EP0143838A1 - Gasket arrangement for a plate heat exchanger. - Google Patents
Gasket arrangement for a plate heat exchanger.Info
- Publication number
- EP0143838A1 EP0143838A1 EP84902221A EP84902221A EP0143838A1 EP 0143838 A1 EP0143838 A1 EP 0143838A1 EP 84902221 A EP84902221 A EP 84902221A EP 84902221 A EP84902221 A EP 84902221A EP 0143838 A1 EP0143838 A1 EP 0143838A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gasket
- groove
- plate
- essentially
- recesses
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
- F28F3/10—Arrangements for sealing the margins
Definitions
- This invention relates to a gasket for a plate of a plate heat exchanger, which plate is provided with a gasket groove, the gasket being made of an elastic material and intended to be applied into the gasket groove of the plate.
- a plate heat exchanger comprises a number of essentially rectangular plates as a rule fastened into a frame, which plates are sealed from each other by means of peripheral gaskets and between which are formed heat transferring areas in the form of parallel- connected heat exchanging passages for through-flow of heat exchanging media that are conducted to and from the heat exchanger via inlets and outlets preferably arranged at the one end of the plate heat exchanger, the plates at their corner parts being provided with openings for forming inlet channels and outlet channels for the heat exchanging media.
- peripheral gaskets sealing between the plates essentially consist of rubber, the sealing pressure of the gaskets being obtained when the plate package is tightened by the frame by means of set bolts.
- the purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of the ex- pansion and the holding of the gasket in a gasket groove having for instance square, rectangular or dovetailed-formed cross section. This is achieved by the fact that the gasket at least at certain places along its extension fills up essentially the whole gasket groove and that the gasket has such a design that necessary expansion space is created for the same in the gasket groove of the plate.
- Figs. 1, 4, 7 show a plane view of a part of the gasket according to the three different embodiments
- Figs. 2, 5, 8 show a cross section of the gasket along the lines II-II, V-V and VIII-VIII of Figs. 1, 4 and 7, respectively, the gasket being put jLnto a groove in a heat exchanger plate and
- Figs. 3, 6, 9 show a cross section of the gasket along the lines III-III, VI-VI and IX-IX in Figs. 1, 4 and 7, respectively, the gasket being put into a groove in a heat exchanger plate.
- the first embodiment is disclosed in the Figs. 1-3.
- the gasket 1 preferably made of rubber extends along the periphery of a plate 2 and seals off the interspace between two plates.
- a cross section II-II of the gasket according to this embodiment has essentially the form of a trapezoid, two sides 3, 4 connecting two essentially parallel sides 5, 6 of the cross section II-II of the gasket.
- the gasket 1 is put into a dovetail-formed groove 7 in the heat exchanger plate 2.
- the side 3 of the gasket cooperates with the flank 9 of the groove 7 and the side 4 of the gasket with the flank 10 of the groove 7 so that the gasket 1 fills up essentially the whole gasket groove 7.
- the advantage of this type of grooves is that the gasket is held in the groove in a secure way.
- the disadvantage is that when using a conventional gasket filling up all the space in the groove there is not sufficient expansion space for the rubber.
- one side 3 of the gasket 1 has recesses 8 so that. the cross section III-III at these places is redued in relation to the cross section II-II.
- the reduction of the cross section is preferably made in that side 3 of the gasket that does not come into contact with the heat exchanging media.
- the recesses 8 are made at certain places along one of the sides 3, 4 of the gasket and preferably recur with even interspaces along the gasket. Recesses, however, can be made in both these sides 3, 4 of the gasket 1 which are in contact with both flanks 9, 10 of the gasket groove 7.
- Figs. 4-6 a second embodiment of the invention is shown.
- the gasket 11 according to this embodiment has an appearance that looks like that according to Figs.
- the gasket 11 in conformity with the gasket according to Figs. 1-3 has recesses 8 preferably with even interspaces along the gasket in that side of the gasket that does not come into contact with the heat exchanging media. By these recesses 8 space is created for the expansion of the gasket in the gasket groove.
