EP0148554A2 - Coal gasification process - Google Patents

Coal gasification process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0148554A2
EP0148554A2 EP84305601A EP84305601A EP0148554A2 EP 0148554 A2 EP0148554 A2 EP 0148554A2 EP 84305601 A EP84305601 A EP 84305601A EP 84305601 A EP84305601 A EP 84305601A EP 0148554 A2 EP0148554 A2 EP 0148554A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquor
steam
aqueous
aqueous liquor
ash
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84305601A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0148554A3 (en
EP0148554B1 (en
Inventor
John Aldwyn Lacey
James Edward Scott
Brian Hoyle Thompson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
British Gas Corp
Original Assignee
British Gas Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British Gas Corp filed Critical British Gas Corp
Publication of EP0148554A2 publication Critical patent/EP0148554A2/en
Publication of EP0148554A3 publication Critical patent/EP0148554A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0148554B1 publication Critical patent/EP0148554B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/16—Continuous processes simultaneously reacting oxygen and water with the carbonaceous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/08—Continuous processes with ash-removal in liquid state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1656—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
    • C10J2300/1662—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals to methane (SNG)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water

Definitions

  • This invention relates to coal gasification processes.
  • these effluent liquors can be treated to remove phenols and ammonia before biological treatments.
  • the untreated or partially treated liquor can be incinerated, leaving a solid for disposal. All of these effluent treatment processes have some disadvantage and present technological difficulties.
  • the present invention provides a process for the production of methane-containing gases wherein a feedstock comprising a solid carbonaceous material is gasified in the presence of steam and oxygen as gasifying agents, under fixed-bed, ash-slagging conditions and the product gas is treated to remove therefrom unreacted steam, water soluble compounds and condensible organic compounds characterised in E that at least a portion of the steam requirement for the reaction is provided by adding an aqueous liquor in admixture with the other gasifying agents.
  • the aqueous liquor is the effluent liquor derived from the treatment of the product gas.
  • the aqueous liquor may comprise purer forms of water such as that used for cooling purposes or as boiler feed.
  • the recycled liquor is injected at the point where the other gasifying agents are added ie through tuyeres into the raceway.
  • the steam buffle and tuyeres would be modified to provide liquor or water at the point of steam injection.
  • aqueous species confers a number of surprising advantages, although it was to be expected that such addition would have an adverse effect upon either the operation of the gasifier or the slag-tapping operations. However, in neither case was any difficulty noted.
  • the oxygen consumption (based upon the amount of carbonaceous material consumed) was found to have increased slightly but this was more than offset in the savings in cost in not having to raise steam.
  • a considerable advantage accured in that if the liquor is aqueous effluent not only are there considerable savings in being able to reuse the water, but also the dissolved and suspended materials are disposed of in the reactor.
  • the organic species are, of course, useful as a reactant species.
  • the steam requirement for gasification is substantially reduced, for example, to about 50X of virtually all the liquor normally produced for a bituminous coal is recycled.
  • Up to 50% the total H 2 0 species requirement for the gasification reaction may be provided by the aqueous liquor viz as water per se or as recycled liquor.
  • a further advantage is that inorganic materials contained in the effluent liquor and taken up by the slag and thus are removed, with the slag, from the system.
  • the heavy metal content of the slag eg. zirconium is increased compared with no liquor injection being employed.
  • a bleed off of some of the liquor may be desirable for treatment to remove chlorides and other salts when build up of these compounds in the recycling liquor begins to occur.
  • the aqueous liquor may contain some organic species dissolved or emulsified therein.
  • the liquor may be used as vehicle for conveying suspended solid materials, ie coal fines, to the reactor.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Ash-slagging fixed bed gasification of carbonaceous materials with steam and oxygen is effected by substituting at least a portion of the steam with an aqueous liquor. The liquor may be water per se eg. boiler-feed water or an effluent liquor comprised of condensed organic compounds and unreacted steam and solubilised salts which liquor is obtained by treating the product gas. Although oxygen consumption is slightly increased, the economic effect is offset by not having to expend energy in steam raising.

