EP0155895A1 - Method for making flat display screens and flat screens made according to this method - Google Patents

Method for making flat display screens and flat screens made according to this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0155895A1
EP0155895A1 EP85430005A EP85430005A EP0155895A1 EP 0155895 A1 EP0155895 A1 EP 0155895A1 EP 85430005 A EP85430005 A EP 85430005A EP 85430005 A EP85430005 A EP 85430005A EP 0155895 A1 EP0155895 A1 EP 0155895A1
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Prior art keywords
screen
screens
modulation
electrons
tip
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EP85430005A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0155895B1 (en
EP0155895B2 (en
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Jean-Paul Biberian
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Biberian Jean-Paul
SURFACES LAB ET SARL
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Priority to AT85430005T priority Critical patent/ATE44114T1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/12—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen
    • H01J31/123—Flat display tubes
    • H01J31/125—Flat display tubes provided with control means permitting the electron beam to reach selected parts of the screen, e.g. digital selection
    • H01J31/127—Flat display tubes provided with control means permitting the electron beam to reach selected parts of the screen, e.g. digital selection using large area or array sources, i.e. essentially a source for each pixel group

Definitions

  • the conventional television tube with scanning of the electron beam cannot be reduced in thickness for physical reasons: distortion of the image if the beam arrives too grazing on the screen, and lack of precision to reach the masks on the screen in the case of color. Furthermore, the dimensions of the screen cannot be thoughtlessly increased for reasons of vacuum and therefore of resistance of the materials to pressure.
  • liquid crystals are attractive because they have a very low electrical consumption but they require, on the other hand, an external source of light to be visible. In addition, it is very difficult to make grayscale gradations, and to produce color images.
  • the invention also relates to flat display screens obtained by implementing the above method.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an alternative embodiment of a flat display screen implementing the principle of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 1 The basic principle of the invention shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 essentially consists in using as field source microtips as the electron source.
  • a field emission tip such that 1, having a radius of curvature of a few hundred Angstrom, emits electrons e simply by applying an electric field between the tip 1 and a fluorescent screen 2 thanks to the potential E.
  • a simple solution for manufacturing a flat display screen according to the invention consists, as shown diagrammatically in Figure 2, to connect the one hand, the tips in lines, for exam- p the spikes 1 A1, 1 B1 , 1 C1 ... along line L A1 ; points 1 A2 ' 1 B2 , 1C2 ... along line L A2 ; points 1 A3 , 1 B3 , 1 C3 ... along line L A3 etc ...; on the other hand, the screens in columns 2 A , 2 B , 2 C ...
  • This arrangement makes it possible to produce, by matrixing and row-to-column addressing, successive light points to be emitted on the screen.
  • the tips can be produced by deposition or etching techniques using the conventional methods of microelectronics, that is to say masking and then wet etching in acid baths or dry etching by plasma or particle beam.
  • the different columns of the screen are made of transparent material, for example glass, covered with a metallic film and a fluorescent material.
  • each light point In order to eliminate the problem of manufacturing a large number of microtips having very close radii of curvature, and also to overcome the possible failure of one of these points, it is advantageous to constitute each light point by a set of several microtips.
  • the type of screen configuration according to the invention that has just been described is of the diode type, and constitutes the simplest solution from the conceptual point of view, but problems appear at the level of the control voltages. Indeed, for the electron extraction voltage E to be low enough to allow rapid switching, the tip-screen distance must be of the order of a few microns, which obviously creates technical manufacturing problems.
  • FIG. 3 A solution, both more advanced and simpler, of the invention facilitating the problems of rapid switching and making it possible to considerably reduce the technical problems which have just been mentioned above, is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3.
  • This solution essentially consists in using a triode type assembly with a control grid 3 which makes it possible to modulate the electric intensity.
  • the invention makes it possible to solve the above problem simply and effectively by adopting the tetrode type arrangement shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • This arrangement comprises, as in the previous cases, for each unit light point, a field emission tip 1, a fluorescent screen 2, a first extraction grid 3, a second extraction grid 4.