- the gasket 11 fills up essentially the whole gasket groove along a great part of its extension, and that the flank 16 of the gasket is in contact with the dovetail-formed flank 17 of the gasket groove, the gasket is securely held in the gasket groove.
- Figs. 7-9 there is disclosed a third embodiment of the inven- tion.
- the gasket 18 according to this embodiment has a square cross section and cooperates with a gasket groove of a corresponding form.
- the gasket 18 fills up essentially the whole gasket groove.
- this one is provided with recesses 19 preferably made in that side 20 of the gasket which does not come into contact with the heat exchanging media.
- These recesses 19 can suitably comprise a square or rectangular cut out from the side 20 of the gasket and recur with even interspaces along the gasket. Due to the fact that the gasket 18 at the unrecessed places fills up the gasket groove, the gasket is held in the same in a secure way.
- the gasket according to the third embodiment may have rectangular cross section at the unrecessed places instead of square. Furthermore, it is possible at least in certain applications to have in all three embodiments recesses also in that side of the gasket that is in touch with the heat exchanging media.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
Joint d'étanchéité (1, 11, 18) pour une plaque d'échangeur de chaleur à plaque, plaque qui est pourvue d'une rainure de joint conçue pour accueillir le joint d'étanchéité. Conformément à la présente invention, le joint d'étanchéité (1, 11, 18), au moins en certains endroits de sa longueur, remplit pratiquement toute la rainure de joint; d'autre part, le joint d'étanchéité (1, 11, 18) est d'une configuration telle qu'un espace d'expansion nécessaire est créé pour celui-ci dans la rainure de joint de la plaque.A seal (1, 11, 18) for a plate heat exchanger plate, which plate is provided with a seal groove adapted to accommodate the seal. According to the present invention, the seal (1, 11, 18), at least in certain places along its length, fills practically the entire groove of the seal; on the other hand, the seal (1, 11, 18) is of a configuration such that a necessary expansion space is created for it in the seal groove of the plate.
Description
Gasket for a plate heat exchanger
This invention relates to a gasket for a plate of a plate heat exchanger, which plate is provided with a gasket groove, the gasket being made of an elastic material and intended to be applied into the gasket groove of the plate.
A plate heat exchanger comprises a number of essentially rectangular plates as a rule fastened into a frame, which plates are sealed from each other by means of peripheral gaskets and between which are formed heat transferring areas in the form of parallel- connected heat exchanging passages for through-flow of heat exchanging media that are conducted to and from the heat exchanger via inlets and outlets preferably arranged at the one end of the plate heat exchanger, the plates at their corner parts being provided with openings for forming inlet channels and outlet channels for the heat exchanging media.
The peripheral gaskets sealing between the plates essentially consist of rubber, the sealing pressure of the gaskets being obtained when the plate package is tightened by the frame by means of set bolts.
In order that a rubber gasket shall function satisfactorily there has among other things to be sufficient space in the gasket place for an expansion of the rubber partly when the gasket is compressed during the tightening procedure and partly as a consequence of possible temperature expansion.
There is already today such an expansion space- on certain types of heat exchanger plates due to the fact that recesses are made in the flank of the gasket groove in the heat exchanger plate.
Another type of plate is disclosed in the Swedish patent No 116 638. This plate is provided with a gasket groove having a
square cross section and cooperating with a gasket having a circular cross section. Owing to this form the gasket obtains an expansion space in the gasket groove but instead problems arise regarding the holding of the gasket in the gasket groove, because the contact surface of the gasket towards the walls of the gasket groove becomes small. Due to that fact the gasket has to be held in the groove by means of special projections.
The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of the ex- pansion and the holding of the gasket in a gasket groove having for instance square, rectangular or dovetailed-formed cross section. This is achieved by the fact that the gasket at least at certain places along its extension fills up essentially the whole gasket groove and that the gasket has such a design that necessary expansion space is created for the same in the gasket groove of the plate.
