EP0141899B1 - Method and apparatus for coating sheet-like materials by foams or liquids - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for coating sheet-like materials by foams or liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0141899B1
EP0141899B1 EP84105283A EP84105283A EP0141899B1 EP 0141899 B1 EP0141899 B1 EP 0141899B1 EP 84105283 A EP84105283 A EP 84105283A EP 84105283 A EP84105283 A EP 84105283A EP 0141899 B1 EP0141899 B1 EP 0141899B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
pressure stage
medium
width
foam
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EP84105283A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0141899A3 (en
EP0141899A2 (en
Inventor
Johannes Zimmer
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Individual
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
    • D06B1/08—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating from outlets being in, or almost in, contact with the textile material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
    • D06B19/0088—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor
    • D06B19/0094—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor as a foam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for applying media in the foamed state or of liquids to a carrier and an arrangement for carrying out the method.
  • the medium or the liquid in the state desired for the application is conducted to the application area by means of a first pressure stage and is distributed there over the width of the carrier or the web of material, and then with that over the working width distributed medium, an almost evenly acting, slight pressure (second pressure stage) is built up over the entire working width, with which the medium is fed to a third pressure stage, and the medium is pressurized again in this third pressure stage and by means of this third pressure stage on the carrier or the web is applied.
  • a processing device for the medium or the liquid has a pressure generator, the outlet of which opens via a line into a width distribution space, and that the width distribution space is connected to the entry into the third pressure stage, which in turn is a Includes pressure generator.
  • the medium already in the desired state in a storage container is introduced into a width distribution device by means of a device which generates the first pressure stage according to the method, or is introduced into a storage space which extends over the working width.
  • the measures according to the invention allow media in the foamed state of any type and consistency to be applied uniformly in any amount, even the smallest of amounts, whereby the difficulties previously encountered with foams are avoided.
  • the invention can also be applied to liquids of the most varied viscosities.
  • Fig.1 1 shows the basic circuit diagram for the entire method
  • Fig. The arrangement according to the invention. 6 to 6 show different possibilities for a foam feed.
  • 7 and 8 show two embodiments for the arrangement according to the invention.
  • a first pressure stage 1 air is introduced from an inlet 3 into a mixing chamber 4 by an air pressure and volume control system 2.
  • the medium to be foamed is introduced into this mixing chamber from a storage vessel 6 via the inlet 6a by means of a quantity-adjustable liquid pressure generation pump 5.
  • the air and medium can be mixed statically or dynamically. If liquid and not foam is to be processed, the air supply and the mixing chamber can be omitted.
  • the foam or the liquid is then pressed along a line 7 under a pressure of 3 to 5 bar into a hose line 8. From this hose line, the foam enters a width distribution space 9 under low pressure. This width distribution space 9 distributes the delivered foam almost uniformly over the entire working width of the application bar 10.
  • the hose 8 must have a considerable length, 10 m and more, in order to ensure that the foam exits completely evenly at the other end without air pockets.
  • the closer construction of the application bar 10 is shown.
  • the application bar 10 has a housing 11 in which the width distribution space 9 is provided.
  • This width distribution space 9 can be designed differently and it can have its own width distribution device; As shown in FIG. 3, this can either be constructed in the manner of a funnel or with more or less finely distributed branching channels or simply as a hollow shape for receiving in the form of a cone of pouring.
  • the foam enters directly into the upper region of the width distribution space 9.
  • the outlet occurs at the lower end of a width distribution device into a storage space 13.
  • a foam supply is built up, the width of which is at least as large as the working width of the application bar 10.
  • the foam enters a chamber 14, from where it is guided via the toothed rollers 15 to an outlet gap 16.
  • the toothed rollers 15 form a pressure stage, since they exert a pressure on the foam which is sufficient to introduce the foam through the outlet gap into the web below. It goes without saying that this pressure level does not necessarily have to be provided by tooth rollers, but that other pressure-generating devices can also be used. It should be expressly emphasized that the first pressure stage formed by the foam generating device and the other pressure stages are independent of one another and can be set and regulated separately.
  • the medium that is to say the foam or the liquid
  • the medium is distributed in the storage space 13 over the working width in an almost depressurized or even depressurized state.
  • a slight pressure is now exerted on the medium, i.e. the medium is subjected to a second pressure stage.
  • the pressure exerted here only needs to be so great that the suction area for the third pressure stage is evenly supplied with foam or liquid. It should be noted that under certain circumstances you can also use the weight of the medium to build up the second pressure stage. The more fluid (watery) the medium, the easier it is to build up the suction pressure as a liquid pressure with the weight of a liquid.
  • a floating body 17 is provided, which is designed in the form of a bar.
  • the floating body 17 has an enlarged lower surface and essentially closes the open surface of the space 13.
  • the floating body 17 can be moved up and down in the manner of a piston in the storage space 13, with a seal between the walls of the housing 11 and the floating body 17 the foam itself is given.
  • the weight of the floating body exerts a slight overpressure on the foam, at the same time this floating body compensates for irregularities in the width distribution.
  • the weight or the pressure generated thereby is sufficient to keep the suction part of the second pressure stage constant and pressure-balanced, i.e. without air holes to feed the foam.
  • the float can be adapted to any foam density as required.
  • the floating body 17 In addition to the function of building up an extremely minimal overpressure, the floating body 17 also has the function of keeping the foam supply free of undesired air influences and free of foam-destroying air inlets in addition to the function of the fine distribution of the foam already mentioned. In addition, however, it forms a mechanical control element between the foam consumption and the foam delivery, in that the control impulses for the control of the foam delivery quantity can be derived by any auxiliary devices from the change in height of the floating body.
  • the sensor 18 is indicated schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that this sensor 18 reacts back to stage 1 via a connection 19. Such sensors are known, whereby this sensor can be a rod probe which is pivoted by the floating body 17, the response of the probe can be capacitive, etc.
  • Openings 20 can be seen in the upper part of the wall of the housing 11, through which excess foam can escape when the floating body 17 is in an upper position. This is particularly advantageous, since it is easy to remove the foam that has been standing for a long time and is already aging or decomposing. It is thus possible to supply the foam generating device with a pulse by hand, as a result of which a large amount of foam is delivered for a short time, which pushes the old foam upward and thus through the bores 20, from where the foam is then guided to a storage container (not shown) can. This is because the foam emerges from the width distribution device in the lower region of the space 13 near the second pressure stage and thus the foam already in the space 13 is pressed upwards when the foam is delivered in large quantities. Even during operation of the entire arrangement, from time to time, e.g. every 10 seconds, a larger amount of foam is automatically delivered to remove the longer standing foam.
  • FIG. 2 also shows a perforated plate 21 a which serves as a protective device for the second pressure stage in order to prevent foreign bodies from entering the chamber 14.
  • the foam can now be applied either directly from the exit gap 16 to the web 21 passing through with sliding contact or indirectly via a transfer roller 22, the application then with rolling contact and press-in action, for example with a magnet press-in effect, for example with a magnet system 23.
  • the piston 17 can also be omitted if the dead weight of the foam in the space 13 is large enough to generate the pressure required for the second pressure stage.
  • FIGS. 6 to 6 show different possibilities for supplying foam.
  • the foam is introduced into a funnel 25 via a line 24.
  • the line 24 is divided into a number of lines 26, which open out at different points in an outlet slot. According to FIG. 5, there is a fine division over lines 27.
  • the line 24 opens into a closed space 28 in which a pouring cone 29 is formed from the foam.
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention which is somewhat modified compared to FIG. 2.
  • a foam is introduced via the pressure connection 30 into the width distribution space 9 of the application bar 10.
  • the hose connector 30 and the supply hose, not shown, can be moved back and forth in the longitudinal direction to the application bar 10, and the foam is distributed over the working width in such a way that the hose connector 30 is moved back and forth at a predetermined speed.
  • the covering of the width distribution space 9 is moved along with the hose connector 30.
  • the foam distributed in this way then comes into a storage space, the open area of which is essentially closed by a floating body 17.
  • This float 17 gives the pressure required for the second pressure level, which approximately corresponds to the suction of the third pressure level.
  • the third pressure stage is again formed here by the toothed rollers 15.
  • FIG. 8 shows a different spatial arrangement of the application bar 10.
  • the foam is again introduced into the width distribution space 9 via a pressure connection 30.
  • the hose connector and the hose are also moved in the longitudinal direction of the application bar.
  • the foam thus distributed over the working width reaches space 31, which has an open surface 32 that is essentially closed by floating body 17.
  • the outlet gap 16 points upwards, so that the foam supplied via the second pressure stage of the third pressure stage has to be conveyed upward via the toothed rollers 15. So foam application from bottom to top is possible here. It has been shown that the pressure applied by the floating body 17 to the foam is sufficient to continuously and completely supply the required material to the third pressure stage.
  • the principle of the present invention can be applied to any spatial position of the outlet gap 16.
  • the invention has made it possible to use foamed media for process engineering in the treatment of carriers in webs without the problems mentioned at the outset adversely affecting the process.
  • the inventive measures in the arrangement result in an improvement in process technology, the greater the lower the foam density or the lower the stability of the foam used, because it is now possible to work with an extremely minimal amount of foam.
  • the foams of low density and those with low flowability according to the prior art were not reliably exact and could be manipulated and controlled in the smallest quantity ranges. This has now been changed by the invention. According to the current state of the art, either uncertainty factors with regard to reliability and uniformity or costly substance losses or those which aggravate the technology had to be accepted.
  • the floating body 17 can also be omitted, in which case the control impulses can be taken directly from the liquid level.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A viscous medium such as a fabric treatment foam is applied to a fabric web by a distributing device extending across the continuously moving web. The foam is pressurized in a first stage and delivered over a long pipe to a distributing chamber of the device where it is distributed over the entire width of the web. The foam is then admitted into a compartment in which it can form a column surmounted by a float to establish a lower second pressure stage and at this lower pressure the foam passes to a pressure generator which forces the foam from a slot-like orifice at a third pressure higher than the second pressure.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Auftragen von Medien im aufgeschäumten Zustand bzw. von Flüssigkeiten auf einen Träger sowie eine Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for applying media in the foamed state or of liquids to a carrier and an arrangement for carrying out the method.