Abstract

A device and method for formation of images with flat video screens by a line- and column-addressed point matrix. Field point matrix uses field emission micro tips as fluorescent screen portions being connected in columns. An electric field is applied between each tip and the fluorescent screen portion corresponding thereto, such that the respective tip emits electrons and a light spot is formed on the video screen, the intensity of which depends upon the applied voltage for attracting electrons. Emission from other tips is blocked by applying a negative voltage to the other columns. Thus, by successive switchings, successive luminous spots are formed on the video screen as desired.

Description

On sait que dans le domaine des écrans de visualisation plats, différentes techniques ont été proposées. Le système idéal devrait être capable de générer à la fois des écrans de petites et grandes dimensions, d'être compatible pour le noir et blanc aussi bien que la couleur, d'avoir une faible consommation électrique, et d'être de fabrication simple.We know that in the field of flat display screens, different techniques have been proposed. The ideal system should be able to generate both small and large screens, be compatible for black and white as well as color, have low power consumption, and be simple to manufacture.

Le tube classique de télévision avec balayage du faisceau d'électrons ne peut pas être réduit en épaisseur pour des raisons physiques : distorsion de l'image si le faisceau arrive trop rasant sur l'écran, et manque de précision pour atteindre les masques sur l'écran dans le cas de la couleur. Par ailleurs, les dimensions de l'écran ne peuvent pas être augmentées d'une manière inconsidérée pour des raisons de vide et donc, de résistance des matériaux à la pression.The conventional television tube with scanning of the electron beam cannot be reduced in thickness for physical reasons: distortion of the image if the beam arrives too grazing on the screen, and lack of precision to reach the masks on the screen in the case of color. Furthermore, the dimensions of the screen cannot be thoughtlessly increased for reasons of vacuum and therefore of resistance of the materials to pressure.

On s'oriente donc plutôt vers la formation d'images non pas par un faisceau balayé, mais par une matrice de points adressée ligne-colonne.We therefore tend rather to form images not by a scanned beam, but by a matrix of points addressed row-column.

Dans ce domaine, les cristaux liquides sont attirants car ils ont une très faible consommations électrique mais ils nécessitent, par contre, une source extérieure de lumière pour être visibles. Par ailleurs,il est très difficile de faire des dégradés dans les niveaux de gris, et de produire des images en couleur.In this area, liquid crystals are attractive because they have a very low electrical consumption but they require, on the other hand, an external source of light to be visible. In addition, it is very difficult to make grayscale gradations, and to produce color images.

D'autres techniques ont été proposées pour la réalisation d'écrans plats. L'une d'elles utilise une microdécharge plasma dans un gaz comme source d'électrons, ces électrons étant ensuite attirés vers un écran fluorescent. Un adressage ligne-colonne permet d'allumer le point désiré de l'écran. Malheureusement, l'utilisation d'une source de plasma comme source d'électrons est délicate, car le plasma fonctionne en tout ou rien, c'est-à-dire qu'il est soit allumé, soit éteint. Il en résulte qu'on ne peut pas obtenir des niveaux de gris.Other techniques have been proposed for the production of flat screens. One of them uses a plasma micro-discharge in a gas as a source of electrons, these electrons being then attracted towards a fluorescent screen. Row-column addressing enables the desired point on the screen to be lit. Unfortunately, using a plasma source as an electron source is tricky because the plasma works all or nothing, that is, it is either on or off. As a result, gray levels cannot be obtained.

La présente invention concerne un procédé de réalisation d'écrans de visualisation plats, du type dans lequel la formation d'images est obtenue par une matrice de points adressée ligne-colonne, ledit procédé étant caractérisé par le fait qu'il consiste :

