211 700, 213 736, 214 807, but also 306 574 and 333 614. These solutions are all disadvantageous in that they are partially extremely complex mechanisms are based, with which a great manufacturing effort is connected, and moreover, with many of these solutions a later removal of the lever handles is difficult.

In the handle attachment according to the already mentioned AT-B-336 435 as well as in the door handle safety device according to AT-B-30 796, in which the mandrel is also simply screwed into one of the door handles, it is also disadvantageous that after repeated Actuation of the door handle or the door handles a gradual unscrewing of the mandrel in the threaded hole of the door handle or the handle can take place, so that this door handle or this handle is finally released.

From US-A-626 342 a device with a split mandrel and with springs resting against the back of the mandrel parts is known, but the spring-loaded mounting of the mandrel parts only serves to press the mandrel parts against one another. The mandrel parts themselves are not connected to each other, so that a separate device for fastening the buttons or pushers is required, storage in tubular bearing parts and fixation in these being described with the aid of snap rings. This known solution is therefore complex and complicated.

In the handle attachment for door locks and the like described in DE-35 323, resiliently supported spindle parts are present, here too no direct connection of the spindle parts to one another is provided, but merely a positive fixing of their heads in special cavities in the nut. It can be seen that this training involves a complicated manufacture of the spindle parts as well as in particular the nut.

US-A-503 2 $ 3 and 565 108 finally describe generic devices in which a cross-split mandrel is provided, the two mandrel parts being screwed together. However, in order to establish the screw connection between the two mandrel parts, a screw is provided which extends as a separate component through the one half of the mandrel, and must be screwed into the other half of the mandrel when the button or pusher is removed. The result of this is that additional, relatively complex measures are also required here in order to attach or detach the respective button or pusher or to allow access to the screw head.

The invention is an object of the invention to provide a device of the type mentioned, with which the installation or removal of the door handle unit is made possible in the simplest way, and which is nevertheless effectively secured in the attached state against loosening of the door handle, furthermore a simple one , inexpensive production should be possible.

The inventive device of the type mentioned is characterized in that a spring means is assigned to the mandrel and the mandrel is longitudinally displaceable relative to the nut against the force of this spring means, the length of the displacement path being at least equal to the distance of the mandrel division plane from the nut outside, and so on to be able to connect or detach the two mandrel parts when the mandrel is displaced by mutual rotation. In the present device, the two mandrel parts can thus only be rotated relative to one another, and in particular in the process screwed or unscrewed from each other when they have been displaced in their longitudinal direction relative to the nut, against the force of a correspondingly dimensioned spring. This spring force should be such that, when the door handle unit is installed, sufficient resistance to displacement of the mandrel with the door handles is opposed when one of the door handles is actuated to open or close the door. On the other hand, the spring must of course allow for a deliberate displacement of the mandrel so that the two mandrel parts can be connected or detached from one another. In tests, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the spring device has a spring force of approximately 20 to 50 N, possibly up to 70 N or even 100 N.

During assembly, the procedure is accordingly such that one lever handle with the associated mandrel part is pushed into the nut opening and then pressed against the force of the spring with the mandrel part to the opposite side of the door lock, after which the other lever handle is pressed from the other side the other mandrel part is connected to it by twisting, in particular screwed. With appropriately aligned mandrel parts or door handles, the door handle unit is then snapped back, so that both mandrel parts are then locked in the opening in the nut of the door lock and are thus secured against rotation.

In this normal operating position, i.e. in that position in which the division point of the mandrel lies within the nut of the door lock, both mandrel parts within the nut are rotatably connected to it, so that in this position twisting and thus loosening of one or the other lever handle is prevented in a simple and effective manner is. The main advantages of the device according to the invention are therefore simple assembly, likewise simple generation and furthermore secure attachment of the handle unit without the possibility of loosening or pulling out of a handle, and it is also favorable that there is no visible lever handle on the door handle or the above fastening or securing device. Furthermore, it is also favorable that retrofitting existing door locks with devices or door handle units designed according to the invention is possible without problems, without changes to the door lock itself. Especially when the door leaf in which the door lock is attached, to which the lever handle unit to be attached belongs, is provided with rather small recesses or holes for the lever handles. Low-cost for simple assembly if a coil spring is provided as the spring means, which surrounds the one mandrel part and is supported on the one hand on the door handle connected to this mandrel part or on a flange part connected to it and on the other hand on the door lock. In this case, one of the door handles with the helical spring pushed onto the associated mandrel part is advantageously inserted into the nut from one side, the diameter of the helical spring being, for example, approximately the same as the diameter of the extension or shaft of the door handle.

