EP0155031B1 - Ratchet for a tool - Google Patents

Ratchet for a tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0155031B1
EP0155031B1 EP85200211A EP85200211A EP0155031B1 EP 0155031 B1 EP0155031 B1 EP 0155031B1 EP 85200211 A EP85200211 A EP 85200211A EP 85200211 A EP85200211 A EP 85200211A EP 0155031 B1 EP0155031 B1 EP 0155031B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
teeth
row
pawl
ratchet according
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85200211A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0155031A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Wiener
Hans Undin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ca Weidmueller & Co GmbH
Weidmueller Interface GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Ca Weidmueller & Co GmbH
Weidmueller Interface GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ca Weidmueller & Co GmbH, Weidmueller Interface GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Ca Weidmueller & Co GmbH
Publication of EP0155031A1 publication Critical patent/EP0155031A1/en
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Publication of EP0155031B1 publication Critical patent/EP0155031B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/14Locking means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a locking mechanism for a pliers-like device or tool, i. H. a device or tool which has two elongated handles which can be pivoted from and to one another, of which working elements such as, for. B. jaws are driven.
  • a locking mechanism for a pliers-like device or tool i. H. a device or tool which has two elongated handles which can be pivoted from and to one another, of which working elements such as, for. B. jaws are driven.
  • the nature of the work organs, the type of their movement (scissors-like or vice-like) and the way in which the movement is transmitted from the handles to the jaws is immaterial from the standpoint of the present invention.
  • locking is understood to mean an arrangement which prevents the movement of the handles and thus also the jaws relative to one another from being moved away from one another (“opening the pliers”) before the movement toward one another (“closing the pliers”) has been carried out to the end. This ensures that semi-machined workpieces cannot leave the jaws.
  • Locking arrangements of the type mentioned are known and contain a straight or circular row of teeth which is connected to the one handle, and a pawl with an engagement tip which is rotatably connected to the second handle, is acted upon by a spring, and thereby engages with the row of teeth in such a way that it only allows mutual movement in the sense of an approximation of the handles until it reaches a gap at the end of the row of teeth which allows the spring to pivot the pawl out of engagement with the row of teeth.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve a locking mechanism of the type mentioned, u. a. in the sense that the opening angle of the two handles, which is necessary for the transition of the locking mechanism from the non-engagement position into the engagement position, is reduced by the gap which adjoins the row of teeth and which must be so long that it pivots the pivoting movement of the Switch blade enables, is omitted.
  • the locking mechanism should also enable the end and / or start position to be set individually.
  • pliers 10 have two elongated handles 14, 15, of which two working jaws 11, 12 are driven. So that a closing movement of the jaws 11, 12 in the sense of the double arrow A is completely completed each time, the pliers 10 are provided with a locking device 1 according to the invention essentially in the area C, which is shown on a larger scale in FIG. 3.
  • the pliers 20 according to FIG. 2 differ from the pliers 10 essentially in that the one elongated handle 14 actuates a linearly displaceable work jaw 22, the other handle 15 and the other work jaw 21 being firmly connected to a device body 23. So that the movement of the jaw 22 in the direction of arrow B towards the jaw 21 must always be completed, the pliers 20 are provided with the same locking mechanism 1 in essentially the same area C as the pliers 10.
  • the ratchet 1 comprises a flat, upright guide rod 2 which at its first end at 2a on a handle, z. B. 14, the relevant pliers is articulated, and is bent near the pivot point.
  • the guide rod 2 is provided along a part of a longitudinal edge with a straight row of teeth 3 which is sunk under the respective longitudinal edge in such a way that it is delimited at both ends by protruding corners 3a, 3b which form end stops projecting relative to the row of teeth, and a first end stop 3a and a second end stop 3b.
  • the guide rod 2 is slid freely into a housing 4, which at 4a on the second handle z. B. 15, the pliers is articulated.
  • the arrangement of the pliers 20 is the same.
  • a locking hook or a pawl 5 with an engagement tip 5a is rotatably mounted in the housing 4 on a pivot pin 4c and is constantly acted upon by a spiral-shaped drawing spring 6.
  • the pivot 4c ends on the upper surface of the pawl 5.
  • the first end of the tension spring 6 is in a first attachment point, for. B. a pin 5b on the pawl 5, and the second end in a second attachment point z.
  • B. a pin 4b stored in the housing 4.
