EP0147681B1 - Polarised electromagnetic relays - Google Patents

Polarised electromagnetic relays Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0147681B1
EP0147681B1 EP84114716A EP84114716A EP0147681B1 EP 0147681 B1 EP0147681 B1 EP 0147681B1 EP 84114716 A EP84114716 A EP 84114716A EP 84114716 A EP84114716 A EP 84114716A EP 0147681 B1 EP0147681 B1 EP 0147681B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
relay
armature
contact
basic body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84114716A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0147681A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Schedele
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP0147681A1 publication Critical patent/EP0147681A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2236—Polarised relays comprising pivotable armature, pivoting at extremity or bending point of armature
    • H01H51/2245—Armature inside coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5805—Connections to printed circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/14—Terminal arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a polarized relay with a base body, a coil with coil body and winding attached to the base body, a rod-shaped armature, which is arranged inside the coil body approximately along the coil axis and is supported on one side in the area of a first coil flange, and has a permanent magnet arrangement with two pole plates.
  • Such a relay is known from DE-C-3 132 244.
  • the system described there is very sensitive and has the particular advantage that a corresponding adjustment of the four-pole permanent magnet system enables both a monostable and a bistable switching characteristic to be achieved without any design changes, the response values being able to be obtained within a very narrow tolerance range.
  • the system described there is particularly suitable for very small relays with more than one changeover contact, and a very compact construction is possible.
  • the arrangement of the four-pole permanent magnet over the coil with simultaneous coverage of the contact elements by the pole plates or yokes is very useful for these relays for a compact structure.
  • the object of the invention is to modify and develop a polarized relay of the type mentioned while maintaining the advantageous properties of the known magnet system so that particularly high contact forces can be achieved even at high ambient temperatures for switching large currents and that simple construction is possible in a compact design is and at the same time large insulating distances between the magnet system and the contact elements can be achieved.
  • the permanent magnet arrangement lying on two sides of the coil facing away from one another, each has an arrangement of a pole plate, a narrow section of the flux plate arranged parallel to it and an intermediate space for a two-pole permanent magnet, at least on one side of the coil body a permanent magnet is provided in this space, that the armature with its mounted end is mounted in a recess of the section of the flux plate perpendicular to the coil axis and that in addition to the coil body and the contact connection elements also the flux plate, the two pole plates and the permanent magnet (s ) are plugged into recesses in the base body.
  • the magnetic circuit is improved in that the armature is mounted directly in the flow plate, so that the bearing air gap is reduced to a minimum.
  • the magnet system is structurally modified compared to the known magnet system in such a way that the permanent magnet arrangement is laid into the base body on both sides of the coil, as a result of which the individual parts can be plugged in easily, good insulation through appropriate design of the base body and a compact overall construction of the Relays are possible.
  • the permanent magnet arrangement has been divided into two parts on both sides of the coil.
  • a relatively large magnet length is available in addition to the coil.
  • Alnico magnets can be used which, compared to ceramic magnets, require a greater length in the direction of polarization, but are much less temperature-dependent.
  • the relay therefore maintains high contact forces even when used under high ambient temperatures - in the order of up to 125 ° C.
  • the pole plates are arranged in the same way as in the known system and angled inwards towards the armature.
  • the two permanent magnets are not arranged as seen from the coil on the outside of the pole plates or yokes, but on the side facing the coil, so that the coil lies between two layers of pole plate, permanent magnet and flux plate section.
  • the two permanent magnets which are polarized in opposite directions, can be adjusted independently of one another are so that both a bistable switching behavior and a monostable switching behavior can be achieved by asymmetrical adjustment.
  • a special embodiment is also conceivable in which the permanent magnet on one side of the coil is completely demagnetized or is omitted at all. In this case, the space between the pole plate and the flux plate section can be bridged ferromagnetically, the relay receiving a monostable switching behavior.
  • both the coil body and the permanent magnets, the pole plates and the flux plate are each fastened next to one another in the base body by insertion. Since this construction should be particularly suitable for switching high currents, it is expedient to design this base body as a housing, which encloses the magnet system mentioned both on the bottom side and with four side walls, only one opening for the armature or one of the armature actuable contact slide is left open.
  • the bottom side is expediently cut out in the region of the coil, so that the entire depth of the base body is available for the coil winding within an attached cap.
  • the contact elements are also arranged in the base body, but separately from the housing surrounding the magnet system.
  • the base body expediently forms a further chamber which encloses the contact elements and which has slots on the side for inserting the contact connection elements.
  • the relay has at least one fixed contact element and one movable contact element.
  • a changeover contact or the arrangement of more than one contact pair or changeover contact is also possible, for example by arranging one contact pair on each side of the magnet system.
  • a contact actuation slide could be articulated in its middle part on the armature and actuate a movable contact element with its two ends.
  • the movable contact element in the form of a contact spring is attached to a rigid connection element anchored in the base body. The rest position of such a contact spring can be determined by a stop formed in the housing or by an adjustable extension of the associated connection element.
  • a movable contact spring can also be attached to an extension of the armature.
  • the contact spring is designed as a contact bridge or connected to a connection element via a flexible feed line.
  • a contact actuator is at the free end of the armature, i.e. coupled to the end opposite the bearing.
  • the magnet system can also be arranged such that the armature with its mounted end penetrates the flux plate and has an angled extension in the extension of this end, which actuates a contact spring indirectly or directly.
  • Fig. 1 shows the principle of the magnet system for a relay according to the invention.
  • An elongated, rod-shaped armature 2 is arranged in a coil 1, which is only indicated schematically.
  • a permanent magnet 3 or 4 is arranged on both sides of the coil, the polarization of which is directed between a pole plate 5 or 6 and a narrow section 7a or 7b of a flux plate 7.
  • the two magnets have opposite polarization directions.
  • the two pole plates 5 and 6 each have inwardly angled sections 5a and 6a on the mutually facing edges, which form mutually parallel pole surfaces. In the working air gap thus formed, the free end 2a of the armature 2 can be switched.
  • the opposite end 2b of the armature 2 is mounted in a section 7c of the flux plate 7 perpendicular to the coil axis, the armature resting in a recess 7d, so that a good transition of the magnetic flux between the flux plate 7 and the armature 2 is ensured.
  • the permanent magnets 3 and 4 and the flux plate sections 7a and 7b are thus arranged on both sides of the coil and attached to the pole plates 5 and 6 on the side to which the pole surface sections 5a and 6a are also angled. This results in a flat structure of the magnet system, so that it can be used in a compact body.
  • a bobbin 12 with a winding 13 is arranged in a base body 11, a rod-shaped armature 14 being arranged approximately along the axis in the axial cavity 12a of the bobbin.
  • a permanent magnet 15 or 16 is arranged, on the opposite polar surfaces of which a pole plate 17 or 18 abuts on one side.
