EP0135362B1 - Détecteurs de fumée par voie optique - Google Patents

Détecteurs de fumée par voie optique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0135362B1
EP0135362B1 EP84305514A EP84305514A EP0135362B1 EP 0135362 B1 EP0135362 B1 EP 0135362B1 EP 84305514 A EP84305514 A EP 84305514A EP 84305514 A EP84305514 A EP 84305514A EP 0135362 B1 EP0135362 B1 EP 0135362B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sampling chamber
light
window
reflector means
reflector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84305514A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0135362A3 (en
EP0135362A2 (fr
Inventor
Martin Terence Cole
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
COLE, MARTIN TERENCE
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU31843/84A external-priority patent/AU577538B2/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT84305514T priority Critical patent/ATE51963T1/de
Publication of EP0135362A2 publication Critical patent/EP0135362A2/fr
Publication of EP0135362A3 publication Critical patent/EP0135362A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0135362B1 publication Critical patent/EP0135362B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an optical smoke detector of extremely high sensitivity.
  • a similar detector is disclosed in my European Patent Application EP-A-140 502 with the same priority date as the present application.
  • the present invention is particularly adapted for use with an axial-light absorber as described in my European Application EP-A-135 361, also having the same priority date, and can utilise a sampling chamber as disclosed in my European Application EP-A-140 502.
  • optical smoke detectors it is necessary to provide a light source of low capacity to irradiate any smoke particles that are drawn into the sampling chamber.
  • Reduction in energy input lengthens the operational life of the light tube and serves to decrease current drain from a standby battery required to maintain operation in the event of mains failure. Reduction in current drain either increases the life of the battery or reduces the capacity requirement and therefore the cost of the standby battery.
  • the present invention is directed at allowing the use of low energy consumption light sources to provide the aforementioned advantage.
  • light sources such as Xenon flash tubes
  • the instant invention has as an object the provision of a smoke detector which is able to use such elongate light sources, by including suitable reflecting means to usefully focus the light energy produced.
  • U.S. Patent No. 2,812,686 discloses a pollution detector. It, however, relies on a substantially point-source light source, and uses lenses rather than a specially configured reflector as in the instant invention.
  • French Patent No. FR-A-2348502 discloses various reflectors for light sources. It does not teach the application of these light sources to pollution detection apparatus. It further does not reach the use in a pollution detector of an elongate light source, nor a reflector having a corresponding configuration to an elongate light source.
  • the present invention provides smoke detecting apparatus comprising:
  • the reflector means is supported by means comprising a mounting base and peripheral flanges for mounting said reflector means in sealed relation on said sampling chamber.
  • the window in the sampling chamber may be an open window to enable circulation of the atmosphere in the sampling chamber within the reflector body when in operation.
  • the reflector body 60 includes a concave U-shaped reflector element 61 designed to focus light impinging thereon from each infinitesimal cross-sectional element of a U-shaped Xenon flash tube into a central region 72 of air sampling chamber 70.
  • the body 60 is attached to a flat surface of the chamber 70 by sealing flanges 60a and 60b.
  • the flat surface 71 of chamber 70 enables simplified sealing and allows the use of an open window 74 for transmission of light into the chamber.
  • the open window allows for circulation of air around the flash tube 62 thereby preventing the build up of potentially damaging ozone in the device.
  • the light window 74 may be sealed by clear glass or plastic (not shown) to seal the reflector chamber, whereby the reflector chamber 60 can be filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen.
  • an inert gas such as nitrogen.
  • a flash tube of quartz glass which prevents the formation of potentially corrosive ozone, can be used.
  • an inert gas is costly whereas the latter alternative prevents detection of scattered ultra-violet light, thereby altering the calibration of the sampling tube in respect of certain products of combustion.
  • the reflector 60 is provided with a mounting base 63 which is preferably in the form of a printed circuit board serving as a mounting for the electrode leads of the flash tube 62. Sealing of the circuit board base 63 to the reflector body 60 by sealing flange 60c and sealing of the flanges 60a and 60b to the side of the sampling tube 71 is preferably achieved by a silicone rubber glue. This allows operation of the chamber at other than atmospheric pressure.
  • the size of the window aperture 74 and the spacing between the light tube 62 and the window together with the focal distance of the concave curved reflector are each optimized to maximize light intensity within the sampling chamber without unduly increasing spurious or stray incident light reflected off the internal walls of the sampling chamber.
  • the curvature of the reflecting element is developed to follow the "U" shape of the flash tube such that the light output from the whole length of the tube is focused through the flash window into the centre of the sampling chamber.
  • the use of the present invention directly results in a reduction of energy consumption of the lamp by a factor of 2 and without any loss of sensitivity in the detector.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Dispositif de détection de fumée, comprenant:
a) des moyens formant une chambre d'échantillonnage (70);
b) des orifices d'entrée et de sortie espacés l'un de l'autre pour permettre l'écoulement d'un gaz à échantilloner à travers ladite chambre d'échantillonnage (70);
c) une fenêtre (74) ménagée dans ladite chambre d'échantillonnage (70) entre lesdits orifices;
d) une source de lumière (62) située à l'extérieur de ladite chambre d'échantillonnage (70) et adjacente à ladite fenêtre (64) de manière à admettre dans ladite chambre d'échantillonnage (70) une première partie de la lumière émise par ladite source (62); et
e) des moyens formant réflecteur (60);
caractérisé en ce que ladite source de lumière (62) comporte un tube éclair à xénon en forme de U;
lesdits moyens formant réflecteur (60) sont supportés au voisinage de ladite source de lumière de manière à réfléchir en direction de l'intérieur de ladite chambre d'échantillonnage (70) une autre partie de la lumière émise par ladite source; et
lesdits moyens formant réflecteur (60) incluent une partie concave en forme de U agencée de manière à focaliser la lumière issue dudit tube éclair (62) tombant sur lesdits moyens, dans une région centrale (72) de ladite chambre d'échantillonnage (70).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdits moyens formant réflecteur (62) sont supportés par des moyens comportant une base de montage (63) et des brides périphériques (60a, 60b, 60c) servant à monter d'une manière étanche lesdits moyens formant réflecteur (62) sur ladite chambre d'échantillonnage (70).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la fenêtre (74) de passage de la lumière est une fenêtre ouverte permettant à l'atmosphère située dans la chambre d'échantillonnage (70) de circuler à l'intérieur des moyens formant réflecteur (60), lors du fonctionnement.
EP84305514A 1983-08-12 1984-08-13 Détecteurs de fumée par voie optique Expired - Lifetime EP0135362B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84305514T ATE51963T1 (de) 1983-08-12 1984-08-13 Optische rauchdetektoren.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPG082283 1983-08-12
AU822/83 1983-08-12
AU31843/84A AU577538B2 (en) 1983-08-12 1984-08-10 Optical smoke detectors