If larger, elongated or round recesses are provided in the door leaf for inserting the lever handles, a sectional or side view of a substantially C-shaped leaf spring or plate spring can advantageously be provided as a spring means for manufacturing reasons, which is supported at the end on the door lock and in The middle section, which is at a distance from the door lock, has an opening through which the one mandrel part extends, the edge surrounding the opening abutting the associated door handle or a flange part connected to it. Depending on whether the recesses in the door leaf are elongated or circular, a strip-shaped leaf spring or a round disc spring can be used. Of course, a leaf spring could also be provided in the case of a round recess in the door leaf. In order to additionally simplify the assembly or removal of the door handle unit, it is also advantageous if the leaf or plate spring with its flange-like outwardly bent edge or edges is firmly attached to the door lock, e.g. B. screwed or soldered.

In order to prevent the respective spring from falling off during the various assembly movements when installing and removing the door handle unit, it is also advantageous if the coil, leaf or plate spring is seated on the mandrel part in a clamped fit.

Since, when a door is closed by pulling it shut, a relatively strong (pulling) force is exerted on the door handle unit without the closing movement of the door being supported by being pressed with the other hand, it is furthermore according to the invention to in this case a to prevent unwanted displacement of the door handle unit relative to the door lock or to the door, advantageous if the spring means are seated on the mandrel part assigned to that door handle, which is directed in the opposite direction to the opening direction of the door.

As already mentioned, a quick connection in the form of a bayonet lock can be provided to connect the two mandrel parts. For manufacturing reasons, however, it is advantageous to provide a screw connection, and if the one of the two mandrel parts has an axial threaded bore opening on the end, the other of the two mandrel parts is simply designed with an end threaded pin that fits into the threaded bore.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing.

• Fig. 1 die Teile einer Türdrückereinheit in auseinandergezogener Darstellung,
• Fig. 2 diese Türdrückereinheit im montierten Zustand, wobei das Türblatt und das Türschloß schematisch im Schnitt veranschaulicht sind,
• Fig. 3 eine etwas abgewandelte Türdrückereinheit, ebenfalls im montierten Zustand, in einer teilweise geschnittenen Ansicht ähnlich jener gemäß Fig. 2, und die Fig. 4 und 5 eine weitere Türdrückereinheit während des Einbaus (Fig. 4) bzw. im eingebauten Zustand (Fig. 5), in den Fig. 2 und 3 im Prinzip entsprechenden, jedoch um 90° verdrehten Ansichten.

Show it :

• 1 shows the parts of a lever handle unit in an exploded view,
• 2 this lever handle unit in the assembled state, the door leaf and the door lock being illustrated schematically in section,
• 3 shows a somewhat modified lever handle unit, also in the assembled state, in a partially sectioned view similar to that according to FIG. 2, and FIGS. 4 and 5 a further lever handle unit during installation (FIG. 4) or in the installed state (FIG 5), in Figs. 2 and 3 in principle corresponding, but rotated by 90 ° views.

In the door handle unit illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, an inner door handle 1 and an outer door handle 2 are provided. “Inner” means the side with respect to the door that is opposite to the opening direction of the door. In Fig. 2 the door leaf of a door is schematically illustrated at 3, the inside with I and the outside with A and furthermore the opening direction is indicated by an arrow 4. According to the representation in FIG. 2, the door frame, not illustrated in the drawing, is to the left of the door leaf 3.

The inner lever handle 1 has a mandrel part 5, which is formed in a conventional manner by a square cross section, and the longer than another mandrel part 6, which belongs to the outer door handle 2, and also by a square, square cross section , is formed. The two mandrel parts 5, 6 each protrude from the respective door handle 1 or 2, forming a shoulder 7 or 8.

The mandrel part 5 of the inner door handle 1 carries at the end an axial threaded pin 9 which can be screwed into a threaded bore 10 of the other, outer door handle 2 so that the two door handles can be connected to one another. On the mandrel part 5 of the inner door handle 1, a coil spring 11 is also arranged, which has approximately the same diameter as the door handle 1 and is supported on the shoulder 7. The helical spring 11 can have a narrowed end turn in the region of the shoulder 7, so that it sits in a kind of clamp fit on the square mandrel part 5.