  • the two fastening points 4b and 5b and the pivot 4c lie on a straight line xx which is shown in FIG. 4, and the pivot 4c lies between the two fastening points of the spring 6 .
  • Fig. 3 the state of the locking mechanism 1 is short shown before the closed end position of the handles 14, 15.
  • the guide rod 2 has moved in the direction of the arrow P and the pawl 5 has been in a first lateral position in which it overcame the force of the Spring 6 has only carried out insignificant swings corresponding to the tooth height in the row of teeth 3, which they have never brought into the middle position.
  • the switching blade 5 butts against the second end stop 3b and is thereby pivoted into the center position and, by the action of the spring 6, also into the opposite second side position until it abuts a side stop 4d firmly anchored in the housing 4.
  • the side stop 4d which can also be a pin, is so that the engagement tip 5a of the adjacent pawl 5 is disengaged from the row of teeth 3, but the pawl 5 is still in the engagement area of the first end stop 3a when the guide rod 2 is moved until then contrary to the sense of the arrow P.
  • Such a movement of the guide rod 2 corresponds to the opening of the handles and the jaws of the pliers, and from what has just been stated it follows that as soon as this opening movement has been completed, the first end stop 3a performs the same function as before the second end stop 3b, but in the opposite sense , ie that he pivots the pawl 5 from the non-engaging second side position over the middle position into the first side position for engagement with the row of teeth 3.
  • the pawl 5 thus works like a bistable tilt.
  • the pivoting movements of the pawl take place above the row of teeth, and not, as previously, in a gap that extends the row of teeth, so that in particular the transition of the locking mechanism from the non-engagement position into the engagement position requires a smaller opening angle of the handles than before.
  • a large opening angle is inconvenient and tiring for the user in the long run.
  • At least one of the end stops 3a, 3b of FIG. 3 can be arranged according to FIG. 4.
  • 4 shows two different solutions to this problem as an example.
  • Either an adjusting screw 3b 'is used, or the end stop is designed as a displaceable tab 3a' placed on the guide rod 2, which is fixed by a screw 3c.
  • the inner edge of the opening in the tab 3a 'facing the row of teeth 3 can preferably be provided with teeth 3d corresponding to the row of teeth.
  • pliers 30 are provided with a locking mechanism 1 'according to the invention.
  • the pliers 30, like the pliers 10, have two elongated handles 14, 15 and two working jaws 11, 12. Between the handles 14, 15, a connecting bracket 13 is pivotably arranged by means of two pins 13a, 13b, and a segment 14 belonging to the locking mechanism 1 'is also mounted on the same pin and carries a circular row of teeth 3' whose center lies in the pin 13a. At both ends of the row of teeth 3 'projecting end stops 3'a and 3'b are provided.
  • a pawl 5 ' is pivotally arranged on a pivot 4c' mounted directly in the handle 14 and carries a short row of teeth 5'a corresponding to the row of teeth 3 'instead of a single engagement tip such as 5a.
  • Such a solution has the advantage that, with the same strength, the tooth height can be chosen to be smaller, which results in smooth operation and greater wear resistance.
  • the locking mechanism 1 "according to FIG. 7 comprises a segment 16 'which also fills the task of the connecting strap 13 in FIG. 6 and which is provided along an edge with a circular row of teeth 3" whose center of curvature lies in the pivot pin 13'a. End stops 3 "a and 3" b limit the row of teeth 3 "and a pawl 5" engages with the row of teeth 3 ".
  • the pawl 5" is provided with a short row of teeth 5 "a. This row of teeth 5" a is on the side of the connecting line xx located, which creates a certain leverage effect. Parts which correspond to those in FIG. 6 are provided with reference symbols which have one line more than in FIG. 6.
  • a factor that contributes to the shock-free operation in the locking mechanism according to the invention, and which is not limited to the embodiment with a short row of teeth on the pawl, is the fact that the pawl is completely disengaged from the long row of teeth when the handles are opened, which in the case of previously known constructions is not the case.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Gesperre für ein zangenartiges Gerät oder Werkzeug, d. h. ein Gerät oder Werkzeug welches zwei von- und zueinander verschwenkbare längliche Handgriffe aufweist von denen Arbeitsorgane wie z. B. Backen angetrieben werden. Die Beschaffenheit der Arbeitsorgane, die Art ihrer Bewegung (scheren- oder schraubstockartig) und die Art auf welche die Bewegung von den Handgriffen an die Backen übertragen wird, ist vom Standpunkt der vorliegenden Erfindung unwesentlich.The invention relates to a locking mechanism for a pliers-like device or tool, i. H. a device or tool which has two elongated handles which can be pivoted from and to one another, of which working elements such as, for. B. jaws are driven. The nature of the work organs, the type of their movement (scissors-like or vice-like) and the way in which the movement is transmitted from the handles to the jaws is immaterial from the standpoint of the present invention.