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0135362A2 EP0135362A2 (fr) 1985-03-27
EP0135362A3 EP0135362A3 (en) 1986-06-25
EP0135362B1 true EP0135362B1 (fr) 1990-04-11

Family

ID=25621949

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84305514A Expired - Lifetime EP0135362B1 (fr) 1983-08-12 1984-08-13 Détecteurs de fumée par voie optique

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0135362B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0462278A4 (en) * 1990-01-05 1993-03-03 Sredneaziatsky Nauchno-Issledovatelsky I Proektny Institut Tsvetnoi Mettallurgii Device for measuring gas optical density

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2812686A (en) * 1953-12-22 1957-11-12 Johns Manville Smoke photometer
DE1797079C3 (de) * 1968-08-12 1981-05-14 Olympus Optical Co., Ltd., Tokyo Mit einer photographischer Kamera verbindbares Blitzlichtgerät
SE393864B (sv) * 1975-12-01 1977-06-20 Svenska Traeforskningsinst Forfarande for koncentrationsbestemning
FR2348502A1 (fr) * 1976-04-15 1977-11-10 Luderitz Willy Reflecteur trifocal a miroirs
DE2624977A1 (de) * 1976-06-03 1977-12-08 Rumpf Hans Prof Dr Ing Streulichtmesseinrichtung zur ermittlung von partikelgroessenverteilungen und partikelstromdichten disperser phasen in stroemungen
DE3112816A1 (de) * 1981-03-31 1982-10-14 Gebr. Kaiser Gmbh & Co Leuchten Kg Lichttechnische Spezialfabrik, 5760 Arnsberg Downlight-leuchte

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0135362A3 (en) 1986-06-25
EP0135362A2 (fr) 1985-03-27

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