EP0150138A2 - Safety device for constant-pressure fuel-injection valve of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Safety device for constant-pressure fuel-injection valve of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0150138A2
EP0150138A2 EP19850400023 EP85400023A EP0150138A2 EP 0150138 A2 EP0150138 A2 EP 0150138A2 EP 19850400023 EP19850400023 EP 19850400023 EP 85400023 A EP85400023 A EP 85400023A EP 0150138 A2 EP0150138 A2 EP 0150138A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
ball
safety device
injected
injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19850400023
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0150138A3 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Jourde
Marc Miettaux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault SAS
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Original Assignee
Renault SAS
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
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Publication date
Application filed by Renault SAS, Regie Nationale des Usines Renault filed Critical Renault SAS
Publication of EP0150138A2 publication Critical patent/EP0150138A2/en
Publication of EP0150138A3 publication Critical patent/EP0150138A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0205—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively for cutting-out pumps or injectors in case of abnormal operation of the engine or the injection apparatus, e.g. over-speed, break-down of fuel pumps or injectors ; for cutting-out pumps for stopping the engine
    • F02M63/0215—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively for cutting-out pumps or injectors in case of abnormal operation of the engine or the injection apparatus, e.g. over-speed, break-down of fuel pumps or injectors ; for cutting-out pumps for stopping the engine by draining or closing fuel conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7869—Biased open

Definitions

  • the invention relates to safety devices carried by the injection valves of internal combustion engines.
  • the injection principle known as "Pressure-Time” is known, characterized by the use of injection valves, supplied under a normally constant pressure, delivering an amount of fuel in proportion to their opening time.
  • Injection valves of this kind have the disadvantage that in the event of needle seizure, rupture of the injector nozzle or failure of the control system, it is no longer possible to regulate the quantity of fuel injected, the engine can then suffer major damage.
  • a known device of this type is described in patent FR 1 555 369. It consists of an apparatus placed in the inlet pipe of the injection valve and / or in the exhaust pipe of the / or control which are electromagnetically actuated, which closes one or other of the lines described above, this in case of exceeding the maximum admissible quantity of fuel injected.
  • This equipment mainly consists of a piston moving in a bore.
  • This piston is held on one side by a spring, a pipe comprising a restriction is formed parallel to the bore of the piston, this pipe opens into the bore on the spring side.
  • the side of the piston opposite the spring is connected to the fuel inlet and to the other end of the pipe designated above; the face of the piston, spring side, is in communication with the injection valve.
  • the injection valve When the injection occurs, the pressure drops on the face of the piston causing the latter to move by compressing the spring, at the end of injection the piston is brought back by the spring.
  • the piston performs a movement such that it closes the pipe described above, thus interrupting the flow.
  • the restriction provided in the pipeline is provided so that the piston can be returned to its original position under the action of the spring between two successive injections, even at the highest speed of the engine.
  • the invention aims to limit injection when the quantity of fuel injected exceeds a maximum admissible value but also when the engine speed exceeds a given level.
  • this safety device closes the main supply line for the electromagnetically controlled injection valve, permanently and permanently in the event of the maximum admissible quantity of fuel being exceeded. injected or exceeding the order frequency for a given injected quantity, less than the maximum admissible quantity.
  • this safety device comprises a ball, a piston provided with a calibrated orifice arranged in series with the main pipe, a guide sleeve for this piston and a return spring for this piston, these constituent elements being assembled so as to allow on the one hand, this piston to travel during each injection, a path varying according to the quantity delivered and to return to the rest position between two successive injections by the action of this spring , and secondly, this ball to close the single section of passage of this sleeve as soon as the stroke of the piston reaches a preset value corresponding to a maximum admissible quantity injected.
  • the safety device for a constant pressure injection valve of an internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 1, comprises a ball 2 of diameter D resting on a hollow piston 4 quid by a sleeve 6 and recalled by an inner spring 8.
  • This piston has a calibrated orifice with nozzle 10 of diameter d which connects the inlet 12 of the main pipe 14 supplying a non-electromagnetic control valve shown, at exit 16 of the safety device.
  • the sleeve 6 is made of a metal that is relatively softer than the material of the ball 2 and the diameter D ′ for guiding the piston or internal diameter of the sleeve is slightly less than that D of the ball.
  • the center of the ball 2 is separated from the edge 18 of the sleeve 6 by a maximum distance X + E ( ⁇ > 0), X representing the maximum displacement of this ball until contact with the sleeve 6.
  • the piston is arranged above the ball itself raised by the return spring.
  • FIG. 3 Another constructive arrangement illustrated in FIG. 3 can be adopted by leaving a clearance between the ball and the bore 20 in which it moves, such that the passage section thus defined is identical to that of the nozzle 10 represented in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Figure 4 shows the movement of the ball 2 bearing on the piston 4, as a function of time. This movement and the injection rate shown in FIG. 5 are synchronized for a duration of time Ti.
  • the return time of the ball under the effect of the return spring corresponds to Tr.
  • the sum Ti + Tr is provided at a value slightly less than an injection period.
  • the value X represents the maximum stroke of the ball, provided to allow the maximum amount of fuel to be injected, which causes the locking of the safety device.
  • Figures 6, 7 and 8 illustrate a case of exceeding the maximum amount injected resulting in safety.
  • the second pulse of the control signal shown in Figure 6 for an electromagnetic valve is too long; the injection time Ti then reaches a fixed value Tm causing a maximum displacement X of the ball, which causes the safety device (cf. FIGS. 7 and 8).
  • Figures 9, 10 and 11 illustrate a case of exceeding the engine speed resulting in safety.
  • Figure 9 shows the periodic control signal of an electromagnetic valve.
  • Figure 10 shows the quantity injected as a function of time.
  • the period Pc of the control signal is less than the sum (Ti + Tr) representing the period specific to the safety device.
  • the displacement of the ball increases by the value x.
  • the device goes into safety (Xi represents the initial displacement of the ball and n the number of abnormal injections).
  • FIG. 12 shows the overall operation of the safety device with the point Qi indicating the maximum quantity that can be injected, the point Ni indicating the start of the regression of the maximum flow rate as a function of the speed, the point Nm indicating the maximum speed that can theoretically be obtained with a very small amount injected.
  • the engine operating limits must be limited to this trapezoid, for example the OQMN rectangle.