Unter Gesperre wird in der vorliegenden Beschreibung eine Anordnung verstanden die es verhindert, dass die Bewegung der Handgriffe und somit auch der Backen zueinander von einer Bewegung voneinander (« Öffnen der Zange ») abgelöst werden kann bevor die Bewegung zueinander (« Schliessen der Zange ») bis zu Ende durchgeführt worden ist. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass halb bearbeitete Arbeitsstücke die Backen nicht verlassen können.In the present description, locking is understood to mean an arrangement which prevents the movement of the handles and thus also the jaws relative to one another from being moved away from one another (“opening the pliers”) before the movement toward one another (“closing the pliers”) has been carried out to the end. This ensures that semi-machined workpieces cannot leave the jaws.

Sperranordnungen der angeführten Art sind bekannt und enthalten eine gerade oder kreisbogenförmige Zahnreihe welche an den einen Handgriff angeschlossen ist, und eine Schaltklinke mit einer Eingriffsspitze die drehbar am zweiten Handgriff angeschlossen ist, von einer Feder beaufschlagt wird, und hierbei derart mit der Zahnreihe eingreift, dass sie so lange nur eine gegenseitige Bewegung im Sinne einer Annäherung der Handgriffe zulässt, bis sie am Ende der Zahnreihe eine Lücke erreicht die es der Feder ermöglicht die Sperrklinke aus dem Eingriff mit der Zahnreihe wegzuschwenken.Locking arrangements of the type mentioned are known and contain a straight or circular row of teeth which is connected to the one handle, and a pawl with an engagement tip which is rotatably connected to the second handle, is acted upon by a spring, and thereby engages with the row of teeth in such a way that it only allows mutual movement in the sense of an approximation of the handles until it reaches a gap at the end of the row of teeth which allows the spring to pivot the pawl out of engagement with the row of teeth.

Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe ein Gesperre der angeführten Art zu verbessern, u. a. in dem Sinne, dass der Öffnungswinkel der beiden Handgriffe, der für den Übergang des Gesperres aus der Nichteingriffslage in die Eingriffslage erforderlich ist, verringert wird, indem die betreffende an die Zahnreihe sich anschliessende Lücke, die so lang sein muss, dass sie eine Schwenkbewegung der Schaltklinge ermöglicht, entfällt. In einer vorteilhaften Weiterentwicklung soll das Gesperre auch eine individuelle Einstellung der End- und/oder Anfangslage ermöglichen.The present invention has for its object to improve a locking mechanism of the type mentioned, u. a. in the sense that the opening angle of the two handles, which is necessary for the transition of the locking mechanism from the non-engagement position into the engagement position, is reduced by the gap which adjoins the row of teeth and which must be so long that it pivots the pivoting movement of the Switch blade enables, is omitted. In an advantageous further development, the locking mechanism should also enable the end and / or start position to be set individually.

Die Erfindungsaufgabe wird auf eine Weise gelöst, die aus den angeschlossenen Patentansprüchen hervorgeht, und die Erfindung soll nun an Hand beigefügter schematischer Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden. Hierbei zeigt

  • Figur 1 und Figur 2 zwei Zangen die mit dem erfindungsgemässen Gesperre in einer ersten Ausführungsform versehen sind,
  • Figur 3 zeigt in grösserem Mass-stab und im Schnitt das Gesperre der Zangen gemäss Fig. 1 und 2 nahe der Endlage,
  • Figur 4 zeigt eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform des Gesperres gemäss Fig. 3,
  • Figur 5 zeigt eine Zange bei der eine zweite Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Gesperres angewandt ist,
  • Figur 6 zeigt das Gesperre der Zange gemäss Fig. 4, und
  • Figur 7 ist die Seitenansicht einer Abwandlung des Gesperres nach Fig. 6. Gleiche Bezugszeichen bezeichnen in allen Zeichnungsfiguren funktionell gleichwertige Teile.
The object of the invention is achieved in a manner that is apparent from the attached claims, and the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the attached schematic drawings. Here shows
  • 1 and 2 show two pliers which are provided with the locking device according to the invention in a first embodiment,
  • FIG. 3 shows on a larger scale and in section the locking of the pliers according to FIGS. 1 and 2 near the end position,
  • FIG. 4 shows a modified embodiment of the locking mechanism according to FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 shows a pair of pliers using a second embodiment of the locking mechanism according to the invention,
  • Figure 6 shows the locking of the pliers according to FIG. 4, and
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of a modification of the locking mechanism according to FIG. 6. The same reference numerals designate functionally equivalent parts in all drawing figures.

