EP0146289B1 - Laundry compositions - Google Patents
Laundry compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0146289B1 EP0146289B1 EP84308271A EP84308271A EP0146289B1 EP 0146289 B1 EP0146289 B1 EP 0146289B1 EP 84308271 A EP84308271 A EP 84308271A EP 84308271 A EP84308271 A EP 84308271A EP 0146289 B1 EP0146289 B1 EP 0146289B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition according
- compositions
- quaternary ammonium
- soluble
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002979 fabric softener Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CBFCDTFDPHXCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyldodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CBFCDTFDPHXCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- JGFDZZLUDWMUQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Didecyldimethylammonium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCC JGFDZZLUDWMUQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940078672 didecyldimethylammonium Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- MELGLHXCBHKVJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(dioctyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCC MELGLHXCBHKVJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- -1 alkyl quaternary ammonium salt Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 3
- FRPJTGXMTIIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraacetylethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(=O)C(N)(C(C)=O)C(N)(C(C)=O)C(C)=O FRPJTGXMTIIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JMHWNJGXUIJPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(=O)O[SiH](CC=C)OC(C)=O Chemical compound CC(=O)O[SiH](CC=C)OC(C)=O JMHWNJGXUIJPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Didecyldimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCC RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005011 alkyl ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical class [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004670 didecyldimethylammonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940071106 ethylenediaminetetraacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005451 methyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethanolammonium Chemical class OCC[NH+](CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
- C11D17/047—Arrangements specially adapted for dry cleaning or laundry dryer related applications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
- C11D17/046—Insoluble free body dispenser
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/1253—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite
- C11D3/126—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite in solid compositions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to means of softening fabrics, wherein water-soluble quaternary ammonium salts are used to provide fabric softness and anti-static benefits.
- Detergent compositions in spray-dried form containing said salts and a smectite clay softener are disclosed.
- Formulators of fabric laundering compositions have long sought means whereby the fabric washing and softening could be done concurrently.
- Methods employing clay softeners, mixtures of clays and various amine materials and the like are described in the following patent applications: German 29 64114.3, 28 57163.3, 24 39541.3, 23 34899.4 and EP-A-0 023 367, 0 026 528 and 0 028 432.
- the use of mixtures of amines and soaps (salts of fatty acids) as through-the-wash softeners is disclosed in U.K. Patent 1 514 276.
- the present invention employs a water soluble quaternary ammonium salt in an otherwise conventional spray-dried detergent composition matrix, and clay, to provide cleaning and softening concurrently through-the-wash.
- the quaternary ammonium salts used herein provide improved softening and anti-static benefits, especially when applied to polyester fabrics and/or when the compositions herein are used at relatively high laundering temperatures (60° C, and above).
- the detergent compositions may be described succinctly as containing conventional detergent ingredients such as detersive surfactants (including anionics), detergency builders, optical brighteners, detersive enzymes, fabric bleaches, and the like, all at rather conventional levels, as well as clay fabric softeners (preferably, smectite clays), said compositions being characterized in that they contain at least 0.1 % (preferably 1.0 % to 15 %) of a water-soluble di-C6 ⁇ 10 alkyl quaternary ammonium salt.
- the compositions are formulated to contain not more than 3 % (preferably not more than 1 % - 2 %) of a nonionic detersive surfactant.
- compositions are disclosed more fully hereinafter. All weights and proportions are by weight, unless otherwise specified.
- the detergent compositions of this invention comprise, in major part, conventional ingredients that are quite familiar to formulators of granular detergent compositions.
- One of the major advantages of the water-soluble quaternary ammonium salts used herein is that they are entirely compatible with such conventional detergent ingredients, used at conventional concentrations (with the exception of the nonionic detersive surfactants).
- the water-soluble quaternaries employed herein are the di-C6 ⁇ 10 materials, such as the dimethyl di-C6-C10 ammonium bromides, chlorides and methylsulfates.
- di-C6 ⁇ 10 materials such as the dimethyl di-C6-C10 ammonium bromides, chlorides and methylsulfates.
- the compounds preferred for use herein are the di-octyl dimethyl-, didecyl dimethyl-, octyl decyl dimethyl- and dihexyldimethyl ammonium salts, e.g., chlorides and bromides, or mixtures thereof.
- Ethyl, propyl or butyl may be substituted for methyl, so long as the compounds are water-soluble. Methyl is preferred.
