EP0150896A2 - Key mechanism for a keyboard - Google Patents
Key mechanism for a keyboard Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0150896A2 EP0150896A2 EP85300028A EP85300028A EP0150896A2 EP 0150896 A2 EP0150896 A2 EP 0150896A2 EP 85300028 A EP85300028 A EP 85300028A EP 85300028 A EP85300028 A EP 85300028A EP 0150896 A2 EP0150896 A2 EP 0150896A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- members
- keyboard
- axis
- retaining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
- H01H3/12—Push-buttons
- H01H3/122—Push-buttons with enlarged actuating area, e.g. of the elongated bar-type; Stabilising means therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a key mechanism for a keyboard, for example, a computer keyboard.
- a keyboard includes a plurality of keys the top members of which vary in size and shape in order to present to an operator a visual indication of the functions of the keys associated with the top members which are pressed by the operator in using the keyboard.
- Top members which have specially large surfaces may not be pressed centrally and may tilt. It is necessary to provide key mechanisms which operate correctly even when a top member which may tilt is pressed off-centre.
- a key mechanism for a keyboard includes a shaft arranged to transmit an operating force applied to the key mechanism, stabilising arm members connected to the shaft, and guide members for the arm members, the arm and guide members being so arranged as to provide a moment to counter tilting of the shaft caused by the application of an operating force.
- arm members extend from the shaft in directions transverse to the shaft axis and terminate in flanges, the inner surfaces of which lie immediately adjacent to guide members which are arranged parallel to the axis of the shaft. Tilting of the shaft and consequently the arm members may cause binding contact between one flange and its adjacent guide member. A force causing tilting acts through the shaft on the arn members to exert a correcting moment acting about the region of binding contact.
- arm members extend in directions orthogonal to the axis of the shaft and lie in a plane passing through the axis of the shaft. That is, the arm members may lie along lines orthogonal to and passing through the shaft axis.
- Arm members orthogonal to the axis of the shaft may also lie in more than one plane passing through the shaft axis. That is, the arm members may extend in two or more directions radially from the shaft.
- a key assembly for a keyboard includes a top member bearing or adapted to bear a symbol representative of the key function, a shaft connected to the top member arranged to transmit an operating force applied to the top member, stabilising arm members connected to the shaft, and guide members for the arm members, the arm and guide members extending in directions dependent on the shape of the top member and being so arranged as to provide a moment to counter tilting of the shaft caused by the application of an operating force to the top member.
- the arm and guide members are so arranged that any binding force will result in a moment to counter tilting of the shaft caused by an operating force to the top member releasing the binding.
- the key assembly may include any one or more of the alternative arrangements for the key mechanism described above.
- a keyboard includes a plurality of keys the top members of which vary in size and shape. Top members having long relatively narrow forms require means for ensuring movement of the member with mimal tilting regardless of the point of application to the top member of an operating force.
- An arrangement for supporting a long relatively narrow top member for a keyboard includes a linking wire member having a straight middle portion terminated by cranked end portions, clip members integral with the top member holding the end portions of the linking wire. member, and retaining and support members integral with a base member holding the middle portion of the linking wire member, a retaining member and a support member displaced from each other along the middle portion of the linking wire member together acting as a clip member for the linking wire member.
- Clip members may be provided by various combinations of retaining and support members. For example, a single retaining member and a single support member, or a support member straddled by two retaining members, or a retaining member straddled by two support members.
- a support member may be a solid rectangle with a wire-accommodating depression, and a retaining member may be an L-shaped projection.
- the support arrangement includes a new clip member configuration formed by laterally displaced retaining and support members.
- retaining and support members may be employed as clip members for rods or the like, application being particularly suitable for, but not restricted to, keyboards.
- the new clip member configuration simplifies the design of moulding tool dies for producing parts in which integrally formed clip members are desirable.
- a key mechanism for a keyboard for example a computer keyboard, includes a shaft 1 to which is attached a top member 2 by the depression of which an operator effects operation of the key mechanism.
- Two similar arms 3 and 4 are attached to the shaft 1 and extend in opposite directions along a line orthogonal to and in a plane containing the axis of the shaft 1.
- the arms 3 and 4 have respective rectangular flanges 5 and 6 at their outer ends.
- the shaft 1, the arms 3 and 4, and the flanges 5 and 6, are accommodated in a complementary housing 7 which includes guide portions for the shaft 1, the arms 3 and 4, and the flanges 5 and 6, respectively.
- the shaft 1 and its guide portion of the housing 7 are provided with complementary splines (not shown) to prevent twisting of the shaft 1 in its guide.