Gemäss Fig. 1 weist eine Zange 10 zwei längliche Handgriffe 14, 15 auf, von denen zwei Arbeitsbacken 11, 12, angetrieben werden. Damit eine Schliessbewegung der Backen 11, 12 im Sinne des Doppelpfeiles A jedesmal gänzlich vollendet wird, ist die Zange 10 im wesentlichen im Bereich C, der in Fig. 3 in grösserem Mass-stab dargestellt ist, mit einem erfindungsgemässen Gesperre 1 versehen. Die Zange 20 gemäss Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von der Zange 10 im wesentlichen dadurch, dass der eine längliche Handgriff 14 eine geradlinig verschiebbare Arbeitsbacke 22 betätigt, wobei der andere Handgriff 15 und die andere Arbeitsbacke 21 fest an einen Gerätekörper 23 angeschlossen sind. Damit die Bewegung der Backe 22 im Sinne des Pfeiles B zur Backe 21 hin immer vollendet werden muss, ist die Zange 20 im wesentlichen im gleichen Bereich C wie die Zange 10 mit dem gleichen Gesperre 1 versehen.1, pliers 10 have two elongated handles 14, 15, of which two working jaws 11, 12 are driven. So that a closing movement of the jaws 11, 12 in the sense of the double arrow A is completely completed each time, the pliers 10 are provided with a locking device 1 according to the invention essentially in the area C, which is shown on a larger scale in FIG. 3. The pliers 20 according to FIG. 2 differ from the pliers 10 essentially in that the one elongated handle 14 actuates a linearly displaceable work jaw 22, the other handle 15 and the other work jaw 21 being firmly connected to a device body 23. So that the movement of the jaw 22 in the direction of arrow B towards the jaw 21 must always be completed, the pliers 20 are provided with the same locking mechanism 1 in essentially the same area C as the pliers 10.

Das Gesperre 1 umfasst eine flache, auf Hochkant gestellte Leitstange 2 welche an ihrem ersten Ende bei 2a an den einen Handgriff, z. B. 14, der betreffenden Zange angelenkt ist, und nahe der Anlenkstelle abgebogen ist. Am zweiten Ende ist die Leitstange 2 entlang eines Teiles einer Längskante mit einer geradlinige Zahnreihe 3 versehen welche derart unter die betreffende Längskante versenkt ist, dass sie an ihren beiden Enden von vorstehenden Ecken 3a, 3b begrenzt wird die gegenüber der Zahnreihe vorspringende Endanschläge bilden, und zwar einen ersten Endanschlag 3a und einen zweiten Endanschlag 3b. Die Leitstange 2 ist frei gleitend in ein Gehäuse 4 eingeschoben, welches bei 4a an den zweiten Handgriff z. B. 15, der Zange angelenkt ist. Die Anordnung bei der Zange 20 ist die gleiche.The ratchet 1 comprises a flat, upright guide rod 2 which at its first end at 2a on a handle, z. B. 14, the relevant pliers is articulated, and is bent near the pivot point. At the second end, the guide rod 2 is provided along a part of a longitudinal edge with a straight row of teeth 3 which is sunk under the respective longitudinal edge in such a way that it is delimited at both ends by protruding corners 3a, 3b which form end stops projecting relative to the row of teeth, and a first end stop 3a and a second end stop 3b. The guide rod 2 is slid freely into a housing 4, which at 4a on the second handle z. B. 15, the pliers is articulated. The arrangement of the pliers 20 is the same.

Im Gehäuse 4 ist an einem Drehzapfen 4c ein Sperrhaken oder eine Schaltklinke 5 mit einer Eingriffsspitze 5a drehbar gelagert und wird hierbei von einer spiralförmigen Ziehfeder 6 dauernd beaufschlagt. Der Drehzapfen 4c endet an der oberen Fläche der Schaltklinke 5. Das erste Ende der Ziehfeder 6 ist in einer ersten Befestigungsstelle z. B. einem Zapfen 5b an der Schaltklinke 5, und das zweite Ende in einer zweiten Befestigungsstelle z. B. einem Zapfen 4b, im Gehäuse 4 gelagert. In einer in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten labilen mittleren Lage der Schaltklinke 5 liegen die beiden Befestigungsstellen 4b und 5b und der Drehzapfen 4c an einer geraden Linie x-x die in Fig. 4 eingezeichnet ist, und der Drehzapfen 4c liegt hierbei zwischen den beiden Befestigungsstellen der Feder 6.A locking hook or a pawl 5 with an engagement tip 5a is rotatably mounted in the housing 4 on a pivot pin 4c and is constantly acted upon by a spiral-shaped drawing spring 6. The pivot 4c ends on the upper surface of the pawl 5. The first end of the tension spring 6 is in a first attachment point, for. B. a pin 5b on the pawl 5, and the second end in a second attachment point z. B. a pin 4b, stored in the housing 4. In an unstable middle position, not shown in the drawing, of the pawl 5, the two fastening points 4b and 5b and the pivot 4c lie on a straight line xx which is shown in FIG. 4, and the pivot 4c lies between the two fastening points of the spring 6 .