- the quaternaries are used in combination with a smectite clay softener, most preferably, at a weight ratio of quaternary: clay in the range of 1:100 to 100:1, preferably 0.5:1 to 1:1.
- Softener Clay The above-disclosed quaternaries are most preferably used in granular detergent compositions, where they are used in combination with a detergent-compatible clay fabric softener.
- Such clay softeners are well-known in the detergency patent literature and are in broad commercial use, both in Europe and in the United States. Included among such clay softeners are various heat-treated kaolins and various multi-layer smectites.
- Preferred clay softeners are smectite softener clays that are described in German patent document 2 334 899 and in U.K. Patent 1 400 898 which can be referred to for details.
- Softener clays are used in the preferred compositions at levels of at least 1 %, generally 1-20%, preferably 2-7 %.
- the detergent compositions of this invention will contain organic surface-active agents ("surfactants") to provide the usual cleaning benefits associated with the use of such materials.
- Detersive surfactants useful herein include well-known synthetic anionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants. Typical of these are the alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl-and alkylether sulfates, paraffin sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, amine oxides, ⁇ -sulfonates of fatty acids and of fatty acid esters, and the like, which are well-known from the detergency art. In general, such detersive surfactants contain an alkyl group in the C9-C18 range; the anionic detersive surfactants can be used in the form of their sodium, potassium or triethanolammonium salts. U.S.
- Patents 4 111 855 and 3 995 669 contain detailed listings of such typical detersive surfactants.
- C11-C16 alkyl benzene sulfonates, C12-C18 paraffin-sulfonates and alkyl sulfates are especially preferred in the compositions of the present type.
- surfactant are the water-soluble soaps, e.g. the common sodium and potassium coconut or tallow soaps well-known in the art.
- alkoxylated nonionic surfactants e.g. the C9-C18 alkyl alcohols and alkyl phenols with 5 to 20 ethoxyl groups
- alkoxylates interfere with the softening properties of the compositions.
- a limited amount may be used to disperse optical brightener in the compositions, and to reduce dustiness, according to the desires of the formulator.
- the surfactant component (other than alkoxylated nonionic) can comprise as little as 1 % of the compositions herein, but preferably the compositions will contain 5 % to 40 %, preferably 6 % to 30 %, of surfactant. Mixtures of the anionics, such as the alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates and paraffin sulfonates are preferred for through-the-wash cleansing of a broad spectrum of soils and stains from fabric.
- compositions herein can contain other ingredients which aid in their cleaning performance.
- through-the-wash detergent compositions contain a detergent builder and/or metal ion sequestrant.
- detergent builders include the nitrilotriacetates, polycarboxylates, citrates, water-soluble phosphates such as tri-polyphosphate and sodium ortho- and pyro-phosphates, silicates, and mixtures thereof.
- Metal ion sequestrants include all of the above, plus materials like ethylenediaminetetraacetate, the amino-polyphosphonates and phosphates (DEQUEST) and a wide variety or other poly-functional organic acids and salts too numerous to mention in detail here. See U.S. Patent 3 579 454 for typical examples of the use of such materials in various cleaning compositions. In general, the builder/sequestrant will comprise about 0.5% to 45% of the composition.
- the 1-10 micron size zeolite (e.g. zeolite A) builders disclose in German patent 2 422 655 are especially preferred for use in low-phosphate compositions which contain the softeners described herein.
- the laundry compositions herein also preferably contain enzymes to enhance their through-the-wash cleaning performance on a variety of soils and stains.
- Amylase and protease enzymes suitable for use in detergents are well-known in the art and in commercially available liquid and granular detergents.
- Commercial detersive enzymes preferably a mixture of amylase and protease are typically used at levels of 0.001 % to 2 %, and higher, in the present compositions.
- compositions herein can contain, in addition to ingredients already mentioned, various other optional ingredients typically used in commercial products to provide aesthetic or additional product performance benefits.
- Typical ingredients include pH regulants, perfumes, dyes, bleaches, optical brighteners, soil suspending agents, hydrotropes and gel-control agents, freeze-thaw stabilizers, bactericides preservatives, suds control agents, bleach activators and the like.
- compositions are typically used at a concentration of at least 500 ppm, preferably 0.10 % to 1.5 %, in an aqueous laundry bath at pH 7-11 to launder fabrics.
- the laundering can be carried out over the range from 5° C to the boil, with excellent results.
- aqueous crutcher mix comprising the following ingredients is prepared and spray-dried in standard fashion (percentages listed relate to percent ingredients in the complete formulation after spray-drying).