Three preferred embodiments of the invention shall be described more closely in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which
Figs. 1, 4, 7 show a plane view of a part of the gasket according to the three different embodiments,
Figs. 2, 5, 8 show a cross section of the gasket along the lines II-II, V-V and VIII-VIII of Figs. 1, 4 and 7, respectively, the gasket being put jLnto a groove in a heat exchanger plate and
Figs. 3, 6, 9 show a cross section of the gasket along the lines III-III, VI-VI and IX-IX in Figs. 1, 4 and 7, respectively, the gasket being put into a groove in a heat exchanger plate.
The first embodiment is disclosed in the Figs. 1-3. The gasket 1 preferably made of rubber extends along the periphery of a plate 2 and seals off the interspace between two plates. A cross section
II-II of the gasket according to this embodiment has essentially the form of a trapezoid, two sides 3, 4 connecting two essentially parallel sides 5, 6 of the cross section II-II of the gasket.
The gasket 1 is put into a dovetail-formed groove 7 in the heat exchanger plate 2. In this connection the side 3 of the gasket cooperates with the flank 9 of the groove 7 and the side 4 of the gasket with the flank 10 of the groove 7 so that the gasket 1 fills up essentially the whole gasket groove 7. The advantage of this type of grooves is that the gasket is held in the groove in a secure way. The disadvantage, however, is that when using a conventional gasket filling up all the space in the groove there is not sufficient expansion space for the rubber.
According to Fig. 1 one side 3 of the gasket 1 has recesses 8 so that. the cross section III-III at these places is redued in relation to the cross section II-II. The reduction of the cross section is preferably made in that side 3 of the gasket that does not come into contact with the heat exchanging media.
The recesses 8 are made at certain places along one of the sides 3, 4 of the gasket and preferably recur with even interspaces along the gasket. Recesses, however, can be made in both these sides 3, 4 of the gasket 1 which are in contact with both flanks 9, 10 of the gasket groove 7.
Due to the reduction of the cross section there is created space for expansion of the gasket during the tightening of the plate package. Thus, during the tightening of the plate package the recesses are filled up by the expanding rubber. Further, due to the fact that the reduction of the cross section is preferably only made in parts of the one flank of the gasket the feature of the dovetail groove to hold the gasket is preserved at the same time as the sealing features of the gasket are not changed.
In Figs. 4-6 a second embodiment of the invention is shown. The gasket 11 according to this embodiment has an appearance that looks like that according to Figs. 1-3 with that difference that one o£ the flanks of the gasket is cut away, whereby the one side 12 of the gasket extends essentially perpendicularly to the bottom surface 13 of the gasket. This side 12 cooperates with a side surface 14 of the gasket groove extending essentially perpendicularly to the plane of the plate 15. The other side 16 of the gasket has such a form that it is in contact with the dovetail-formed flank 17 of the gasket groove. Due to that fact the gasket fills up essentially the whole gasket groove. The gasket 11 in conformity with the gasket according to Figs. 1-3 has recesses 8 preferably with even interspaces along the gasket in that side of the gasket that does not come into contact with the heat exchanging media. By these recesses 8 space is created for the expansion of the gasket in the gasket groove.
Due to the fact that the gasket 11 fills up essentially the whole gasket groove along a great part of its extension, and that the flank 16 of the gasket is in contact with the dovetail-formed flank 17 of the gasket groove, the gasket is securely held in the gasket groove.
In Figs. 7-9 there is disclosed a third embodiment of the inven- tion. The gasket 18 according to this embodiment has a square cross section and cooperates with a gasket groove of a corresponding form. In this connection the gasket 18 fills up essentially the whole gasket groove. In order to make expansion of the gasket possible this one is provided with recesses 19 preferably made in that side 20 of the gasket which does not come into contact with the heat exchanging media. These recesses 19 can suitably comprise a square or rectangular cut out from the side 20 of the gasket and recur with even interspaces along the gasket.
Due to the fact that the gasket 18 at the unrecessed places fills up the gasket groove, the gasket is held in the same in a secure way.
