EP0151011B1 - Sicherheitswiderstandsbauelement - Google Patents

Sicherheitswiderstandsbauelement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0151011B1
EP0151011B1 EP19850300542 EP85300542A EP0151011B1 EP 0151011 B1 EP0151011 B1 EP 0151011B1 EP 19850300542 EP19850300542 EP 19850300542 EP 85300542 A EP85300542 A EP 85300542A EP 0151011 B1 EP0151011 B1 EP 0151011B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
hard elements
hard
bores
pins
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19850300542
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0151011A3 (en
EP0151011A2 (de
Inventor
Anthony John Skelton
George Thomas Allan Blakey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gunnebo UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Chubb and Sons Lock and Safe Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB848402012A external-priority patent/GB8402012D0/en
Priority claimed from GB848406315A external-priority patent/GB8406315D0/en
Application filed by Chubb and Sons Lock and Safe Co Ltd filed Critical Chubb and Sons Lock and Safe Co Ltd
Publication of EP0151011A2 publication Critical patent/EP0151011A2/de
Publication of EP0151011A3 publication Critical patent/EP0151011A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0151011B1 publication Critical patent/EP0151011B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F41H5/0421—Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05G—SAFES OR STRONG-ROOMS FOR VALUABLES; BANK PROTECTION DEVICES; SAFETY TRANSACTION PARTITIONS
    • E05G1/00—Safes or strong-rooms for valuables
    • E05G1/02—Details
    • E05G1/024—Wall or panel structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/023—Armour plate, or auxiliary armour plate mounted at a distance of the main armour plate, having cavities at its outer impact surface, or holes, for deflecting the projectile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of constructing a penetration-resistant barrier structure for use in the doors or walls of safes, strongrooms and the like security enclosures and seeks in particular to provide a form of construction which can be made highly resistant to attacks with drills and punches and which will be suited especially to the localised protection of the locking points or other strategically important regions within a safe or strongroom door for example.
  • barrier structures including elements of a hard mineral or ceramic disposed in a cast matrix.
  • the hard elements are provided in the form of irregularly-shaped nuggets which must therefore be juxtaposed in a somewhat random fashion within the barrier, making it difficult to be sure that there is a sufficient depth of hard material evenly distributed throughout the barrier to provide elongate resistance over the whole of the protected area.
  • One known variation of this comprises a closely-spaced parallel array of discrete high alumina ceramic pins held in a cast aluminium alloy matrix with the longitudinal axes of the pins being arranged perpendicularly to the plane of the barrier (i.e.
  • a lightweight armour intended for protecting e.g. military aircraft or service personnel from projectiles (in the latter case used in bullet-resistant vests) comprising ceramic elements held under hoop stress in a metal plate.
  • the hoop stress is taught to reduce the fragility of the ceramic elements under shock and is achieved by utilizing the high coefficient of thermal expansion of the surrounding metal, the ceramic elements being inserted into cells in a plate which has been heated to, say, 600-900°C, and which on subsequent cooling contracts around the ceramic.
  • the present invention on the other hand resides in a method of constructing a barrier structure comprising a closely-spaced array of regularly-shaped hard elements embedded in parallel bores in a supporting plate or other body, the longitudinal axes of said bores being aligned generally perpendicularly to the plane of the barrier, characterised by the step of forcing elements of a cemented carbide material into respective said parallel bores which are prepared in the supporting body as an interference fit with the respective hard elements such that those elements are securely held under compression in the body by elastic stresses set up in the body as a result of the process of forcing in the hard elements.
  • the hard elements in a structure according to the invention are preferably in the form of pins or balls of the chosen cemented carbide material.
  • These materials also known as “sintered carbides” and “hard metals”, typically comprise compounds of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide or of both together and/or together with tantalum carbide, together with a small amount of a “cementing” metal such as cobalt or nickel.
  • They can be made with both a sufficient hardness, say at least 1400 VPN (Vickers Pyramid Number) at room temperature, to resist the cutting action of the drills or other mechanical cutting tools which are likely to be appropriated for an attack upon the structure, and with a toughness and tensile strength (or transverse rupture strength-say at least 100,000 Ib/in 2 (7,000 kg/cm 2 )) which significantly exceeds that of alumina and the like ceramic materials and which confers upon elements of cemented carbide a greater inherent resistance to destruction by percussion than the ceramics.
  • VPN Vinyl Pyramid Number
  • these materials can also exhibit compressive strengths of, say, at least 400,000 Ib/in 2 (28,000 kg/ cm 2 ) and typically 650,000 Ib/in 2 , (45,000 kg/cm 2 ) which greatly exceeds that of alumina and the like and which enables the elements to be employed in the above-defined "forced-in" construction technique to which much of the improved percussion resistance of the present structure is thought to be attributable.
  • the invention proposes to construct the structure by forcing the hard elements into interference-fit bores prepared in a supporting plate or other body.
  • the residual elastic stresses which are set up in the body as a result of this force fitting of the hard elements exhibit a tightness of hold on the elements such as to maximise resistance to extraction of the elements and to minimise the tendency of the elements to crack or chip under impact loads.
  • Using a steel supporting body gives the further advantage of enabling the barrier to be strongly attached to the associated structure without difficulty eg by welding or other conventional fixation techniques.
  • the form of the hard elements themselves can also be chosen so as to maximise the desired residual and induced stresses in the body and elements after force-fitting.
  • the pins In the case of hard pins, therefore, which will be pressed or driven endwise into the body, it is preferred for the pins to be tapered along much or all of their length.
