EP0139577B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung eines dynamischen Trockners - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung eines dynamischen Trockners Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0139577B1
EP0139577B1 EP19840401978 EP84401978A EP0139577B1 EP 0139577 B1 EP0139577 B1 EP 0139577B1 EP 19840401978 EP19840401978 EP 19840401978 EP 84401978 A EP84401978 A EP 84401978A EP 0139577 B1 EP0139577 B1 EP 0139577B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drier
ratio
differences
temperature
fluid
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Expired
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EP19840401978
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0139577A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Perrin
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CENTRE TECHNIQUE INDUSTRIEL DIT: INSTITUT TEXTILE
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Institut Textile de France
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
    • F26B13/12—Controlling movement, tension or position of material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the drying of a material traveling continuously through an enclosure supplied with a hot fluid, which will be called hereinafter dynamic dryer. It relates more particularly to the regulation of the speed of travel of the material as a function of the dry state in which it is found. It applies to any material, in particular to textile materials in the form of fabric.
  • Dynamic dryers must transform an incoming material in the wet state into an outgoing material at a humidity rate which is as close as possible to the rate of natural recovery of said material; in fact, it is useless to bring the material to a state of dryness that is too far advanced in so far as on storage the material will find a certain level of humidity which is its rate of recovery.
  • dynamic dryers consume a lot of energy; it is therefore important to optimize the operating parameters of the dryer to minimize the amount of energy consumed, taking into account the material to be treated: this is the purpose of regulation.
  • the known method bases the regulation on the single measurement of the temperature of the heat transfer fluid after contact with the material to be dried and its comparison with a theoretical temperature determined beforehand. This determination is in fact very difficult and the errors with which it can be vitiated have repercussions on the regulation process and distort its conduct.
  • the present invention aims to overcome this drawback.
  • the proportionality constant is a function of the situation of the two locations given inside the dryer.
  • one of the locations will be in the first half of the dryer, while the other will be near the outlet of the dryer.
  • the speed of movement of the material is reduced when the ratio between the two temperature differences is substantially greater than the predetermined constant value, and the speed of movement in the opposite case is increased.
  • series of readings are made and the speed of movement of the dryer is varied correspondingly, in accordance with the method of the invention, respecting sufficient time intervals for the drying equilibrium to be reached. For example, to make a new reading, we wait until all the material that is present in the dryer during the previous reading has come out.
  • the notion of location must be taken in a broad sense.
  • the reading in question may be the average value of several measurements made at relatively close points of the same location; this allows only real variations in temperature to be taken into account, and not instantaneous variations due to a localized disturbance in the operation of the dryer.
  • This device is characterized in that it comprises two sets of means, placed in two given locations of the dryer, for measuring the two differences between on the one hand the temperatures of the heat-transfer fluid before it comes into contact with the material at the two locations and, on the other hand, the temperatures after it has come into contact with the material at the two locations, means for calculating the ratio between the two temperature differences thus measured, for comparing said ratio with a predetermined value, and to decrease the speed of movement of the dryer if the calculated ratio is significantly greater than the predetermined value and to increase it otherwise.
  • the means for measuring, at each given location, the difference in the temperatures of the heat-transfer fluid consist of two thermocouples placed one in the immediate vicinity of the material to be dried which preferentially measures the temperature of the fluid after it has come into contact with the material, and the other closer to the fluid supply which preferentially measures the temperature of the fluid before it comes into contact with the material. He can also they are several sets of two thermocouples of the same type, said sets being located in the same location of the dryer but at different points so as to attenuate the localized and instantaneous temperature variations.
  • the means for calculating the ratio between the two temperature differences thus measured, for comparing it with the predetermined value and for varying the speed of the dryer consist of a computer, programmed to perform these operations and to activate the scrolling motor mechanisms of the material in the dryer in the case where the calculated ratio differs significantly from the predetermined value.
  • the computer is programmed to first calculate the average value of the measured temperature differences, and it is this average value which is used as the basis for calculating the aforementioned ratio.
  • the motor devices when actuated by the computer, vary the running speed of the material to be dried so that the new speed (V n ) is also at: where V n-1 is the previous speed, DS is equal to the difference between C.AT A and ⁇ T B where C is the predetermined value of the ratio between the differences in temperature, for the two locations and the given material.
  • N is a constant, which is preferably chosen between 0.05 and 0.1, depending on the desired regulation sensitivity.
  • FIG. 1 represents the evolution curve of the AT as a function of the place occupied by the fabric in the train.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the train.
  • the drying rack 1 known under the brand name “Compactair”, is composed of three drying compartments 2, 3 and 4, in which the heat transfer fluid is hot air produced in a gas combustion chamber (not shown).
  • the hot air is sent to the fabric 5 which runs horizontally in the train at a temperature of the order of 100 to 200 ° C; on contact with hot air, the water contained in the fabric evaporates and charges the air which is thereby cooled and which is extracted from the train.