Das gleichmässige Auftragen von Medien auf einen Träger, insbesondere auf eine Warenbahn, ist ein Problem, das nur sehr schwierig zu lösen ist, insbesondere dann, wenn man kontinuierliche Warenbahnen grosser Breite, z.B. 5 m und mehr, mit grösseren Geschwindigkeiten behandeln will. Dieses Problem wird noch vergrössert, wenn nur ganz geringe Mengen dieser Medien gleichmässig aufzutragen sind. Man hat in letzter Zeit versucht, die erforderlichen chemischen Materialien in Form eines Schaumes auf den Träger und hier insbesondere auf die Warenbahn aufzutragen. Hier ergeben sich insofern Probleme, als der Schaum nach seiner Herstellung bis zum-Auftragen seine Konsistenz und seine Eigenschaften nicht ändern soll, nach dem Auftragen jedoch ohne Spuren zu hinterlassen aufgelöst werden soll. Dies bedeutet aber, dass man während der Herstellung und während des Transportes des Schaumes zum Auftragungsbereich darauf achten muss, dass der Schaum völlig gleichmässig ist, dass seine Alterung nach Möglichkeit unterbunden wird bzw. dass gealterter oder sich zersetzender Schaum auf einfache Weise vor der Auftragung entfernt werden kann und an derAuftragungsstelle gleichmässig über den gesamten Arbeitsbereich verteilt ist.The even application of media to a carrier, especially to a web, is a problem that is very difficult to solve, especially when large width continuous webs, e.g. 5 m and more, wants to treat at higher speeds. This problem is exacerbated if only very small amounts of these media have to be applied evenly. Attempts have recently been made to apply the required chemical materials in the form of a foam to the carrier and here in particular to the web. Problems arise here in that the foam should not change its consistency and properties after its production until it is applied, but should be dissolved after application without leaving any traces. However, this means that during production and during the transport of the foam to the application area, care must be taken to ensure that the foam is completely uniform, that its aging is prevented as far as possible, or that aged or decomposing foam is removed easily before application and can be distributed evenly over the entire work area at the application point.