- the arms 3, 4 extend beyond the shorter edges of the top member 2.
- the key mechanism is movable along the axis of the shaft 1 and is intended to effect the closure of an electrical switch contact located below the key mechanism on the application of a downward force to the top member 2.
- the key mechanism is biassed to its uppermost position by resilient means (not shown) in contact with the lower part of the shaft 1.
- the dimensions of the arms 3 and 4 and the housing 7 are such that the flanges 5 and 6 are able to contact only the inner walls of their respective guide portions of the housing 7 in the event of the shaft 1 tilting under the effect of an off-centre force applied to the top member 2.
- the arms 3 and 4 are accommodated between parallel wall members which join the shaft guide portion and the flange guide portion of the housing 7.
- a downward force F applied at or near an edge of the top member 2 causes tilting of the shaft 1 in addition to forcing it downwards.
- the arms 3 and 4 also tilt, causing the leading edge of the flange 6 to come into binding contact with the inner wall of its guide portion of the housing 7.
- the trailing edge of the flange 5 is brought into sliding contact with the inner wall of its guide portion of the housing 7 and the arm 4 is able to rotate about the region of contact between the flange 6 and the adjacent wall of the housing 7 under the influence of the downward force which acts on the arms 3 and 4 through the shaft 1.
- the overall result is that the shaft 1 and the arms 3 and 4 move downwards under the action of the force F irrespective of the position at which the force F is applied.
- the top member 2 is generally rectangular in plan and has its major axis lying generally parallel with the arms 3 and 4, when viewed from above.
- arm configurations which depart from the arrangement of the lines through the arms 3 and 4 being orthogonal to the axis of the shaft 1 and parallel to the major axis of the top member 2, while still providing the result of causing the shaft 1 and arms 3 and 4 to move downwards under the action of a force such as F irrespective of the position at which the force is applied.
- a key mechanism which includes stabilising arms so arranged in guides as to provide a counter moment to tilting of the arms caused by an operating force applied to the key mechanism.
- a key mechanism for a keyboard for example, a computer keyboard, is represented as a shaft 1 to which is attached a generally L-shaped top member 8, arms 3, 4, and 9 attached to the shaft 1 and terminating in respective flanges 5, 6 and 10, and a housing 11 providing guide portions for the shaft 1 and the flanges 5, 6 and 10.
- the arms 3 and 4 are orthogonal to and lie in a plane containing the axis of the shaft 1.
- the arm 9 is also orthogonal to the axis of the shaft 1 and lies in a plane containing the axis of the shaft 1 and extends generally in the direction of the rectangular extension of the top member 8 creating the L-shape from a basic rectangular shape.
- the arms 3, 4, 9 extend beyond the boundary of the top member 2.
- Fig. 4 operates in the same manner as is illustrated by Fig. 3, any tendency for the shaft 1 to tilt being communicated to the stabilising arms 3, 4, and 9 which provide a counter moment to oppose the tilt.
- orientations of the arms 3, 4 and 9 other than those shown may be employed to produce the stabilising action referred to above.
- a key arrangement for a keyboard for example a computer keyboard, includes a top member 20 by the depression of which an operator effects operation of a key mechanism (not shown) which includes a shaft 21.
- the key arrangement of Fig. 5 is shown inverted, downward movement of the top member 20 being upward movement in Fig. 5.
- the movable top member 20 is supported from a base member by means of a bar member having cranked end portions 22 and 23 joined by a straight middle portion 24.
- the cranked end portions 22 and 23 of the bar member are held by respective clip members 25 and 26 formed integrally with the top member 20 and the straight middle portion 24 of the bar member are held by retaining and support members 27, 28, 29 and 30 formed integrally with the base member.
- a retaining member 27 includes a first portion orthogonal to the base member and extending from its lower surface and a second portion parallel to the base member, while a support member 28 is of solid rectangular form with a depression 33 for accommodating the circular transverse cross-section middle portion 24 of the bar in alignment with a jaw formed between the second portion of the retaining member 27 and the lower surface of the base member.
- the retaining member 27 and support member 28 are spaced slightly but together provide a retaining jaw.
- the retaining member 27 is formed integrally with the base member by the co-operative action of upper and lower parts of a moulding tool, the second portion of the retaining member 27 being made partly by a projection of the upper part of the moulding tool which leaves an aperture 31 in the base member.
- the retaining member 29 and the support member 30 are functionally the same as the member 27 and 28, respectively, and are positioned on the opposite side of the middle portion 24 of the bar member from the members 27 and 28.