  • - à utiliser comme source d'électrons des micropointes à émission de champ
  • - à connecter, d'une part, les pointes en lignes, d'autre part, les écrans fluorescents en colonnes ;
  • - à appliquer un champ électrique, successivement, entre chacune des pointes et l'écran qui lui correspond de façon que la pointe en question émette des électrons et forme sur l'écran un point lumineux, dont l'intensité dépend de la tension d'extraction des électrons appliquée ;
  • - et à bloquer simultanément toutes les autres pointes, en appliquant une tension négative sur les autres colonnes non impliquées dans l'émission des électrons ;
  • - et ainsi de suite par commutations successives pour obtenir la formation sur l'écran des points lumineux successifs correspondant à ceux de la matrice.
The present invention relates to a method for producing flat display screens, of the type in which image formation is obtained by a dot matrix addressed row-column, said method being characterized in that it consists:
  • - to use as field emission microtips as electron source
  • - to connect, on the one hand, the spikes in lines, on the other hand, the fluorescent screens in columns;
  • - to apply an electric field, successively, between each of the points and the screen which corresponds to it so that the point in question emits electrons and forms on the screen a bright point, the intensity of which depends on the voltage of applied electron extraction;
  • - and to block all the other points simultaneously, by applying a negative voltage to the other columns not involved in the emission of the electrons;
  • - And so on by successive switching to obtain the formation on the screen of successive light points corresponding to those of the matrix.

L'invention concerne également les écrans de visualisation plats obtenus par la mise en oeuvre du procédé ci-dessus.The invention also relates to flat display screens obtained by implementing the above method.

D'autres caractéristiques, avantages et particularités de la présente invention ressortiront de la description qui en est donnée ci-après en référence aux dessins, très schématiques, annexés, représentant différentes formes de réalisation possibles de ladite invention.Other characteristics, advantages and particularities of the present invention will emerge from the description which is given below with reference to the drawings, very schematic, appended, representing different possible embodiments of said invention.

Sur ces dessins :

  • La figure 1 est un schéma de principe de base de l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est un schéma explicatif d'une première forme de réalisation d'un écran de visualisation plat mettant en oeuvre le principe de base de la figure 1, à montage de type diode.
  • La figure 3 est une variante plus évoluée du principe de base de l'invention, à montage du type triodes.
  • La figure 4 est un schéma explicatif d'une variante de réalisation d'un écran de visualisation plat mettant en oeuvre le principe de la figure 3.
  • La figure 5 est un schéma d'une variante plus évoluée du principe de base de l'invention à montage du type tétrode.
In these drawings:
  • Figure 1 is a basic block diagram of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment of a flat display screen implementing the basic principle of FIG. 1, with diode type mounting.
  • Figure 3 is a more advanced variant of the basic principle of the invention, mounting the triode type.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an alternative embodiment of a flat display screen implementing the principle of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of a more advanced variant of the basic principle of the invention for mounting of the tetrode type.

Et la figure 6 est un schéma explicatif d'une variante de réalisation d'un écran de visualisation plat mettant en oeuvre le principe de la figure 5.And FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an alternative embodiment of a flat display screen implementing the principle of FIG. 5.

Le principe de base de l'invention schématisé sur la figure 1 consiste essentiellement à utiliser comme source d'électrons des micropointes à émission de champ. Une pointe à émission de champ, telle que 1, ayant un rayon de courbure de quelques centaines d'Angs- trôm, émet des électrons e simplement en appliquant un champ électrique entre la pointe 1 et un écran fluorescent 2 grâce au potentiel E.The basic principle of the invention shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 essentially consists in using as field source microtips as the electron source. A field emission tip, such that 1, having a radius of curvature of a few hundred Angstrom, emits electrons e simply by applying an electric field between the tip 1 and a fluorescent screen 2 thanks to the potential E.

Une solution simple pour fabriquer un écran de visualisation plat conformément à l'invention consiste, comme cela est schématisé sur la figure 2, à connecter : d'une part, les pointes en lignes, par exem- ple les pointes 1A1,1B1,1C1... suivant la ligne LA1 ; les pointes 1A2' 1B2, 1C2... suivant la ligne LA2; les pointes 1A3, 1B3, 1C3... suivant la ligne LA3 etc... ; d'autre part, les écrans en colonnes 2A, 2B, 2C... Cet agencement permet de réaliser par un matriçage et un adressage ligne-colonne, des points lumineux successifs à émettre sur l'écran.A simple solution for manufacturing a flat display screen according to the invention consists, as shown diagrammatically in Figure 2, to connect the one hand, the tips in lines, for exam- p the spikes 1 A1, 1 B1 , 1 C1 ... along line L A1 ; points 1 A2 ' 1 B2 , 1C2 ... along line L A2 ; points 1 A3 , 1 B3 , 1 C3 ... along line L A3 etc ...; on the other hand, the screens in columns 2 A , 2 B , 2 C ... This arrangement makes it possible to produce, by matrixing and row-to-column addressing, successive light points to be emitted on the screen.