  • pole plates 17 and 18 lie on the pole faces in a common plane and are provided in the region of the coil flange 12b with inwardly angled sections 17a and 18a which enclose the free end 14a of the armature between them and in this way form a working air gap 19 in which the armature goes back and forth is movable here.
  • the pole faces of the two magnets 15 and 16 opposite the pole plates are each covered with a section 20a or 20b of a flux plate 20, which is angled at the end and has a section 20c perpendicular to the coil axis, in which the armature 14 is supported with its end 14b is.
  • the flux plate section has a recess 21 for receiving the armature, the end 14b of which is tapered in order to enable a switching movement in the bearing.
  • the armature is secured by an integrally formed shoulder 14c, which rests on an invisible embossing of the flux plate section 20c.
  • the entire magnet system i.e. the coil body 12 with the winding 13 and the armature 14, the permanent magnets 15 and 16, the pole plates 17 and 18 and the flux plate 20, are surrounded all around by side walls 22, 23, 24 and 44 of the base body 11, which stand vertically on the floor 11.
  • the base 11a has a recess 11b, so that the base body 11 need not be wider than the diameter of the coil winding.
  • the base body forms contact surfaces for plug-in fastening and positioning of these individual parts.
  • the flux plate 20 is fixed between the side walls 22, 23 and 24 and the contact shoulders 25 and 26, as are the permanent magnets 15 and 16 between the walls 23 and 24 on the one hand and the walls 27 and 28 with the contact shoulders 27a and 28a positioned.
  • the pole plates 17 and 18 are also supported laterally on the walls 23 and 24, while their angled sections 17a and 18a lie between the contact surfaces 29 and 30 of the bobbin flange 12b and with the inside of a nose-shaped elevation 31 of the base body 11 and support a nose 32 of the bobbin 12. This also determines the size of the working air gap.
  • the intermediate wall 23 also forms an insulation between the magnet system and a contact chamber 33, which is also formed in the base body and contains a fixed contact element 34 with a connecting element 35 and a contact spring 36 with a connecting element 37.
  • the two contact connection elements 35 and 37 are fastened by inserting them into grooves in the coil body from two opposite sides. They each form connector pins 38 in a grid with the coil connector pins 39 as well as receptacle connectors (Faston plug) 40.
  • the contact spring 36 is actuated by a slide 41 which is attached to the free armature end 14a with a recess 42 and the end with a further recess 43 the contact spring 36 includes.
  • the contact slide 41 slides on a guide surface 44 of the base body or in a guide channel.
  • the slide 41 is secured by projections 45 of a protective cap 46 made of insulating material. Because the opening 47 for the armature lies in the side wall 48 of the base body, there is a large insulating distance between the magnet system and the contact element.
  • the relay is installed in a simple manner using plug-in technology.
  • the wound bobbin 12 is connected to the flux plate 20, the insulating bushings 49 for the connecting pins 39 being inserted through recesses 50 in the flux plate section 20c.
  • the flux plate with the coil body is inserted into the base body 11, the permanent magnets 15 and 16 and the pole plates 17 and 18 are attached.
  • the connecting element 35 with the contact element 34 is introduced from the same side, whereas the contact connecting element 37 is inserted and fastened into the base body from the opposite side.
  • the armature 14 is inserted into the coil tube 12a and stored, and then the contact slide 41 is pushed onto the armature and onto the contact spring 36.
  • the protective cap 46 the parts are secured and insulated in the base body 11.
  • the contact 51 of the movable contact spring 36 rests in the rest state on a support 52 which is designed as a bent extension of the connecting element 37.
  • the rest position of the contact spring can be adjusted by bending this support 52.
  • FIG. 5 A modified version compared to FIG. 2 shows the detailed representation of FIG. 5.
  • the contact 51 is supported on a stop 53, which is formed on the base body 11 from insulating material. Otherwise, this relay is constructed exactly like the one previously described.
  • 7 to 10 show a schematic representation of various modifications of the relay according to the invention.
  • 7 has a base body 61, a coil body 62 with a winding 63, an armature 64 and permanent magnets 65 and 66.
  • Pole plates 67 and 68 are arranged as previously described, as is a flux plate 69.
  • Two fixed contact elements, 70 and 71, between which a contact spring 72 is movable, are anchored in the base body 61.
  • the armature has an angled and cranked extension 73, onto which an insulating slide 74 is attached or sprayed on.
  • the armature 84 has a base body 81, a coil body 82 with winding 83, an armature 84 and permanent magnets 85 and 86.
  • Two Pole plates 87 and 88 and a flux plate 89 are arranged upside down in the base body 81 compared to the previous constructions.
  • the armature 84 is mounted in a breakthrough in a similar manner as previously in the flow plate 89, but it is extended beyond this end supported and provided with an angled extension 90 which actuates a contact spring 92 via a slide 91.
  • a fixed contact element 93 is anchored with its connecting element as well as a connecting element for the contact spring 92 in the base body 81.
  • FIG. 9 shows a structure similar to that of FIG. 8, but with two fixed contact elements 94 and 95 anchored in the base body 81, between which a movable contact spring 96 can be switched.
  • This movable contact spring 96 is fixedly connected to the armature extension 90 via an insulating block 97, so that a loosely movable slide with its friction is eliminated.
  • FIG. 10 A further modification is shown in FIG. 10.
  • a magnet system with a coil body 102, a winding 103 and an armature 104 is shown in a base body 101.
  • a permanent magnet 105 is arranged on one side of the coil body, while two pole plates 107 and 108 and a flux plate 109 are provided symmetrically in accordance with the previous exemplary embodiments.
  • the base body 101 forms with a guide bar 110 together with the protective cap 111 a guide channel in which balls 112 are movably arranged for contact actuation.
  • These balls 112 made of insulating material are sized and numbered so that they fill the distance between the armature 104 and a contact spring 113 exactly in order to switch this contact spring 113 between two mating contact elements 114 and 115.
  • the actuating balls 112 can be provided, for example, in two slightly different sizes, so that different combinations and thus different actuating units can be formed by appropriate selection from these two sizes.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein polarisiertes Relais mit einem Grundkörper, einer auf dem Grundkörper befestigten Spule mit Spulenkörper und Wicklung, einem innerhalb des Spulenkörpers etwa längs der Spulenachse angeordneten, im Bereich eines ersten Spulenflansches einseitig gelagerten, stabförmigen Anker, einer Dauermagnetanordnung mit zwei Polblechen, welche in einer gemeinsamen, zur Spulenachse parallelen Ebene angeordnet, vor dem zweiten Spulenflansch an den einander zugewandten Kanten rechtwinklig abgebogen sind und mit den abgebogenen Enden das freie Ankerende unter Bildung von Arbeitsluftspalten einschließen, weiterhin mit einem parallel zu den Polblechen angeordneten und mit diesen den bzw. die Dauermagnet(e) einschließenden Flußblech, welches im Bereich des ersten Spulenflansches einen senkrecht zur Spulenachse stehenden Abschnitt bildet, sowie mit mindestens einem im Grundkörper neben dem Spulenkörper verankerten freistehenden Kontaktelement und mindestens einem durch den Anker betätigbaren, mit dem feststehenden Kontaktelement zusammenwirkenden beweglichen Kontaktelement.The invention relates to a polarized relay with a base body, a coil with coil body and winding attached to the base body, a rod-shaped armature, which is arranged inside the coil body approximately along the coil axis and is supported on one side in the area of a first coil flange, and has a permanent magnet arrangement with two pole plates. which are arranged in a common plane parallel to the coil axis, are bent at right angles in front of the second coil flange on the mutually facing edges and enclose with the bent ends the free armature end with the formation of working air gaps, further with one arranged parallel to the pole plates and with these the or the permanent magnet (s) enclosing flux plate, which forms a section perpendicular to the coil axis in the region of the first coil flange, and with at least one free-standing contact element anchored in the base body next to the coil body and at least one by the Anchor actuable, movable contact element interacting with the fixed contact element.