- the clip members 25 and 26 and the retaining and support members 27, 28, 29 and 30 provide four jaws which face in the same direction in order to facilitate the insertion of the rod members 22, 23, 24 into the jaws with minimal difficulty.
- retaining and support members may alternatively be arranged as groups of two retaining members 27 and 40 straddling a support member 28 or a retaining member 27 straddled by two support members 28 and 41.
- the spacing between the retaining and support members may be varied from a retaining and a support member being immediately adjacent to each other to a mixture of support and retaining members evenly spaced along the middle portion 24 of the bar member 22, 23, 24.
- the arrangement shown in Fig. 5 may be modified by providing a continuous support member extending from the position of the support member 28 to the support member 30 or a continuous central retaining member may be provided with flanking support members.
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a key mechanism for a keyboard, for example, a computer keyboard.
- A keyboard includes a plurality of keys the top members of which vary in size and shape in order to present to an operator a visual indication of the functions of the keys associated with the top members which are pressed by the operator in using the keyboard. Top members which have specially large surfaces may not be pressed centrally and may tilt. It is necessary to provide key mechanisms which operate correctly even when a top member which may tilt is pressed off-centre.
- According to the present invention, a key mechanism for a keyboard includes a shaft arranged to transmit an operating force applied to the key mechanism, stabilising arm members connected to the shaft, and guide members for the arm members, the arm and guide members being so arranged as to provide a moment to counter tilting of the shaft caused by the application of an operating force.
- In one arrangement of a key mechanism in accordance with the present invention, arm members extend from the shaft in directions transverse to the shaft axis and terminate in flanges, the inner surfaces of which lie immediately adjacent to guide members which are arranged parallel to the axis of the shaft. Tilting of the shaft and consequently the arm members may cause binding contact between one flange and its adjacent guide member. A force causing tilting acts through the shaft on the arn members to exert a correcting moment acting about the region of binding contact.
- Preferably, arm members extend in directions orthogonal to the axis of the shaft and lie in a plane passing through the axis of the shaft. That is, the arm members may lie along lines orthogonal to and passing through the shaft axis.
- Arm members orthogonal to the axis of the shaft may also lie in more than one plane passing through the shaft axis. That is, the arm members may extend in two or more directions radially from the shaft.
- In accordance with the present invention, a key assembly for a keyboard includes a top member bearing or adapted to bear a symbol representative of the key function, a shaft connected to the top member arranged to transmit an operating force applied to the top member, stabilising arm members connected to the shaft, and guide members for the arm members, the arm and guide members extending in directions dependent on the shape of the top member and being so arranged as to provide a moment to counter tilting of the shaft caused by the application of an operating force to the top member.
- The arm and guide members are so arranged that any binding force will result in a moment to counter tilting of the shaft caused by an operating force to the top member releasing the binding.
- The key assembly may include any one or more of the alternative arrangements for the key mechanism described above.
- As explained above, a keyboard includes a plurality of keys the top members of which vary in size and shape. Top members having long relatively narrow forms require means for ensuring movement of the member with mimal tilting regardless of the point of application to the top member of an operating force.
- An arrangement for supporting a long relatively narrow top member for a keyboard includes a linking wire member having a straight middle portion terminated by cranked end portions, clip members integral with the top member holding the end portions of the linking wire. member, and retaining and support members integral with a base member holding the middle portion of the linking wire member, a retaining member and a support member displaced from each other along the middle portion of the linking wire member together acting as a clip member for the linking wire member. The provision of spaced apart retaining and support members permits moulding of the members without the use of a movable portion on the moulding die, and the retaining and support members are nevertheless effective as clip members.
- Clip members may be provided by various combinations of retaining and support members. For example, a single retaining member and a single support member, or a support member straddled by two retaining members, or a retaining member straddled by two support members.
- A support member may be a solid rectangle with a wire-accommodating depression, and a retaining member may be an L-shaped projection.
- The support arrangement, referred to above, includes a new clip member configuration formed by laterally displaced retaining and support members.
- The various possible arrangements of retaining and support members referred to above may be employed as clip members for rods or the like, application being particularly suitable for, but not restricted to, keyboards.
- The new clip member configuration simplifies the design of moulding tool dies for producing parts in which integrally formed clip members are desirable.
