EP0140670A2 - Procédé de traitement de produits du tabac avec des agents d'aromatisation insolubles dans l'eau - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement de produits du tabac avec des agents d'aromatisation insolubles dans l'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0140670A2
EP0140670A2 EP84307270A EP84307270A EP0140670A2 EP 0140670 A2 EP0140670 A2 EP 0140670A2 EP 84307270 A EP84307270 A EP 84307270A EP 84307270 A EP84307270 A EP 84307270A EP 0140670 A2 EP0140670 A2 EP 0140670A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
flavorant
dispersion
aqueous
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84307270A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0140670A3 (fr
Inventor
William E. Crouse
Stephen S. Miller
Michael W. Connelly
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOEW'S THEATRES Inc
Loews Theatres Inc
Original Assignee
LOEW'S THEATRES Inc
Loews Theatres Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LOEW'S THEATRES Inc, Loews Theatres Inc filed Critical LOEW'S THEATRES Inc
Publication of EP0140670A2 publication Critical patent/EP0140670A2/fr
Publication of EP0140670A3 publication Critical patent/EP0140670A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/42—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic and inorganic substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for treating tobacco products with a water-insoluble or slightly water-soluble flavorant.
  • the tobacco products include both smoking tobacco and smokeless tobacco.
  • the invention relates to the treatment of tobacco with water-insoluble or slightly water-soluble flavorants, such as menthol for cigarettes and wintergreen for chewing tobacco, by the use of an aqueous dispersion technique and without the need for any volatile and flammable organic solvents.
  • Certain flavorant substances for tobacco have, heretofore, been applied to tobacco products by dissolving the flavorant in a suitable carrier solvent, such as alcohol.
  • a suitable carrier solvent such as alcohol.
  • the menthol crystals are dissolved in alcohol (ethanol) and, thereafter, are applied by spraying the menthol-alcohol solution onto cut tobacco as it is fed through a rotating .cylinder.
  • the treated tobacco is then placed in a controlled environment such that the alcohol will evaporate, leaving the menthol residue on the tobacco, and to maintain the tobacco in a usable condition.
  • the application of water-insoluble flavorants to smokeless or chewing tobacco has traditionally been an alcohol spray process and has comprised a multi-step technique.
  • a casing solution is boiled in a kettle. While some flavorants normally found in the casing solution are stable at the boiling temperatures b f the casing step, others and in particular wintergreen cannot withstand these relatively high processing temperatures and substantially flash-off.
  • Wintergreen flavor is commercially derived from natural wintergreen oil or methyl salicylate (artificial wintergreen flavorant) which are difficult to apply as they are extremely affected by the processing temperatures.
  • the heated casing solution is then applied by conventional techniques to tobacco.
  • the so-called "cased tobacco” is then dried to a desired moisture content.
  • the dried, cased tobacco is then subjected to a recasing step wherein a humectant, such as glycerine, is used to maintain moisture. Further sweeteners are added in the recasing step, such that a sweet taste remains on the tobacco surface for desirable initial, organoleptic properties.
  • a humectant such as glycerine
  • Further sweeteners are added in the recasing step, such that a sweet taste remains on the tobacco surface for desirable initial, organoleptic properties.
  • the flavorant is then imparted to tne recased tooacco oy spraying it witn a solution of the flavorant in alcohol. Where a relatively small volume of alcohol/flavorant solution is used to impart the desired level of flavoring, the flavorant is not uniformly dispersed in the wintergreen application step. It has then been necessary to bulk/blend the treated tobacco in order to achieve a commercially acceptable uniformity of flavoring throughout the tobacco.
  • Alcohol has a low flash point (13°C ) and, at concentrations as low as 3.3 percent by volume, it forms an explosive mixture in air that has been reported to auto-ignite. Measurements within the primary spray cylinder have revealed ethanol concentrations approaching 2% in normal and conventional flavorant spray processes,. In order to minimize the hazard, a number of precautionary measures have been taken in the use of solvent based systems, such as explosion proof electrical fixtures and controls, ventilation, extra hazard sprinkler protection, curbs and drains, etc., all of which necessitate considerable added expense.