Abstract

Dispositif de sécurité pour soupape d'injection à pression constante de moteur à combustion interne. Suivant l'invention, il obture la canalisation principale d'alimentation (14) de cette soupape de façon permanente et définitive en cas de dépassement de la quantité maximale admissible de carburant injectée ou de dépassement de la fréquence de commande pour une quantité injectée donnée, inférieure la quantité maximale admissible. Application : notamment à l'injection diesel du type pression - temps.Safety device for constant pressure injection valve of internal combustion engine. According to the invention, it closes the main supply pipe (14) of this valve permanently and definitively in the event of exceeding the maximum admissible quantity of fuel injected or of exceeding the control frequency for a given injected quantity, lower than the maximum allowable quantity. Application: in particular to diesel injection of the pressure - time type.

Description

L'invention se rapporte aux dispositifs de sécurité portés par les soupapes d'injection des moteurs à combustion interne. On connaît le principe d'injection dit "Pression-Temps" caractérisé par l'utilisation de soupapes d'injection, alimentées sous une pression normalement constante, délivrant une quantité de combustible en proportion de leur temps d'ouverture. Les soupapes d'injection de ce genre ont l'inconvénient qu'en cas de grippage du pointeau, de rupture du bec d'injecteur ou de défaillance du système de pilotage, il n'est plus possible de régler la quantité de combustible injectée, le moteur pouvant subir, alors, de gros endommagements.The invention relates to safety devices carried by the injection valves of internal combustion engines. The injection principle known as "Pressure-Time" is known, characterized by the use of injection valves, supplied under a normally constant pressure, delivering an amount of fuel in proportion to their opening time. Injection valves of this kind have the disadvantage that in the event of needle seizure, rupture of the injector nozzle or failure of the control system, it is no longer possible to regulate the quantity of fuel injected, the engine can then suffer major damage.