- Example I The composition of Example I is free-flowing and provides excellent cleaning and through-the-wash fabric softening.
- Example I may be modified by adding 1.0 % tetraacetyl ethylenediamine (TAED) as a perborate bleach activator.
- TAED tetraacetyl ethylenediamine
- a nil-P spray-dried detergent formulation is as follows : Ingredient Percent Zeolite A (1-10 micrometer) 26.0 Sodium nitrilotriacetate 5.0 Smectite clay* 3.0 Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 2.5 C11 ⁇ 12 alkyl benzene sulfonate (Na) 6.5 Tallow ethoxylate (EO 9-11) 0.5 Sodium perborate.4H2O 20.0 Sodium silicate 8.0 CMC 1.0 Sodium sulfate 20.0 Enzymes (1:1 amylase/protease) 1.5 Optical brightener 0.5 TAED 1.2 Water, minors to 100 * As Gelwhite GP (TM); CaC03 ion exchange capacity > 70 Meq/100 g.
- Example II The composition of Example II is prepared by spray-drying an aqueous crutcher mix. In use, the composition gives excellent cleaning and through-the-wash fabric softening performance.
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to means of softening fabrics, wherein water-soluble quaternary ammonium salts are used to provide fabric softness and anti-static benefits. Detergent compositions in spray-dried form containing said salts and a smectite clay softener are disclosed.
- The use of softeners to treat fabrics subsequent to a washing operation is a well-known laundering practice. Fabric softeners are, in the main, water-insoluble cationic materials that are incompatible with anionic detersive surfactants used in most fabric washing compositions. For that reason, the softening operation is generally carried out in the laundry rinse bath after the surfactant has been removed from the washing machine. This entails additional work for the user.
- Formulators of fabric laundering compositions have long sought means whereby the fabric washing and softening could be done concurrently. Methods employing clay softeners, mixtures of clays and various amine materials and the like, are described in the following patent applications:
German 29 64114.3, 28 57163.3, 24 39541.3, 23 34899.4 and EP-A-0 023 367, 0 026 528 and 0 028 432. The use of mixtures of amines and soaps (salts of fatty acids) as through-the-wash softeners is disclosed in U.K. Patent 1 514 276. - The prior art also describes the use of various cationic materials in sheet form. See U.S. Patent 4 220 562.
- The present invention employs a water soluble quaternary ammonium salt in an otherwise conventional spray-dried detergent composition matrix, and clay, to provide cleaning and softening concurrently through-the-wash. The quaternary ammonium salts used herein provide improved softening and anti-static benefits, especially when applied to polyester fabrics and/or when the compositions herein are used at relatively high laundering temperatures (60° C, and above).
- The detergent compositions (preferably, spray-dried) herein may be described succinctly as containing conventional detergent ingredients such as detersive surfactants (including anionics), detergency builders, optical brighteners, detersive enzymes, fabric bleaches, and the like, all at rather conventional levels, as well as clay fabric softeners (preferably, smectite clays), said compositions being characterized in that they contain at least 0.1 % (preferably 1.0 % to 15 %) of a water-soluble di-C₆₋₁₀ alkyl quaternary ammonium salt. The compositions are formulated to contain not more than 3 % (preferably not more than 1 % - 2 %) of a nonionic detersive surfactant.
- The ingredients and means for preparing the compositions are disclosed more fully hereinafter. All weights and proportions are by weight, unless otherwise specified.
- As noted hereinafter, the detergent compositions of this invention comprise, in major part, conventional ingredients that are quite familiar to formulators of granular detergent compositions. One of the major advantages of the water-soluble quaternary ammonium salts used herein is that they are entirely compatible with such conventional detergent ingredients, used at conventional concentrations (with the exception of the nonionic detersive surfactants).
- The water-soluble quaternaries employed herein are the di-C₆₋₁₀ materials, such as the dimethyl di-C₆-C₁₀ ammonium bromides, chlorides and methylsulfates. An article appearing in "SEIFEN-ÖLE FETTE-WACHSE" Nr 10-2. Juniheft 19 June, 1975, beginning at page 273, describes such materials and discloses that they are commercially available under the Trademark "BARDAC".
- The article describes the antimicrobial properties of these quaternaries and mentions (page 275) their use with anionic and nonionic detergents.