Erfindungsgemäss wird nun bei dem eingangs erwähnten Verfahren vorgeschlagen, dass das Medium oder die Flüssigkeit in dem für die Auftragung gewünschten Zustand mittels einer ersten Druckstufe zum Auftragungsbereich geleitet und dort über die Breite des Trägers oder die Warenbahn verteilt wird, dass dann mit dem über die Arbeitsbreite verteilten Medium ein über die gesamte Arbeitsbreite annähernd gleichmässig wirkender, geringfügiger Druck (zweite Druckstufe) aufgebaut wird, mit dem das Medium einer dritten Druckstufe zugeleitet wird, und das Medium in dieser dritten Druckstufe erneut unter Druck gesetzt wird und mittels dieser dritten Druckstufe auf den Träger oder die Warenbahn aufgebracht wird.According to the invention, it is now proposed in the method mentioned at the outset that the medium or the liquid in the state desired for the application is conducted to the application area by means of a first pressure stage and is distributed there over the width of the carrier or the web of material, and then with that over the working width distributed medium, an almost evenly acting, slight pressure (second pressure stage) is built up over the entire working width, with which the medium is fed to a third pressure stage, and the medium is pressurized again in this third pressure stage and by means of this third pressure stage on the carrier or the web is applied.

Bei der Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens wird vorgeschlagen, dass eine Aufbereitungsvorrichtung für das Medium oder die Flüssigkeit einen Druckgenerator aufweist, dessen Ausgang über eine Leitung in einen Breitenverteilungsraum mündet, und dass der Breitenverteilungsraum mit dem Eintritt in die dritte Druckstufe verbunden ist, die wiederum einen Druckgenerator enthält.In the arrangement for carrying out the method, it is proposed that a processing device for the medium or the liquid has a pressure generator, the outlet of which opens via a line into a width distribution space, and that the width distribution space is connected to the entry into the third pressure stage, which in turn is a Includes pressure generator.

Eine andere Möglichkeit zur Durchführung des Verfahrens liegt darin, dass das bereits im gewünschten Zustand in einem Vorratsbehälter befindliche Medium mittels einer, die verfahrensgemässe erste Druckstufe erzeugenden Vorrichtung in einer Breitenverteilungsvorrichtung eingebracht bzw. in einen über die Arbeitsbreite erstreckenden Vorratsraum eingeleitet wird.Another possibility for carrying out the method is that the medium already in the desired state in a storage container is introduced into a width distribution device by means of a device which generates the first pressure stage according to the method, or is introduced into a storage space which extends over the working width.

Durch die erfinderischen Massnahmen können Medien im aufgeschäumten Zustand jeglicher Art und Konsistenz in beliebigen, auch allerkleinsten Mengen gleichmässig aufgetragen werden, wobei die bisher bei Schäumen auftretenden Schwierigkeiten vermieden sind. Die Erfindung lässt sich aber auch bei Flüssigkeiten der verschiedensten Viskositäten anwenden.The measures according to the invention allow media in the foamed state of any type and consistency to be applied uniformly in any amount, even the smallest of amounts, whereby the difficulties previously encountered with foams are avoided. However, the invention can also be applied to liquids of the most varied viscosities.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Zeichnungen beispielsweise näher beschrieben. Fig.1 1 zeigt das Prinzipschaltbild für das gesamte Verfahren, Fig. die Anordnung gemäss der Erfindung. Die Fig. bis 6 zeigen verschiedene Möglichkeiten für eine Schaumzuführung. Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen zwei Ausführungsformen für die Anordnung gemäss der Erfindung.The invention will now be described, for example, with reference to the drawings. Fig.1 1 shows the basic circuit diagram for the entire method, Fig. The arrangement according to the invention. 6 to 6 show different possibilities for a foam feed. 7 and 8 show two embodiments for the arrangement according to the invention.