Ein derartiges Relais ist aus der DE-C-3 132 244 bekannt. Das dort beschriebene System ist sehr empfindlich und hat den besonderen Vorteil, daß durch entsprechenden Abgleich des vierpoligen Dauermagnetsystems sowohl eine monostabile als auch eine bistabile Schaltcharakteristik ohne konstruktive Änderung erreicht werden kann, wobei die Ansprechwerte in einem sehr engen Toleranzbereich erhalten werden können. Das dort beschriebene System eignet sich insbesondere für sehr kleine Relais mit mehr als einem Umschaltkontakt, wobei ein sehr kompakter Aufbau möglich ist. Die Anordnung des vierpoligen Dauermagneten über der Spule bei gleichzeitiger Überdeckung der Kontaktelemente durch die Polbleche bzw. Joche ist bei diesen Relais für einen kompakten Aufbau sehr sinnvoll. Jedoch bringt diese Konstruktion Probleme mit sich, wenn ein solches System zum Schalten hoher Ströme verwendet werden soll, da dann die erforderlichen Isolierstrecken zwischen Kontaktelementen und dem Magnetsystem zusätzliche Maßnahmen erfordern. Außerdem ist die dort verwendete flache Magnetanordnung - ohne die Bauhöhe zu vergrößern - praktisch nur mit einem Keramikmagneten ausführbar, dessen starker Temperaturgang beim Einsatz unter hohen Umgebungstemperaturen zu einer starken Verminderung der Kontaktkraft führt.Such a relay is known from DE-C-3 132 244. The system described there is very sensitive and has the particular advantage that a corresponding adjustment of the four-pole permanent magnet system enables both a monostable and a bistable switching characteristic to be achieved without any design changes, the response values being able to be obtained within a very narrow tolerance range. The system described there is particularly suitable for very small relays with more than one changeover contact, and a very compact construction is possible. The arrangement of the four-pole permanent magnet over the coil with simultaneous coverage of the contact elements by the pole plates or yokes is very useful for these relays for a compact structure. However, this construction poses problems if such a system is to be used for switching high currents, since the required insulating distances between the contact elements and the magnet system then require additional measures. In addition, the flat magnet arrangement used there - without increasing the overall height - can practically only be carried out with a ceramic magnet, the strong temperature response of which leads to a strong reduction in the contact force when used under high ambient temperatures.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein polarisiertes Relais der eingangs genannten Art unter Beibehaltung der vorteilhaften Eigenschaften des bekannten Magnetsystems so abzuwandeln und weiterzubilden, daß zum Schalten großer Ströme besonders hohe Kontaktkräfte auch bei hohen Umgebungstemperaturen erzielt werden können und daß in kompakter Bauweise eine einfache Montage möglich ist und gleichzeitig große Isolierstrecken zwischen dem Magnetsystem und den Kontaktelementen erzielt werden können.The object of the invention is to modify and develop a polarized relay of the type mentioned while maintaining the advantageous properties of the known magnet system so that particularly high contact forces can be achieved even at high ambient temperatures for switching large currents and that simple construction is possible in a compact design is and at the same time large insulating distances between the magnet system and the contact elements can be achieved.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Dauermagnetanordnung an zwei voneinander abgewandten Seiten der Spule liegend jeweils eine Anordnung aus einem Polblech, einem parallel dazu angeordneten schmalen Abschnitt des Flußbleches und einem dazwischenliegenden Raum für einen zweipoligen Dauermagneten aufweist, wobei zumindest auf einer Seite des Spulenkörpers ein Dauermagnet in diesem Raum vorgesehen ist, daß der Anker mit seinem gelagerten Ende in einer Ausnehmung des zur Spulenachse senkrechten Abschnitts des Flußbleches gelagert ist und daß neben dem Spulenkörper und den Kontaktanschlußelementen auch das Flußblech, die beiden Polbleche und der bzw. die Dauermagnet(e) in Ausnehmungen des Grundkörpers steckbar befestigt sind.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the permanent magnet arrangement, lying on two sides of the coil facing away from one another, each has an arrangement of a pole plate, a narrow section of the flux plate arranged parallel to it and an intermediate space for a two-pole permanent magnet, at least on one side of the coil body a permanent magnet is provided in this space, that the armature with its mounted end is mounted in a recess of the section of the flux plate perpendicular to the coil axis and that in addition to the coil body and the contact connection elements also the flux plate, the two pole plates and the permanent magnet (s ) are plugged into recesses in the base body.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Relais ist also einerseits der Magnetkreis dadurch verbessert, daß der Anker unmittelbar im Flußblech gelagert ist, so daß der Lagerluftspalt auf ein Minimum verringert wird. Dadurch können hohe Kontaktkräfte für Starkstromkontakte erzielt werden. Andererseits ist das Magnetsystem konstruktiv gegenüber den bekannten Magnetsystem in der Weise abgewandelt, daß die Dauermagnetanordnung zu beiden Seiten der Spule in den Grundkörper hinein verlegt ist, wodurch eine leichte Steckbefestigung der Einzelteile, eine gute Isolierung durch entsprechende Gestaltung des Grundkörpers und dabei eine kompakte Gesamtkonstruktion des Relais möglich werden.In the relay according to the invention, on the one hand, the magnetic circuit is improved in that the armature is mounted directly in the flow plate, so that the bearing air gap is reduced to a minimum. This enables high contact forces to be achieved for heavy current contacts. On the other hand, the magnet system is structurally modified compared to the known magnet system in such a way that the permanent magnet arrangement is laid into the base body on both sides of the coil, as a result of which the individual parts can be plugged in easily, good insulation through appropriate design of the base body and a compact overall construction of the Relays are possible.

