EP0151595A1 - Moisture metering process and apparatus in grain by grain scanning - Google Patents

Moisture metering process and apparatus in grain by grain scanning

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Publication number
EP0151595A1
EP0151595A1 EP19840902714 EP84902714A EP0151595A1 EP 0151595 A1 EP0151595 A1 EP 0151595A1 EP 19840902714 EP19840902714 EP 19840902714 EP 84902714 A EP84902714 A EP 84902714A EP 0151595 A1 EP0151595 A1 EP 0151595A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
passage
grain
passage channel
humidity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19840902714
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Claeys-Luck
Ioan Florin Dumitrescu
Bernard Cornille
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0151595A1 publication Critical patent/EP0151595A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
    • A01C1/025—Testing seeds for determining their viability or germination capacity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/66—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/02—Food
    • G01N33/10—Starch-containing substances, e.g. dough

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for measuring the relative and absolute humidity of seeds by an electroluminescence sensor in grain by grain exploration and subsequent statistical analysis.
  • Methods which measure the moisture of the grains which take into account different electrical parameters such as for example the dielectric permittivity of a capacitor in which the grains are considered as an electric layer, the electrical capacity of a capacitor in which the seeds can be considered also as dielectric or an armature, resistance or electrical impedance measured under the respective conditions of electric currents.
  • the main disadvantage of these methods consists in the fact that they carry out measurements on a set of seeds with the errors specific to conductometric procedures: the measurement of the least electrical resistance.
  • Humidity methods are also known based on the reflection of infrared rays or based on the phenomenon of thermo-conductivity. All these methods allow a global measurement of humidity.
  • the present invention eliminates all these drawbacks of the methods stated above, by proposing a method and an apparatus for measuring grain-by-grain moisture with a statistical analysis of the results, concerning the distribution of moisture in a seed population. according to their number and weight.
  • the method according to the invention consists in counting the number of grains, the humidity measured by an electroluminescence sensor and the weight in establishing reciprocal correlations between the three measured characteristics, followed by a statistical analysis with elements of electronic calculation.
  • FIG. 1 the general diagram of the humidity meter
  • fig. 2 a detail of the sensor seen in profile
  • FIG. 3 a detail of the same sensor seen from the front.
  • the humidity measuring device is composed by a sensor A composed in turn by a seed tank 1, continued with a passage channel 1 ′ inside which a high voltage source B applies an electrical voltage to an electrode 2 constituted by a semi-flexible, metallic strip tilting on an axis 2 'perpendicular on the axis of the passage channel which projects the seed O towards the second electrode 3 formed as a wall of the channel of passage consisting of a homogeneous dielectric transparent material having a dielectric surface 3 'oriented towards the passage channel, covered by a layer of phosphor 4, and another conductive surface 3 "oriented towards a light photo-sensor 5, which is separated by an optical slit 6.
  • the high voltage source B applies an electric current between the electrode formed by the strip 2 and the conductive surface 3 ".
  • a passage detector 7 counts the number of grains which pass through the sensor.
  • a weighing device 8 measures the variations in weight.
  • the electronic part of the device is constituted by the high voltage source B, by an electronic amplifier of the optical signal C which comes from the sensor 5, by a passage analyzer D which processes the signals captured by the passage detector 7, and the amplifier E which processes the values of the weight picked up by the weighing device 8.
  • the electrical signals coming from the sensors 5, 7, 8, with the parameters of the high voltage source B are analyzed simultaneously by the electronic processing system F in which the different signals are analyzed and correlated according to the value of the humidity recorded on each seed, in comparison with standards and numerical models, by obtaining data of relative and absolute humidity and different quantitative and volume ratios.
  • the seeds entrained in the sensor A by suction, by pressure or free fall in the sensor channel, are fixed between the lamella 2 which by the electrostatic attraction force exerted by the source B is attracted towards the electrode 3; the seeds placed between the two electrodes excite in the high voltage regime controlled the phosphor layer 4 which depending on their humidity gives off an amount of light proportional to their degree of humidity.
  • the tilting strip 2 by transient interruption of the current or by another attraction mechanism such as for example a device controlled by an electromagnet, after the useful measurement time is released leaving free passage for the seed which has been explored.
  • the electrical signal which comes from the sensor 5, directed towards the amplifier G will be calibrated in relative and absolute humidity and correlated with the count value obtained by the detector 7 and the weighing given by the weighing device 8 which are converted into corresponding electrical signals by amplifiers D and E.
  • the electronic processing system F performs the electronic processing and displays the results of the statistical processing.
  • the apparatus produced in accordance with the invention has the advantage of a possibility of rapid measurement carrying out a measurement rate of 180 up to 300 grains per minute sensor, grain by grain analysis, analysis which until now has not has never been carried out by known methods, as well as a complete statistical analysis by electronic calculation means.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