Description

  • This invention relates to coal gasification processes.
  • During the gasification of coal with steam and oxygen an aqueous liquor is produced consisting mainly of solubilized phenolic compounds, ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, hydrogen cyanide, alkali metals and salts. This effluent cannot be discharged to waste without treatment since the biological oxygen demand is far too great for the environment to cope with without serious ecological effects. The problem is far more serious with ash-slagging processes than with dry-ash processes since the steam requirement for the process is generally less and the by-produced effluent liquors tend to be more concentrated.
  • Conventionally, these effluent liquors can be treated to remove phenols and ammonia before biological treatments. Alternatively the untreated or partially treated liquor can be incinerated, leaving a solid for disposal. All of these effluent treatment processes have some disadvantage and present technological difficulties.
  • The recycling of aqueous liquors obtained during the steam/oxygen gasification of coal is already known. For example, in PCT publication No WO 80/00974 there is disclosed a process wherein aqueous liquors obtained during the dry-ash, fixed bed gasification of coal is fed to an entrained bed ash-slagging gasifier. Similarly, US Patent Specification No 3971636 teaches recycling an aqueous condensate separated from synthesis gas obtained by the ash-slagging, fluidised bed gasification of coal. In these examples the aqueous liquor is used a vehicle for feeding coal fines in the form of slurries to the gasifier.
  • Although in these references the primary gasifier is an ash-slagging gasifier, they had completely differing modes of operation. In neither case is the ash-slagging gasifier of fixed bed construction and because of this there are obvious advantages in that a non-fixed bed arrangement allows the liquor to be rapidly heated and thus eliminates any danger of the reactions being quenched.
  • Indeed as will be seen from the teachings in W080/00974, effluent liquor obtained from the fixed bed stage is only recycled to the entrained stage.
  • From a consideration of the prior it would not be expected that recycle liquor injection could be successfully achieved with fixed bed ash-slagging gasifiers.
  • We have now surprisingly found that effective operation of a coal gasification under fixed bed, ash slagging can be achieved by direct injection of aqueous liquor together with other gasifying, and that where such liquor is an effluent liquor the problem of disposal is substantially alleviated.
  • Thus the present invention provides a process for the production of methane-containing gases wherein a feedstock comprising a solid carbonaceous material is gasified in the presence of steam and oxygen as gasifying agents, under fixed-bed, ash-slagging conditions and the product gas is treated to remove therefrom unreacted steam, water soluble compounds and condensible organic compounds characterised in E that at least a portion of the steam requirement for the reaction is provided by adding an aqueous liquor in admixture with the other gasifying agents.
  • Preferably the aqueous liquor is the effluent liquor derived from the treatment of the product gas. However, the aqueous liquor may comprise purer forms of water such as that used for cooling purposes or as boiler feed.
  • The recycled liquor is injected at the point where the other gasifying agents are added ie through tuyeres into the raceway. In practice the steam buffle and tuyeres would be modified to provide liquor or water at the point of steam injection.
  • The addition of the aqueous species confers a number of surprising advantages, although it was to be expected that such addition would have an adverse effect upon either the operation of the gasifier or the slag-tapping operations. However, in neither case was any difficulty noted. The oxygen consumption (based upon the amount of carbonaceous material consumed) was found to have increased slightly but this was more than offset in the savings in cost in not having to raise steam. In addition a considerable advantage accured in that if the liquor is aqueous effluent not only are there considerable savings in being able to reuse the water, but also the dissolved and suspended materials are disposed of in the reactor. The organic species are, of course, useful as a reactant species.
  • Thus,-in recycling liquor in this way the steam requirement for gasification is substantially reduced, for example, to about 50X of virtually all the liquor normally produced for a bituminous coal is recycled. Up to 50% the total H20 species requirement for the gasification reaction may be provided by the aqueous liquor viz as water per se or as recycled liquor. A further advantage is that inorganic materials contained in the effluent liquor and taken up by the slag and thus are removed, with the slag, from the system. The heavy metal content of the slag eg. zirconium is increased compared with no liquor injection being employed. A bleed off of some of the liquor may be desirable for treatment to remove chlorides and other salts when build up of these compounds in the recycling liquor begins to occur. The aqueous liquor may contain some organic species dissolved or emulsified therein. However, in addition, the liquor may be used as vehicle for conveying suspended solid materials, ie coal fines, to the reactor.
  • The invention will now be illustrated by reference to the following example:
    • A fixed-bed, ash-slagging coal gasification plant, for example as in "The Chemistry of Coal Utilization", 2nd Supplementary Volume, 1981, published by John Wiley & Son, Inc, was modified to allow injection of liquid aqueous species down the steam oxygen tuyeres. The plant was started up according to conventional techniques for the steam/oxygen gasification on Markam Mains Coal at a working pressure of 24.78 bar(g). The reactant feed rates and gas production rate are summarized in the following Table. In colum A, the reactant rates prior to liquor injection are given. Liquor injection was increased by the steps shown in Columns B, C and D over a period of 21 hours.
  • Figure imgb0001

Claims (6)

1. A procesq for the production of methane-containing gases wherein a feedstock comprising a solid carbonaceous material is gasified in the presence of steam and oxygen as gasifying agents, under fixed-bed ash-slagging conditions and the product gas is treated to remove therefrom unreacted steam, water-soluble compounds and condensible organic compounds, characterised in that at least a portion of the steam requirement for the reaction is provided by adding an aqueous liquor in admixture with the other gasifying agents.
2. A process as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said aqueous liquor is water per se.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein said liquor comprises an effluent liquor containing condensed unreacted steam, water soluble compounds and condensed organic compounds, obtained by treating said product gas.
4. A process as claimed in Claim 2 or Claim 3 wherein up to 50% of the H20 species required for the gasification reaction are provided by aqueous liquor.
5. A process as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said aqueous liquor is a vehicle for suspended materials.
6. A process as claimed in Claim 5 wherein said suspended materials are coal fines.
EP84305601A 1983-08-25 1984-08-17 Coal gasification process Expired EP0148554B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8322899 1983-08-25
GB838322899A GB8322899D0 (en) 1983-08-25 1983-08-25 Coal gasification process