Un dispositif connu de ce type est décrit dans le brevet FR 1 555 369. Il consiste en un appareillage placé dans la canalisation d'admission de la soupape d'injection et/ou dans la canalisation d'échappement de la/ou des soupapes de commande qui sont actionnées électromagnétiquement, qui obture l'une ou l'autre des canalisations décrites ci-dessus, cela en cas de dépassement de la quantité maximale admissible de carburant injecté.A known device of this type is described in patent FR 1 555 369. It consists of an apparatus placed in the inlet pipe of the injection valve and / or in the exhaust pipe of the / or control which are electromagnetically actuated, which closes one or other of the lines described above, this in case of exceeding the maximum admissible quantity of fuel injected.

Cet appareillage se compose principalement d'un piston se mouvant dans un alésage. Ce piston est maintenu d'un côté par un ressort, une canalisation comportant une restriction est ménagée parallèlement à l'alésage du piston, cette canalisation débouche dans l'alésage côté ressort. La face du piston opposée au ressort est reliée à l'arrivée de combustible et à l'autre extrémité de la canalisation désignée ci-dessus ; la face du piston, côté ressort, est en communication avec la soupape d'injection. Lorsque l'injection se produit, la pression s'abaisse sur la face du piston faisant déplacer ce dernier en comprimant le ressort, en fin d'injection le piston est ramené par le ressort. Au cas où la soupape d'injection est défectueuse, le piston effectue un déplacement tel qu'il vient obturer la canalisation décrite plus haut interrompant ainsi le débit. La restriction prévue dans la canalisation est prévue pour que le piston puisse être ramené à sa position primitive sous l'action du ressort entre deux injections successives et ceci, même à la plus grande vitesse du moteur.This equipment mainly consists of a piston moving in a bore. This piston is held on one side by a spring, a pipe comprising a restriction is formed parallel to the bore of the piston, this pipe opens into the bore on the spring side. The side of the piston opposite the spring is connected to the fuel inlet and to the other end of the pipe designated above; the face of the piston, spring side, is in communication with the injection valve. When the injection occurs, the pressure drops on the face of the piston causing the latter to move by compressing the spring, at the end of injection the piston is brought back by the spring. In the event that the injection valve is defective, the piston performs a movement such that it closes the pipe described above, thus interrupting the flow. The restriction provided in the pipeline is provided so that the piston can be returned to its original position under the action of the spring between two successive injections, even at the highest speed of the engine.

L'invention vise à limiter l'injection lorsque la quantité de combustible injectée dépasse une valeur maximale admissible mais également lorsque le régime moteur dépasse un niveau donné.The invention aims to limit injection when the quantity of fuel injected exceeds a maximum admissible value but also when the engine speed exceeds a given level.

L'invention se propose de fournir un dispositif du type décrit ci-dessus qui présente une amélioration sur les points suivants :

  • - simplicité de fabrication ;
  • - fiabilité de l'étanchéité en cas de fermeture du dispositif ;
  • - indication de la/des soupape(s) d'injection concernée(s) par un défaut ;
  • - possibilité d'utiliser les autres soupapes d'injection bien que l'une d'elles soit défectueuse et ceci sans perte de carburant dans la soupape défectueuse ; et
  • - possibilité de remettre en fonctionnement le moteur utilisant ce type de soupape d'injection bien que l'une d'entre elles soit défectueuse, sans perte de carburant par cette dernière.
The invention proposes to provide a device of the type described above which presents an improvement in the following points:
  • - simplicity of manufacture;
  • - reliability of the seal in the event of closure of the device;
  • - indication of the injection valve (s) affected by a fault;
  • - possibility of using the other injection valves although one of them is defective and this without loss of fuel in the defective valve; and
  • - possibility of restarting the engine using this type of injection valve although one of them is defective, without loss of fuel by the latter.

A cet effet, et suivant une particularité de l'invention, ce dispositif de sécurité obture la canalisation principale d'alimentation de la soupape d'injection à commande électromagnétique, de façon permanente et définitive en cas de dépassement de la quantité maximale admissible de carburant injectée ou de dépassement de la fréquence de commande pour une quantité injectée donnée, inférieure à la quantité maximale admissible.To this end, and according to a feature of the invention, this safety device closes the main supply line for the electromagnetically controlled injection valve, permanently and permanently in the event of the maximum admissible quantity of fuel being exceeded. injected or exceeding the order frequency for a given injected quantity, less than the maximum admissible quantity.