Die Fig. 1 sei anhand der beschrieben, jedoch sei gleich darauf hingewiesen, dass in gleicher Weise auch Flüssigkeiten eingesetzt werden können. In einer ersten Druckstufe 1 wird von einem Luftdruck- und Mengenreguliersystem 2 Luft vom Eingang 3 in eine Mischkammer 4 eingebracht. In diese Mischkammer wird aus einem Vorratsgefäss 6 über den Eingang 6a mittels einer mengenregulierbaren Flüssigkeitsdruckerzeugungspumpe 5 das zu verschäumende Medium eingeleitet. Die Mischung von Luft und Medium kann statisch oder dynamisch erfolgen. Wenn Flüssigkeit und nicht Schaum verarbeitet werden soll, so können die Luftzufuhr und die Mischkammer weggelassen werden. Der Schaum oder die Flüssigkeit wird dann entlang der Leitung 7 unter einem Überdruck von 3 bis 5 bar in eine Schlauchleitung 8 hineingepresst. Aus dieser Schlauchleitung tritt der Schaum unter geringem Druck in einen Breitenverteilungsraum 9 ein. Dieser Breitenverteilungsraum 9 verteilt den angelieferten Schaum nahezu gleichmässig über die gesamte Arbeitsbreite der Aufbringsleiste 10. Der Schlauch 8 muss eine beträchtliche Länge haben, 10 m und mehr, um zu gewährleisten, dass der Schaum am anderen Ende völlig gleichmässig ohne Lufteinschlüsse austritt.1 is described with reference to FIG. 1, but it should be pointed out immediately that liquids can also be used in the same way. In a first pressure stage 1, air is introduced from an inlet 3 into a mixing chamber 4 by an air pressure and volume control system 2. The medium to be foamed is introduced into this mixing chamber from a storage vessel 6 via the inlet 6a by means of a quantity-adjustable liquid pressure generation pump 5. The air and medium can be mixed statically or dynamically. If liquid and not foam is to be processed, the air supply and the mixing chamber can be omitted. The foam or the liquid is then pressed along a line 7 under a pressure of 3 to 5 bar into a hose line 8. From this hose line, the foam enters a width distribution space 9 under low pressure. This width distribution space 9 distributes the delivered foam almost uniformly over the entire working width of the application bar 10. The hose 8 must have a considerable length, 10 m and more, in order to ensure that the foam exits completely evenly at the other end without air pockets.

In Fig. 2 ist die nähere Konstruktion der Aufbringungsleiste 10 gezeigt. Bei dem hier dargestellten Beispiel besitzt die Aufbringungsleiste 10 ein Gehäuse 11, in dem der Breitenverteilungsraum 9 vorgesehen ist. Dieser Breitenverteilungsraum 9 kann verschieden ausgebildet sein, und er kann eine eigene Breitenverteilungseinrichtung aufweisen; diese kann, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, entweder in der Art eines Trichters oder mit mehr oder weniger fein verteilten Verzweigungskanälen oder einfach als Hohlform zur Aufnahme in Form eines Schüttkegels gebaut sein. Am Ende 12 des Schlauches tritt der Schaum direkt in den oberen Bereich des Breitenverteilungsraumes 9 ein. Der Austritt erfolgt bei dem dargestellten Beispiel am unteren Ende einer Breitenverteilungseinrichtung in einen Vorratsraum 13. Hier baut sich ein Schaumvorrat auf, dessen Breite mindestens gleich gross wie die Arbeitsbreite der Auftragungsleiste 10 ist. Vom Vorratsraum 13 tritt der Schaum in eine Kammer 14 ein, von wo er über die Zahnwalzen 15 zu einem Austrittsspalt 16 geführt wird. Die Zahnwalzen 15 bilden eine Druckstufe, da sie auf den Schaum einen Druck ausüben, der ausreicht, um den Schaum durch den Austrittsspalt hindurch in die darunter vorbeigeführte Warenbahn einzubringen. Es ist selbstverständlich, dass diese Druckstufe nicht unbedingt durch Zahnwalzen gegeben sein muss, sondern dass auch andere Druck erzeugende Einrichtungen verwendet werden können. Es sei ausdrücklich betont, dass die durch die Schaumerzeugungseinrichtung gebildete erste Druckstufe und die anderen Druckstufen voneinander unabhängig sind und getrennt eingestellt und geregelt werden können.In Fig. 2 the closer construction of the application bar 10 is shown. In the example shown here, the application bar 10 has a housing 11 in which the width distribution space 9 is provided. This width distribution space 9 can be designed differently and it can have its own width distribution device; As shown in FIG. 3, this can either be constructed in the manner of a funnel or with more or less finely distributed branching channels or simply as a hollow shape for receiving in the form of a cone of pouring. At the end 12 of the hose, the foam enters directly into the upper region of the width distribution space 9. In the example shown, the outlet occurs at the lower end of a width distribution device into a storage space 13. Here, a foam supply is built up, the width of which is at least as large as the working width of the application bar 10. From Storage space 13, the foam enters a chamber 14, from where it is guided via the toothed rollers 15 to an outlet gap 16. The toothed rollers 15 form a pressure stage, since they exert a pressure on the foam which is sufficient to introduce the foam through the outlet gap into the web below. It goes without saying that this pressure level does not necessarily have to be provided by tooth rollers, but that other pressure-generating devices can also be used. It should be expressly emphasized that the first pressure stage formed by the foam generating device and the other pressure stages are independent of one another and can be set and regulated separately.