Méthode et appareil de mesure de l'humidité des semences grain par grain par un capteur en électroluminescence (A) composé par un réservoir de semences (1), continué avec un canal de passage (1') dans l'intérieur duquel une source de haute tension (B) applique une tension électrique sur une électrode (2) constituée par une lamelle semi-flexible, métallique basculant sur un axe (2') perpendiculaire sur l'axe du canal de passage qui projete la semence (O) vers la deuxième électrode (3) formée comme une paroi du canal de passage constitué par un matériau transparent diélectrique homogène ayant une surface diélectrique (3') orientée vers le canal de passage, couverte par une couche de luminophore (4) et une autre surface conductrice (3'') orientée vers un photo-capteur de lumière (5). Les signaux électriques de provences du photo-capteur (5) ainsi que les signaux électriques de comptage en provenance du détecteur de passage (7) et du dispositif de pesage (8) sont traités dans les chaînes électroniques (respectivement C, D, E) et analysés par calcul électronique (F).Method and apparatus for measuring grain moisture grain by grain by an electroluminescence sensor (A) composed by a seed tank (1), continued with a passage channel (1 ') inside which a source of high voltage (B) applies an electrical voltage to an electrode (2) constituted by a semi-flexible, metallic strip tilting on an axis (2 ') perpendicular to the axis of the passage channel which projects the seed (O) towards the second electrode (3) formed as a wall of the passage channel consisting of a homogeneous dielectric transparent material having a dielectric surface (3 ') oriented towards the passage channel, covered by a layer of phosphor (4) and another conductive surface ( 3 '') oriented towards a light photo-sensor (5). The electrical signals from the photo-sensor (5) and the electrical counting signals from the passage detector (7) and the weighing device (8) are processed in the electronic chains (respectively C, D, E) and analyzed by electronic calculation (F).