Other embodiments within the scope of the invention, of course. are possible. Thus, the gasket according to the third embodiment may have rectangular cross section at the unrecessed places instead of square. Furthermore, it is possible at least in certain applications to have in all three embodiments recesses also in that side of the gasket that is in touch with the heat exchanging media.
Claims
1. Gasket for a plate of. a plate heat exchanger, which plate is provided with a gasket groove, the gasket being made of an elastic material and intended to be applied into the gasket groove of the plate, ch a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the gasket (1; 11; 18) at least at certain places along its extension fills up essentially the whole gasket groove and that the gasket (1; 11; 18) has such a design that necessary expansion space is created for the same in the gasket groove of the plate.
2. Gasket according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the one (3; 16; 20) of the sides of the gasket (1; 11; 18) that is in contact with the flank of the gasket groove has recesses (8; 19).
3. Gasket according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the recesses (8; 19) are made with even interspaces along the side (3; 16; 20) of the gasket.
4. Gasket according to claim 2 or 3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that recesses (8; 19) are made in that side (3; 16; 20) of the gasket (1; 11; 18) that does not come into contact with the heat exchanging media.
5. Gasket according to anyone of the preceding claims and intended for a dovetail groove, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the gasket (1) has a cross section (II-II), the top side (5) of which is essentially less than its bottom side (6), and. that has essentially the form of a trapezoid.
6. Gasket according to anyone of the claims 2-4 and intended for a groove having flanks being essentially perpendicular to the plane of the plate, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the gasket (18) at the unrecessed places has a cross section that has essentially the form of a sψiare.
7. Gasket according to claim 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the recesses (19) comprise rectangular cut outs from the side (20) of the gasket.
8. Gasket according to anyone of the claims 2-4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that the gasket (11) has such a form that at the unrecessed places it essentially fills up a gasket groove, one flank (17) of which is dovetail-formed and the other flank (14) of which is essentially perpendicular to the plane of the plate (15).
9. Gasket according to anyone of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n that it is made of rubber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT84902221T ATE32142T1 (en) | 1983-05-20 | 1984-05-07 | GASKET ARRANGEMENT FOR PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8302861 | 1983-05-20 | ||
| SE8302861A SE8302861D0 (en) | 1983-05-20 | 1983-05-20 | PACKAGING FOR PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0143838A1 true EP0143838A1 (en) | 1985-06-12 |
| EP0143838B1 EP0143838B1 (en) | 1988-01-20 |
Family
ID=20351263
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP84902221A Expired EP0143838B1 (en) | 1983-05-20 | 1984-05-07 | Gasket arrangement for a plate heat exchanger |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0143838B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS60501378A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8406899A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3468938D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK26685A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1207480B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO850219L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8302861D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1984004809A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITVR20090014A1 (en) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-08-17 | Luca Cipriani | PLATE STRUCTURE FOR PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2446357A (en) * | 1945-10-17 | 1948-08-03 | Vigorith Anthony | Turn shoe and method of manufacture |
| US3147558A (en) * | 1961-04-12 | 1964-09-08 | Cambridge Rubber Co | Shoe having stitched-reversed insole |
| JPS63500008U (en) * | 1985-08-22 | 1988-11-02 | ||
| DE3616745A1 (en) * | 1986-05-17 | 1987-11-19 | Moll Hermann Dipl Ing Fh | Plate heat exchanger |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE116638C1 (en) * | ||||
| DE859480C (en) * | 1951-07-31 | 1952-12-15 | Creamery Package Mfg Company L | Plate heat exchanger |
| DE1064539B (en) * | 1957-10-09 | 1959-09-03 | Silkeborg Maskinfabrik As | Plate heat exchangers with sealing strips pressed into grooves, which have a part protruding over the grooves |