2 shows this lever handle unit in the state in which it is fastened in a door or in a door lock 12. It can be seen that the two mandrel parts 5, 6 abut one another with their end faces and thus together form a mandrel divided in the plane of their end faces. The division plane runs approximately in the middle of the door lock 12 or of its nut 12a. The door lock 12 or its nut 12a has an opening corresponding in cross section to the cross section of the mandrel parts 5, 6, as is conventional per se, and in this opening 13 the two mandrel parts 5, 6 are rotatably but axially displaceably mounted. In the assembled state (normal operating position) according to FIG. 2, the outer door handle 2 rests with its shoulder (8 in FIG. 1) on the right side of the door lock 12 in FIG. 2. On the other hand, the shoulder (7 in FIG. 1) of the inner door handle is at a distance from the left side of the door lock 12 in FIG. 2, and the coil spring 11 (FIG. 1) is supported on the side of the door lock 12, whereby it is in the 1 is compressed and thus exerts a force on the inner door handle 1 in the direction away from the door leaf 3. In this arrangement, the door handle unit can be seen relative to the door lock 12 by a certain distance which is greater than the distance of the parting plane of the two mandrel parts 5, 6 from the right side of the door lock 12 in Fig. 2, to the right, as with an arrow 14 is illustrated, namely against the force of the screw spring 11. In other words, the shoulder 7 of the inner door handle 1 is at a greater distance from the side of the door lock 12 facing it than the parting plane of the two mandrel parts 5, 6 from the opposite one Side of the door lock 12, and it can therefore, if the door handle unit is to be removed, this door handle unit as a whole be moved to the right until the parting plane between the two mandrel parts 5, 6 lies outside the opening in the nut 12a of the door lock 12, after which the outer door handle 2 can be rotated to unscrew it from the threaded pin 9 of the inner door handle 1.

Conversely, when installing the door handle unit, the inner door handle 1 with its mandrel part 5 is first inserted into the opening 1 in the nut of the door lock 12 and pushed so far against the force of the coil spring 11 that the end face of the mandrel part 5 is on the opposite side of the Door lock 12 appears. Then the outer door handle 2 is screwed onto the threaded pin 9 of the inner door handle 1 until the two end faces of the mandrel parts 5, 6 abut at least substantially against one another, and until the two door handles 1, 2 and their mandrel parts 5, 6 are aligned with one another. Then the door handle unit with the door handles 1, 2 connected in this way snap back due to the spring force of the screw pressure spring 11, so that now the mandrel part 6 of the outer door handle 2 comes to rest in the opening 13 in the nut 12a of the door lock 12 and thereby against one Twisting is secured relative to the nut. By means of this rotation lock, the outer door handle 2 is also secured against rotation relative to the inner door handle 1, so that the connection produced cannot be released in this normal operating position. Only when the lever handle unit is moved to the right against the spring force, as described above, can it be released by turning the outer lever handle 2.

In FIG. 2, conventional key plates 15, 16 are also shown, which are used to mount the door handles 1, 2, as is known per se. Furthermore, a conventional recess 17 in the door leaf 3 is illustrated in FIG. 2, through which the lever handles 1, 2 are turned on can be added, and which is covered by the key plates 15, 16.

In a practical embodiment, the thickness of the square mandrel parts was 8.5 mm, and the threaded pin 9 had an M6 thread. The diameter of the door handles 1, 2 at least in the shaft sections adjacent to the mandrel parts was approximately 16 mm, and a coil spring with a spring force of approximately 50 N was provided as the spring. The material thickness of the coil spring made of steel was approximately 1.5 mm.

The door handle unit according to FIG. 3 largely corresponds to that according to FIG. 2, so that a new detailed explanation of this door handle unit may be unnecessary. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, in the door handle unit according to FIG. 3, instead of the helical spring 11, a plate spring 18 'is provided which, as shown in the side view, is essentially C-shaped and has a flange 19 which is bent outward in the manner of a flange bears laterally on the door lock 12. In its central section, which is at a distance from the door lock 12, this plate spring 18 'has an opening 20 through which the inner lever handle 1 with its mandrel part 5 is inserted. The edge of this opening 20 is supported on the shoulder 7 of the lever handle 1. The operation of this arrangement according to FIG. 3 is completely identical to that according to FIG. 2, so that it does not need to be repeated. The recess 17 in the door leaf 3 in the case of FIG. 3 is larger in cross section than that according to FIG. 2.