  • balls may be employed, which have certain advantages from the point of view of production-they will be self-locating in the bores if poured over the surface of the supporting body and may be forced in by a rolling press.
  • each pin 1 is tapered along its length, with a shallow dome at its wider end.
  • the pins are mounted in the plate 2 with their longitudinal axes parallel to each other and the plate will be mounted in the safe door or other structure which it is intended to protect face-on to the anticipated direction of attack and with the domed ends of the pins outwards.
  • the plate 2 is drilled with an array of plain bores 3 ( Figure 3) to define the positions for the pins 1, and with a diameter to be an interference fit with the pins.
  • the narrower end of a pin 1 is then inserted into each bore 3 and the pins are pressed fully home as shown in Figure 2 whence they are securely retained, under a considerable compressive load, by the very high elastic stresses which are induced in the steel surrounding each bore as the tapered pins progressively penetrate the plate.
  • an 8 mm thick plate 2 of 50 mm diameter is provided with an array of 7/64" (2.8 mm) bores in the pattern shown in Figure 1 and at a pitch p of 6 mm.
  • the pins 1 are 8 mm long and have a nominal diameter of 2.8 mm widening to 3.4 mm.
  • This form of structure is particularly suitable for resisting carbide-tipped drills in the diameter range of 10-15 mm; tests have shown that, when attacked, not only is progress through the barrier extremely slow due to the very low cutting rate which can be achieved in any event against the pins 1, but also the carbide drill tips are repeatedly destroyed so that the drill in use must be continually replaced if any progress at all is to be made.
  • the structure illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 comprises a closely-spaced array of discrete tungsten carbide balls 4 held in a mild steel plate 5.
  • the balls are mounted in the plate so as to lie generally in one plane and the plate will be mounted in the safe door or other structure which it is intended to protect face-on to the anticipated direction of attack and with the exposed faces of the balls outwards.
  • this barrier To construct this barrier the plate 5 is drilled with an array of plain blind bores 6 ( Figure 5) to define the positions for the balls 4, and with a diameter to be an interference fit with the balls. A ball 4 is then located in the mouth of each bore 6 and the balls are pressed fully home as shown in Figure 5 whence they are securely retained under compressive load by the very high elastic stresses which are induced in the steel surrouinding each bore as the balls progressively penetrate the plate. As with all the embodiments of the invention this process tends to maximise resistance to extraction of the forced-in carbide elements and to minimise the tendency of these elements to crack or chip under impact loads, the resultant induced compressive stress in the hard inclusions also having the net result of increasing the effective minimum (tensile) stress at which failure of the carbide material occurs.
  • a 6 mm thick plate 2, 64 mm square is provided with an array of 4.5 mm deep 4.2 mm diameter bores in the pattern shown in Figure 4 and at a pitch p' of 8 mm.
  • the balls 4 have a nominal diameter of 4.37 mm.
  • This form of structure is particularly suitable for resisting carbide-tipped drills in the diameter range of 10-20 mm; tests have shown that, when attacked, not only is progress through the barrier extremely slow due to the very low cutting rate which can be achieved in any event against the hard balls 4, and that the spherical surfaces of the balls tends to deflect the drill, but also the carbide drill tips are repeatedly destroyed so that the drill in use must be continually replaced if any progress at all is to be made. As before, this is due to the fact that the geometry of the barrier allows partial penetration of the drill tip into the steel plate whereupon the flanks of the carbide inserts on the drill bit impact the hard balls and are consequently broken or ripped away from the bit.
  • FIGs 6 and 7 there is shown a construction which offers still greater protection against drilling and percussion attacks.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Verfahren zum Aufbauen einer Sicherheitsschrankenkonstruktion, umfassend eine eng gestaffelte Anordnung von regelmäßig geformten, harten, in parallelen Öffnungen (3, 6) in einem Haltekörper eingebetteten Elementen (1,
4), wobei die Längsachse der genannten Bohrungen (3, 6) im allgemeinen lotrecht zu der Ebene der Schranke angeordnet ist, gekennzeichnet durch das Einzwängen von Elementen (1, 4) aus einem Hartmetallmaterial in die entsprechenden Bohrungen (3, 6), die in dem Haltekörper (2, 5) als Preßsitz mit den jeweiligen harten Elementen (1,
4) so vorbereitet sind, daß diese Elemente (1, 4) fest unter den Druck der beim Einzwängen der harten Elemente (1, 4) in dem Körper (2, 5) aufgebauten elastischen Spannungen gehalten wird.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, worin das Material des genannten Körpers (2, 5) bis zu seiner Elastizitätsgrenze um die genannten harten Elemente (1, 4) belastet wird.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin die genannten harten Elemente die Form von Stiften (1) aufweisen.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, worin die genannten Stifte (1) in Längsrichtung konisch zulaufen und mit ihren Enden, die Enden mit dem engeren Durchmesser nach vorne, in die entsprechenden Bohrungen (3) eingesteckt werden.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin die genannten harten Elemente die Form von Kugeln (4) aufweisen.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die Druckfestigkeit des genannten Hartmetallmaterials 400 000 Ib/in2 (28000 kg/ cm2) übersteigt.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die beiden genannten Stützkörper (5), in denen die genannten harten Elemente (4) jeweils in einer Anordnung mit äquivalentem Abstand (P') eingebettet sind, fest miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die eine genannte Anordnung von harten Elementen (4) von der anderen um einen halben genannten Abstand (P'/2) versetzt sind.
EP19850300542 1984-01-26 1985-01-25 Sicherheitswiderstandsbauelement Expired EP0151011B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848402012A GB8402012D0 (en) 1984-01-26 1984-01-26 Security barrier structure
GB8402012 1984-01-26
GB848406315A GB8406315D0 (en) 1984-03-10 1984-03-10 Security barrier structure
GB8406315 1984-03-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0151011A2 EP0151011A2 (de) 1985-08-07
EP0151011A3 EP0151011A3 (en) 1986-04-09
EP0151011B1 true EP0151011B1 (de) 1989-08-16