Les pointes peuvent être réalisées par des techniques de dépôt ou de gravure en utilisant les méthodes classiques de la microélectronique, c'est-à-dire masquage puis gravure humide dans des bains d'acide ou gravure sèche par plasma ou faisceau de particules.The tips can be produced by deposition or etching techniques using the conventional methods of microelectronics, that is to say masking and then wet etching in acid baths or dry etching by plasma or particle beam.

Les différentes colonnes de l'écran sont constituées en matériau transparent, par exemple en verre, recouvert d'un film métallique et d'un matériau fluorescent.The different columns of the screen are made of transparent material, for example glass, covered with a metallic film and a fluorescent material.

Lorsque, par exemple, la ligne LA2 et la colonne 2B sont adressées avec les potentiels convenables, il y a émission d'électrons par la pointe 1B2 et formation d'un point lumineux Plsur l'écran, dont l'intensité dépend de la tension V = -E appliquée à la ligne LA2, du rayon de courbure de la pointe 1B2 et de la distance pointe écran, étant bien entendu que les deux derniers facteurs sont constants pour toutes les pointes.When, for example, the line L A2 and the column 2 B are addressed with the suitable potentials, there is emission of electrons by the tip 1 B2 and formation of a light point P l on the screen, the intensity depends on the voltage V = -E applied to the line L A2 , the radius of curvature of the tip 1 B2 and the distance from the screen tip, it being understood that the last two factors are constant for all the tips.

On voit immédiatement que pour empêcher les pointes de la ligne LA2, autres que celles situées sur la colonne 2B, à savoir les pointes 1A2, 1C2' d'émettre des électrons, il faut appliquer un potentiel négatif V = -E aux autres colonnes écran 2A, 2C..., le potentiel étant nul, V = O, sur la colonne considérée 2B.We immediately see that to prevent the tips of line L A2 , other than those located on column 2 B , namely the tips 1 A2 , 1 C2 'from emitting electrons, we must apply a negative potential V = -E to the other screen columns 2 A , 2 C ..., the potential being zero, V = O, on the column considered 2 B.

De même, pour empêcher les pointes situées sur la colonne 2B, autres que celles de la ligne LA2, à savoir les pointes 1 B1, 1B3..., d'émettre des électrons, il faut appliquer un potentiel nul V = O aux autres lignes LA1' LA3..., le potentiel appliqué sur la ligne LA2 étant négatif V = -E.Similarly, to prevent the points located on column 2 B , other than those of line L A2 , namely points 1 B1 , 1 B3 ..., from emitting electrons, it is necessary to apply a zero potential V = O to the other lines LA1 ' L A3 ..., the potential applied on line L A2 being negative V = -E.

De cette manière, seule la diode constituée par la pointe 1B2 en ligne LA2 et l'écran en colonne 2B est en état passant, toutes les autres diodes se trouvant bloquées.In this way, only the diode constituted by the tip 1 B2 in line L A2 and the screen in column 2 B is in the on state, all the other diodes being blocked.

Le rayon de courbure de la pointe considérée et la distance pointe-écran constituant des valeurs constantes fixées par construction, il est apparent que l'intensité lumineuse du point P est fonction de la tension E appliquée.The radius of curvature of the point considered and the point-screen distance constituting constant values fixed by construction, it is apparent that the light intensity of point P is a function of the voltage E applied.

On peut ainsi réaliser la formation d'images sur l'écran par une matrice de points adressée ligne-colonne.It is thus possible to carry out the formation of images on the screen by a matrix of points addressed row-column.