Die Dauermagnetanordnung ist dabei in zwei Teile beiderseits der Spule unterteilt worden. So steht für die beiden Dauermagnete neben der Spule jeweils eine verhältnismäßig große Magnetlänge zur Verfügung. Damit können Alnico-Magnete verwendet werden, die gegenüber den Keramik-Magneten zwar eine größere Länge in Polarisierungsrichtung erfordern, dafür aber wesentlich weniger temperaturabhängig sind. Das Relais behält deshalb auch beim Einsatz unter hohen Umgebungstemperaturen - in der Größenordnung bis 125°C noch hohe Kontaktkräfte. Die Polbleche sind zwar in gleicher Weise wie bei dem bekannten System angeordnet und zum Anker hin nach innen abgewinkelt. Jedoch sind die beiden Dauermagnete nicht wie dort von der Spule aus gesehen an der Außenseite der Polbleche oder Joche angeordnet, sondern an der der Spule zugewandten Seite, so daß die Spule zwischen zwei Schichtungen von Polblech, Dauermagnet und Flußblechabschnitt liegt.The permanent magnet arrangement has been divided into two parts on both sides of the coil. For the two permanent magnets, a relatively large magnet length is available in addition to the coil. This means that Alnico magnets can be used which, compared to ceramic magnets, require a greater length in the direction of polarization, but are much less temperature-dependent. The relay therefore maintains high contact forces even when used under high ambient temperatures - in the order of up to 125 ° C. The pole plates are arranged in the same way as in the known system and angled inwards towards the armature. However, the two permanent magnets are not arranged as seen from the coil on the outside of the pole plates or yokes, but on the side facing the coil, so that the coil lies between two layers of pole plate, permanent magnet and flux plate section.

Die beiden Dauermagnets, die in einander entgegengesetzter Richtung polarisiert sind, können unabhängig voneinander abgeglichen werden, so daß sowohl ein bistabiles Schaltverhalten als auch durch unsymmetrischen Abgleich ein monostabiles Schaltverhalten erzielt werden kann. Denkbar ist dabei auch eine spezielle Ausführungsform, bei der der Dauermagnet an einer Seite der Spule völlig entmagnetisiert oder überhaupt weggelassen ist. In diesem Fall kann der Raum zwischen dem Polblech und dem Flußblechabschnitt ferromagnetisch überbrückt sein, wobei das Relais ein monostabiles Schaltverhalten erhält.The two permanent magnets, which are polarized in opposite directions, can be adjusted independently of one another are so that both a bistable switching behavior and a monostable switching behavior can be achieved by asymmetrical adjustment. A special embodiment is also conceivable in which the permanent magnet on one side of the coil is completely demagnetized or is omitted at all. In this case, the space between the pole plate and the flux plate section can be bridged ferromagnetically, the relay receiving a monostable switching behavior.

Wie erwähnt, sind sowohl der Spulenkörper als auch die Dauermagnete, die Polbleche und das Flußblech jeweils nebeneinander in dem Grundkörper durch Einstecken befestigt. Da diese Konstruktion speziell für das Schalten hoher Ströme geeignet sein soll, ist es zweckmäßig, diesen Grundkörper als Gehäuse auszubilden, welches das erwähnte Magnetsystem sowohl an einer Bodenseite als auch mit vier Seitenwänden umschließt, wobei lediglich ein Durchbruch für den Anker bzw. einen vom Anker betätigbaren Kontaktschieber offengelassen ist. Außerdem ist die Bodenseite zweckmäßigerweise im Bereich der Spule ausgenommen, so daß für die Spulenwicklung die gesamte Tiefe des Grundkörpers innerhalb einer aufgestülpten Kappe zur Verfügung steht. Die Kontaktelemente sind dabei ebenfalls in dem Grundkörper, jedoch von dem das Magnetsystem umschließenden Gehäuse getrennt angeordnet. Zweckmäßigerweise bildet der Grundkörper hierzu eine weitere, die Kontaktelemente umschließende Kammer, welche seitlich Schlitze zum Einstecken der Kontaktanschlußelemente aufweist.As mentioned, both the coil body and the permanent magnets, the pole plates and the flux plate are each fastened next to one another in the base body by insertion. Since this construction should be particularly suitable for switching high currents, it is expedient to design this base body as a housing, which encloses the magnet system mentioned both on the bottom side and with four side walls, only one opening for the armature or one of the armature actuable contact slide is left open. In addition, the bottom side is expediently cut out in the region of the coil, so that the entire depth of the base body is available for the coil winding within an attached cap. The contact elements are also arranged in the base body, but separately from the housing surrounding the magnet system. For this purpose, the base body expediently forms a further chamber which encloses the contact elements and which has slots on the side for inserting the contact connection elements.

Das Relais besitzt mindestens ein feststehendes Kontaktelement und ein bewegliches Kontaktelement. Möglich ist aber auch ein Umschaltkontakt oder auch die Anordnung von mehr als einem Kontaktpaar oder Umschaltkontakt, beispielsweise durch Anordnung von jeweils einem Kontaktpaar am jeder Seite des Magnetsystems. Im diesem letzteren fall könnte beispielsweise ein Kontaktbetätigungsschieber in seinem Mittelteil am Anker angelenkt sein und mit seinen beiden Enden jeweils ein bewegliches Kontaktelement betätigen. In einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Relais ist das bewegliche Kontaktelement in Form einer Kontaktfeder an einem starren, im Grundkörper verankerten Anschlußelement befestigt. Die Ruhestellung einer solchen Kontaktfeder kann durch einen im Gehäuse ausgebildeten Anschlag oder auch durch einen justierbaren Fortsatz des zugehörigen Anschlußelementes festgelegt werden. In einer anderen Ausführungsform kann eine bewegliche Kontaktfeder auch an einem Fortsatz des Ankers befestigt sein. In diesem Fall ist die Kontaktfeder als Kontaktbrücke ausgebildet oder über eine flexible Zuleitung mit einem Anschlußelement verbunden.The relay has at least one fixed contact element and one movable contact element. However, a changeover contact or the arrangement of more than one contact pair or changeover contact is also possible, for example by arranging one contact pair on each side of the magnet system. In the latter case, for example, a contact actuation slide could be articulated in its middle part on the armature and actuate a movable contact element with its two ends. In one embodiment of the relay according to the invention, the movable contact element in the form of a contact spring is attached to a rigid connection element anchored in the base body. The rest position of such a contact spring can be determined by a stop formed in the housing or by an adjustable extension of the associated connection element. In another embodiment, a movable contact spring can also be attached to an extension of the armature. In this case, the contact spring is designed as a contact bridge or connected to a connection element via a flexible feed line.

In einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist ein Kontaktbetätigungsorgan am freien Ende des Ankers, d.h. an dem dem Lager gegenüberliegenden Ende angekoppelt. Das Magnetsystem kann aber auch derart angeordnet sein, daß der Anker mit seinem gelagerten Ende das Flußblech durchdringt und in Verlängerung dieses Endes einen abgewinkelten Fortsatz besitzt, welcher eine Kontaktfeder mittelbar oder unmittelbar betätigt.In one embodiment of the invention, a contact actuator is at the free end of the armature, i.e. coupled to the end opposite the bearing. However, the magnet system can also be arranged such that the armature with its mounted end penetrates the flux plate and has an angled extension in the extension of this end, which actuates a contact spring indirectly or directly.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 die Prinzipdarstellung eines Magnetsystems für ein erfindungsgemäßes Relais ohne Kontaktelemente,
  • Fig. 2 bis 5 eine konstruktive Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Relais in verschiedenen Ansichten,
  • Fig. 6 ein Detail aus Fig. 2 in abgewandelter Ausgestaltung,
  • Fig. 7 bis 10 abgewandelte Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Relais in teilweise schematisierter Darstellung.
The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows
  • 1 shows the basic diagram of a magnet system for a relay according to the invention without contact elements,
  • 2 to 5 a constructive embodiment of a relay according to the invention in different views,
  • 6 shows a detail from FIG. 2 in a modified embodiment,
  • 7 to 10 modified embodiments of the relay according to the invention in a partially schematic representation.