Im Vorratsraum 13 befindet sich das Medium, also der Schaum oder die Flüssigkeit, über die Arbeitsbreite verteilt in nahezu drucklosem oder sogar in drucklosem Zustand. Auf das Medium wird nun ein geringfügiger Druck ausgeübt, d.h., das Medium wird einer zweiten Druckstufe ausgesetzt. Der hier ausgeübte Druck braucht nur so gross sein, dass der Ansaugbereich für die dritte Druckstufe gleichmässig mit Schaum oder Flüssigkeit versorgt wird. Hiebei ist zu beachten, dass man unter Umständen zum Aufbau der zweiten Druckstufe auch das Eigengewicht des Mediums heranziehen kann. Je fliessfähiger (wässriger) das Medium ist, um so einfacher kann der Ansaugdruck als Flüssigkeitsdruck mit dem Eigengewicht einer Flüssigkeit aufgebaut werden. Je höher jedoch der Viskositätsgrad bzw. der Verschäumungsgrad der Flüssigkeit ist bzw. um so schlechter deren Fliessverhalten, um so mehr zusätzliche mechanische Hilfsmittel sind erforderlich, um den zur luftfreien und druckkonstanten Zuführung des Mediums zum Arbeitsteil erforderlichen Vor- bzw. Ansaugdruck aufzubauen. Erst in der dritten Druckstufe erhält dann das Medium den eigentlichen Arbeitsdruck.The medium, that is to say the foam or the liquid, is distributed in the storage space 13 over the working width in an almost depressurized or even depressurized state. A slight pressure is now exerted on the medium, i.e. the medium is subjected to a second pressure stage. The pressure exerted here only needs to be so great that the suction area for the third pressure stage is evenly supplied with foam or liquid. It should be noted that under certain circumstances you can also use the weight of the medium to build up the second pressure stage. The more fluid (watery) the medium, the easier it is to build up the suction pressure as a liquid pressure with the weight of a liquid. However, the higher the degree of viscosity or the degree of foaming of the liquid or the poorer its flow behavior, the more additional mechanical aids are required to build up the preliminary or suction pressure required for the air-free and pressure-constant supply of the medium to the working part. Only in the third pressure stage does the medium get the actual working pressure.

Ist der im Vorratsraum befindliche Schaum nicht oder nur ungenügend fliessfähig, so ist es am günstigsten, auf die Oberfläche des Schaumvorrates den erforderlichen geringfügigen Druck aufzubringen. Dieser Druck muss der jeweiligen Schaumart angepasst sein, um zu vermeiden, dass durch diesen Druck der Schaum zu stark zusammengepresst wird und dann seine Eigenschaften ändert. Zu diesem Zweck ist ein Schwimmkörper 17 vorgesehen, der in Form einer Leiste ausgebildet ist. Der Schwimmkörper 17 hat eine vergrösserte untere Fläche und verschliesst im wesentlichen die offene Fläche des Raumes 13. Der Schwimmkörper 17 kann nach Art eines Kolbens im Vorratsraum 13 auf- und abbewegt werden, wobei eine Abdichtung zwischen den Wandungen des Gehäuses 11 und dem Schwimmkörper 17 durch den Schaum selbst gegeben wird. Durch das Gewicht des Schwimmkörpers ist ein geringfügiger Überdruck auf den Schaum ausgeübt, wobei gleichzeitig dieser Schwimmkörper Unregelmässigkeiten in der Breitenverteilung ausgleicht. Das Gewicht oder der dadurch erzeugte Druck reicht aus, um dem Ansaugteil der zweiten Druckstufe konstant und druckausgeglichen, d.h. ohne Luftlöcher, den Schaum zuzuführen. Durch Änderung des Gewichtes kann der Schwimmkörper jeder Schaumdichte je nach Bedarf angepasst werden.If the foam in the storage room is not or only insufficiently flowable, it is best to apply the required slight pressure to the surface of the foam supply. This pressure must be adapted to the respective type of foam in order to avoid that this pressure compresses the foam too much and then changes its properties. For this purpose, a floating body 17 is provided, which is designed in the form of a bar. The floating body 17 has an enlarged lower surface and essentially closes the open surface of the space 13. The floating body 17 can be moved up and down in the manner of a piston in the storage space 13, with a seal between the walls of the housing 11 and the floating body 17 the foam itself is given. The weight of the floating body exerts a slight overpressure on the foam, at the same time this floating body compensates for irregularities in the width distribution. The weight or the pressure generated thereby is sufficient to keep the suction part of the second pressure stage constant and pressure-balanced, i.e. without air holes to feed the foam. By changing the weight, the float can be adapted to any foam density as required.

Der Schwimmkörper 17 hat ausser Funktion einen äusserst minimalen Überdruck aufzubauen und ausser der bereits erwähnten Funktion der feinen Breitenverteilung des Schaumes auch die Funktion, den Schaumvorrat frei von unerwünschten Lufteinflüssen und frei von schaumzerstörend wirkenden Luftzutritten zu halten. Ausserdem bildet er aber ein mechanisches Steuerglied zwischen dem Schaumverbrauch und der Schaumanlieferung, indem nämlich aus der Höhenänderung des Schwimmkörpers die Steuerimpulse für die Steuerung der Schaumanlieferungsmenge durch beliebige Hilfseinrichtungen abgeleitet werden können. Der Sensor 18 ist in den Fig. 1 und 2 schematisch angedeutet. Aus der Fig. 1 kann man erkennen, dass dieser Sensor 18 über eine Verbindung 19 auf die Stufe 1 zurückwirkt. Derartige Sensoren sind bekannt, wobei dieser Sensor eine Stabsonde sein kann, die vom Schwimmkörper 17 verschwenkt wird, das Ansprechen der Sonde kann kapazitiv erfolgen usw.In addition to the function of building up an extremely minimal overpressure, the floating body 17 also has the function of keeping the foam supply free of undesired air influences and free of foam-destroying air inlets in addition to the function of the fine distribution of the foam already mentioned. In addition, however, it forms a mechanical control element between the foam consumption and the foam delivery, in that the control impulses for the control of the foam delivery quantity can be derived by any auxiliary devices from the change in height of the floating body. The sensor 18 is indicated schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that this sensor 18 reacts back to stage 1 via a connection 19. Such sensors are known, whereby this sensor can be a rod probe which is pivoted by the floating body 17, the response of the probe can be capacitive, etc.