- However, this article does not disclose the use of these quaternaries in compositions of the present type, with restricted amounts of nonionic surfactants, nor with softener clays, to soften fabrics in the manner of the present invention.
- The compounds preferred for use herein (at preferred 1%-5% levels) are the di-octyl dimethyl-, didecyl dimethyl-, octyl decyl dimethyl- and dihexyldimethyl ammonium salts, e.g., chlorides and bromides, or mixtures thereof. Ethyl, propyl or butyl may be substituted for methyl, so long as the compounds are water-soluble. Methyl is preferred.
- The quaternaries are used in combination with a smectite clay softener, most preferably, at a weight ratio of quaternary: clay in the range of 1:100 to 100:1, preferably 0.5:1 to 1:1.
- Softener Clay : The above-disclosed quaternaries are most preferably used in granular detergent compositions, where they are used in combination with a detergent-compatible clay fabric softener. Such clay softeners are well-known in the detergency patent literature and are in broad commercial use, both in Europe and in the United States. Included among such clay softeners are various heat-treated kaolins and various multi-layer smectites. Preferred clay softeners are smectite softener clays that are described in German patent document 2 334 899 and in U.K. Patent 1 400 898 which can be referred to for details. Softener clays are used in the preferred compositions at levels of at least 1 %, generally 1-20%, preferably 2-7 %.
- Detersive Surfactants - The detergent compositions of this invention will contain organic surface-active agents ("surfactants") to provide the usual cleaning benefits associated with the use of such materials.
- Detersive surfactants useful herein include well-known synthetic anionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants. Typical of these are the alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl-and alkylether sulfates, paraffin sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, amine oxides, α-sulfonates of fatty acids and of fatty acid esters, and the like, which are well-known from the detergency art. In general, such detersive surfactants contain an alkyl group in the C₉-C₁₈ range; the anionic detersive surfactants can be used in the form of their sodium, potassium or triethanolammonium salts. U.S. Patents 4 111 855 and 3 995 669 contain detailed listings of such typical detersive surfactants. C₁₁-C₁₆ alkyl benzene sulfonates, C₁₂-C₁₈ paraffin-sulfonates and alkyl sulfates are especially preferred in the compositions of the present type.
- Also useful herein as the surfactant are the water-soluble soaps, e.g. the common sodium and potassium coconut or tallow soaps well-known in the art.
- It is to be understood that the use of typical alkoxylated nonionic surfactants (e.g. the C₉-C₁₈ alkyl alcohols and alkyl phenols with 5 to 20 ethoxyl groups) should be limited in the practice of this invention to levels of not more than about 3 %, preferably not more than 2 %, most preferably 0-1 %, of the compositions. Such alkoxylates interfere with the softening properties of the compositions. However, a limited amount (as stated) may be used to disperse optical brightener in the compositions, and to reduce dustiness, according to the desires of the formulator.
- The surfactant component (other than alkoxylated nonionic) can comprise as little as 1 % of the compositions herein, but preferably the compositions will contain 5 % to 40 %, preferably 6 % to 30 %, of surfactant. Mixtures of the anionics, such as the alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates and paraffin sulfonates are preferred for through-the-wash cleansing of a broad spectrum of soils and stains from fabric.
- Detersive Adjuncts - The compositions herein can contain other ingredients which aid in their cleaning performance. For example, it is highly preferred that through-the-wash detergent compositions contain a detergent builder and/or metal ion sequestrant. Compounds classifiable and well-known in the art as detergent builders include the nitrilotriacetates, polycarboxylates, citrates, water-soluble phosphates such as tri-polyphosphate and sodium ortho- and pyro-phosphates, silicates, and mixtures thereof. Metal ion sequestrants include all of the above, plus materials like ethylenediaminetetraacetate, the amino-polyphosphonates and phosphates (DEQUEST) and a wide variety or other poly-functional organic acids and salts too numerous to mention in detail here. See U.S. Patent 3 579 454 for typical examples of the use of such materials in various cleaning compositions. In general, the builder/sequestrant will comprise about 0.5% to 45% of the composition. The 1-10 micron size zeolite (e.g. zeolite A) builders disclose in German patent 2 422 655 are especially preferred for use in low-phosphate compositions which contain the softeners described herein.
- The laundry compositions herein also preferably contain enzymes to enhance their through-the-wash cleaning performance on a variety of soils and stains. Amylase and protease enzymes suitable for use in detergents are well-known in the art and in commercially available liquid and granular detergents. Commercial detersive enzymes (preferably a mixture of amylase and protease) are typically used at levels of 0.001 % to 2 %, and higher, in the present compositions.