  • a first set of two thermocouples 6 and 7 is placed on a first location A in the first compartment 2, near the outlet of this first compartment.
  • a second set of two thermocouples 8 and 9 is placed in a second location B in the last compartment 4 between the middle and the outlet of said compartment.
  • thermocouples 6 and 8 are placed in the immediate vicinity of the fabric and preferentially measure the temperatures of the air after it has struck the fabric; thermocouples 7 and 9 are closer to the hot air supply and preferentially measure the temperatures of the air before it hits the fabric.
  • Each of the two sets of two thermocouples is connected to the computer 10, which is itself connected to the motor means 11 for moving the fabric 5 through the train 1.
  • thermocouples 6 and 7 For a cotton fabric of 250 g / m 2 , it has been determined that, for the fabric to come out of the oar at its natural recovery rate which is 7.8%, the ratio between the difference in measured temperatures must be by thermocouples 6 and 7 and that of the temperatures measured by thermocouples 8 and 9 is equal to 0.6.
  • thermocouples perform a temperature measurement and transmit the information to the computer 10, which performs the following calculations: either T ⁇ , T 7 , T 8 and Tg the temperatures recorded by the thermocouples 6 respectively , 7, 8 and 9, the computer first calculates the temperature difference AT A at location A which is equal to (T7-T6) and the temperature difference ATB at location B which is equal to (Tg -T 8 ). The computer then calculates the ratio AT B / AT A and compares this ratio with the predetermined value 0.6. The ratio ⁇ T B / ⁇ T A must be kept approximately constant and equal to 0.6.
  • the speed variation is fixed according to the difference observed, by the following equation: in which V n is the new speed set by the computer, V n - 1 is the previous speed and DS is equal to the difference between 0.6 ⁇ T A and ⁇ T B. Sufficient time must of course pass between two series of measurements for the new speed to be established, the drying conditions to stabilize; also the following measurements are only performed once where L is the length of the oar, so that the fabric present in the oar at time t o is completely out at time t i .
  • the computer 10 would have automatically triggered an acceleration of the driving means 11, so that the quantity of water to evaporate for the same increasing hot air flow, the AB / AT A ratio tends to return to the determined value 0.6. If, on the other hand, the AT B / AT A ratio had had a value in the range of 0.56 to 0.64, the computer would not have triggered any variation in the speed of movement of the fabric and would have waited for time t 1 perform a new series of measurements.
  • the constant proportionality ratio is a function of the locations of the dryer where the temperature measurements are made and also of the material to be dried. Once the locations are determined, it is up to the person skilled in the art to determine once and for all using a few experimental measurements the value of this ratio corresponding to the material which he wants to treat, and to introduce this value in the calculator next to the reference of the material in question.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Verfahren zum Regeln eines dynamischen Trockners auf der Grundlage von Temperaturmessungen eines Kühlfluids, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nahe dem Material (5), das an zwei vorgegebenen Orten (A, B) des Trockners vorbeiläuft, die beiden Differenzen (ATA, △TB) zwischen den Temperaturen (T7, Tg) des Kühlfluids einerseits, bevor es mit dem Material (5) an den beiden Orten in Berührung kommt und andererseits die Temperaturen (T6, Tε) misst, nachdem das Kühlfluid mit dem Material (5) an zwei Orten in Kontakt getreten ist, und dadurch, dass die Vorbeilaufgeschwindigkeit des Materials (5) im Trockner derart geändert wird, dass das Verhältnis (ATB/ATA) zwischen den beiden auf diese Weise ermittelten Differenzen näherungsweise konstant gleich einem vorbestimmten Wert (C) gehalten wird.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorbeilaufgeschwindigkeit nur dann geändert wird, wenn das Verhältnis (ATB/ ATA) der ermittelten Differenzen aus einem Bereich um den vorbestimmten Wert (C) austritt.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorbeilaufgeschwindigkeit verringert wird, wenn das Verhältnis (ATB/ATA) der ermittelten Differenzen grösser als ein oberer Wert des Bereiches ist und dass die Vorbeilaufgeschwindigkeit erhöht wird, wenn das Verhältnis der ermittelten Differenzen (△TB/△TA) einen Wert annimmt, der unterhalb des Bereiches liegt.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorbeilaufgeschwindigkeit um einen Wert
Figure imgb0005
variiert wird, wobei Vn die neue Geschwindigkeit ist, Vn-1 die vorhergehende Geschwindigkeit, N eine Konstante und DS die Differenz zwischen C x TA und TB bezeichnet.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Konstante N einen Wert zwischen 0,05 und 0,1 hat.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden vorgegebenen Orte (A, B) des Trockners, wo die Temperaturdifferenzen ermittelt werden, sich einerseits (A) in der ersten Hälfte des Trockners und andererseits (B) in der Nähe des Ausgangs des Trockners befinden.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden aufeinanderfolgenden Temperaturmessungen durch einen Zeitraum beabstandet sind, der hinreichend gross ist, so dass das gesamte im Trockner sich befindende Material den Trockner vor der folgenden Messung verlassen hat.