In Fig. 3 ist der Zustand des Gesperres 1 kurz vor der geschlossenen Endlage der Handgriffe 14, 15 dargestellt. Während der Schliessbewegung der Handgriffe, und somit auch der Arbeitsbacken 11, 12 bzw. 21, 22 hat sich die Leitstange 2 im Sinne des Pfeiles P bewegt und die Schaltklinke 5 hat sich hierbei in einer ersten Seitenlage befunden in der sie bei Überwindung der Kraft der Feder 6 nur unbedeutende, der Zahnhöhe in der Zahnreihe 3 entsprechende Schwenkungen durchgeführt hat, welche sie niemals bis in die Mittenlage gebracht haben. Jetzt stösst die Schaltklinge 5 aber an den zweiten Endanschlag 3b an und wird dadurch in die Mittenlage und, durch Wirkung der Feder 6, darüber hinaus in die entgegengesetzte zweite Seitenlage verschwenkt, bis sie an einen im Gehäuse 4 fest verankerten Seitenanschlag 4d anstösst. Der Seitenanschlag 4d, der ebenfalls ein Zapfen sein kann, ist so belegen, dass die Eingriffspitze 5a der anliegenden Schaltklinke 5 ausser Eingriff mit der Zahnreihe 3 liegt, aber die Schaltklinke 5 sich immer noch im Eingriffsbereich des ersten Endanschlages 3a befindet, wenn die Leitstange 2 entgegen den Sinn des Pfeiles P bis dahin verschoben wird. Eine derartige Bewegung der Leitstange 2 entspricht dem Offnen der Handgriffe und der Backen der Zange, und aus dem soeben Angeführten folgt, dass sobald diese Öffnungsbewegung abgeschlossen ist, der erste Endanschlag 3a die gleiche Funktion wie vorher der zweite Endanschlag 3b, aber im entgegengesetzen Sinn ausführt, d. h. dass er die Schaltklinke 5 aus der eingriffsfreien zweiten Seitenlage über die Mittenlage indie erste Seitenlage für den Eingriff mit der Zahnreihe 3 verschwenkt. Die Schaltklinke 5 arbeitet somit wie eine bistabile Kippe. Die Schwenkbewegungen der Schaltklinke finden oberhalb der Zahnreihe, und nicht wie bisher in einer die Zahnreihe verlängernden Lücke statt, so dass insbesondere der Übergang des Gesperres aus der Nichteingriffslage in die Eingriffslage einen kleineren Öffnungswinkel der Handgriffe als bisher erfordert. Ein grosser Öffnungswinkel ist unbequem und auf die Dauer ermüdend für den Benutzer.In Fig. 3 the state of the locking mechanism 1 is short shown before the closed end position of the handles 14, 15. During the closing movement of the handles, and thus also the work jaws 11, 12 and 21, 22, the guide rod 2 has moved in the direction of the arrow P and the pawl 5 has been in a first lateral position in which it overcame the force of the Spring 6 has only carried out insignificant swings corresponding to the tooth height in the row of teeth 3, which they have never brought into the middle position. Now the switching blade 5 butts against the second end stop 3b and is thereby pivoted into the center position and, by the action of the spring 6, also into the opposite second side position until it abuts a side stop 4d firmly anchored in the housing 4. The side stop 4d, which can also be a pin, is so that the engagement tip 5a of the adjacent pawl 5 is disengaged from the row of teeth 3, but the pawl 5 is still in the engagement area of the first end stop 3a when the guide rod 2 is moved until then contrary to the sense of the arrow P. Such a movement of the guide rod 2 corresponds to the opening of the handles and the jaws of the pliers, and from what has just been stated it follows that as soon as this opening movement has been completed, the first end stop 3a performs the same function as before the second end stop 3b, but in the opposite sense , ie that he pivots the pawl 5 from the non-engaging second side position over the middle position into the first side position for engagement with the row of teeth 3. The pawl 5 thus works like a bistable tilt. The pivoting movements of the pawl take place above the row of teeth, and not, as previously, in a gap that extends the row of teeth, so that in particular the transition of the locking mechanism from the non-engagement position into the engagement position requires a smaller opening angle of the handles than before. A large opening angle is inconvenient and tiring for the user in the long run.

Um die Lage des End- und/oder Anfangspunktes der Zangenbewegung individuell einstellen zu können, kann gemäss Fig. 4 zumindest einer der Endanschläge 3a, 3b der Fig. 3 einstellbar angeordnet sein. In Fig. 4 sind als Beispiel zwei verschiedene Lösungen dieser Aufgabe dargestellt. Entweder wird eine Stellschraube 3b' angewandt, oder wird der Endanschlag als ein verschiebbarer, auf die Leitstange 2 aufgesetzter Reiter 3a' gestaltet, der von einer Schraube 3c fixiert wird. Hierbei kann vorzugsweise die der Zahnreihe 3 zugekehrte innere Kante der Öffnung im Reiter 3a' mit einer der Zahnreihe entsprechenden Verzahnung 3d versehen sein.In order to be able to individually adjust the position of the end and / or start point of the tong movement, at least one of the end stops 3a, 3b of FIG. 3 can be arranged according to FIG. 4. 4 shows two different solutions to this problem as an example. Either an adjusting screw 3b 'is used, or the end stop is designed as a displaceable tab 3a' placed on the guide rod 2, which is fixed by a screw 3c. In this case, the inner edge of the opening in the tab 3a 'facing the row of teeth 3 can preferably be provided with teeth 3d corresponding to the row of teeth.