Suivant une autre particularité de l'invention, ce dispositif de sécurité comprend une bille, un piston pourvu d'un orifice calibré disposé en série avec la canalisation principale, un manchon de guidage de ce piston et un ressort de rappel de ce piston, ces éléments constitutifs étant assemblés de façon à permettre d'une part, à ce piston de parcourir lors de chaque injection, un trajet variant en fonction de la quantité débitée et de revenir en position de repos entre deux injections successives par l'action de ce ressort, et d'autre part, à cette bille d'obturer la section unique de passage de ce manchon dès que la course du piston atteint une valeur préétablie correspondant à une quantité injectée maximale admissible.According to another feature of the invention, this safety device comprises a ball, a piston provided with a calibrated orifice arranged in series with the main pipe, a guide sleeve for this piston and a return spring for this piston, these constituent elements being assembled so as to allow on the one hand, this piston to travel during each injection, a path varying according to the quantity delivered and to return to the rest position between two successive injections by the action of this spring , and secondly, this ball to close the single section of passage of this sleeve as soon as the stroke of the piston reaches a preset value corresponding to a maximum admissible quantity injected.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit de trois modes de réalisation, donnée à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • - les figures 1, 2 et 3 représentent des vues schématiques de trois modes de réalisation respectifs d'un dispositif de sécurité conforme à l'invention ;
  • - la figure 4 est une courbe illustrant le déplacement de la bille d'un dispositif de sécurité représenté aux figures 1, 2 et 3 en fonction du temps ;
  • - la figure 5 est une courbe correspondant à celle de la figure 4 et illustrant la variation de la quantité injectée de combustible en fonction du temps ;
  • - les figures 6, 7 et 8 représentent, pour un cas de dépassement de la quantité injectée maximale, des courbes de variation en fonction du temps, respectivement du signal de commande d'une soupape électromagnétique, de la quantité injectée de combustible et du déplacement de la bille correspondant à l'un des dispositifs de sécurité des figures 1, 2 et 3 ;
  • - les figures 9, 10 et 11 représentent, pour un cas de dépassement du régime moteur, des courbes analogues à celles des figures 6, 7 et 8 ; et
  • - la figure 12 représente une courbe de variation extrême du régime moteur en fonction de la quantité injectée de combustible avec un dispositif de sécurité conforme à l'invention, qui permet de définir les limites de fonctionnement du moteur.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of three embodiments, given by way of non-limiting examples and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • - Figures 1, 2 and 3 show schematic views of three respective embodiments of a security device according to the invention;
  • - Figure 4 is a curve illustrating the movement of the ball of a safety device shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 as a function of time;
  • - Figure 5 is a curve corresponding to that of Figure 4 and illustrating the variation of the quantity of fuel injected as a function of time;
  • - Figures 6, 7 and 8 show, for a case of exceeding the maximum injected quantity, variation curves as a function of time, respectively of the control signal of an electromagnetic valve, the quantity injected with fuel and the displacement the ball corresponding to one of the safety devices of Figures 1, 2 and 3;
  • - Figures 9, 10 and 11 show, for a case of exceeding the engine speed, curves similar to those of Figures 6, 7 and 8; and
  • - Figure 12 shows an extreme variation curve of the engine speed as a function of the quantity of fuel injected with a safety device according to the invention, which makes it possible to define the operating limits of the engine.

Conformément à l'invention, le dispositif de sécurité pour soupape d'injection à pression constante de moteur à combustion interne, représenté à la figure 1, comprend une bille 2 de diamètre D en appui sur un piston creux 4 quidé par un manchon 6 et rappelé par un ressort intérieur 8. Ce piston comporte un orifice calibré à gicleur 10 de diamètre d qui relie l'entrée 12 de la canalisation principale 14 d'alimentation d'une soupape à commande électromagnétique non représentée, à la sortie 16 du dispositif de sécurité. Le manchon 6 est constitué d'un métal relativement plus tendre que la matière de la bille 2 et le diamètre D' de guidage du piston ou diamètre intérieur du manchon est légèrement inférieur à celui D de la bille.According to the invention, the safety device for a constant pressure injection valve of an internal combustion engine, shown in FIG. 1, comprises a ball 2 of diameter D resting on a hollow piston 4 quid by a sleeve 6 and recalled by an inner spring 8. This piston has a calibrated orifice with nozzle 10 of diameter d which connects the inlet 12 of the main pipe 14 supplying a non-electromagnetic control valve shown, at exit 16 of the safety device. The sleeve 6 is made of a metal that is relatively softer than the material of the ball 2 and the diameter D ′ for guiding the piston or internal diameter of the sleeve is slightly less than that D of the ball.