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0148554A2 true EP0148554A2 (en) 1985-07-17
EP0148554A3 EP0148554A3 (en) 1986-01-22
EP0148554B1 EP0148554B1 (en) 1988-10-19

Family

ID=10547868

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84305601A Expired EP0148554B1 (en) 1983-08-25 1984-08-17 Coal gasification process

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0148554B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6076593A (en)
KR (1) KR860001121B1 (en)
CS (1) CS265208B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3474685D1 (en)
GB (3) GB8322899D0 (en)
IN (1) IN162228B (en)
NO (1) NO843385L (en)
PL (1) PL145182B1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA846540B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101812323B (en) * 2009-08-14 2013-02-13 赛鼎工程有限公司 Method for using multi-element mixed gasification agent to prepare synthesis gas by dry slagging of fixed bed

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0220342A1 (en) * 1985-11-01 1987-05-06 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for treating an aqueous condensate
DE102006041838B4 (en) * 2006-09-04 2010-08-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Process for gasifying solid gasification substances in slag bath gasification reactors
DE102013113769B4 (en) * 2013-12-10 2020-07-16 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Process for the fixed bed pressure gasification of carbonaceous fuels

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB237883A (en) * 1924-07-29 1926-12-20 Louis Chavanne Improved process and apparatus for the gasification of solid fuel, applicable also to volatilizing or reducing ores
DE1496384A1 (en) * 1965-12-31 1969-05-14 Projektierungs Konstruktions U Procedure for the containment and removal of the dust from the raw gas and the condensates during pressure gasification
DE2607745A1 (en) * 1976-02-26 1977-09-08 Metallgesellschaft Ag METHOD OF TREATMENT OF CONDENSATE FROM THE COOLING OF CRUDE GAS OF THE PRESSURE GASIFICATION OF SOLID FUELS
US4175929A (en) * 1978-08-29 1979-11-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Process for control of pollutants generated during coal gasification
GB2094337A (en) * 1981-03-10 1982-09-15 Skf Steel Mfg Ab Manufacture of a gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas from a starting material containing carbon and/or hydrocarbon
EP0089103A2 (en) * 1982-03-12 1983-09-21 British Gas Corporation Slagger tar injection

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB717484A (en) * 1952-01-17 1954-10-27 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag A method and a device for the disposal of phenol-containing waste water
NL189517C (en) * 1974-12-05 1993-05-03 Shell Int Research PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF SYNTHESIS GAS.
US3971636A (en) * 1974-12-23 1976-07-27 Gulf Oil Corporation Condensate scrubbing of coal gasifier product
US4199327A (en) * 1978-10-30 1980-04-22 Kaiser Engineers, Inc. Process for gasification of coal to maximize coal utilization and minimize quantity and ecological impact of waste products
JPS5699295A (en) * 1979-12-29 1981-08-10 Chiyouei Ko Gas generator
EP0083670A1 (en) * 1982-01-07 1983-07-20 Ruhrkohle Aktiengesellschaft Process for the elimination of process water effluents containing tar acids

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB237883A (en) * 1924-07-29 1926-12-20 Louis Chavanne Improved process and apparatus for the gasification of solid fuel, applicable also to volatilizing or reducing ores
DE1496384A1 (en) * 1965-12-31 1969-05-14 Projektierungs Konstruktions U Procedure for the containment and removal of the dust from the raw gas and the condensates during pressure gasification
DE2607745A1 (en) * 1976-02-26 1977-09-08 Metallgesellschaft Ag METHOD OF TREATMENT OF CONDENSATE FROM THE COOLING OF CRUDE GAS OF THE PRESSURE GASIFICATION OF SOLID FUELS
US4175929A (en) * 1978-08-29 1979-11-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Process for control of pollutants generated during coal gasification
GB2094337A (en) * 1981-03-10 1982-09-15 Skf Steel Mfg Ab Manufacture of a gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas from a starting material containing carbon and/or hydrocarbon
EP0089103A2 (en) * 1982-03-12 1983-09-21 British Gas Corporation Slagger tar injection

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101812323B (en) * 2009-08-14 2013-02-13 赛鼎工程有限公司 Method for using multi-element mixed gasification agent to prepare synthesis gas by dry slagging of fixed bed

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO843385L (en) 1985-02-26
IN162228B (en) 1988-04-16
ZA846540B (en) 1985-03-27
GB2146039B (en) 1987-10-14
CS642384A2 (en) 1988-07-15
GB8421038D0 (en) 1984-09-19
PL145182B1 (en) 1988-08-31
EP0148554A3 (en) 1986-01-22
CS265208B2 (en) 1989-10-13
GB8322899D0 (en) 1983-09-28
KR850001919A (en) 1985-04-10
EP0148554B1 (en) 1988-10-19
GB8420360D0 (en) 1984-09-12
JPS6076593A (en) 1985-05-01
PL249331A1 (en) 1985-05-07
KR860001121B1 (en) 1986-08-13
GB2146039A (en) 1985-04-11
DE3474685D1 (en) 1988-11-24

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