Fig. 1 zeigt das Prinzip des Magnetsystems für ein erfindungsgemäßes Relais. In einer nur schematisch angedeuteten Spule 1 ist ein langgestreckter, stabförmiger Anker 2 angeordnet. Zu beiden Seiten der Spule ist jeweils ein Dauermagnet 3 bzw. 4 angeordnet, deren Polarisierung zwischen einem Polblech 5 bzw. 6 und jeweils einem schmalen Abschnitt 7a bzw. 7b eines Flußbleches 7 gerichtet ist. Die beiden Magnete haben dabei entgegengesetzte Polarisierungsrichtungen. Die beiden Polbleche 5 und 6 besitzen an den einander zugewandten Kanten jeweils nach innen abgewinkelte Abschnitte 5a bzw. 6a, welche parallel zueinander einander gegenüberstehende Polflächen bilden. In dem dadurch gebildeten Arbeitsluftspalt ist das freie Ende 2a des Ankers 2 umschaltbar. Das entgegengesetzte Ende 2b des Ankers 2 ist in einem zur Spulenachse senkrechten Abschnitt 7c des Flußbleches 7 gelagert, wobei der Anker in einer Ausnehmung 7d ruht, so daß ein guter Übergang des Magnetflußes zwischen dem Flußblech 7 und dem Anker 2 gewährleistet ist. Die Dauermagnete 3 bzw. 4 und die Flußblechabschnitte 7a und 7b sind also beiderseits der Spule angeordnet und an den Polblechen 5 bzw. 6 jeweils an der Seite angesetzt, zu der auch die Polflächenabschnitte 5a und 6a hin abgewinkelt sind. Dadurch ergibt sich ein flacher Aufbau des Magnetsystems, so daß dieses in einen Grundkörper im kompakter Form eingesetzt werden kann.Fig. 1 shows the principle of the magnet system for a relay according to the invention. An elongated, rod-shaped armature 2 is arranged in a coil 1, which is only indicated schematically. A permanent magnet 3 or 4 is arranged on both sides of the coil, the polarization of which is directed between a pole plate 5 or 6 and a narrow section 7a or 7b of a flux plate 7. The two magnets have opposite polarization directions. The two pole plates 5 and 6 each have inwardly angled sections 5a and 6a on the mutually facing edges, which form mutually parallel pole surfaces. In the working air gap thus formed, the free end 2a of the armature 2 can be switched. The opposite end 2b of the armature 2 is mounted in a section 7c of the flux plate 7 perpendicular to the coil axis, the armature resting in a recess 7d, so that a good transition of the magnetic flux between the flux plate 7 and the armature 2 is ensured. The permanent magnets 3 and 4 and the flux plate sections 7a and 7b are thus arranged on both sides of the coil and attached to the pole plates 5 and 6 on the side to which the pole surface sections 5a and 6a are also angled. This results in a flat structure of the magnet system, so that it can be used in a compact body.

In den Fig. 2 bis 5 ist eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Relais dargestellt. In einem Grundkörper 11 ist ein Spulenkörper 12 mit einer Wicklung 13 angeordnet, wobei in dem axialen Hohlraum 12a des Spulenkörpers ein stabförmiger Anker 14 etwa längs der Achse angeordnet ist. Zu beiden Seiten neben dem Spulenkörper 12 ist jeweils ein Dauermagnet 15 bzw. 16 angeordnet, an deren ungleichnamigen Polflächen an einer Seite jeweils ein Polblech 17 bzw. 18 anliegt. Diese beiden Polbleche 17 und 18 liegen auf dem Polflächen in einer gemeinsamen Ebene und sind im Bereich des Spulenflansches 12b mit nach innen abgewinkelten Abschnitten 17a und 18a versehen, welche das freie Ende 14a des Ankers zwischen sich einschließen und auf diese Weise einen Arbeitsluftspalt 19 bilden, in welchem der Anker hin und her bewegbar ist. Die den Polblechen gegenüberliegenden Polflächen der beiden Magnete 15 und 16 sind mit jeweils einem Abschnitt 20a bzw. 20b eines Flußbleches 20 bedeckt, welches am Ende abgewinkelt ist und einen senkrecht zur Spulenachse stehenden Abschnitt 20c besitzt, in welchem der Anker 14 mit seinem Ende 14b gelagert ist. Der Flußblechabschnitt besitzt dabei eine Ausnehmung 21 zur Aufnahme des Ankers, dessen Ende 14b konisch abgeschrägt ist, um eine Schaltbewegung im Lager zu ermöglichen. In Axialrichtung ist der Anker durch eine angeformte Schulter 14c gesichert, welche an einer nicht sichtbaren Prägung des Flußblechabschnitts 20c anliegt.2 to 5, an embodiment of a relay according to the invention is shown. A bobbin 12 with a winding 13 is arranged in a base body 11, a rod-shaped armature 14 being arranged approximately along the axis in the axial cavity 12a of the bobbin. On both sides next to the coil body 12, a permanent magnet 15 or 16 is arranged, on the opposite polar surfaces of which a pole plate 17 or 18 abuts on one side. These two pole plates 17 and 18 lie on the pole faces in a common plane and are provided in the region of the coil flange 12b with inwardly angled sections 17a and 18a which enclose the free end 14a of the armature between them and in this way form a working air gap 19 in which the armature goes back and forth is movable here. The pole faces of the two magnets 15 and 16 opposite the pole plates are each covered with a section 20a or 20b of a flux plate 20, which is angled at the end and has a section 20c perpendicular to the coil axis, in which the armature 14 is supported with its end 14b is. The flux plate section has a recess 21 for receiving the armature, the end 14b of which is tapered in order to enable a switching movement in the bearing. In the axial direction, the armature is secured by an integrally formed shoulder 14c, which rests on an invisible embossing of the flux plate section 20c.