8. Vorrichtung zur Regelung eines dynamischen Trockners zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 mit Organen zur Messung der Temperatur eines Kühlfluids, gekennzeichnet durch zwei Gruppen von Mitteln (6, 7 und 8, 9), die an zwei vorgegebenen Orten (A, B) des Trockners (1) angeordnet sind, um die beiden Differenzen (ATA/ △TB) zwischen einerseits den Temperaturen (T7, T9) des Kühlfluids, bevor dieses in Kontakt mit dem Material an den beiden Orten getreten ist und andererseits den Temperaturen (Ts, T8) zu messen, nachdem das Kühlfluid mit dem Material (5) an den beiden Orten in Kontakt getreten ist, durch Mittel (10) zum Berechnen des Verhältnisses (ATB/ ATA) zwischen den beiden so gemessenen Temperaturdifferenzen, um das Verhältnis mit einem vorbestimmten Wert (C) zu vergleichen und um die Defiliergeschwindigkeit des Trockners zu verringern, wenn das berechnete Verhältnis grösser als der vorbestimmte Wert (C) ist und um die Geschwindigkeit im umgekehrten Fall zu erhöhen.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel (6, 7; 8,9) zum Messen der Temperaturdifferenzen (△TA, △TB) an den beiden vorbestimmten Orten (A, B) aus zwei Thermoelementen (6, 7; 8, 9) bestehen, wovon eines (6; 8) in der unmittelbaren Nähe des zu trocknenden Materials (5) angeordnet ist und vorzugsweise die Temperatur des Fluids misst, nachdem es in Kontakt mit der Materje (5) getreten ist und das andere (7; 9) näher zur Fluidspeisung angeordnet ist, und vorzugsweise die Temperatur des Fluids misst, bevor es mit dem Material (5) in Kontakt getreten ist.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel (10) zum Berechnen des Verhältnisses zwischen den beiden Temperaturdifferenzen (ATB/ATA), zum Vergleichen des Verhältnisses mit einem vorbestimmten Wert und zum Ändern der Defiliergeschwindigkeit des Trockners aus einem programmierten Rechner bestehen, der diese Rechenoperation durchführt und zum Betätigen eines Antriebsmechanismus (11) für das Bewegen des Materials im Trockner in dem Fall, in dem das berechnete Verhältnis (ATB/ATA) sich wesentlich von dem vorbestimmten Wert (C) unterscheidet.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rechner (10) den Antriebsmechanismus (11) nur dann betätigt, wenn das berechnete Verhältnis (△TB/△TA) sich ausserhalb eines vorgegebenen Bereichs um den vorbestimmten Wert befindet, derart, dass die Defiliergeschwindigkeit des Materials abnimmt, wenn das Verhältnis ATB/ATA sich oberhalb des oberen Grenzwertes des Bereiches befindet und die Geschwindigkeit erhöht wird, wenn das Verhältnis ATB/ATA sich oberhalb des oberen Grenzwertes des Bereiches befindet und die Geschwindigkeit erhöht wird, wenn das Verhältnis △TB/△TA unter den untersten Wert dieses Bereiches sinkt.
EP19840401978 1983-10-07 1984-10-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung eines dynamischen Trockners Expired EP0139577B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8316037A FR2553185B1 (fr) 1983-10-07 1983-10-07 Procede et dispositif de regulation d'un sechoir dynamique
FR8316037 1983-10-07

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EP0139577A1 EP0139577A1 (de) 1985-05-02
EP0139577B1 true EP0139577B1 (de) 1988-01-27

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ES2041564B1 (es) * 1991-07-23 1995-05-01 Girbau Sa Maquina planchadora.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3259995A (en) * 1964-02-03 1966-07-12 Proctor & Schwartz Inc Moving material drying method and apparatus
US3337965A (en) * 1965-07-12 1967-08-29 Ashland Oil Inc Temperature control system for rotary dryers
CH459126A (de) * 1966-11-11 1968-07-15 Mahlo Heinz Dr Ing Einrichtung mit einem Durchlauftrockner
DE2721965C2 (de) * 1977-05-14 1986-09-11 Babcock-BSH AG vormals Büttner-Schilde-Haas AG, 4150 Krefeld Verfahren zur Überwachung und Steuerung der Trocknung von Furnierblättern im Durchlaufverfahren

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FR2553185A1 (fr) 1985-04-12
EP0139577A1 (de) 1985-05-02
DE3469055D1 (en) 1988-03-03
FR2553185B1 (fr) 1986-01-03

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