- A key mechanism in accordance with the present invention is now to be described by way of example only and with reference ot Figs. 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings, and, an arrangement for supporting a long relatively narrow top member is described with reference to Figs. 5 to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
- In the accompanying drawings,
- Fig. 1 is a transverse cross-sectional representation of a key mechanism, for a keyboard, employing a movable shaft, and two stabilising arms for use with a rectangular top member,
- Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional representation of the key mechanism of Fig. 1 along a line A-A of Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic representation in elevation of the situation which exists in the event of tilting of the shaft and arms of the key mechanissm of Figs. 1 and 2,
- Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic plan representation of a key mechanism, for a keyboard, employing a movable shaft, and three stabilising arms, for use with a generally-L-shaped top member,
- Fig. 5 is a perspective view representation of a key mechanism, for a keyboard, viewed from the underside, employing a movable shaft, a stabilsiing linkage co-operating with clip members, and a long beam-like top member,
- Fig. 6 is a perspective view representation of an alternative arrangement of the clip members of Fig. 5, and,
- Fig. 7 is a perspective view representation of a further alternative arrangement of the clip members of Fig. 5.
- Referring to Fig. 1, a key mechanism for a keyboard, for example a computer keyboard, includes a
shaft 1 to which is attached a top member 2 by the depression of which an operator effects operation of the key mechanism. Twosimilar arms shaft 1 and extend in opposite directions along a line orthogonal to and in a plane containing the axis of theshaft 1. Thearms rectangular flanges shaft 1, thearms flanges shaft 1, thearms flanges shaft 1 and its guide portion of the housing 7 are provided with complementary splines (not shown) to prevent twisting of theshaft 1 in its guide. Thearms - Referring to Fig. 2, the key mechanism is movable along the axis of the
shaft 1 and is intended to effect the closure of an electrical switch contact located below the key mechanism on the application of a downward force to the top member 2. The key mechanism is biassed to its uppermost position by resilient means (not shown) in contact with the lower part of theshaft 1. The dimensions of thearms flanges shaft 1 tilting under the effect of an off-centre force applied to the top member 2. Thearms - Referring to Fig. 3, a downward force F applied at or near an edge of the top member 2 causes tilting of the
shaft 1 in addition to forcing it downwards. Thearms flange 6 to come into binding contact with the inner wall of its guide portion of the housing 7. The trailing edge of theflange 5 is brought into sliding contact with the inner wall of its guide portion of the housing 7 and thearm 4 is able to rotate about the region of contact between theflange 6 and the adjacent wall of the housing 7 under the influence of the downward force which acts on thearms shaft 1. The overall result is that theshaft 1 and thearms - The top member 2 is generally rectangular in plan and has its major axis lying generally parallel with the
arms arms shaft 1 and parallel to the major axis of the top member 2, while still providing the result of causing theshaft 1 andarms - The result is provided by means of a key mechanism which includes stabilising arms so arranged in guides as to provide a counter moment to tilting of the arms caused by an operating force applied to the key mechanism.
- Referring to Fig. 4, a key mechanism for a keyboard, for example, a computer keyboard, is represented as a
shaft 1 to which is attached a generally L-shapedtop member 8,arms shaft 1 and terminating inrespective flanges shaft 1 and theflanges arms shaft 1. The arm 9 is also orthogonal to the axis of theshaft 1 and lies in a plane containing the axis of theshaft 1 and extends generally in the direction of the rectangular extension of thetop member 8 creating the L-shape from a basic rectangular shape. Thearms - The key mechanism represented by Fig. 4 operates in the same manner as is illustrated by Fig. 3, any tendency for the
shaft 1 to tilt being communicated to the stabilisingarms arms - Referring to Fig. 5, a key arrangement for a keyboard, for example a computer keyboard, includes a
top member 20 by the depression of which an operator effects operation of a key mechanism (not shown) which includes ashaft 21. The key arrangement of Fig. 5 is shown inverted, downward movement of thetop member 20 being upward movement in Fig. 5. The movabletop member 20 is supported from a base member by means of a bar member having crankedend portions straight middle portion 24. The crankedend portions respective clip members top member 20 and thestraight middle portion 24 of the bar member are held by retaining and supportmembers - Referring to Fig. 5, a
retaining member 27 includes a first portion orthogonal to the base member and extending from its lower surface and a second portion parallel to the base member, while asupport member 28 is of solid rectangular form with adepression 33 for accommodating the circular transversecross-section middle portion 24 of the bar in alignment with a jaw formed between the second portion of theretaining member 27 and the lower surface of the base member. The retainingmember 27 andsupport member 28 are spaced slightly but together provide a retaining jaw. The retainingmember 27 is formed integrally with the base member by the co-operative action of upper and lower parts of a moulding tool, the second portion of the retainingmember 27 being made partly by a projection of the upper part of the moulding tool which leaves anaperture 31 in the base member. The retainingmember 29 and thesupport member 30 are functionally the same as themember middle portion 24 of the bar member from themembers - As may be seen in Fig. 5, the
clip members support members rod members - Referring to Fig. 6 and then to Fig. 7, retaining and support members may alternatively be arranged as groups of two retaining
members support member 28 or a retainingmember 27 straddled by twosupport members middle portion 24 of thebar member support member 28 to thesupport member 30 or a continuous central retaining member may be provided with flanking support members.