In principle, it is also possible to provide the recess 17 oblong, with the longitudinal axis transverse to the plane of the drawing according to FIG. 3, and to use a strip-shaped leaf spring 18, the longitudinal extension of which extends parallel to the longitudinal direction of this elongate recess 17 (i.e. transverse to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 3) ). Such a configuration is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the plane of the drawing in these FIGS. 4 and 5 being rotated by 90 ° in comparison to FIG. 2 or 3, i.e. instead of a horizontal cut, a vertical cut through the door leaf with the handle unit is illustrated.

4 and 5, the outer lever handle 2 carries a mandrel part 6 provided with a threaded pin 9, whereas the mandrel part 5 provided on the inner door lever 1 has an associated threaded bore 10. Furthermore, this arrangement differs from the previous one in that an elongated, strip-shaped leaf spring 18 is provided, which rests with its upper end and lower end on the door lock 12 and there, for example by screwing, soldering, gluing or the like the door handle 1, 2 is attached, as schematically illustrated at 21 in FIG. Thereafter, when the handle is assembled, the inner handle 1 with its mandrel part 5 is again through an opening 20 in the central web part of the leaf spring 18 (which can be, for example, 1/2 cm-1 cm wide and made of spring steel) and through a square opening 13 in the nut 12a of the door lock 12 is pushed in and pushed through until the square 5 appears on the opposite, outer side and the outer handle 2 with its mandrel part 5 or its threaded pin 9 can be screwed in. The unit then snaps back according to the force of the leaf spring 18 into the normal operating position shown in FIG. 5, in which the two mandrel parts 5, 6 are secured against mutual expansion by the nut 12a, as has already been explained in detail above.

If the invention has been explained above on the basis of particularly preferred exemplary embodiments, further modifications and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention, as set out in claims 1-7. So it is in particular also possible, instead of the screw connection between the two mandrel parts 5, 6, as described, to provide another type of connection coupled with a twist, such as in particular a bayonet lock connection, as is known per se and requires no additional explanation here . In principle, springs other than those shown are also conceivable, such as, in particular, multilayer leaf springs. Above all, an elastically compressible rubber ring, rubber block or the like can also be used as a spring or spring means. B. sits on one, inner mandrel part with a tight fit. In the case of FIG. 3, the plate spring 18 '(or also a corresponding leaf spring) can be seated on the mandrel part 5. The mandrel parts 5, 6 can also, as is known per se, be made both in one piece with the pushers 1, 2 and as separate parts which are subsequently connected to the pushers, e.g. B. poured into them.

Claims (7)

1. A system for securing a door handle unit having two door handles in a door lock, the unit having a spindle which is operative to interconnect the two door handles and which has a cross- section other than round to match a corresponding aperture other than round in the follower of the door lock for mounting in such aperture without rotation relatively thereto, that part of the spindle which in the normal operating position is in the follower being transversely divided, the two spindle parts being releasably interconnected, characterised in that spring means (11 ; 18, 18') are associated with the spindle and the same is movable lengthwise against the force of the spring means (11 ; 18, 18') relatively to the follower (12a), the length of such movement being at least equal to the distance between the plane of division of the spindle and the outside of the follower, so that when the spindle has been moved its two parts (5, 6) can be interconnected or released from one another by being turned relatively to one another.

2. A system according to claim 1, characterised in that the spring. means (11) take the form of a helical spring which extends around one spindle part (5), bears at one end on the door handle (1) connected to the last-mentioned spindle partor on a flange part connected to the door handle (1) and bears at its other end on the door lock (12).

3. A system according to claim 1, characterised in-that the spring means (18, 18') are in the form of a spring strip or cup spring which in section or in side elevation is substantially C-shaped, which bears at its end on the door lock (12) and which is formed in its central part distant therefrom with an aperture (20) through which one spindle part (5) extends, the edge which extends around the aperture (20) engaging the associated door handle (1) or a flange part connected thereto.

4. A system according to claim 3, characterised in that the spring strip or cup spring (18, 18') is rigidly secured, for example, by screwing or soldering, by way of its edge or edges (19) to the lock (12), such edge or edges being bent outwardly flange-fashion.

5. A system according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the helical spring or spring strip or cup spring (11 ; 18, 18') is a clamping fit on the spindle part (5).

6. A system according to any of claims 1-5, characterised in that the spring means (11 ; 18, 18') are disposed on the spindle part (5) associated with whichever door handle is directed oppositely to the opening direction (4) of the door.

7. A system according to any of claims 1-6, one of the two spindle parts (5, 6) being formed with. an axial tapped bore (10) opening on to its end face, characterised in that the other spindle part or both spindle parts has or have an end-face screwthreaded pin (9) engaging in the tapped bore (10).

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