Afin d'éliminer le problème de la fabrication d'un grand nombre de micropointes ayant des rayons de courbure très proches, et également pour pallier la défaillance éventuelle d'une de ces pointes, il est avantageux de constituer chaque point lumineux par un ensemble de plusieurs micropointes. Chaque micropointe ayant une largeur à la base voisine de l)Jm, il est possible de placer jusqu'à une centaine de ces pointes par point lumineux élémentaire, ce qui, d'une manière statistique, assurera l'uniformité de l'intensité lumineuse sur toute la surface de l'écran.In order to eliminate the problem of manufacturing a large number of microtips having very close radii of curvature, and also to overcome the possible failure of one of these points, it is advantageous to constitute each light point by a set of several microtips. Each microtip having a width at the base close to l) J m, it is possible to place up to a hundred of these points per elementary light point, which, statistically, will ensure uniformity of intensity bright across the entire screen.

Pour réaliser de la couleur, il suffit, sans vouloir entrer dans des détails techniques inutiles, de tripler les lignes ou les colonnes, et de mettre des matériaux fluorescents de couleurs différentes, par exemple rouge, vert, bleu, ordonnés en triades sur l'écran en regard de chaque point lumineux élémentaire.To achieve color, it suffices, without wanting to go into unnecessary technical details, to triple the rows or columns, and to put fluorescent materials of different colors, for example red, green, blue, arranged in triads on the screen next to each elementary light point.

Le type de configuration d'écran conforme à l'invention que l'on vient de décrire est du type diode,et constitue la solution la plus simple du point de vue conceptuel, mais des problèmes apparaissent au niveau des tensions de commande. En effet, pour que la tension E d'extraction des électrons soit suffisamment faible pour autoriser des commutations rapides, la distance pointe-écran doit être de l'ordre de quelques microns, ce qui évidemment crée des problèmes techniques de fabrication.The type of screen configuration according to the invention that has just been described is of the diode type, and constitutes the simplest solution from the conceptual point of view, but problems appear at the level of the control voltages. Indeed, for the electron extraction voltage E to be low enough to allow rapid switching, the tip-screen distance must be of the order of a few microns, which obviously creates technical manufacturing problems.

Une solution, tout à la fois plus évoluée et plus simple, de l'invention facilitant les problèmes de commutations rapides et permettant de réduire considérablement les problèmes techniques dont il vient d'être question ci-dessus, est schématisée sur la figure 3.A solution, both more advanced and simpler, of the invention facilitating the problems of rapid switching and making it possible to considerably reduce the technical problems which have just been mentioned above, is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3.

Cette solution consiste essentiellement à utiliser un montage de type triode avec une grille de commande 3 qui permet de moduler l'intensité électrique. On voit immédiatement qu'en faisant varier la tension E21 on change l'intensité d'électrons émise, et qu'en faisant varier la tension E1, on change l'énergie des électrons e atteignant l'écran lumineux 2.This solution essentially consists in using a triode type assembly with a control grid 3 which makes it possible to modulate the electric intensity. We immediately see that by varying the voltage E 21 we change the intensity of electrons emitted, and that by varying the voltage E 1 , we change the energy of the electrons e reaching the light screen 2.

Dans le cas du montage triode, le matriçage est semblable à celui du montage diode, étant toutefois important de remarquer que contrairement à ce dernier, il existe ici la possibilité de trois combinaisons, à savoir :

  • - 1) pointe 1-grille 3, la troisième composante, en l'occu- rence l'écran 2, étant à un potentiel fixe ;
  • - 2) pointe 1-écran 2, la troisième composante, en l'occu- rence la grille 3, étant à un potentiel fixe ;
  • - 3) grille 3-écran 2, la troisième composante, en l'occu- rence la pointe 1, étant à un potentiel fixe.
In the case of triode mounting, the matrixing is similar to that of diode mounting, however it is important to note that unlike the latter, there is here the possibility of three combinations, namely:
  • - 1) point 1-grid 3, the third component, in this case the screen 2, being at a fixed potential;
  • - 2) tip 1-screen 2, the third component, in this case the grid 3, being at a fixed potential;
  • - 3) 3-screen grid 2, the third component, in this case the tip 1, being at a fixed potential.