| DE1106453B (en) * | 1958-06-20 | 1961-05-10 | American Cyanamid Co | Method for producing a cosynthetic factor |
| NO133599L (en) * | 1967-09-20 | |||
| FR1564920A (en) * | 1968-03-14 | 1969-04-25 | ||
| FR2218145B3 (en) * | 1973-02-16 | 1975-10-24 | Adv Applic Vibration | |
| SE7601607L (en) * | 1976-02-12 | 1977-08-13 | Atomenergi Ab | PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER |
| JPS5727397A (en) * | 1980-07-25 | 1982-02-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Encoder |
-
1983
- 1983-05-20 SE SE8302861A patent/SE8302861D0/en unknown
-
1984
- 1984-05-07 DE DE8484902221T patent/DE3468938D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-05-07 WO PCT/SE1984/000171 patent/WO1984004809A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1984-05-07 JP JP59502155A patent/JPS60501378A/en active Pending
- 1984-05-07 BR BR8406899A patent/BR8406899A/en unknown
- 1984-05-07 EP EP84902221A patent/EP0143838B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-05-16 IT IT8420959A patent/IT1207480B/en active
-
1985
- 1985-01-18 DK DK26685A patent/DK26685A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-01-18 NO NO850219A patent/NO850219L/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8404809A1 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITVR20090014A1 (en) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-08-17 | Luca Cipriani | PLATE STRUCTURE FOR PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3468938D1 (en) | 1988-02-25 |
| WO1984004809A1 (en) | 1984-12-06 |
| IT1207480B (en) | 1989-05-25 |
| DK26685D0 (en) | 1985-01-18 |
| EP0143838B1 (en) | 1988-01-20 |
| DK26685A (en) | 1985-01-18 |
| BR8406899A (en) | 1985-04-16 |
| JPS60501378A (en) | 1985-08-22 |
| IT8420959A0 (en) | 1984-05-16 |
| SE8302861D0 (en) | 1983-05-20 |
| NO850219L (en) | 1985-01-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5193612A (en) | Multiple-plate heat exchanger for pressurized fluids | |
| US3720420A (en) | Gasket | |
| JP2908020B2 (en) | Plate heat exchanger | |
| US6131648A (en) | High pressure corrugated plate-type heat exchanger | |
| KR100232436B1 (en) | Plate heat exchanger | |
| US4063591A (en) | Plate heat exchangers | |
| US4635714A (en) | Packing groove in plate member of plate heat exchanger | |
| WO1999067589A3 (en) | Heat exchanger plates and sealing gaskets therefor | |
| EP0143838A1 (en) | Gasket arrangement for a plate heat exchanger. | |
| CA1138423A (en) | Plate heat exchanger | |
| JPS63197880A (en) | Plate type heat exchanger | |
| GB2235040A (en) | Plate heat exchangers | |
| US4871013A (en) | Device to prevent through-flow of a port in a plate heat exchanger | |
| KR20230110565A (en) | Gasket Arrays, Heat Transfer Plates, Kits and Assemblies | |
| KR20220136377A (en) | plate heat exchanger | |
| EP0232264A1 (en) | Heat exchanger sheet with an appertaining packing | |
| US6419239B1 (en) | Sealing structure of a joint for three members | |
| EP0777846A1 (en) | A cover round a plate heat exchanger | |
| KR20220098014A (en) | Gaskets and assemblies for plate heat exchangers | |
| JPH05203383A (en) | Plate type heat exchanger | |
| JPH05346296A (en) | Gasket for plate type heat exchanger | |
| DK0689025T3 (en) | Method of welding comb-like sealing strips on plate heat exchangers | |
| JPH026301Y2 (en) | ||
| EP1047913B1 (en) | A plate heat exchanger having a wedge-shaped gasket | |
| EP0277138A1 (en) | Plate heat exchanger. |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB LI LU NL SE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19850508 |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: BERGQVIST, JAN-OVE Inventor name: ANDERSSON, JARL, ANDERS |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19860120 |
|
| R17C | First examination report despatched (corrected) |
Effective date: 19860708 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB LI LU NL SE |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Effective date: 19880120 Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19880120 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19880120 Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19880120 Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19880120 |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 32142 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19880215 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19880131 |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3468938 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19880225 |
|
| ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19880531 |
|
| NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19920424 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19930507 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19930507 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20030508 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20030515 Year of fee payment: 20 |