EP0147063B1

EP0147063B1 - Compressor - clutch assembly

Info

Publication number: EP0147063B1
Application number: EP19840308173
Authority: EP
Inventors: Brian P. Neal; Michael Christmas; Michael J. Winfield
Original assignee: Bendix Ltd
Current assignee: Honeywell UK Ltd
Priority date: 1983-11-29
Filing date: 1984-11-26
Publication date: 1987-07-29
Also published as: GB2150238A; ES8507661A1; GB8331867D0; EP0147063A1; GB2150238B; IN160845B; DE3465129D1; ES538092A0

Description

This invention relates to compressor assemblies and relates more particularly to an air compressor assembly incorporating a clutch on the drive shaft thereof.
It is normal practice to mount air compressors on the engines of vehicles in order to be gear driven continuously to charge air reservoirs for braking systems. It has also been proposed to provide such air compressors with means for rendering them inoperative when an air reservoir being charged has attained a desired compressed air pressure. One manner of achieving this is to provide an unloader valve which can be opened in response to a governor signal to vent the compressor output. This has the shortcoming that when operating off-load an undesirable amount of oil tends to pass into the compression chamber and is then transmitted into the associated system when the compressor comes back into service. Such oil is detrimental to the operation life of the components of the system.
An alternative proposal has been to provide a clutch in the compressor which enables the compressor to cease rotation in response to a governor signal. Such a clutch has to operate under adverse conditions due to torque reversals of the compressor. The size of such a clutch is restricted by the size of the casing within which it is required to be housed and in the Specification of European Patent No. 0 051 760 a clutch arrangement is provided which is not inside the casing of such a clutch of a compressor assembly.
It has already been proposed moreover to provide a compressor assembly including a housing having a rotatable input shaft for connection to a prime mover said shaft running in a first outer bearing in the housing and wherein the input part is embraced by a multiplace clutch output part drivingly located on the compressor crankshaft and the present invention is concerned with the provision of improved support length for the input shaft in such an assembly.
According to the present invention there is provided a compressor assembly including a housing have a rotatable input shaft for connection to a prime mover, said shaft running in a first outer bearing in the housing and incorporating inwardly thereof an input part of a multi plate clutch said input part being embraced by an output assembly of the clutch driveably located on a compressor shaft and characterised in that said input part has an axial recess accommodating retaining means for a clutch output part on the compressor shaft and also that inwardly of the retaining means on the compressor shaft a bearing about which the inner end of the input part is rotatable on the compressor shaft in a disengaged condition of said clutch.
By virtue of the provision of said input part with an axial recess and said inward bearing the input part is provided with enhanced support length whilst affording an advantageous and compact construction for the assembly.
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood and readily carried into effect, the same will be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing which illustrates a sectional view of a single cylinder compressor assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
Referring to the drawing the compressor has a cast metal housing in the form of a combined crankcase and cylinder denoted by reference 1, the cylinder being provided with a valve plate 2 containing the necessary valves cooperating with a cylinder head 3 with suitable inlet and output ports, the details of which are of no consequence in relation to the present invention and may be of a suitable construction. The compressor is provided with a piston 4 and a connecting rod 5 for effecting reciprocation of the piston 4 in the bore 6 of the cylinder by virtue of rotation of a crankshaft 7 the free end of which runs in a bush 8 in an end plate 9 on one end of the crankcase. The other end of the crankcase is provided with a generally cylindrical integrally cast extension 10 which houses a clutch assembly via which the crankshaft is driven by a rotatable input shaft portion 11 which runs in a ball bearing 12 captive in a further end plate 13 on this end of the housing. The outer end of the shaft 11 is provided with a key-way 14 and suitable fixing means for mounting a gear wheel for engagement with a gear train of an internal combustion engine for driving the compressor. The input shaft 11 is integral with an input part 15 of a multi-plate clutch this input part being coaxial with and embraced by an output part 16 of the clutch the output part being carried on a spline 17 on the crankshaft of the compressor.
The input part 15 has splines 32 engageable with inward projections 30 of inner plates 31. The output part of the clutch comprises a part 18 in a cage with axial slots in which outward projection of outer clutch plates 29 are to locate. Part 18 is directly splined to the crankshaft at 17. Cooperable with the outer plates 29 of the clutch the cage 19 is urged into a clutch engaged position by a pair of annular disc springs 20. The clutch assembly is retained together by an internal circlip 21 located in the cage 19 for reacting the force of the disc springs 20 and pneumatically operable clutch release means in the form of an annular piston 22 is provided engageable with the cage 19 through a thrust member 23 in a sense to compress the springs 20 and release the clutch. Piston 22 is keyed against rotation by a locating pin 28.
The main bearing of the compressor on the drive side is provided by a substantial ball race 24 and the inward end of the input shaft and clutch input member 15 is carried on a bearing 25 within a coaxial recess 33 of the input part 15. Fixing means for retaining the bearing on the crankshaft comprises a threaded end portion of the crankshaft carrying a suitable retaining nut to clamp bearing 24, part 18 and bearing 25 in position on the crankshaft.
Considering now the manner of putting together the assembly, the compressor which includes the crankshaft, connecting rod and piston is first assembled together with the necessary valve plate and cylinder head components. The output member 16 of the clutch assembly is assembled as a separate unit with plates properly aligned following which the pneumatic release piston 22 is placed in position, the clutch assembly comprising the inner and outer plates and the disc spring 20 (retained together by virtue of the circlip 21) is placed onto the spline 17 on the crankshaft 7 followed by the bearing 25 and the fixing means including the retaining nut 26. Thereafter the input part 15 of the clutch, integral with the shaft 11 already assembled into the bearing 12 in the end cover 13, is introduced into the assembly lining up the shaft form 17 with the internal projections 30 of the clutch plates and inserting the necessary fixing bolts (not shown) for the plate 13.
In operation of the assembly, in the absence of a suitable compressed air signal in the control passage 27 from a governor or control valve, the clutch assembly will be in the engaged condition and therefore full drive torque will be applied on the input shaft 11 through the clutch assembly to the crankshaft of the compressor which is therefore in a charging mode for charging compressed air storage reservoirs. Upon attainment of a first predetermined compressed air pressure in the reservoirs, the governor or control valve will provide a pressure signal via the passage 27 to the release piston 22 which will thereby be urged leftwards to compress the disc springs 20 and quickly release the clutch. The compressor then stops until at a second lower pressure the controlling pressure signal in passage 27 is again removed to reengage the clutch. During the released condition of the clutch, any tendency for rotation of the piston 22 is prevented by a locating peg 28 which holds the piston 22 in a given position in relation to the housing.

Claims

1. A compressor assembly including a housing having a rotatable input shaft (11) for connection to a prime mover said shaft running in a first outer bearing (12) in the housing and incorporating inwardly thereof an input part of a multi plate clutch said input part (15) being embraced by an output assembly (18, 19) of the clutch driveably located on a compressor shaft (7) and characterised in that said input part has an axial recess (33) accommodating retaining means for a clutch output part (18) on the compressor shaft and also inwardly of the retaining means on the compressor shaft a bearing (25) about which the inner end of the input part (15) is rotatable on the compressor shaft in a disengaged condition of said clutch.

2. A compressor assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the retaining means comprises a threaded end part of the crankshaft carrying a nut (26) clamping together said output part (18) and said bearing (25).

3. A compressor assembly as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the nut (26) clamps together said output part (18) said bearing (25) and an adjacent main bearing (24) of the compressor crankshaft.