Description

METHODE ET APPAREIL D,HUMIDIMETRIE EN EXPLORATION GRAIN PAR GRAIN.METHOD AND APPARATUS, HUMIDIMETRIE EXPLORATION IN GRAIN BY GRAIN.
La présente invention concerne une méthode et un appareil de mesure de l'humidité relative et absolue des semences par un capteur en électroluminescence en exploration grain par grain et analyse statistique consecutive.The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for measuring the relative and absolute humidity of seeds by an electroluminescence sensor in grain by grain exploration and subsequent statistical analysis.
On connaît des méthodes qui mesurent l'humidité des grains qui prennent en considération différents paramètres électriques comme par exemple la permittivité diélectrique d'un oondensateur dans lequel les grains sont considérés comme couche électrique, la capacité électrique d'un condensateur dans lequel les semences peuvent être considétées également comme diélectrique ou une armature, la résistance ou l'impédance électriques mesurées dans les conditions respectives des courants électriques. Le principal desavantage de ces méthodes consiste dans le fait qu'elles réalisent des mesures sur unnensemble de semences avec les erreurs propres aux procédèes conducto-métriques: la mesure de la moindre résistance électrique. On connaît également des méthodes humidimétriques basées sur la reflection des rayons infra-rouges ou basées sur le phénomène de thérmo-conductivité. Toutes ces méthodes permettent une mesure globale de l'humidité. On connaît aussi des méthodes d'exploration en électroluminescence sur capteurs plans avec détecteurs multiples et comparatifs de la lumière emise, mais ces méthodes ne permettent pas une analyse en flux continu qui est propre aux systèmes humido-métriques, ni une correlation entre le degré d'humidité et le poids et le nombre de semences.Methods are known which measure the moisture of the grains which take into account different electrical parameters such as for example the dielectric permittivity of a capacitor in which the grains are considered as an electric layer, the electrical capacity of a capacitor in which the seeds can be considered also as dielectric or an armature, resistance or electrical impedance measured under the respective conditions of electric currents. The main disadvantage of these methods consists in the fact that they carry out measurements on a set of seeds with the errors specific to conductometric procedures: the measurement of the least electrical resistance. Humidity methods are also known based on the reflection of infrared rays or based on the phenomenon of thermo-conductivity. All these methods allow a global measurement of humidity. There are also known methods of exploration in electroluminescence on flat sensors with multiple and comparative detectors of the emitted light, but these methods do not allow a continuous flow analysis which is specific to humidity-metric systems, nor a correlation between the degree of and weight and number of seeds.
La présente invention elimine touts ces inconvénients des méthodes ennoncées ci-desus,en proposant une méthode et un appareil pour la mesure de l'humidité grain par grain avec une analyse statistique des résultats, concernant la distribution de l'humidité dans une population de semences en fonction de leur nombre et poids.The present invention eliminates all these drawbacks of the methods stated above, by proposing a method and an apparatus for measuring grain-by-grain moisture with a statistical analysis of the results, concerning the distribution of moisture in a seed population. according to their number and weight.
La méthode conformément à l'invention consiste dans le comptage du nombre des grains, de l'humidité mésurée par un capteur en électroluminescence et le poids en établissant des corrélations réciproques entre les trois caractéristiques mesurées, suivies par une analyse statistique avec des élément de calcul électronique.The method according to the invention consists in counting the number of grains, the humidity measured by an electroluminescence sensor and the weight in establishing reciprocal correlations between the three measured characteristics, followed by a statistical analysis with elements of electronic calculation.
Dn présente un exemple de réalisation de la présente invention illustrée par 3 figures représentant: la fig. 1 le schéma général de l'appareil d'humidimétrie, la fig. 2 un détail du capteur vu en profile, la fig. 3 un détail du même capteur vu de face.Dn presents an exemplary embodiment of the present invention illustrated by 3 figures representing: FIG. 1 the general diagram of the humidity meter, fig. 2 a detail of the sensor seen in profile, FIG. 3 a detail of the same sensor seen from the front.
Conformémént à l'invention, l'appareil de mesure de l'humidité est composé par un capteur A composé à son tour par un réservoir de semences 1, continué avec un canal de passage 1' dans l'intérieur duquel une source de haute tension B applique une tension électrique sur une éléctrode 2 constituée par une lamelle semi-flexible, métallique basculant sur un axe 2' perpéndiculaire sur l'axe du canal de passage qui projete la semence O vers la deuxième électrode 3 formée comme une paroi du canal de passage constitué par un matériau transparent diélectrique homogène ayant une surface diélectrique 3' orientée vers le canal de passage, couverte par une couche de luminophore 4, et une autre surface conductrice 3" orientée vers un photo-capteur de lumière 5 , lequel est separé par une fente optique 6. La source de haute tension B applique un courant électrique entre l'électrode formée par la lamelle 2 et la surface conductrice 3". A l'entrée du canal de passage l', un détecteur de passage 7 compte le numéro des grains qui traversent le