Gemäss Fig. 5 und 6 ist eine Zange 30 mit einem erfindungsgemässen Gesperre 1' versehen. Die Zange 30 weist, ähnlich wie die Zange 10, zwei längliche Handgriffe 14,15 und zwei Arbeitsbacken 11, 12 auf. Zwischen den Handgriffen 14, 15 ist eine Verbindungslasche 13 mittels zweier Zapfen 13a, 13b schwenkbar angeordnet, und an den gleichen Zapfen ist auch ein dem Gesperre 1' zugehöriges Segment 14 gelagert welches eine kreisbogenförmige Zahnreihe 3' trägt, deren Mittelpunkt im Zapfen 13a liegt. An beiden Enden der Zahnreihe 3' sind vorspringende Endanschläge 3'a und 3'b vorgesehen. An einem direkt im Handgriff 14 gelagerten Drehzapfen 4c' ist eine Schaltklinke 5' schwenkbar angeordnet, die anstatt einer einzigen Eingriffsspitze wie 5a eine kurze der Zahnreihe 3' entsprechende Zahnreihe 5'a trägt. Eine derartige Lösung hat den Vorteil, dass bei gleicher Festigkeit die Zahnhöhe kleiner gewählt werden kann, was stossfreien Betrieb und grössere Verschleissfestigkeit mit sich bringt.5 and 6, pliers 30 are provided with a locking mechanism 1 'according to the invention. The pliers 30, like the pliers 10, have two elongated handles 14, 15 and two working jaws 11, 12. Between the handles 14, 15, a connecting bracket 13 is pivotably arranged by means of two pins 13a, 13b, and a segment 14 belonging to the locking mechanism 1 'is also mounted on the same pin and carries a circular row of teeth 3' whose center lies in the pin 13a. At both ends of the row of teeth 3 'projecting end stops 3'a and 3'b are provided. A pawl 5 'is pivotally arranged on a pivot 4c' mounted directly in the handle 14 and carries a short row of teeth 5'a corresponding to the row of teeth 3 'instead of a single engagement tip such as 5a. Such a solution has the advantage that, with the same strength, the tooth height can be chosen to be smaller, which results in smooth operation and greater wear resistance.

In einer ersten Befestigungsstelle an der Schaltklinke 5', z. B. in einem kurzen Spalt 5'b, ist das erste Ende einer Blattfeder 6' verankert, deren zweites Ende in einer zweiten Befestigungsstelle direkt am Handgriff 14, z. B. einem Zapfen 4b', befestigt ist. Im mittleren Bereich zwischen den beiden Befestigungsstellen ist die Blattfeder 6' bei 6'a zickzackförmig gestaltet. Die Blattfeder 6' ist somit länger als der Abstand zwischen ihren beiden Befestigungsstellen 4b' und 5'b. In der im Fig. 6 dargestellten labilen Mittenlage der Schaltklinke 5' liegen die beiden Befestigungsstellen 4b', 5'a und der Drehzapfen 4c' an einer geraden Linie x-x, wobei beide Befestigungsstellen an gleicher Seite des Drehzapfens belegen sind. Das Gesperre 1' arbeitet genau auf die gleiche Weise wie das Gesperre 1.In a first attachment point on the pawl 5 ', for. B. in a short gap 5'b, the first end of a leaf spring 6 'is anchored, the second end in a second fastening point directly on the handle 14, z. B. a pin 4b 'is attached. In the central area between the two fastening points, the leaf spring 6 'is designed in a zigzag shape at 6'a. The leaf spring 6 'is thus longer than the distance between its two attachment points 4b' and 5'b. In the unstable center position of the pawl 5 'shown in FIG. 6, the two fastening points 4b', 5'a and the pivot 4c 'lie on a straight line x-x, both fastening points being located on the same side of the pivot. The locking mechanism 1 'works in exactly the same way as the locking mechanism 1.