Comme on peut le voir sur le schéma de la figure 4 (qui est analogue à celui de la figure 2, mais sur lequel seules les pointes lAl' 1B1' 1C1... et les grilles correspondantes 3A1, 3B1' 3C1... ont été représentées pour la clarté du dessin), on peut utiliser également dans le cas d'un montage du type triode une solution à trois composantes en faisant un adressage ligne-colonne pour les pointes et les écrans, mais sans modulation des valeurs des tensions appliquées E et E3, en reliant toutes les grilles 3A1, 3B1, 3C1... ensemble et en modulant la tension commune E2 pour faire varier l'intensité lumineuse.As can be seen in the diagram in Figure 4 (which is similar to that in Figure 2, but in which only the points l Al ' 1 B1' 1 C1 ... and the corresponding grids 3 A1 , 3 B1 ' 3 C1 ... have been shown for clarity of the drawing), one can also use in the case of an assembly of the triode type a solution with three components by making a row-column addressing for the tips and the screens, but without modulation of the values of the applied voltages E and E 3 , by connecting all the grids 3 A1 , 3 B1 , 3 C1 ... together and by modulating the common voltage E 2 to vary the light intensity.

De la même manière, on peut réaliser un adressage ligne-colonne entre grille et écran avec des tensions E et E1 fixes et relier toutes les pointes ensemble afin de faire varier l'intensité lumineuse en modu lant la tension commune E3.In the same way, one can carry out a row-column addressing between grid and screen with fixed voltages E and E 1 and connect all the tips together in order to vary the light intensity by modulating the common voltage E 3 .

On peut encore réaliser un adressage ligne-colonne entre pointe et grille avec des tensions E3 et E2 fixes et relier tous les écrans ensemble afin de faire varier l'intensité lumineuse en modulant la tension commune E1 d'écran.We can also carry out a row-column addressing between tip and grid with fixed voltages E 3 and E 2 and connect all the screens together in order to vary the light intensity by modulating the common screen voltage E 1 .

On voit que cette technique a trois composantes permet de séparer les fonctions adressage et modulation d'intensité.We see that this technique has three components to separate the addressing and intensity modulation functions.

Il est bien évident que pour ce montage de type triode, on peut réaliser de la couleur comme dans le cas du montage du type diode en triplant les lignes et les colonnes et en mettant des matériaux fluorescents de couleurs différentes sur l'écran.It is quite obvious that for this triode type assembly, color can be produced as in the case of the diode type assembly by tripling the rows and the columns and by putting fluorescent materials of different colors on the screen.

Pour des raisons de fabrication,aussi bien'de l'écran que des pointes, il apparait judicieux de relier toutes les pointes ensemble et tous les écrans ensemble, car autrement des difficultés apparaissent quant à la fabrication de pointes sur support isolant qui sépare les colonnes ou lignes de pointes.For manufacturing reasons, both on the screen and the points, it seems advisable to connect all the points together and all the screens together, because otherwise difficulties appear as regards the manufacture of points on an insulating support which separates the columns or tip lines.

L'invention permet de résoudre de façon simple et efficace le problème ci-dessus en adoptant le montage de type tetrode schématisé sur les figures 5 et 6.The invention makes it possible to solve the above problem simply and effectively by adopting the tetrode type arrangement shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 5 and 6.

Ce montage comporte, comme dans les cas précédents, pour chaque point lumineux unitaire, une pointe à émission de champ 1, un écran fluorescent 2, une première grille d'extraction 3, une deuxième grille d'extraction 4.This arrangement comprises, as in the previous cases, for each unit light point, a field emission tip 1, a fluorescent screen 2, a first extraction grid 3, a second extraction grid 4.

Comme on peut le voir sur le schéma de la figure 6 qui est analogue à celui de la figure 4, toutes les pointes 1A1, 1B1, 1C1... sont reliées ensemble ainsi que les écrans 2 , 2B, 2C...As can be seen in the diagram in Figure 6 which is similar to that in Figure 4, all the tips 1 A1 , 1 B1 , 1 C1 ... are connected together as well as the screens 2, 2 B , 2 C ...