capteur. A la sortie du canal de passage l', un dispositif de pessage 8 mesure les variations du poids.According to the invention, the humidity measuring device is composed by a sensor A composed in turn by a seed tank 1, continued with a passage channel 1 ′ inside which a high voltage source B applies an electrical voltage to an electrode 2 constituted by a semi-flexible, metallic strip tilting on an axis 2 'perpendicular on the axis of the passage channel which projects the seed O towards the second electrode 3 formed as a wall of the channel of passage consisting of a homogeneous dielectric transparent material having a dielectric surface 3 'oriented towards the passage channel, covered by a layer of phosphor 4, and another conductive surface 3 "oriented towards a light photo-sensor 5, which is separated by an optical slit 6. The high voltage source B applies an electric current between the electrode formed by the strip 2 and the conductive surface 3 ". At the entrance to the passage channel l ', a passage detector 7 counts the number of grains which pass through the sensor. At the outlet of the passage channel l ', a weighing device 8 measures the variations in weight.
La partie électronique de l'appareil est constituée par la source de haute tension B, par un amplificateur électronique du signal optique C qui provient du capteur 5 , par un analyseur de passage D qui traite les signaux saisis par le détecteur de passage 7, et l'amplificateur E qui traite les valeurs du poids captés par le dispositif de pesage 8. Les signaux électriques en provenance des capteurs 5,7,8, avec les paramètres de la source de haute tension B sont analysés simultanément par le système de traitement électronique F dans lequel les différents signaux sont analysés et mis en corrélation en fonction de la valeur de l'humidité enregistrée sur chaque semence, en comparaison avec des étalons et des modèles numériques, en obtenant des données de l'humidité relative et absolue et des différents rapports quantitatifs et volumiques.The electronic part of the device is constituted by the high voltage source B, by an electronic amplifier of the optical signal C which comes from the sensor 5, by a passage analyzer D which processes the signals captured by the passage detector 7, and the amplifier E which processes the values of the weight picked up by the weighing device 8. The electrical signals coming from the sensors 5, 7, 8, with the parameters of the high voltage source B are analyzed simultaneously by the electronic processing system F in which the different signals are analyzed and correlated according to the value of the humidity recorded on each seed, in comparison with standards and numerical models, by obtaining data of relative and absolute humidity and different quantitative and volume ratios.
L'appareil réalisé conformément à l'invention fonctionne de la manière suivante:The apparatus produced in accordance with the invention operates as follows:
Les graines entraînés dans le capteur A par aspiration, par pression ou chute libre dans le canal du capteur, sont fixés entre la lamelle 2 qui par la force d'attraction électrostatique exercée par la source B est attiré vers l'électrode 3; les semences placées entre les deux électrodes excitent dans le régime d'haute tension contrôlée la couche de luminophore 4 qui en fonction de leur humidité dégage une quantité de lumière proportionnelle avec leur degré d'humidité. La lamelle basculante 2 par interruption transitoire du courant ou par un autre mécanisme d'attraction comme par exemple un dispositif commandé par un électro-aimant, après l'instant utile de mesure est dégagé en laissant libre passage pour la semence qui a été explorée.The seeds entrained in the sensor A by suction, by pressure or free fall in the sensor channel, are fixed between the lamella 2 which by the electrostatic attraction force exerted by the source B is attracted towards the electrode 3; the seeds placed between the two electrodes excite in the high voltage regime controlled the phosphor layer 4 which depending on their humidity gives off an amount of light proportional to their degree of humidity. The tilting strip 2 by transient interruption of the current or by another attraction mechanism such as for example a device controlled by an electromagnet, after the useful measurement time is released leaving free passage for the seed which has been explored.
Le signal électrique qui proviens du capteur 5, dirigé vers l'amplificateur G sera étalonné en humidité relative et absolue et mis en corrélation avec la valeur de comptage obtenue par le détecteur 7 et le pesage donné par le dispositif de pesage 8 qui sont convertis en signaux électriques correspondants par les amplificateurs D et E.The electrical signal which comes from the sensor 5, directed towards the amplifier G will be calibrated in relative and absolute humidity and correlated with the count value obtained by the detector 7 and the weighing given by the weighing device 8 which are converted into corresponding electrical signals by amplifiers D and E.
Le système de traitement électronique F réalise le traitement électronique et affiche les résultats du traitement statistique.The electronic processing system F performs the electronic processing and displays the results of the statistical processing.