Im oberen Teil der Wand des Gehäuses 11 sind Öffnungen 20 zu erkennen, durch die dann, wenn sich der Schwimmkörper 17 in einer oberen Lage befindet, überschüssiger Schaum austreten kann. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft, da man auf diese Weise einfach den länger stehenden Schaum, der bereits altert oder sich zersetzt, entfernen kann. So ist es möglich, der Schaumerzeugungseinrichtung händisch einen Impuls zuzuführen, wodurch für kurze Zeit eine grosse Schaumanlieferung erfolgt, die den alten Schaum nach oben drückt und somit durch die Bohrungen 20 hindurch, von wo der Schaum dann zu einem Lagerbehälter (nicht dargestellt) geführt werden kann. Dies deshalb, weil der Schaum aus der Breitenverteilungseinrichtung im unteren Bereich des Raumes 13 nahe der zweiten Druckstufe austritt und somit bei einer grösseren Schaumanlieferung der bereits im Raum 13 befindliche Schaum nach oben gedrückt wird. Auch während des Betriebes der gesamten Anordnung kann von Zeit zu Zeit, z.B. alle 10 Sek., automatisch eine grössere Schaummenge angeliefert werden, um den länger stehenden Schaum zu entfernen.Openings 20 can be seen in the upper part of the wall of the housing 11, through which excess foam can escape when the floating body 17 is in an upper position. This is particularly advantageous, since it is easy to remove the foam that has been standing for a long time and is already aging or decomposing. It is thus possible to supply the foam generating device with a pulse by hand, as a result of which a large amount of foam is delivered for a short time, which pushes the old foam upward and thus through the bores 20, from where the foam is then guided to a storage container (not shown) can. This is because the foam emerges from the width distribution device in the lower region of the space 13 near the second pressure stage and thus the foam already in the space 13 is pressed upwards when the foam is delivered in large quantities. Even during operation of the entire arrangement, from time to time, e.g. every 10 seconds, a larger amount of foam is automatically delivered to remove the longer standing foam.

In der Fig. 2 ist noch ein Lochblech 21 a gezeigt, das als Schutzvorrichtung für die zweite Druckstufe dient, um zu vermeiden, dass Fremdkörper in die Kammer 14 eindringen.FIG. 2 also shows a perforated plate 21 a which serves as a protective device for the second pressure stage in order to prevent foreign bodies from entering the chamber 14.

Wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, kann das Aufbringen des Schaumes nun einerseits direkt aus dem Austrittsspalt 16 auf die mit Schleifkontakt durchlaufende Warenbahn 21 erfolgen oder anderseits indirekt über eine Übertragungsrolle 22, wobei dann die Aufbringung mit rollendem Kontakt und einpressender Wirkung, z.B. mit einem Magneteinpressender Wirkung, z.B. mit einem Magnetsystem 23, durchgeführt wird.As shown in Fig. 2, the foam can now be applied either directly from the exit gap 16 to the web 21 passing through with sliding contact or indirectly via a transfer roller 22, the application then with rolling contact and press-in action, for example with a magnet press-in effect, for example with a magnet system 23.

Der Kolben 17 kann auch entfallen, wenn das Eigengewicht des im Raum 13 befindlichen Schaumes gross genug ist, um den für die zweite Druckstufe erforderlichen Druck zu erzeugen.The piston 17 can also be omitted if the dead weight of the foam in the space 13 is large enough to generate the pressure required for the second pressure stage.

Die Fig. bis 6 zeigen verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Schaumzuführung. In der Fig.3 wird der Schaum über eine Leitung 24 in einen Trichter 25 eingebracht. In Fig.4 wird die Leitung 24 in mehrere Leitungen 26 aufgeteilt, die an verschiedenen Stellen eines Austrittsschlitzes münden. Gemäss Fig. 5 erfolgt eine feine Aufteilung über Leitungen 27. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 6 mündet die Leitung 24 in einen geschlossenen Raum 28, in dem aus dem Schaum ein Schüttkegel 29 gebildet wird.FIGS. 6 to 6 show different possibilities for supplying foam. In FIG. 3, the foam is introduced into a funnel 25 via a line 24. In FIG. 4, the line 24 is divided into a number of lines 26, which open out at different points in an outlet slot. According to FIG. 5, there is a fine division over lines 27. In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the line 24 opens into a closed space 28 in which a pouring cone 29 is formed from the foam.