Das gesamte Magnetsystem, also der Spulenkörper 12 mit der Wicklung 13 und dem Anker 14, die Dauermagnete 15 und 16, die Polbleche 17 und 18 und das Flußblech 20, sind ringsum von Seitenwänden 22, 23, 24 und 44 des Grundkörpers 11 umgeben, welche auf dem Boden 11 senkrecht stehen. Im Bereich der Spule weist der Boden 11a eine Ausmehmung 11b auf, so daß der Grundkörper 11 nicht breiter als der Durchmesser der Spulenwicklung zu sein braucht. Außerdem bildet der Grundkörper jeweils Anlageflächen zur Steckbefestigung und Positionierung dieser einzelnen Teile. So ist das Flußblech 20 zwischen den Seitenwänden 22, 23 und 24 sowie den Anlageschultern 25 und 26 festgelegt, ebenso sind die Dauermagnete 15 und 16 zwischen den Wänden 23 bzw. 24 einerseits und den Wänden 27 bzw. 28 mit dem Anlageschultern 27a bzw. 28a positoniert. Die Polbleche 17 und 18 stützen sich ebenfalls seitlich an den Wänden 23 und 24 ab, während ihre abgewinkelten Abschnitte 17a bzw. 18a zwischen den Anlageflächen 29 und 30 des Spulenkörperflansches 12b liegen und sich mit der Innenseite an einer nasenförmigen Erhebung 31 des Grundkörpers 11 sowie an einer Nase 32 des Spulenkörpers 12 abstützen. Dadurch wird auch die Größe des Arbeitsluftspalts festgelegt.The entire magnet system, i.e. the coil body 12 with the winding 13 and the armature 14, the permanent magnets 15 and 16, the pole plates 17 and 18 and the flux plate 20, are surrounded all around by side walls 22, 23, 24 and 44 of the base body 11, which stand vertically on the floor 11. In the area of the coil, the base 11a has a recess 11b, so that the base body 11 need not be wider than the diameter of the coil winding. In addition, the base body forms contact surfaces for plug-in fastening and positioning of these individual parts. Thus, the flux plate 20 is fixed between the side walls 22, 23 and 24 and the contact shoulders 25 and 26, as are the permanent magnets 15 and 16 between the walls 23 and 24 on the one hand and the walls 27 and 28 with the contact shoulders 27a and 28a positioned. The pole plates 17 and 18 are also supported laterally on the walls 23 and 24, while their angled sections 17a and 18a lie between the contact surfaces 29 and 30 of the bobbin flange 12b and with the inside of a nose-shaped elevation 31 of the base body 11 and support a nose 32 of the bobbin 12. This also determines the size of the working air gap.

Die Zwischenwand 23 bildet auch eine Isolierung zwischen dem Magnetsystem und einer Kontaktkammer 33, welche ebenfalls in Grundkörper gebildet ist und ein feststehendes Kontaktelement 34 mit einem Anschlußelement 35 sowie eine Kontaktfeder 36 mit einem Anschlußelement 37 enthält. Die beiden Kontaktanschlußelemente 35 und 37 sind durch Einstecken in Nuten des Spulenkörpers von zwei entgegengesetzten Seiten befestigt. Sie bilden jeweils Anschlußstifte 38 im Raster mit dem Spulenanschlußstiften 39 sowie Steckhülsenanschlüsse (Faston-Stecker) 40. Die Kontaktfeder 36 wird durch einem Schieber 41 betätigt, welcher mit einer Ausnehmung 42 auf das freie Ankerende 14a aufgesteckt ist und mit einer weiteren Ausnehmung 43 das Ende der Kontaktfeder 36 umfaßt. Der Kontaktschieber 41 gleitet auf einer Führungsfläche 44 des Grundkörpers bzw. in eimem Führungskanal. In der entgegengesetzten Richtung wird der Schieber 41 durch Vorsprünge 45 einer aus Isolierstoff bestehenden Schutzkappe 46 gesichert. Dadurch daß der Durchbruch 47 für den Anker in der Seitenwand 48 des Grundkörpers liegt, ergibt sich zwischen dem Magnetsystem und dem Kontaktelement eine große Isolierstrecke.The intermediate wall 23 also forms an insulation between the magnet system and a contact chamber 33, which is also formed in the base body and contains a fixed contact element 34 with a connecting element 35 and a contact spring 36 with a connecting element 37. The two contact connection elements 35 and 37 are fastened by inserting them into grooves in the coil body from two opposite sides. They each form connector pins 38 in a grid with the coil connector pins 39 as well as receptacle connectors (Faston plug) 40. The contact spring 36 is actuated by a slide 41 which is attached to the free armature end 14a with a recess 42 and the end with a further recess 43 the contact spring 36 includes. The contact slide 41 slides on a guide surface 44 of the base body or in a guide channel. In the opposite direction, the slide 41 is secured by projections 45 of a protective cap 46 made of insulating material. Because the opening 47 for the armature lies in the side wall 48 of the base body, there is a large insulating distance between the magnet system and the contact element.

Die Montage des Relais erfolgt in einfacher Weise in Stecktechnik. Zunächst wird der bewickelte Spulenkörper 12 mit dem Flußblech 20 verbunden, wobei die isolierenden Durchführungen 49 für die Anschlußstifte 39 durch Ausnehmungen 50 des Flußblechabschnitts 20c gesteckt werden. Danach wird das Flußblech mit dem Spulenkörper in den Grundkörper 11 eingesetzt, die Dauermagnete 15 und 16 sowie die Polbleche 17 und 18 werden aufgesteckt. Ebenso wird das Anschlußelememt 35 mit Kontaktelement 34 von der gleichen Seite aus eingebracht, dagegen wird das Kontaktanschlußelement 37 von der entgegengesetzten Seite her in den Grundkörper eingeführt und befestigt. Der Anker 14 wird in das Spulenrohr 12a eingeführt und gelagert, und dann wird der Kontaktschieber 41 auf den Anker und auf die Kontaktfeder 36 aufgesteckt. Durch Aufstecken der Schutzkappe 46 werden die Teile im Grundkörper 11 gesichert und isoliert.The relay is installed in a simple manner using plug-in technology. First, the wound bobbin 12 is connected to the flux plate 20, the insulating bushings 49 for the connecting pins 39 being inserted through recesses 50 in the flux plate section 20c. Then the flux plate with the coil body is inserted into the base body 11, the permanent magnets 15 and 16 and the pole plates 17 and 18 are attached. Likewise, the connecting element 35 with the contact element 34 is introduced from the same side, whereas the contact connecting element 37 is inserted and fastened into the base body from the opposite side. The armature 14 is inserted into the coil tube 12a and stored, and then the contact slide 41 is pushed onto the armature and onto the contact spring 36. By fitting the protective cap 46, the parts are secured and insulated in the base body 11.

Wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, ruht der Kontakt 51 der beweglichen Kontaktfeder 36 im Ruhezustand auf einer Auflage 52, welche als abgekröpfte Verlängerung des Anschlußelementes 37 ausgebildet ist. Durch Biegen an dieser Auflage 52 kann die Ruhestellung der Kontaktfeder justiert werden.As shown in Fig. 2, the contact 51 of the movable contact spring 36 rests in the rest state on a support 52 which is designed as a bent extension of the connecting element 37. The rest position of the contact spring can be adjusted by bending this support 52.

Eine abgewandelte Ausführung gegenüber Fig. 2 zeigt die Detaildarstellung von Fig. 5. Dort ist der Kontakt 51 an einem Anschlag 53 abgestützt, welcher aus Isolierstoff am Grundkörper 11 angeformt ist. Ansonsten ist dieses Relais genauso aufgebaut wie das vorher beschriebene.A modified version compared to FIG. 2 shows the detailed representation of FIG. 5. There, the contact 51 is supported on a stop 53, which is formed on the base body 11 from insulating material. Otherwise, this relay is constructed exactly like the one previously described.