Il en résulte que grâce à ce montage tétrode, l'adressage ligne-colonne se fait en jouant sur les tensions E2 et E3 tandis que la modulation de l'intensité lumineuse est obtenue par la variation de la tension E 1.It follows that thanks to this tetrode assembly, the row-column addressing is done by playing on the voltages E 2 and E 3 while the modulation of the light intensity is obtained by the variation of the voltage E 1 .

Il est bien évident que pour ce montage tétrode, on peut réaliser, comme dans les cas précédents, de la couleur en triplant les lignes et les colonnes et en mettant des matériaux fluorescents de couleurs différentes sur l'écran.It is quite obvious that for this tetrode assembly, it is possible, as in the previous cases, to produce color by tripling the rows and the columns and by putting fluorescent materials of different colors on the screen.

Il va de soi que la présente invention n'a été décrite et représentée qu'à titre purement explicatif et nullement limitatif et qu'on pourra apporter tout équivalent technique dans ses éléments constitutifs, sans pour autant sortir du cadre de ladite invention. On notera en particulier que le matriçage et l'adressage ligne-colonne constituant deux des phases du procédé de l'invention sont des opérations bien connues de l'homme de l'art et leurs modes de mise en oeuvre, dans le détail, peuvent être choisis parmi ceux les plus généralement utilisés.It goes without saying that the present invention has only been described and shown for purely explanatory and in no way limitative and that any technical equivalent may be provided in its constituent elements, without however departing from the scope of said invention. It will be noted in particular that the matrixing and the row-column addressing constituting two of the phases of the method of the invention are operations well known to those skilled in the art and their modes of implementation, in detail, can be chosen from those most generally used.

Claims (10)