Die Fig. 7 zeigt eine gegenüber der Fig. 2 etwas abgeänderte Ausführungsform der Anordnung gemäss der Erfindung. Hier wird ein Schaum über den Druckstutzen 30 in den Breitenverteilungsraum 9 der Aufbringungsleiste 10 eingebracht. Der Schlauchstutzen 30 und der nichtdargestellte Zuführungschlauch sind in Längsrichtung zur Aufbringungsleiste 10 hin und her beweglich, und die Verteilung des Schaumes über die Arbeitsbreite erfolgt derart, dass man den Schlauchstutzen 30 mit einer vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeit hin und her bewegt. Die Abdekkung des Breitenverteilungsraumes 9 wird mit dem Schlauchstutzen 30 mitbewegt. Auch hier kommt der so verteilte Schaum dann in einen Vorratsraum, dessen offene Fläche im wesentlichen durch einen Schwimmkörper 17 verschlossen ist. Dieser Schwimmkörper 17 gibt den für die zweite Druckstufe erforderlichen Druck, der dem Ansaugsog der dritten Druckstufe ungefähr entspricht. Die dritte Druckstufe wird auch hier wieder durch die Zahnwalzen 15 gebildet.FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention which is somewhat modified compared to FIG. 2. Here, a foam is introduced via the pressure connection 30 into the width distribution space 9 of the application bar 10. The hose connector 30 and the supply hose, not shown, can be moved back and forth in the longitudinal direction to the application bar 10, and the foam is distributed over the working width in such a way that the hose connector 30 is moved back and forth at a predetermined speed. The covering of the width distribution space 9 is moved along with the hose connector 30. Here, too, the foam distributed in this way then comes into a storage space, the open area of which is essentially closed by a floating body 17. This float 17 gives the pressure required for the second pressure level, which approximately corresponds to the suction of the third pressure level. The third pressure stage is again formed here by the toothed rollers 15.

Die Ausführungsform gemäss Fig. 8 zeigt eine andere räumliche Anordnung der Aufbringungsleiste 10. Auch hier wird der Schaum wieder über einen Druckstutzen 30 in den Breitenverteilungsraum 9 eingebracht. Wie bei der Fig. 7 wird auch hier der Schlauchstutzen und der Schlauch in Längsrichtung der Aufbringungsleiste bewegt. Der so über die Arbeitsbreite verteilte Schaum gelangt in den Raum 31, der eine vom Schwimmkörper 17 im wesentlichen verschlossene, offene Fläche 32 aufweist. Im Gegensatz zu den bisherigen Ausführungsformen weist hier jedoch der Austrittsspalt 16 nach oben, so dass der über die zweite Druckstufe der dritten Druckstufe zugeführte Schaum über die Zahnwalzen 15 nach oben gefördert werden muss. Hier ist also eine Schaumauftragung von unten nach oben möglich. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass der von dem Schwimmkörper 17 auf den Schaum aufgebrachte Druck ausreicht, um der dritten Druckstufe kontinuierlich und völlig konstant das erforderliche Material zuzuführen. Das Prinzip der vorliegenden Erfindung lässt sich bei jeder räumlichen Lage des Austrittsspaltes 16 anwenden.The embodiment according to FIG. 8 shows a different spatial arrangement of the application bar 10. Here, too, the foam is again introduced into the width distribution space 9 via a pressure connection 30. As in FIG. 7, the hose connector and the hose are also moved in the longitudinal direction of the application bar. The foam thus distributed over the working width reaches space 31, which has an open surface 32 that is essentially closed by floating body 17. In contrast to the previous embodiments, however, the outlet gap 16 points upwards, so that the foam supplied via the second pressure stage of the third pressure stage has to be conveyed upward via the toothed rollers 15. So foam application from bottom to top is possible here. It has been shown that the pressure applied by the floating body 17 to the foam is sufficient to continuously and completely supply the required material to the third pressure stage. The principle of the present invention can be applied to any spatial position of the outlet gap 16.

Durch die Erfindung ist es gelungen, für die Verfahrenstechnik beim Behandeln von Trägern in Warenbahnen aufgeschäumte Medien einsetzen zu können, ohne dass die eingangs erwähnten Probleme das Verfahren negativ beeinflussen. Durch die erfinderischen Massnahmen bei der Anordnung ergibt sich eine Verbesserung der Verfahrenstechnik, die um so grösser ist, je geringer die Schaumdichte bzw. je geringer die Stabilität des jeweils verwendeten Schaumes ist, weil es jetzt möglich ist, mit einer äusserst minimalen Schaumvorratsmenge zu arbeiten. Es sei nochmals betont, dass die Schäume geringer Dichte und jene mit geringer Fliessfähigkeit nach dem bisherigen Stand der Technik nicht zuverlässig exakt und in kleinsten Mengenbereichen manipulierbar und steuerbar waren. Dies wurde jetzt durch die Erfindung geändert. Nach dem bisherigen Stand der Technik mussten entweder Unsicherheitsfaktoren in bezug auf Zuverlässigkeit und Gleichmässigkeit oder kostspielige bzw. die Technologie erschwerende Substanzverluste in Kauf genommen werden. So war es notwendig, da bisher keine Breitenverteilung und Mengensteuerungen durchgeführt werden konnten, die Schaumzufuhr mit Überschuss durchzuführen, wobei man dann diese Überschussmengen vor Beginn von Verfallserscheinungen wieder abführen musste. Das erfindungsgemässe neue Verfahren vermeidet alle diese technischen und wirtschaftlichen Nachteile.The invention has made it possible to use foamed media for process engineering in the treatment of carriers in webs without the problems mentioned at the outset adversely affecting the process. The inventive measures in the arrangement result in an improvement in process technology, the greater the lower the foam density or the lower the stability of the foam used, because it is now possible to work with an extremely minimal amount of foam. It should be emphasized again that the foams of low density and those with low flowability according to the prior art were not reliably exact and could be manipulated and controlled in the smallest quantity ranges. This has now been changed by the invention. According to the current state of the art, either uncertainty factors with regard to reliability and uniformity or costly substance losses or those which aggravate the technology had to be accepted. So it was necessary, since it was previously not possible to distribute the width and control the quantities, to carry out the foam supply with excess, in which case these excess quantities had to be removed again before signs of deterioration began. The new method according to the invention avoids all these technical and economic disadvantages.