Die Fig. 7 bis 10 zeigen in schematischer Darstellung verschiedene Abwandlungen des erfindungsgemäßen Relais. So besitzt das Relais gemäß Fig. 7 einen Grundkörper 61, einem Spulenkörper 62 mit einer Wicklung 63, einen Anker 64 sowie Dauermagnete 65 und 66. Polbleche 67 und 68 sind wie vorher beschrieben angeordnet, ebenso ein Flußblech 69.7 to 10 show a schematic representation of various modifications of the relay according to the invention. 7 has a base body 61, a coil body 62 with a winding 63, an armature 64 and permanent magnets 65 and 66. Pole plates 67 and 68 are arranged as previously described, as is a flux plate 69.

Im Grundkörper 61 sind zwei feststehende Kontaktelement, 70 und 71 verankert, zwischen denen eine Kontaktfeder 72 bewegbar ist. Zur Kontaktbetätigung besitzt der Anker einen abgewinkelten und gekröpften Fortsatz 73, auf den ein Isolierstoffschieber 74 aufgesteckt oder aufgespritzt ist.Two fixed contact elements, 70 and 71, between which a contact spring 72 is movable, are anchored in the base body 61. For contact actuation, the armature has an angled and cranked extension 73, onto which an insulating slide 74 is attached or sprayed on.

Das Relais von Fig. 8 besitzt einen Grundkörper 81, einen Spulenkörper 82 mit Wicklung 83, einen Anker 84 und Dauermagnete 85 und 86. Zwei Polbleche 87 und 88 sowie ein Flußblech 89 sind gegenüber den vorhergehenden Konstruktionen umgedreht im Grundkörper 81 angeordnet. Der Anker 84 ist in ähnlicher Weise wie vorher im Flußblech 89 in einem Durchbruch gelagert, er ist jedoch über dieses gelagerte Ende hinaus verlängert und mit einem abgewinkelten Fortsatz 90 versehen, der über einen Schieber 91 eine Kontaktfeder 92 betätigt. Ein feststehendes Kontaktelement 93 ist mit seinem Anschlußelement ebenso wie ein Anschlußelement für die Kontaktfeder 92 im Grundkörper 81 verankert.8 has a base body 81, a coil body 82 with winding 83, an armature 84 and permanent magnets 85 and 86. Two Pole plates 87 and 88 and a flux plate 89 are arranged upside down in the base body 81 compared to the previous constructions. The armature 84 is mounted in a breakthrough in a similar manner as previously in the flow plate 89, but it is extended beyond this end supported and provided with an angled extension 90 which actuates a contact spring 92 via a slide 91. A fixed contact element 93 is anchored with its connecting element as well as a connecting element for the contact spring 92 in the base body 81.

Fig. 9 zeigt einen ähnlichen Aufbau wie Fig. 8, wobei allerdings im Grundkörper 81 zwei feststehende Kontaktelemente 94 und 95 verankert simd, zwischen denen eine bewegliche Kontaktfeder 96 umschaltbar ist. Diese bewegliche Kontaktfeder 96 ist über einen Isolierstoffblock 97 fest mit dem Ankerfortsatz 90 verbunden, so daß ein lose beweglicher Schieber mit seiner Reibung entfällt.FIG. 9 shows a structure similar to that of FIG. 8, but with two fixed contact elements 94 and 95 anchored in the base body 81, between which a movable contact spring 96 can be switched. This movable contact spring 96 is fixedly connected to the armature extension 90 via an insulating block 97, so that a loosely movable slide with its friction is eliminated.

Eine weitere Abwandlung zeigt Fig. 10. Dort ist in einem Grundkörper 101 ein Magnetsystem mit einen Spulenkörper 102, einer Wicklung 103 und einem Anker 104 dargestellt. Weiterhin ist ein Dauermagnet 105 an einer Seite des Spulenkörpers angeordnet, während zwei Polbleche 107 und 108 sowie ein Flußblech 109 entsprechend den vorherigen Ausführungsbeispielen symmetrisch vorgesehen sind. Der Grundkörper 101 bildet mit einer Führungsleiste 110 zusammen mit der Schutzkappe 111 einen Führungskanal, in welchem Kugeln 112 zur Kontaktbetätigung beweglich angeordnet sind. Diese aus Isolierstoff bestehenden Kugeln 112 sind in ihrer Größe und Anzahl so bemessen, daß sie den Abstand zwischen dem Anker 104 und einer Kontaktfeder 113 genau ausfüllen, um diese Kontaktfeder 113 zwischen zwei Gegenkontaktelementen 114 und 115 umzuschalten. Die Betätigungskugeln 112 können beispielsweise in zwei geringfügig unterschiedlichen Größen vorgesehen sein, so daß durch entsprechende Auswahl aus diesen beiden Größen unterschiedliche Kombinationen und damit unterschiedliche Betätigungseinheiten gebildet werden können. Bei der Montage des Relais wird also zunächst der genaue Abstand zwischen Anker und Kontaktfeder ermittelt, und entsprechend wird aus den Kugeln mit geringfügig unterschiedlichem Durchmesser die benötigte Kombination ausgewählt.A further modification is shown in FIG. 10. There, a magnet system with a coil body 102, a winding 103 and an armature 104 is shown in a base body 101. Furthermore, a permanent magnet 105 is arranged on one side of the coil body, while two pole plates 107 and 108 and a flux plate 109 are provided symmetrically in accordance with the previous exemplary embodiments. The base body 101 forms with a guide bar 110 together with the protective cap 111 a guide channel in which balls 112 are movably arranged for contact actuation. These balls 112 made of insulating material are sized and numbered so that they fill the distance between the armature 104 and a contact spring 113 exactly in order to switch this contact spring 113 between two mating contact elements 114 and 115. The actuating balls 112 can be provided, for example, in two slightly different sizes, so that different combinations and thus different actuating units can be formed by appropriate selection from these two sizes. When installing the relay, the exact distance between the armature and the contact spring is first determined, and the combination required is selected accordingly from the balls with slightly different diameters.