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB08400781A GB2154947A (en) | 1984-01-12 | 1984-01-12 | Key mechanism for a keyboard |
GB8400781 | 1984-01-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0150896A2 true EP0150896A2 (en) | 1985-08-07 |
EP0150896A3 EP0150896A3 (en) | 1985-12-27 |
Family
ID=10554880
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85300028A Withdrawn EP0150896A3 (en) | 1984-01-12 | 1985-01-03 | Key mechanism for a keyboard |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0150896A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS60160523A (en) |
AU (1) | AU3751685A (en) |
BR (1) | BR8500096A (en) |
ES (1) | ES295777Y (en) |
GB (1) | GB2154947A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA8410064B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4022917A1 (en) * | 1990-07-19 | 1992-01-23 | Triumph Adler Ag | KEYBOARD FOR A TYPEWRITER OR THE LIKE |
US5469772A (en) * | 1993-04-01 | 1995-11-28 | Vandervoort; Paul B. | Linearly reciprocating keyboard key incorporating two guide pins |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3681555A (en) * | 1970-10-02 | 1972-08-01 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Play-free knob for push-button switch |
DE2352230B2 (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1975-11-06 | Schoeller & Co, Elektrotechnische Fabrik, 6000 Frankfurt | Push button assembly |
DE7403509U (en) * | 1974-02-01 | 1977-11-10 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | LONGITUDING SEVERAL SINGLE KEYS EXTENDING WIDE KEY |
DE2823367A1 (en) * | 1978-05-29 | 1979-12-06 | Blaupunkt Werke Gmbh | Pushbutton movable in guide - uses pushbutton with guiding ribs and guide aligning strips to prevent button from rotating |
GB2089128A (en) * | 1980-12-05 | 1982-06-16 | Burroughs Corp | Keyboards |
US4384796A (en) * | 1982-03-18 | 1983-05-24 | Oak Industries Inc. | Keyboard space bar stabilizer |
US4392037A (en) * | 1980-06-07 | 1983-07-05 | Burroughs Corporation | Stabilized button for an electrical keyboard |
-
1984
- 1984-01-12 GB GB08400781A patent/GB2154947A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-12-27 ZA ZA8410064A patent/ZA8410064B/en unknown
-
1985
- 1985-01-03 EP EP85300028A patent/EP0150896A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-01-08 AU AU37516/85A patent/AU3751685A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1985-01-10 BR BR8500096A patent/BR8500096A/en unknown
- 1985-01-11 JP JP60003153A patent/JPS60160523A/en active Pending
- 1985-01-11 ES ES1985295777U patent/ES295777Y/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3681555A (en) * | 1970-10-02 | 1972-08-01 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Play-free knob for push-button switch |
DE2352230B2 (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1975-11-06 | Schoeller & Co, Elektrotechnische Fabrik, 6000 Frankfurt | Push button assembly |
DE7403509U (en) * | 1974-02-01 | 1977-11-10 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | LONGITUDING SEVERAL SINGLE KEYS EXTENDING WIDE KEY |
DE2823367A1 (en) * | 1978-05-29 | 1979-12-06 | Blaupunkt Werke Gmbh | Pushbutton movable in guide - uses pushbutton with guiding ribs and guide aligning strips to prevent button from rotating |
US4392037A (en) * | 1980-06-07 | 1983-07-05 | Burroughs Corporation | Stabilized button for an electrical keyboard |
GB2089128A (en) * | 1980-12-05 | 1982-06-16 | Burroughs Corp | Keyboards |
US4384796A (en) * | 1982-03-18 | 1983-05-24 | Oak Industries Inc. | Keyboard space bar stabilizer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3751685A (en) | 1985-08-01 |
EP0150896A3 (en) | 1985-12-27 |
GB8400781D0 (en) | 1984-02-15 |
JPS60160523A (en) | 1985-08-22 |
ES295777Y (en) | 1987-12-16 |
ZA8410064B (en) | 1986-04-30 |
ES295777U (en) | 1987-06-16 |
GB2154947A (en) | 1985-09-18 |
BR8500096A (en) | 1985-08-20 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19860827 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: AMSTRAD CONSUMER ELECTRONICS PLC |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19871203 |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19870804 |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: SOUTHWARD, DAVID CONNER |