  • the invention provides a simple process for depositing the water-insoluble or slightly water-soluble flavorants upon tobacco using aqueous dispersion techniques to produce smoking products which possess superior Q rganoleptic properties.
  • a process for treating tobacco with a water-insoluble or slightly water-soluble flavorant using an aqueous dispersion technique is characterised by:
  • the aqueous flavorant dispersion In order for the flavorant to be applied homogenously and uniformly to the tobacco, the aqueous flavorant dispersion must be maintained in a stable form throughout processing, and particularly as it is sprayed into a cylinder or other vessel containing the tobacco to be treated. This may be accomplished in a number of ways depending upon the physical state of the flavorants. For example, natural or artificial wintergreen oil as a liquid does not, of course, require any special technique for melting, whereas menthol crystals as solids do require liquefaction. In the preferred embodiment, a high speed mixer-emulsifier is used to create the dispersion at a temperature suitable to maintain the presence of liquefied flavorant. This temperature will vary for the solid flavorants.
  • the temperature for menthol crystals ranges from about 45-55°C.
  • the dispersion is in essence formed by the mechanical action of the high speed mixer-emulsifier and heat. It has been found in the most preferred embodiment that sufficient temperature increases may be generated by the heat of shearing developed by the mixer-emulsifier agitation itself to liquefy any solid flavorant to such an extent that a stable dispersion is maintained throughout processing, and particularly, during application to the tobacco to be treated.
  • a suitable solvent/stabilizer may be used to solubilize the flavorant, such as menthol, in the aqueous medium.
  • menthol is the desired flavor
  • propylene glycol is a suitable stabilizer and has been found to contribute favorably to the organol- ieptic characteristics of the product.
  • the solvent/stabilizer should be one that is not so volatile as to form an explosive mixture in air.
  • the means for applying the aqueous flavorant dispersion to the tobacco is typically a spray apparatus.
  • a spray nozzle or nozzles are attached with a supply of compressed air at a pressure of about 25 psi (172 kN/m 2 ) to a tobacco processing tumbler or rotating cylinder.
  • Suitable flavorants which are insoluble or only slightly soluble in water, include menthol, anethol, cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, heliotropin, menthone, methyl salicylate, gamma-undecalactone and vanillin.
  • the process in accordance with the invention completely eliminates the prior costly use of ethanol in the application of water-insoluble flavorants to tobacco while still imparting excellent organoleptic properties in a homegeneous and uniform way. Moreover, at least for smoking tobacco, the use of continuous agitation eliminates the need for chemical emulsifiers which may impart off flavors to the tobacco.
  • the invention in its preferred embodiments is described first as a process for imparting a menthol flavor to tobacco, preferably cigarette tobacco and, second, as a process for imparting a wintergreen flavor to unrecased tobacco in the manufacture of a smokeless tobacco product.
  • the first preferred embodiment of the invention relates to the application of a menthol composition derived from both natural and synthetic sources to cigarette tobacco.
  • Menthol is obtained from either peppermint oil or other mint oils or may be prepared synthetically by hydrogenation of thymol.
  • the menthol obtained from natural sources is generally purified by freeze recrystallization from solutions of the crude product. Crude natural menthol crystals, which are generally obtained in Brazil, Taiwan or Japan, such as Brazilian Arvensis menthol crystals, normally give a cooling sensation in the mouth of the user of the product incorporating the menthol; however, the cooling effect carries with it the medicinal taste of menthol.
  • tne level or mentnoi on tobacco in conventional mentholated cigarettes is from about 0.2 to 0.5% by weight of the tobacco.
  • This level may be achieved by the present invention during a single application or spray of the aqueous menthol dispersion to the tobacco to be treated.
  • the weight proportion of menthol in the dispersion may range from about 5 to 40 percent and is predetermined so as to correspond to the final weight percent of flavorant desired in the end product.
  • a primary concern is that the proper level of menthol should be applied to the tobacco not only homogeneously, but also on a reasonably uniform basis throughout a given amount of tobacco being treated either as a batch or on a continuous basis.
  • a contact time of tobacco and aqueous menthol dispersion (about 5 to 40 percent menthol) of about 0.5 to 4 hours, preferably about 2 to 4 hours, which is normally accomplished in a suitable covered holding container.