Wird das vorbeschriebene Verfahren bzw. die erfinderische Anordnung für die Verarbeitung von gut fliessfähigem Schaum bzw. von Flüssigkeiten eingesetzt, so kann der Schwimmkörper 17 auch entfallen, wobei dann die Steuerimpulse direkt vom Flüssigkeitsniveau abgenommen werden können.If the above-described method or the inventive arrangement is used for the processing of free-flowing foam or liquids, the floating body 17 can also be omitted, in which case the control impulses can be taken directly from the liquid level.

Claims (18)

1. Process for the application of media in the foamed condition or liquids to a carrier, especially to a material in web form of any desired width, possibly by means of a template or an intermediate carrier, characterised in that the medium or the liquid, in the desired condition for the application, is conducted by means of a first pressure stage to the application zone and there distributed over the width of the carrier or the cloth web, in that then with the medium distributed over the working width a slight pressure (second pressure stage) acting approximately uniformly over the whole working width is built up, with which the medium is fed to a third pressure stage, and in this third pressure stage the medium is set under pressure afresh and applied by means of this third pressure stage to the carrier or the cloth web.
2. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the pressure stages are adjustable independently of one another as regards the pressure.
3. Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the second pressure stage a pressure which at least corresponds to the intake suction of the third pressure stage is exerted upon the medium or the liquid.
4. Process according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the feed from the first pressure stage is controlled by the level of the width-distributed quantity of medium or liquid situated in the second pressure stage.
5. Process according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the pressure applied to the medium or liquid in the second pressure stage is adapted to the properties of the medium or liquid.
6. Arrangement for carrying out the process according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a preparation apparatus (1) for the medium or the liquid comprises a pressure generator (5) the output of which opens by way of a conduit (8) into a width-distribution chamber (9), and in that the width-distribution chamber (9) is connected with the entry into the third pressure stage, which again contains a pressure generator (15).
7. Arrangement for carrying out the process according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a reservoir (6) for the medium, which is in the desired condition, is connected through a pressure conduit (8) with a width-distribution chamber (9) and/or with a reserve chamber (13) (pressure stage 2) extending approximately over the whole working width, which is then adjoined by the third pressure stage which again contains a pressure generator (15).
8. Arrangement according to Claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the pressure stages comprise pressure-regulating or quantity-regulating devices and are connected through at least one control member to form a fully automatic working unit.
9. Arrangement according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the reserve chamber (13) (pressure stage 2) comprises a width-distribution device effecting its filling.
10. Arrangement according to Claim 9, characterised in that the exit of the width-distribution device is situated in the lower part of the reserve chamber (13) in the vicinity of the entry into the third pressure stage.
11. Arrangement according to one of Claims 6 to 10, characterised in that in the reserve chamber (13) there is provided a movable float (17) filling out the open part of the reserve chamber (13), which float is displaceable in the manner of a piston in the reserve chamber (13).
12. Arrangement according to Claim 11, characterised in that the weight of the float (17) is variable according to the properties of the medium or liquid. 13. Arrangement according to one of Claims 6 to 12, characterised in that the float (17) is connected with a device for applying a pressure.
14. Arrangement according to one of Claims 6 to 13, characterised in that devices (18) for determining the filling quantity are provided in the reserve chamber (pressure stage 2), which devices are connected with a control system for the first pressure stage.
15. Arrangement according to Claim 14, characterised in that the devices for determining the filling quantity or height level respond to the position of the float.
16. Arrangement according to one of Claims 6 to 15, characterised in that in the upper region at least one wall of the reserve chamber (13) comprises openings (20) for conducting away excess medium or excess liquid.
17. Arrangement according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the width-distribution device is provided by a filling chamber (9) parallel to the reserve chamber (13) and a hose connection piece (30) movable along this filling chamber.
18. Arrangement according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the filling chamber (9) and the reserve chamber (31) are arranged in L-form in relation to one another and the reserve chamber carries the third pressure stage (15) on the side remote from the filling chamber.
EP84105283A 1983-05-25 1984-05-10 Method and apparatus for coating sheet-like materials by foams or liquids Expired EP0141899B1 (en)

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AT1911/83A AT393464B (en) 1983-05-25 1983-05-25 DEVICE FOR APPLYING FOAMED OR HIGH-VISCOSE MEDIA
AT1911/83 1983-05-25

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EP0141899A3 EP0141899A3 (en) 1986-03-12
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AT393464B (en) 1991-10-25
EP0141899A3 (en) 1986-03-12
JPS59225768A (en) 1984-12-18
BR8402504A (en) 1985-04-02
ATE35704T1 (en) 1988-07-15
US4552778A (en) 1985-11-12
ATA191183A (en) 1984-08-15
EP0141899A2 (en) 1985-05-22

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