Das Gesperre 1" gemäss Fig. 7 umfasst ein Segment 16' welches auch die Aufgabe der Verbindungslasche 13 in Fig. 6 füllt und welches enlang einer Kante mit einer kreisbogenförmigen Zahnreihe 3" versehen ist, deren Krümmungsmittelpunkt im Schwenkzapfen 13'a liegt. Endanschläge 3"a und 3"b begrenzen die Zahnreihe 3" und eine Schaltklinke 5" greift mit der Zahnreihe 3" ein. Die Schaltklinke 5" ist mit einer kurzen Zahnreihe 5"a versehen. Diese Zahnreihe 5"a ist seitlich der Verbindungslinie x-x gelegen, wodurch ein gewisser Hebeleffekt entsteht. Teile, welche denen in Fig. 6 entsprechen, sind mit Bezugszeichen versehen welche einen Strich mehr als in Fig. 6 aufweisen.The locking mechanism 1 "according to FIG. 7 comprises a segment 16 'which also fills the task of the connecting strap 13 in FIG. 6 and which is provided along an edge with a circular row of teeth 3" whose center of curvature lies in the pivot pin 13'a. End stops 3 "a and 3" b limit the row of teeth 3 "and a pawl 5" engages with the row of teeth 3 ". The pawl 5" is provided with a short row of teeth 5 "a. This row of teeth 5" a is on the side of the connecting line xx located, which creates a certain leverage effect. Parts which correspond to those in FIG. 6 are provided with reference symbols which have one line more than in FIG. 6.

Ein Faktor, der beim erfindungsgemässen Gesperre zum stossfreien Betrieb beiträgt, und der nicht auf die Ausführungsform mit einer kurzen Zahnreihe an der Schaltklinke beschränkt ist, ist der Umstand, dass die Schaltklinke beim Öffnen der Handgriffe ganz ausser Eingriff mit der langen Zahnreihe steht, was bei vorbekannten Konstruktionen nicht der Fall ist.A factor that contributes to the shock-free operation in the locking mechanism according to the invention, and which is not limited to the embodiment with a short row of teeth on the pawl, is the fact that the pawl is completely disengaged from the long row of teeth when the handles are opened, which in the case of previously known constructions is not the case.

Aus einem Vergleich der verschiedenen Zeichnungsfiguren geht hervor, dass es unwesentlich ist, ob die Zahnreihe gekrümmt oder gerade ist, und ob sich die Schaltklinke entlang der Zahnreihe oder die Zahnreihe entlang der Schaltklinke bewegt, sowie ob beide Handgriffe verschwenkbar sind oder nur einer. Bei gekrümmter Zahnreihe, und wenn die Schaltklinke ebenfalls mit einer Zahnreihe versehen ist (Fig. 6), hat die Zahnreihe an der Schaltklinke die gleiche Krümmung wie die Zahnreihe 3' am Segment 14, d. h. eine Krümmung die in Eingriffslage der Schaltklinke 5' ihren Krümmungsmittelpunkt ebenfalls im Zapfen 13a hat. Bei gerader Zahnreihe an der Leitstange (Fig. 3) ist auch eine eventuelle Zahnreihe an der Schaltklinke geradlinig.A comparison of the different drawing figures shows that it is immaterial whether the row of teeth is curved or straight, and whether the pawl moves along the row of teeth or the row of teeth along the pawl, and whether both handles can be pivoted or only one. If the row of teeth is curved and if the pawl is also provided with a row of teeth (FIG. 6), the row of teeth has on the switching pawl the same curvature as the row of teeth 3 'on the segment 14, ie a curvature which also has its center of curvature in the pin 13a in the engagement position of the switching pawl 5'. With a straight row of teeth on the guide rod (Fig. 3), a possible row of teeth on the ratchet is also straight.

Claims (10)