  • a suitable container 12 is mounted and connected at its exit end 13 to the spray nozzle 14 of a spray compressor 15 via a valve 16.
  • the mixer head 18 of a high speed mixer-emulsifier unit 20 is positioned within the container 12 to promote optimum emulsification.
  • a predetermined amount of water is added to the container 12, mixer unit 20 is started, and a predetermined amount of menthol is slowly added.
  • a continuous on-line process such as that shown in Fig. 1, water at a desired and predetermined rate is transferred from holding tank 22 to the container 12 and the mixer unit 20 is started.
  • the mixer speed is set at about 3000 to 5000 rpm. Menthol crystals from tank 24 are added slowly to the agitated water until a homogeneous dispersion at a predetermined weight proportion is obtained and, thereafter, maintained by a constant feed from tanks 22 and 24 at the desired proportions of menthol to water. However, even on a continuous run it may be more practical to prepare the menthol/water dispersion batchwise while spraying it onto a continuous tobacco flow.
  • the system may be supplementally heated, if necessary, to a temperature between 45 and 55°C to ensure complete liquefaction of the menthol crystals.
  • the rates of flow of the dispersion and the tobacco into the spray cylinder 10 are regulated and monitored by process control device 25.
  • the spray cylinder 10 is rotated at about 10 to 12 rpm during spray treatment.
  • Bin 26 is positioned at the head of the cylinder 10 adjacent to the spray apparatus.
  • the tobacco is tumbled under the spray for about 1 to 5 minutes.
  • the treated tobacco tumbles within the cylinder 10 at a predetermined rate and is continuously collected in the bin 28 at the opposite end of the spray cylinder.
  • the tobacco collected in bin 28 may be continuously carried off for further processing, treatment, or storage via conveyor 29.
  • the container 12 is fed continuously with predetermined amounts of water and menthol crystals regulated by process control device 13 to achieve and maintain the desired level of flavorant on the tobacco and such that the process may be conducted on a continuous on-line basis.
  • the crystalline menthol is slowly added to the water while stirring and the rate of agitation and any optimal heating element (not shown) is adjusted so as to maintain a dispersion temperature of 45-55°C.
  • the invention is used to impart a wintergreen flavor to smokeless tobacco.
  • the flavorant is natural wintergreen oil or methyl salicylate (artificial wintergreen flavorant) which is water insoluble.
  • the flavorant is satisfactorily incorporated into the recasing step, thereby reducing the number of processing steps as well as eliminating the need for any final bulk/blending as presently required in alcohol based processes.
  • the level of wintergreen flavorant on conventional smokeless tobacco generally ranges from about .20 to 1.75 percent by weight of the >tobacco, depending upon the type of tobacco employed and consumer preference. This level may be achieved by the present invention in a continuous process during a single application or spraying of the aqueous wintergreen dispersion to the tobacco to be treated.
  • the weight proportion of wintergreen in the dispersion may range from about 5 to 40 percent and is predetermined so as to achieve the desired final weight percent of flavorant in the end product.
  • the contact time of the tobacco and the aqueous dispersion is closely regulated.
  • the contact time of tobacco and aqueous dispersion is about 1 to 10 minutes, preferably about 2 to 5 minutes, which is normally accomplished in a suitable covered holding container.
  • a conventional recasing container 50 is filtted witn a nign speed mixer-emulsifier 52 such that the emulsifier head 54 is positioned within the container 50 to promote optimum emulsification or dispersion.
  • the flavorant-recasing composition comprises water, methyl salicylate and glycerine in such proportions as to impart the desired concentration of methyl salicylate and glycerine to the tobacco to be treated.
  • methyl salicylate and about 9.0 gms. of glycerine are required to create a dispersion which results in the homogeneous and uniform application of about .35 to .45% flavorant by weight of the tobacco product.
  • about 1.8 gms.-2.72 gms. of wintergreen must be dispersed within about 4 to 5 ml. of water for each pound (453 g) of tobacco
  • the container 50 may be initially supplied with a specified quantity of the aqueous flavorant and recasing ingredients to treat a certain batch of tobacco, or it may be continuously supplied with the recasing ingredients including the flavorant in the desired proportions for an on-line continuous process.