Le centre de la bille 2 est séparé du bord 18 du manchon 6 d'une distance maximale X + E (ε>0), X représentant le déplacement maximal de cette bille jusqu'au contact avec le manchon 6.The center of the ball 2 is separated from the edge 18 of the sleeve 6 by a maximum distance X + E (ε> 0), X representing the maximum displacement of this ball until contact with the sleeve 6.

Suivant un autre mode de construction illustré à la figure 2, le piston est disposé au-dessus de la bille elle-même soulevée par le ressort de rappel.According to another mode of construction illustrated in FIG. 2, the piston is arranged above the ball itself raised by the return spring.

Une autre disposition constructive illustrée à la figure 3 peut être adoptée en ménageant un jeu entre la bille et l'alésage 20 dans laquelle elle se déplace, tel que la section de passage ainsi définie soit identique à celle d du gicleur 10 représenté aux figures 1 et 2.Another constructive arrangement illustrated in FIG. 3 can be adopted by leaving a clearance between the ball and the bore 20 in which it moves, such that the passage section thus defined is identical to that of the nozzle 10 represented in FIGS. 1 and 2.

En référence aux figures 1 à 12, le dispositif de sécurité précédemment décrit fonctionne de la manière suivante : A l'instant de l'injection, il se produit une dépression à la sortie 16 du dispositif de sécurité dans la canalisation 14. Celle-ci provoque un déplacement A du piston 4 par l'effet de la chute de pression existant entre les deux faces du piston par l'intermédiaire de l'orifice calibré 10. A la fin de l'injection, la quantité qui aura été débitée sera : Q = Π/4.D'2.Δ. Le débit est arrêté du fait de la fermeture de l'injecteur et la dépression à la sortie 16 disparaît. Le ressort de rappel 8 repousse alors le piston 4 ainsi que la bille 2 et les replace dans leurs positions initiales en attente de l'injection suivante.With reference to FIGS. 1 to 12, the safety device described above operates in the following manner: At the time of injection, there is a vacuum at the outlet 16 of the safety device in the pipe 14. The latter causes displacement A of piston 4 by the effect of the pressure drop existing between the two faces of piston by through the calibrated orifice 10. At the end of the injection, the quantity which will have been charged will be: Q = Π / 4.D ' 2 .Δ. The flow is stopped due to the closing of the injector and the vacuum at the outlet 16 disappears. The return spring 8 then pushes the piston 4 and the ball 2 and returns them to their initial positions awaiting the next injection.

En cas de défaut, par exemple un temps d'injection trop grand, un injecteur resté ouvert ou une fuite de combustible, le déplacement du piston 4 atteint une valeur A = X. A cet instant, le débit se trouve arrêté par l'interposition de la bille 2 dans le manchon de guidage 6 d'une part, et toute la pression du circuit s'exerçant sur la section de la bille 2, celle-ci se trouve repoussée contre ce manchon de diamètre intérieur D' (DI 4 D) sous l'effet de la force ainsi créée. Comme cette force de poussée est largement supérieure à la force du ressort de rappel 8, la bille conserve cette position d'appui et isole parfaitement le circuit défectueux.In the event of a fault, for example an injection time that is too long, an injector that remains open or a fuel leak, the displacement of the piston 4 reaches a value A = X. At this instant, the flow is stopped by the interposition of the ball 2 in the guide sleeve 6 on the one hand, and all the pressure of the circuit being exerted on the section of the ball 2, the latter is pushed against this sleeve with an internal diameter D '(DI 4 D ) under the effect of the force thus created. As this thrust force is much greater than the force of the return spring 8, the ball retains this support position and perfectly isolates the defective circuit.