- Moreover, the compositions herein can contain, in addition to ingredients already mentioned, various other optional ingredients typically used in commercial products to provide aesthetic or additional product performance benefits. Typical ingredients include pH regulants, perfumes, dyes, bleaches, optical brighteners, soil suspending agents, hydrotropes and gel-control agents, freeze-thaw stabilizers, bactericides preservatives, suds control agents, bleach activators and the like.
- In a through-the-wash mode, the compositions are typically used at a concentration of at least 500 ppm, preferably 0.10 % to 1.5 %, in an aqueous laundry bath at pH 7-11 to launder fabrics. The laundering can be carried out over the range from 5° C to the boil, with excellent results.
- The following examples are typical of the preferred composition of this invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
- An aqueous crutcher mix comprising the following ingredients is prepared and spray-dried in standard fashion (percentages listed relate to percent ingredients in the complete formulation after spray-drying).
Ingredients Percent C₁₁₋₁₂ alkyl benzene sulfonate 6.2 Tallow alcohol ethoxylate (EO11) 1.0 Sodium perborate 20.0 Sodium tripolyphosphate 24.0 Sodium sulfate 22.0 Sodium silicate 8.0 Smectite clay* 2.4 Ditallow methyl amine 3.8 Dioctyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 1.6 Carboxymethyl cellulose 0.4 Maleic/acrylate polymer (soil suspender) 1.7 Enzymes 0.5 Optical brightener 0.23 Sulphonated zinc phthalocyanine** 25 ppm EDTA 0.2 Perfume/copper salts/minors/brigtener 0.5 Suds suppressor 2.7 Moisture to 100 * Natural smectite; CaCO₃ ion exchange capacity above 50 meq/100g clay ** U.S. Patent 3 927 967 - The composition of Example I is free-flowing and provides excellent cleaning and through-the-wash fabric softening.
- The composition of Example I may be modified by adding 1.0 % tetraacetyl ethylenediamine (TAED) as a perborate bleach activator.
- A nil-P spray-dried detergent formulation is as follows :
Ingredient Percent Zeolite A (1-10 micrometer) 26.0 Sodium nitrilotriacetate 5.0 Smectite clay* 3.0 Didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 2.5 C₁₁₋₁₂ alkyl benzene sulfonate (Na) 6.5 Tallow ethoxylate (EO 9-11) 0.5 Sodium perborate.4H₂O 20.0 Sodium silicate 8.0 CMC 1.0 Sodium sulfate 20.0 Enzymes (1:1 amylase/protease) 1.5 Optical brightener 0.5 TAED 1.2 Water, minors to 100 * As Gelwhite GP (TM); CaC0₃ ion exchange capacity > 70 Meq/100 g. - The composition of Example II is prepared by spray-drying an aqueous crutcher mix. In use, the composition gives excellent cleaning and through-the-wash fabric softening performance.
Claims (9)
- A detergent composition comprising detersive surfactant, builders and other conventional detersive ingredients, and clay fabric softener, characterized in that it contains at least 0.1 % of a water-soluble di- C₆-C₁₀ alkyl quaternary ammonium salt and not more than 3 % by weight of alkoxylated nonionic detersive surfactant.
- A composition according to claim 1 which contains from 1 % to 15 % of the quaternary ammonium salt.
- A composition according to claim 2 where the quaternary ammonium salt is selected from dioctyl dimethyl, didecyl dimethyl, octyl decyl dimethyl and dihexyldimethyl ammonium salts, and mixtures thereof.
- A composition according to any of the foregoing claims which contains at least 1 % of a smectite clay softener.
- A composition according to claim 4 which contains 1 % to 20 % of the clay softener.
- A composition according to claim 5 which contains from 1 % to 5 % of the water-soluble quaternary ammonium salt and from 2 % to 7 % of the smectite clay.
- A composition according to claim 6 which contains not more than 3 % of an alkoxylated nonionic detersive surfactant.
- A composition according to any of the foregoing claims which contains a detergency builder selected from phosphate, nitrilotriacetate, polycarboxylate, citrate and zeolite builders, or mixtures thereof.