Claims (16)

1. A polarised relay comprising a basic body (11, 61, 81, 101); a coil fixed to the basic body and having a coil body (12; 62, 82,102) and a winding (1, 13, 63, 83, 103); a rod-shaped armature (2, 14, 64, 84,104) which is arranged within the coil body approximately in the longitudinal direction of the coil axis, and is supported at one end in the region of a first coil flange (12c); a permanent magnet arrangement consisting of two pole plates (5, 6; 17, 18; 67, 68; 87, 88; 107, 108) which are arranged in a common plane parallel to the coil axis, are bent at right angles in front of the second coil flange (12b) at the edges which face towards one another, and at their bent ends (5a, 6a; 17a, 18a) enclose the free end (2a; 14a) of the armature, thus forming operating air gaps; a flux plate (7; 20; 69; 89; 109) which is arranged parallel to the pole plates and, together with the latter, encloses the permanent magnet or magnets and which, in the region of the first coil flange (12b), forms a section (7c; 20c) at right angles to the coil axis; at least one fixed contact element (34; 70, 71, 93,114,115) which is secured in the basic body (11; 61, 81, 101) beside the coil body (12, 62, 82, 102); and at least one moving contact element (36; 72, 92, 96, 113) which can be operated by the armature (14, 64, 84, 104) and cooperates with the fixed contact element, characterised in that at two sides facing away from one another of the coil (1; 12, 13; 62, 63; 82, 83; 102, 103), the permanent magnet arrangement is provided in each case with an arrangement consisting of a pole plate (5, 6; 17,18; 67, 68; 87, 88; 107,108), a narrow section (7a, 7b; 20a, 20b) of the flux plate (7; 20) arranged parallel thereto, and a space lying there between for a two-pole permanent magnet (3,4; 15, 16; 65,66; 85, 86; 105), where at least on one side of the coil body a permanent magnet is arranged in this space; that at its supported end (2b; 14b), the armature (2; 14,64,84,104) is supported in an opening (21) in that section (7c; 20c) of the flux plate (7; 20; 69, 89,109) which is at right angles to the coil axis; and that, in addition to the coil body (12; 62, 82, 102) and the contact terminal elements (35, 37), the flux plate (7; 20; 69; 89, 109), the two pole plates (5, 6; 17, 18; 67, 68; 87, 88; 107, 108) and the permanent magnet or magnets (3,4; 15, 16; 65, 66; 85, 86; 105) are insertably fixed in openings in the basic body (11, 61, 81, 101).
2. A relay as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that on both sides of the coil body (12, 82), respective permanent magnets (3, 4; 15, 16; 65, 66; 85, 86) are arranged in the said spaces between flux plate sections (7a, 7b; 20a, 20b) and pole plates (5, 6; 17, 18).
3. A relay as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that at the side of the coil body on which no permanent magnet is arranged, the pole plate is ferromagnetically connected to the opposite flux plate section.
4. A relay as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the basic body (11) forms a housing which encloses the coil (12, 13) by means of a base part (11a) and four side walls (23, 24, 48), with the exception of an opening (47) which allows the passage of the armature (14) and of a contact operating slide.
5. A relay as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the opening (47) is arranged in a side (48) of the housing which faces away from the contact elements (34, 36).
6. A relay as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that, at its free end (14a), the armature (14) engages in an opening (42) in a card-shaped slide (41) which itself acts on a contact spring (36) which is secured in the basic body (11).
7. A relay as claimed in Claim 6, characterised in that the actuating slide (41) slides along a guide wall (44) of the basic body (11) and at the opposite side is secured by projections (45) of a protective cap (46) which is inverted over the basic body (11).
8. A relay as claimed in Claim 6 or Claim 7, characterised in that the rest position of the moving contact spring (36) is determined by a supporting rib (53) which is formed on the basic body (11).
9. A relay as claimed in Claim 6 or Claim 7, characterised in that the rest position of the moving contact spring (36) is determined by an adjustable support (52) which is formed on its terminal element (37).
10. A relay as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that those parts of the magnet system which are inserted into the basic body (11) at right angles to the axial direction of the coil and to the pole faces of the permanent magnets (15,16), are secured by a protective cap (46) which is applied in the axial direction of the coil.
11. A relay as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that at its supported end, the armature (84) passes through the opening in the flux plate (89) and at that side of the flux plate (89) which faces away from the coil body (82), has an angled, integrally formed contact actuating shank (90).
12. A relay as claimed in Claim 11, characterised in that the contact actuating shank (90) is bent in a direction parallel to the armature (84) and is provided with an insulating casing (97).
13. A relay as claimed in Claim 11 or Claim 12, characterised in that a moving contact element (96) is anchored in the insulating casing (97).
14. A relay as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 5 or 6 to 13, characterised in that between the basic body (101) and the protective cap (111), a guide channel is formed in which one or more actuating elements (112) fit into the space between the end of the armature and the contact spring.
15. A relay as claimed in Claim 14, characterised in that the actuating elements consist of spheres (112) of insulating material.
16. A relay as claimed in Claim 15, characterised in that the spheres (112) have different diameters.
EP84114716A 1983-12-30 1984-12-04 Polarised electromagnetic relays Expired EP0147681B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3347602 1983-12-30
DE19833347602 DE3347602A1 (en) 1983-12-30 1983-12-30 POLARIZED ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAY

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0147681A1 EP0147681A1 (en) 1985-07-10
EP0147681B1 true EP0147681B1 (en) 1987-09-23

Family

ID=6218476

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84114716A Expired EP0147681B1 (en) 1983-12-30 1984-12-04 Polarised electromagnetic relays

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Country Link
US (1) US4602230A (en)
EP (1) EP0147681B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60158528A (en)
DE (2) DE3347602A1 (en)

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US4688010A (en) * 1984-12-22 1987-08-18 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Electromagnetic relay
DE3528090C1 (en) * 1985-08-05 1986-10-23 SDS-Relais AG, 8024 Deisenhofen Electromagnetic relay
DE3630467A1 (en) * 1986-09-06 1988-03-10 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag RELAY, IN PARTICULAR SMALL RELAY
US4981363A (en) * 1989-12-28 1991-01-01 Lipman Leonard H Emergency light/spotlight mechanism for automotive vehicles
EP0437209B1 (en) * 1990-01-12 1995-11-29 Omron Corporation Electromagnetic relay
DE9013221U1 (en) * 1990-09-18 1992-01-23 Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De
DE9013223U1 (en) * 1990-09-18 1992-02-06 Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De
US5343365A (en) * 1992-09-23 1994-08-30 Potter & Brumfield, Inc. PCB relay having an improved terminal structure
DE19508494C2 (en) * 1995-03-09 1998-08-20 Trw Fahrzeugelektrik Relays, especially for automotive technology
DE10316509B3 (en) * 2003-04-09 2005-02-03 Song Chuan Europe Gmbh Electromagnetic relay
DE102004018791A1 (en) * 2004-04-15 2005-11-03 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Electro mechanical relay uses permanent magnets set into the yoke to provide monostable or bistable operation
EP2037469A1 (en) * 2007-09-13 2009-03-18 Delphi Technologies, Inc. PCB relay
GB201007458D0 (en) 2010-05-05 2010-06-16 Camcon Ltd Electromagnetically operated switching devices and methods of actuation thereof
DE102014103247A1 (en) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Tyco Electronics Austria Gmbh Electromagnetic relay
DE102016112663B4 (en) 2016-07-11 2018-04-12 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Electromechanical relay, terminal block and electromechanical relay module

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4602230A (en) 1986-07-22
EP0147681A1 (en) 1985-07-10
JPH0527934B2 (en) 1993-04-22
JPS60158528A (en) 1985-08-19
DE3347602A1 (en) 1985-07-11
DE3466450D1 (en) 1987-10-29

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