  • Container 50 is connected via valve 58 to pump 56 which in turn connects to the spray nozzle or nozzles 60 for application of the aqueous flavorant-recasing dispersion to the tobacco as it is fed into and tumbled in spray cylinder 62.
  • Unrecased tobacco i.e.
  • Process control device 70 together with flow scale 66 and flow meter 68 are used to monitor the amount of flavorant applied to the unrecased tobacco to be treated.
  • water, glycerine, methyl salicylate and any other desired recasing ingredients in specified proportions are supplied to container 50 wherein the mixture is agitated to form a homogeneous and stable aqueous dispersion.
  • valve 58 is opened to enable the dispersion to flow via pump 56 and monitored by meter 68 and process control device 70 to the spray nozzle 60 for application to the unrecased tobacco as it is fed into spray cylinder 62.
  • unrecased tobacco from tank 64 is fed via flow scale 66 to the cylinder 62 for treatment.
  • the flow scale 66 monitors the flow rate of the unrecased tobacco and generates a signal which is delivered to the process control device 70.
  • the flow scale signal is multiplied by a predetermined constant in the ratio controller of the process control device 70 which is related to the amount of flavorant 5and recasing desired in the end product.
  • the multiplied signal becomes the set point for control device 70.
  • the flow meter 68 monitors the flow rate of the recasing-flavorant dispersion while the flow scale 66 monitors the flow of unrecased tobacco.
  • the resulting signal is compared to the set point signal, such that process control device 70 regulates the flow speed through pump 56 such that the proper quantity of recasing-flavorant dispersion is fed to spray nozzle 60 in relation to the quantity of unrecased tobacco monitored by flow scale 66, all to achieve the desired end product characteristics.
  • the glycerine ingredient in the recasing composition acts as an emulsifying agent to promote the formation of a uniform aqueous flavorant/recasing dispersion, as well as a humectant to ensure proper moisture retention in the final product.
  • Hydrogenated glucose syrups and sorbitol have also been found to be useful emulsifying agents.
  • all suitable emulsifying agents and humectants are contemplated, as well as all other additives as may be desired and as are well-known in the art.
  • menthol crystals were a fifty-fifty blend of Brazilian natural and a synthetic variety.
  • the spray cylinder was initially conditioned by spraying 15 lbs (6.8 kg) of scrap tobacco with 100 ml of menthol dispersion formulated at a .35% target concentration. The scrap was removed and the first batch of 50 lbs (22.6 kg) of tobacco blend (Example lA) was processed for a .385% menthol target concentration. To achieve the .385% target concentration, 87.5 grams of aenthol were added to 252 ml of water.
  • the high speed emulsifier Ross Mixer Corporation
  • the dispersion was applied at a spray pressure setting of 20 psi (138 kN/m 2 ) which corresponds to a rate of 3.5 ml per second, and the bulking operation was carried out for 4 hours.
  • the spray cylinder was rotated at a rate of 12 rpm.
  • the samples were placed in a storage bin and covered with a tarp so as to prevent menthol loss.
  • the mentholated tobaccos were stored in a conditioning room at 55% relative humidity and 75° F (23.9°C).
  • the cigarettes were stored for approximately 2 weeks in the conditioning room prior to a test panel evaluation comparing them with a control batch of commercial blend mentholated cigarette tobacco.
  • the control cigarettes had been produced from a 6000 lb (2718 kg) batch of tobacco that had been mentholated by conventional techniques with 21 lbs (9.5 kg) of menthol dissolved in 8 gallons (30.2 1) of ethanol.
  • the cigarettes prepared at the target level of 0.35% were paneled against the ethanol applied control and were found to compare favorably.
  • a 1000 pound (453 kg) batch of cased and dried smokeless tobacco is treated with 37 pounds (16.8 kg) of an aqueous methyl salicylate, glycerin, water, and sweetener dispersion on a continuous flow system similar to that illustrated and described in Figure II of the drawing.
  • an aqueous methyl salicylate, glycerin, water, and sweetener dispersion on a continuous flow system similar to that illustrated and described in Figure II of the drawing.
  • 20 pounds (9.1 kg) of glycerin, 10 pounds (4.5 kg) of water, 1 pound (453 g) of sweetener, and 6 pounds (2.7 kg) of methyl salicylate are sprayed on 1000 pounds (453 kg) of cased and dried tobacco.