Family

ID=26287229

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850300542 Expired EP0151011B1 (de) 1984-01-26 1985-01-25 Sicherheitswiderstandsbauelement

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0151011B1 (de)
AU (1) AU571639B2 (de)
ES (1) ES292802Y (de)
GB (1) GB2153406B (de)
NZ (1) NZ210987A (de)
PT (1) PT79886B (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL134642A0 (en) 2000-02-21 2001-05-20 Israel State Ballistic armor panel
WO2018161072A1 (en) * 2017-03-03 2018-09-07 The American University In Cairo Projectile-stopping plates for personal, vehicular and equipment protection
CN111705993B (zh) * 2020-06-24 2024-01-05 王子国 预应力约束块和复合装甲结构

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE711388A (de) * 1967-03-01 1968-08-28
DE2525738A1 (de) * 1975-06-10 1976-12-23 Danzer Josef Helmut Bohrsicheres plattenelement
GB1600247A (en) * 1978-05-11 1981-10-14 Security Lock & Safe Co Security barriers
DE2933026A1 (de) * 1979-08-16 1981-02-26 Battelle Institut E V Bauelement
FR2526535A1 (fr) * 1982-05-04 1983-11-10 Pequignot Michel Plaque de blindage, notamment pour blindage allege

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT79886B (en) 1986-09-11
AU3809685A (en) 1985-08-01
PT79886A (en) 1985-02-01
EP0151011A3 (en) 1986-04-09
GB2153406A (en) 1985-08-21
EP0151011A2 (de) 1985-08-07
ES292802U (es) 1986-12-16
AU571639B2 (en) 1988-04-21
ES292802Y (es) 1987-08-01
GB2153406B (en) 1987-04-15
NZ210987A (en) 1987-11-27
GB8501862D0 (en) 1985-02-27

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