1. Procédé de réalisation d'écrans de visualisation plats du type dans lequel la formation d'images est obtenue sur écran fluorescent par une matrice de points adressée ligne-colonne, ledit procédé étant caractérisé par le fait qu'il consiste : - à utiliser comme source d'électrons des micropointes à émission de champ ; - à connecter, d'une part, les pointes en lignes, d'autre part, les écrans fluorescents en colonnes ; - à appliquer un champ électrique, successivement, entre chacune des pointes et l'écran qui lui correspond de façon que la pointe en question émette des électrons et forme sur l'écran un point lumineux dont l'intensité dépend de la tension d'extraction des électrons appliquée ; - et à bloquer simultanément toutes les autres pointes, en appliquant une tension négative sur les autres colonnes non impliquées dans l'émission des électrons ; - et ainsi de suite par commutations successives pour obtenir la formation sur l'écran des points lumineux successifs correspondant à ceux de la matrice. 1. Method for producing flat display screens of the type in which image formation is obtained on a fluorescent screen by a dot matrix addressed row-column, said method being characterized by the fact that it consists: - to use as field emission microtips as the electron source; - to connect, on the one hand, the spikes in lines, on the other hand, the fluorescent screens in columns; - to apply an electric field, successively, between each of the tips and the screen which corresponds to it so that the point in question emits electrons and forms on the screen a bright point whose intensity depends on the extraction voltage applied electrons; - and to block all the other points simultaneously, by applying a negative voltage to the other columns not involved in the emission of the electrons; - And so on by successive switching to obtain the formation on the screen of successive light points corresponding to those of the matrix. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on incorpore, entre chaque pointe et l'écran correspondant, une grille d'extraction des électrons permettant de moduler tant l'intensité des électrons émis que l'énergie des électrons atteignant l'écran.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that there is incorporated, between each tip and the corresponding screen, an electron extraction grid making it possible to modulate both the intensity of the electrons emitted and the energy of the electrons reaching the screen. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit pour le matriçage, l'une des trois combinaisons possibles : pointe-grille, pointe-écran, ou grille-écran, la troisième composante, dans chaque cas étant alors mise à un potentiel fixe.3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that one chooses for the stamping, one of the three possible combinations: tip-grid, tip-screen, or screen-grid, the third component, in each case then being set to a fixed potential. 4. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que dans le but de séparer les fonctions adressage et modulation d'intensité lumineuse, on fait un adressage ligne-colonne pour les pointes et les écrans, mais sans modulation des valeurs des tensions appliquées, et en reliant toutes les grilles ensemble avec modulation de la tension appliquée pour faire varier l'intensité lumineuse.4. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that in order to separate the addressing and light intensity modulation functions, row-column addressing is done for the tips and the screens, but without modulation of the values of the applied voltages, and by connecting all the grids together with modulation of the applied voltage to vary the light intensity. 5. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans le but de séparer les fonctions adressage et modulation d'intensité lumineuse, on fait un adressage ligne-colonne pour les grilles et les écrans, mais sans modulation des valeurs des tensions appliquées, et en reliant toutes les pointes ensemble avec modulation de la tension appliquée pour faire varier l'intensité lumineuse.5. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in order to separate the addressing and light intensity modulation functions, row-column addressing is done for the grids and the screens, but without modulation of the values of the applied voltages, and by connecting all the points together with modulation of the applied voltage to vary the light intensity. 6. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans le but de séparer les fonctions adressage et modulation d'intensité lumineuse, on fait un adressage ligne-colonne pour les pointes et les grilles, mais sans modulation des valeurs des tensions appliquées, et en reliant tous les écrans ensemble avec modulation de la tension appliquée pour faire varier l'intensité lumineuse.6. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in order to separate the addressing and light intensity modulation functions, a row-column addressing is done for the tips and the grids, but without modulation of the values of the applied voltages , and by connecting all the screens together with modulation of the applied voltage to vary the light intensity. 7. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on incorpore entre chaque pointe et l'écran correspondant, une première grille d'extraction d'électrons, puis une deuxième grille d'extraction desdits électrons, tandis que toutes les pointes sont reliées ensemble et tous les écrans reliés ensemble, grâce à quoi l'adressage ligne-colonne se fait en jouant sur les tensions appliquées respectivement sur la première et la deuxième grille d'extraction alors que la variation d'intensité lumineuse est obtenue par la modulation de la tension appliquée entre pointe ét écran.7. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that there is incorporated between each tip and the corresponding screen, a first grid of electron extraction, then a second grid of extraction of said electrons, while all the tips are connected together and all the screens connected together, thanks to which the row-column addressing is done by playing on the voltages applied respectively to the first and the second extraction grid while the variation in light intensity is obtained by the modulation of the voltage applied between tip and screen. 8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que chaque point lumineux est engendré sur l'écran par un ensemble de plusieurs micropointes pouvant atteindre la centaine par point lumineux élémentaire.8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each light point is generated on the screen by a set of several microtips which can reach one hundred per elementary light point. 9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que pour réaliser de la couleur, on triple les lignes ou les colonnes et on met des matériaux fluorescents de couleurs différentes, de préférence rouge, vert et bleu, ordonnées en triades sur l'écran, en regard de chaque point lumineux élémentaire.9. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that to achieve color, the rows or columns are tripled and fluorescent materials of different colors, preferably red, green and blue, ordered are placed in triads on the screen, next to each elementary light point. 10. A titre de produits industriels nouveaux, les écrans de visualisation plats obtenus par la mise en oeuvre du procédé tel que spécifié aux revendications 1 à 9.10. As new industrial products, flat display screens obtained by implementing the method as specified in claims 1 to 9.
EP85430005A 1984-03-09 1985-03-05 Method for making flat display screens and flat screens made according to this method Expired - Lifetime EP0155895B2 (en)

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FR8403877A FR2561019B1 (en) 1984-03-09 1984-03-09 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING FLAT VISUALIZATION SCREENS AND FLAT SCREENS OBTAINED BY IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD
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ATE44114T1 (en) 1989-06-15
JP2711834B2 (en) 1998-02-10
US4763187A (en) 1988-08-09
FR2561019B1 (en) 1987-07-17
US4763187B1 (en) 1997-11-04
DE3571099D1 (en) 1989-07-20
EP0155895B1 (en) 1989-06-14
FR2561019A1 (en) 1985-09-13
JPS6123479A (en) 1986-01-31
EP0155895B2 (en) 1993-09-22

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