  • the high speed emulsifier (Ross Mixer Corporation) is set at 3500 rpm and mixed for approximately five minutes to achieve a uniform aqueous dispersion. Based on a tobacco flow rate of 100 pounds (45.3 kg.) per minute a constant flow of flavorant recasing solution is pumped (approximately 100 psi (689 kN/m 2 ) and sprayed at a rate of 3.7 pounds (1.68 kg.) per minute. The tobacco is filled into storage containers and covered with a tight fitting cover so as to prevent methyl salicylate and moisture loss.
  • Example 2 Based on analytical results using a sample prepared essentially by the process of Example 2, the invention material was found to be of equal uniformity coming out of the spray cylinder when compared to the flavorant-alcohol control after bulk-blending. Organoleptic tests indicated that the aqueous dispersion process of the invention yielded a final product equal to the control.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
EP84307270A 1983-10-26 1984-10-22 Procédé de traitement de produits du tabac avec des agents d'aromatisation insolubles dans l'eau Withdrawn EP0140670A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US54543683A 1983-10-26 1983-10-26
US545436 1983-10-26

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EP0140670A2 true EP0140670A2 (fr) 1985-05-08
EP0140670A3 EP0140670A3 (fr) 1987-01-14

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EP84307270A Withdrawn EP0140670A3 (fr) 1983-10-26 1984-10-22 Procédé de traitement de produits du tabac avec des agents d'aromatisation insolubles dans l'eau

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005041699A2 (fr) * 2003-11-03 2005-05-12 U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company Tabac sans fumee aromatise et procedes de fabrication de ce tabac
US20110048438A1 (en) * 2009-08-31 2011-03-03 Rodney Masri Tea based smoking product
CN102488323A (zh) * 2011-12-13 2012-06-13 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司 烟草净油乳化制剂及其在烟叶上的应用
WO2013072013A1 (fr) * 2011-11-14 2013-05-23 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) Dispositif destiné à introduire des arômes dans un milieu
EP2647299A4 (fr) * 2011-03-29 2015-06-10 Japan Tobacco Inc Produit de tabac de type à aspiration mais sans combustion

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1537931A (fr) * 1966-07-20 1968-08-30 Japan Monopoly Corp Procédé de fabrication de tabac en feuilles à faible teneur en nicotine

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1537931A (fr) * 1966-07-20 1968-08-30 Japan Monopoly Corp Procédé de fabrication de tabac en feuilles à faible teneur en nicotine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
J.C. LEFFINGWELL et al.: "Tobacco flavoring for smoking products", 1972, page 63, R.J. REYNOLDS TOBACCO CO., Winston-Salem, North Carolina, US; *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005041699A2 (fr) * 2003-11-03 2005-05-12 U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company Tabac sans fumee aromatise et procedes de fabrication de ce tabac
WO2005041699A3 (fr) * 2003-11-03 2005-06-30 Us Smokeless Tobacco Co Tabac sans fumee aromatise et procedes de fabrication de ce tabac
US7901512B2 (en) 2003-11-03 2011-03-08 U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company Flavored smokeless tobacco and methods of making
US20110048438A1 (en) * 2009-08-31 2011-03-03 Rodney Masri Tea based smoking product
US9022041B2 (en) * 2009-08-31 2015-05-05 Rodney Masri Tea based smoking product
EP2647299A4 (fr) * 2011-03-29 2015-06-10 Japan Tobacco Inc Produit de tabac de type à aspiration mais sans combustion
WO2013072013A1 (fr) * 2011-11-14 2013-05-23 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) Dispositif destiné à introduire des arômes dans un milieu
JP2014534065A (ja) * 2011-11-14 2014-12-18 フォッケ・ウント・コンパニー（ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・べシュレンクテル・ハフツング・ウント・コンパニー・コマンデイトゲゼルシャフト） 媒体に香味料を塗布するための装置
US20150000592A1 (en) * 2011-11-14 2015-01-01 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) Device for applying flavorings to a medium
CN102488323A (zh) * 2011-12-13 2012-06-13 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司 烟草净油乳化制剂及其在烟叶上的应用

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