La figure 4 montre le déplacement de la bille 2 en appui sur le piston 4, en fonction du temps. Ce déplacement et le débit d'injection représenté à la figure 5 sont synchronisés pendant une durée de temps Ti. Le temps de retour de la bille sous l'effet du ressort de rappel correspond à Tr. La somme Ti + Tr est prévue à une valeur légèrement inférieure à une période d'injection. La valeur X représente la course maximale de la bille, prévue pour permettre la quantité maximale de combustible à injecter, qui entraîne le verrouillage du dispositif de sécurité.Figure 4 shows the movement of the ball 2 bearing on the piston 4, as a function of time. This movement and the injection rate shown in FIG. 5 are synchronized for a duration of time Ti. The return time of the ball under the effect of the return spring corresponds to Tr. The sum Ti + Tr is provided at a value slightly less than an injection period. The value X represents the maximum stroke of the ball, provided to allow the maximum amount of fuel to be injected, which causes the locking of the safety device.

Les figures 6, 7 et 8 illustrent un cas de dépassement de la quantité injectée maximale entraînant la mise en sécurité. La deuxième impulsion du signal de commande représenté à la figure 6 pour une soupape électromagnétique se prolonge trop ; le temps d'injection Ti atteint alors une valeur fixée Tm entraînant un déplacement maximal X de la bille, ce qui provoque la mise en sécurité (cf. figures 7 et 8).Figures 6, 7 and 8 illustrate a case of exceeding the maximum amount injected resulting in safety. The second pulse of the control signal shown in Figure 6 for an electromagnetic valve is too long; the injection time Ti then reaches a fixed value Tm causing a maximum displacement X of the ball, which causes the safety device (cf. FIGS. 7 and 8).

Les figures 9, 10 et 11 illustrent un cas de dépassement du régime moteur entraînant la mise en sécurité.Figures 9, 10 and 11 illustrate a case of exceeding the engine speed resulting in safety.

La figure 9 montre le signal périodique de commande d'une soupape électromagnétique. La figure 10 montre la quantité injectée en fonction du temps. Comme cela est visible à la figure 11, la période Pc du signal de commande est inférieure à la somme (Ti + Tr) représentant la période propre au dispositif de sécurité. Au retour de la bille 2, celle-ci ne peut reprendre sa position de repos et se retrouve décalée d'une valeur x0 (cf. figure 11) ; à chaque injection, le déplacement de la bille croît de la valeur x . Lorsque l'on parvient à l'identité de X avec Xi + nx , le dispositif se met en sécurité (Xi représente le déplacement initial de la bille et n le nombre d'injections anormales).Figure 9 shows the periodic control signal of an electromagnetic valve. Figure 10 shows the quantity injected as a function of time. As can be seen in FIG. 11, the period Pc of the control signal is less than the sum (Ti + Tr) representing the period specific to the safety device. When ball 2 returns, it cannot return to its rest position and is offset by a value x 0 (see Figure 11); with each injection, the displacement of the ball increases by the value x. When we arrive at the identity of X with Xi + nx, the device goes into safety (Xi represents the initial displacement of the ball and n the number of abnormal injections).

La figure 12 montre le fonctionnement global du dispositif de sécurité avec le point Qi indiquant la quantité maximale pouvant être injectée, le point Ni indiquant le départ de la régression du débit maximum en fonction du régime, le point Nm indiquant le régime maximum pouvant théoriquement être obtenu avec une très faible quantité injectée. Les limites de fonctionnement du moteur devront être circonscrites à ce trapèze, par exemple le rectangle OQMN.FIG. 12 shows the overall operation of the safety device with the point Qi indicating the maximum quantity that can be injected, the point Ni indicating the start of the regression of the maximum flow rate as a function of the speed, the point Nm indicating the maximum speed that can theoretically be obtained with a very small amount injected. The engine operating limits must be limited to this trapezoid, for example the OQMN rectangle.