L'appareil réalisé conformément à l'invention présente l'avantage d'une possibilité de mesure rapide réalisant une cadence de mesure de 180 jusqu'au 300 grains par minute capteur, une analyse grain par grain, analyse qui jusqu'à présent n'a jamais étè réalisée par les méthodes connues, ainsi qu'une analyse statistique complète par moyens de calcul électronique. The apparatus produced in accordance with the invention has the advantage of a possibility of rapid measurement carrying out a measurement rate of 180 up to 300 grains per minute sensor, grain by grain analysis, analysis which until now has not has never been carried out by known methods, as well as a complete statistical analysis by electronic calculation means.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1) Méthode de mesure de l'humidité par un capteur en électroluminescence avec comptage du nombre des grains et mesure du poids en etablissant des corrélations réciproques entre les trois caractéristiques mesurées, suivies par une analyse statistique avec des élements de calcul électronique;1) Method of measuring humidity using an electroluminescence sensor with counting the number of grains and measuring the weight by establishing reciprocal correlations between the three measured characteristics, followed by a statistical analysis with electronic calculation elements;
2) Appareil de mesure de l'humidité conformément à la revendication 1, composé par un capteur (A) composé à son tour par un réservoir de semences (1), continué avec un canal de passage (1') dans l'intérieur duquel une source de haute tension (B) applique une tension électrique sur une électrode2) Humidity measuring device according to claim 1, composed of a sensor (A) in turn composed of a seed reservoir (1), continued with a passage channel (1') in the interior of which a high voltage source (B) applies an electrical voltage to an electrode
(2) constituée par une lamelle semi-flexible, métallique, basculant sur un axe (2') perpendiculaire sur l'axe de canal de passage qui projete la semence (0) vers le deuxième électrode (3) formée comme une paroi du canal de passage, constitué par un matériau transparent diélectrique homogène ayant une surface diélectrique (3') orientée vers le canal de passage, couverte par une couche de luminophore (4), et une autre surface conductrice (3") orientée vers un photo-capteur de lumière (5), dequel est separé par une fente optique (6); un détecteur de passage (7) qui compte le numéro des grains qui traversent le capteur et un dispositif de pesage (8) qui mesure les variations du poids et d'une partie électronique constituée par la source de haute tension (B), par un amplificateur électronique du signal optique (C) qui proviens du capteur (5), par un analyseur de passage (D) qui traite les signaux saisis par le détecteur de passage (7) et l'amplificateur (E) qui traite les valeurs du poids captées par le dispositif de pesage (8);(2) constituted by a semi-flexible, metallic strip, tilting on an axis (2') perpendicular to the axis of the passage channel which projects the seed (0) towards the second electrode (3) formed like a wall of the channel passage, consisting of a homogeneous dielectric transparent material having a dielectric surface (3') oriented towards the passage channel, covered by a phosphor layer (4), and another conductive surface (3") oriented towards a photo-sensor of light (5), from which is separated by an optical slit (6); a passage detector (7) which counts the number of grains which pass through the sensor and a weighing device (8) which measures the variations of the weight and 'an electronic part constituted by the high voltage source (B), by an electronic amplifier of the optical signal (C) which comes from the sensor (5), by a passage analyzer (D) which processes the signals captured by the detector of passage (7) and the amplifier (E) which processes the weight values captured by the weighing device (8);
3) Le système de traitement électronique (F), conformément à la revendication 1, dans lequel les différents signaux sont analysés et mis en corrélation en fonction de la valeur de l'humidité enregistrée sur chaque semence, en comparaison avec des étalons et des modèles numériques, en obtenant des données de l'humidité relative et absolue et des différentes corrélations statistiques. 3) The electronic processing system (F), according to claim 1, in which the different signals are analyzed and correlated according to the humidity value recorded on each seed, in comparison with standards and models digital, obtaining data of relative and absolute humidity and different statistical correlations.
EP19840902714 1983-07-29 1984-07-12 Moisture metering process and apparatus in grain by grain scanning Withdrawn EP0151595A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8312684A FR2549962B1 (en) 1983-07-29 1983-07-29 HUMIDIMETRY METHOD AND APPARATUS IN GRAIN BY GRAIN EXPLORATION
FR8312684 1983-07-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0151595A1 true EP0151595A1 (en) 1985-08-21

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EP (1) EP0151595A1 (en)
AU (1) AU3151284A (en)
FR (1) FR2549962B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1985000656A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5448069A (en) * 1991-04-23 1995-09-05 Buhler Ag Maschinenfabrik Infrared measurement of constituents of particulate foodstuffs
SE468334B (en) * 1991-04-23 1992-12-14 Peter Perten SETTING AND DEVICE FOR INFRASTRUCTURE ANALYSIS, SPECIFICALLY REGARDING FOOD
FR2781757B1 (en) 1998-07-30 2000-09-15 France Mais Union METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PACKING A DETERMINED NUMBER OF GRAINS IN EACH BAG

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56114748A (en) * 1980-02-14 1981-09-09 Satake Eng Co Ltd Grain moisture measuring device
FR2498415A1 (en) * 1981-01-27 1982-07-30 Dumitrescu Ioan APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING THE VIABILITY OF SEEDS OF PLANTS

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8500656A1 *

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FR2549962B1 (en) 1985-11-22
WO1985000656A1 (en) 1985-02-14
FR2549962A1 (en) 1985-02-01
AU3151284A (en) 1985-03-04

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