- A composition according to any of the foregoing claims which comprises :a) 1-5 % of a water-soluble quaternary ammonium salt selected from dioctyl dimethyl ammonium, didecyl dimethyl ammonium, octyl decyl dimethyl and dihexyldimethyl ammonium salts;b) 2-7 % of a smectite clay softener, optionally,c) 0-1 % alkoxylated nonionic detersive surfactant; andd) the balance comprising conventional detergent ingredients at conventional levels;said composition being in the form of spray-dried granules.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT84308271T ATE90111T1 (en) | 1983-11-29 | 1984-11-29 | LAUNDRY DETERGENT. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB838331823A GB8331823D0 (en) | 1983-11-29 | 1983-11-29 | Laundry compositions |
GB8331823 | 1983-11-29 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0146289A2 EP0146289A2 (en) | 1985-06-26 |
EP0146289A3 EP0146289A3 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
EP0146289B1 true EP0146289B1 (en) | 1993-06-02 |
Family
ID=10552520
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84308271A Revoked EP0146289B1 (en) | 1983-11-29 | 1984-11-29 | Laundry compositions |
Country Status (6)
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EP (1) | EP0146289B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0665719B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE90111T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1331680C (en) |
DE (1) | DE3486155T2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB8331823D0 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9506015B2 (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2016-11-29 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Compositions to boost fabric softener performance |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3604039A1 (en) * | 1986-02-08 | 1987-08-20 | Henkel Kgaa | TEXTILE DETERGENT AND CLEANING AGENT |
CA1321448C (en) * | 1986-04-11 | 1993-08-24 | John A. Hockey | Fabric softening particles |
US4786422A (en) * | 1986-10-06 | 1988-11-22 | Colgate-Palmolive Co. | Fabric softening and antistatic particulate wash cycle laundry additive containing cationic/anionic surfactant complex on bentonite |
NZ223480A (en) * | 1987-02-20 | 1990-04-26 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Solid, phosphate-free laundry softener/detergent containing diammonium softener |
GB2325471A (en) * | 1997-05-24 | 1998-11-25 | Procter & Gamble | A detergent composition |
GB2348435A (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-04 | Procter & Gamble | Softening compositions |
GB2520935B (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2016-06-22 | Little Island Patents Ltd | Improvements in or relating to clothes washing |
US9725679B2 (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2017-08-08 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Compositions to boost fabric softener performance |
US9688945B2 (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2017-06-27 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Compositions to boost fabric softener performance |
CN115897226A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2023-04-04 | 杭州桑瑞斯新材料有限公司 | Textile printing and dyeing auxiliary and preparation method thereof |
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US3886075A (en) * | 1973-02-16 | 1975-05-27 | Procter & Gamble | Fabric softening composition containing a smectite type clay |
GB1418719A (en) * | 1972-11-10 | 1975-12-24 | Procter & Gamble | Laundry detergent |
US3959155A (en) * | 1973-10-01 | 1976-05-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent composition |
US3997453A (en) * | 1974-02-11 | 1976-12-14 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Softener dispersion |
GB1519605A (en) * | 1974-11-18 | 1978-08-02 | Procter & Gamble | Detergent-compatible fabric softening and antistatic compositions |
EP0000225A1 (en) * | 1977-06-29 | 1979-01-10 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Solid detergent composition for improved greasy soil removal |
GB2020689A (en) * | 1978-05-15 | 1979-11-21 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Detergent and softening compositions |
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EP0026528A1 (en) * | 1979-09-29 | 1981-04-08 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Detergent compositions |
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US4178255A (en) * | 1978-05-15 | 1979-12-11 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Detergent compositions |
EP0026529B2 (en) * | 1979-09-29 | 1992-08-19 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Detergent compositions |
-
1983
- 1983-11-29 GB GB838331823A patent/GB8331823D0/en active Pending
-
1984
- 1984-11-27 JP JP59250374A patent/JPH0665719B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-11-28 CA CA000468757A patent/CA1331680C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-11-29 AT AT84308271T patent/ATE90111T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-11-29 EP EP84308271A patent/EP0146289B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1984-11-29 DE DE84308271T patent/DE3486155T2/en not_active Revoked
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9506015B2 (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2016-11-29 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Compositions to boost fabric softener performance |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3486155T2 (en) | 1993-12-16 |
EP0146289A3 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
EP0146289A2 (en) | 1985-06-26 |
DE3486155D1 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
GB8331823D0 (en) | 1984-01-04 |
JPH0665719B2 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
JPS60197796A (en) | 1985-10-07 |
CA1331680C (en) | 1994-08-30 |
ATE90111T1 (en) | 1993-06-15 |
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