Claims (3)

1. Dispositif de sécurité pour soupape d'injection à pression constante de moteur à combustion interne, caractérisé en ce qu'il obture la canalisation principale d'alimentation de cette soupape de façon permanente et définitive en cas de dépassement de la quantité maximale admissible de carburant injectée ou de dépassement de la fréquence de commande pour une quantité injectée donnée, inférieure à la quantité maximale admissible.1. Safety device for a constant pressure injection valve of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that it closes the main supply pipe for this valve permanently and permanently in the event of the maximum admissible quantity of fuel injected or exceeding the order frequency for a given injected quantity, less than the maximum admissible quantity. 2. Dispositif de sécurité suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une bille (2), un piston (4) pourvu d'un orifice calibré (10) disposé en série avec la canalisation principale (14), un manchon (6) de guidage de ce piston (4) et un ressort de rappel (8) de ce piston, ces éléments constitutifs étant assemblés de façon à permettre d'une part, à ce piston de parcourir lors de chaque injection, un trajet variant en fonction de la quantité débitée et de revenir en position de repos entre deux injections successives par l'action de ce ressort (8), et d'autre part, à cette bille (2) d'obturer la section unique de passage (18) de ce manchon (6) dès que la course du piston (4) atteint une valeur préétablie correspondant à une quantité injectée maximale admissible.2. Safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a ball (2), a piston (4) provided with a calibrated orifice (10) disposed in series with the main pipe (14), a sleeve (6) for guiding this piston (4) and a return spring (8) for this piston, these constituent elements being assembled so as to allow, on the one hand, this piston to travel during each injection, a path varying according to the quantity delivered and to return to the rest position between two successive injections by the action of this spring (8), and on the other hand, to this ball (2) to close the single passage section (18 ) of this sleeve (6) as soon as the piston stroke (4) reaches a preset value corresponding to a maximum admissible injected quantity. 3. Dispositif de sécurité suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une bille (2), un alésage (20), un machon (6) et un ressort de rappel (8), ces éléments constitutifs étant disposés de façon à permettre d'une part, à cette bille (2) de parcourir lors de chaque injection, un trajet variant en fonction de la quantité débitée et au-travers de cet alésage (20) avec un jeu déterminé, et de revenir en position de repos entre deux injections successives par l'action de ce ressort (8), et d'autre part, à cette bille (2) d'obturer la section unique de passage (18) de ce manchon (6) dès que sa course atteint une valeur préétablie correspondant à une quantité injectée maximale admissible.3. Safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a ball (2), a bore (20), a machon (6) and a return spring (8), these constituent elements being arranged so to allow on the one hand, to this ball (2) to travel during each injection, a path varying according of the quantity delivered and through this bore (20) with a determined clearance, and to return to the rest position between two successive injections by the action of this spring (8), and on the other hand, to this ball (2) to close the single passage section (18) of this sleeve (6) as soon as its stroke reaches a predetermined value corresponding to a maximum admissible quantity injected.
EP19850400023 1984-01-23 1985-01-08 Safety device for constant-pressure fuel-injection valve of an internal combustion engine Withdrawn EP0150138A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8400973 1984-01-23
FR8400973A FR2558533B1 (en) 1984-01-23 1984-01-23 SAFETY DEVICE FOR AN INJECTION VALVE OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0150138A2 true EP0150138A2 (en) 1985-07-31
EP0150138A3 EP0150138A3 (en) 1985-09-11

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EP19850400023 Withdrawn EP0150138A3 (en) 1984-01-23 1985-01-08 Safety device for constant-pressure fuel-injection valve of an internal combustion engine

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US (1) US4589393A (en)
EP (1) EP0150138A3 (en)
JP (1) JPH0637865B2 (en)
ES (1) ES8606578A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2558533B1 (en)

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DE19747092A1 (en) * 1997-10-24 1999-04-29 Siemens Ag Flow limiting valve common rail IC engine with electrically controlled fuel injection

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DE19747092B4 (en) * 1997-10-24 2005-01-13 Siemens Ag Flow limiting device for internal combustion engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4589393A (en) 1986-05-20
EP0150138A3 (en) 1985-09-11
ES8606578A1 (en) 1986-04-01
JPS60159366A (en) 1985-08-20
FR2558533A1 (en) 1985-07-26
JPH0637865B2 (en) 1994-05-18
FR2558533B1 (en) 1986-06-13
ES539735A0 (en) 1986-04-01

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