1. Ratchet (1, 1', 1") for a tool (10, 20, 30), such as a pair of tongs or the like, which is provided with two elongate handles (14, 15), said ratched including a row of teeth (3, 3', 3") and a pawl (5, 5', 5") co-operating with the row of teeth and said two members (3, 3', 3" ; 5, 5', 5") performing, upon a closing motion of the handles, a relative motion in which the pawl with the aid of an engagement part (5a, 5a'), in a locking manner engages the row of teeth until an end point of the closing motion is reached, the pawl being mounted on a pivot pin (4c) and constantly affected by a spring (6, 6') which is anchored at a first affixing point (5b, 5'b) on the pawl and at a second affixing point (4, 4b') outside the pawl, characterised by the pawl being arranged to operate in the manner of a flip-flop by having an unstable central rocking position in which both said affixing points and the pivot pin lie on a straight line (x-x), on the respective ends of the row of teeth being provided a first end stop (3a, 3'a, 3"a, 3d) for the pawl projecting relative the row of teeth, and a second end stop (3b, 3'b, 3"b) for the pawl projecting relative the row of teeth, the said first end stop- making the pawl to work upon impact, in a first lateral position for engagement with the row of teeth, and a second end stop making the pawl to rock, upon impact in a second lateral position reverse relative the unstable central position, a lateral stop (4d) stationary relative the pivot pin being provided to define the said second lateral position of the pawl in such a way that the engagement part thereof lies out of engagement with the row of teeth, the pawl remaining however within the operative zone of the first end stop.
2. A ratchet according to claim 1, characterised by the spring being embodied by a helical tension spring (6), and the pivot pin being located between the two affixing points of the spring.
3. A ratchet according to claim 1, characterised by the spring being embodied by a leaf spring (6'), the two affixing points of which both lie on the same side relative the pivot pin, and the leaf spring being longer than the distance between the two affixing points.
4. A ratchet according to claim 3, characterised by the leaf spring being zig-zag shaped in its central region (6'a).
5. A ratchet according to anyone of the preceding claims, characterised by at least one of the end stops (3a', 3b') being settable.
6. A ratchet according to anyone of the preceding claims, characterised by the row of teeth (3) being rectilinear.
7. A ratchet according to anyone of the claims 1 to 5, characterised by the row of teeth (3') being arcuate.
8 A ratchet according to claim 7, characterised by the pivot pin and the lateral stop being located on one of the handles (14).
9. A ratchet according to anyone of the preceding claims, characterised by the engagement part of the pawl being defined by a short row of teeth (5'a) corresponding to the said row of teeth.
10. A ratchet according to claim 9, characterised by the short row of teeth (5's) being laterally displaced relative said straight line (x-x).
EP85200211A 1984-03-14 1985-02-20 Ratchet for a tool Expired EP0155031B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8401418 1984-03-14
SE8401418A SE8401418D0 (en) 1984-03-14 1984-03-14 LOCKING DEVICE FOR A TOOL

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0155031A1 EP0155031A1 (en) 1985-09-18
EP0155031B1 true EP0155031B1 (en) 1987-08-19

Family

ID=20355140

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85200211A Expired EP0155031B1 (en) 1984-03-14 1985-02-20 Ratchet for a tool

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US (1) US4602535A (en)
EP (1) EP0155031B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60228076A (en)
DE (1) DE3560479D1 (en)
SE (1) SE8401418D0 (en)

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SE8700382D0 (en) * 1987-02-02 1987-02-02 Weidmueller C A Gmbh Co DANGEROUS TOOL
EP0454189A3 (en) * 1987-02-02 1992-03-25 C.A. Weidmueller Gmbh & Co. Pliers-like tool
EP0277684B1 (en) * 1987-02-02 1992-03-25 C.A. Weidmüller GmbH & Co. Plier-like tool
SE8702499D0 (en) * 1987-06-16 1987-06-16 Weidmueller C A Gmbh Co TANGARTAT TOOLS
EP0745022A4 (en) * 1994-02-22 1997-09-24 Confidence Tool Co Socket wrench
US5870925A (en) * 1997-06-27 1999-02-16 The Whitaker Corporation Hand tool crimping a terminal onto a conductor
US7086312B1 (en) 2001-12-28 2006-08-08 Kenneth Guy Tortolani Parallel jaw locking toggle wrench/pliers with economic/ergonomic handles
US6212977B1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2001-04-10 Ferng-Jong Liou Spring chuck
US6635072B1 (en) 2000-07-20 2003-10-21 Synthes Safety ratchet mechanism
US6427565B1 (en) 2000-11-14 2002-08-06 Great Neck Saw Manufacturers, Inc. Parallel grip plier
US6745441B1 (en) * 2002-12-04 2004-06-08 Li-Chieh Lin Locking pliers
US20050160567A1 (en) * 2004-01-22 2005-07-28 Ferng-Jong Liou Auxiliary locating mechanism for spring clamp
US20140026722A1 (en) * 2012-07-30 2014-01-30 Wei-Li Chen Locking pliers with torque display arrangement
EP3763483B1 (en) * 2019-07-11 2022-06-08 Stanley Black & Decker MEA FZE Adjustable locking pliers

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US2777345A (en) * 1953-04-22 1957-01-15 Aircraft Marine Prod Inc Magazine-type hand tool for crimping electrical connectors
FR1298930A (en) * 1960-12-19 1962-07-20 Proner Sa Ets Pliers especially for crimping
US3277751A (en) * 1965-05-06 1966-10-11 Sargent & Co Motion-compelling mechanism for a hand tool
GB1507421A (en) * 1975-04-15 1978-04-12 Pressmaster Ab Device for ensuring continuance of a working operation until completion thereof
US4170154A (en) * 1977-12-06 1979-10-09 Thomas & Betts Corporation Full stroke compelling mechanism
US4158302A (en) * 1977-12-23 1979-06-19 Thomas & Betts Corporation Tool with full-stroke compelling mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8401418D0 (en) 1984-03-14
JPS60228076A (en) 1985-11-13
DE3560479D1 (en) 1987-09-24
EP0155031A1 (en) 1985-09-18
US4602535A (en) 1986-07-29

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