EP0129859A1 - Machine tool, in particular a turret cutting press - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Turret piercing press with at least one turret plate (1, 2) which is rotatably mounted and which is arranged for the guidance of various tools (8, 9, 10, 12, 35), wherein the tools are held in tool units (5, 6) which are insertable radially into the turret plates (1, 2) and are removable therefrom, characterised in that the turret plates (1, 2) have a circumferential stellate configuration which defines individual, radially outwardly open receiving pockets (3, 4) for the tool units (5, 6), in that the contour of the tool units - substantially corresponds to that of the receivin pockets (3, 4), in that the tool units (5, 6) are positively fixed against axial movement along substantially the full length of that part of their periphery which is located in the receiving pockets (3, 4) and in that motor-driven arresting devices are provided for the positive radial fixing of the tool units (5, 6) in the receiving pockets (3, 4).

Description

The invention relates to a machine tool according to the preamble of claim 1.

In the case of cutting presses used in sheet metal processing, automation has reached a high level with regard to workpiece loading and handling, especially when using numerically controlled coordinate tables. The different tool sets required for processing the usually flat, plate-like workpieces are kept in magazines and are largely automatically introduced into the working area of the machine, two systems having essentially emerged with regard to the tool guidance.

In the known turret cutting presses, the tools are located along one or more concentric part circles arranged on revolving turret rotors. A change of the tool guided in the work station located on a peripheral point of the turret (s) can be accomplished in this way by simple rotation of the turret, which is possible in a very short time. A disadvantage of this embodiment of the tool guide is the relatively time-consuming fitting or retrofitting of the turret plate. Furthermore, the number of tools in a turret plate are naturally limited. Such turret cutting presses are known, for example, from the applicant's prospectus "Template-controlled turret punch presses" (No. 002 d / 3007/72). This brochure describes turret punch presses with different turret adjusters, ie with different numbers of tool stations, in which the tool required for the punching process, consisting of punch, die and stripper, is inserted into the holes provided in the turret adjuster. The time required to change the tool in the turret adjusters depends on the size of the tool station and the skill of the operator.

In addition, cutting presses are known in which the respective work station is equipped with tools from a tool magazine. Their main advantage over the known turret cutting presses is that the respective tool magazines can be made practically any size. It is also easy to load the tool magazines when the respective tools are inserted in cassettes, so that their handling is considerably simplified. However, the time required for a tool change on the respective machine is problematic.

From DE-AS 21 38 415 a punching machine is known which interacts with a tool gripping and guiding device, the latter controlling tools removes tools from a tool magazine and transferred into the working position of the punching machine. In this case, the tool magazine is designed as a system of revolver-like disks arranged one above the other and rotatable about a vertical axis, along the periphery of which the respective work witness are held. A tool change takes place in this known punching machine in such a way that the tool located in the respective working position in the machine is detected by means of the tool gripping and guiding device, returned to the tool magazine and replaced by another tool in the same way. The time required for a tool change is dependent on the time required for the mechanically relatively complicated gripping and swiveling process of the tool change device.

Finally, a lathe is known from DE-PS 20 13 403, on whose bed slide a slide magazine is arranged, from which tools are removed by means of a tool changer and inserted into the respective tool holder located in the working area i. The slide magazine is in turn loaded from a storage magazine located next to the lathe, which is designed as a revolving chain, with the cooperation of another tool changer. The system of this known tool guide is thus determined by a work area, in particular a tool holder, in which there is only one tool, this tool holder being operatively connected to two magazines, namely the slide magazine and the mentioned supply magazine. In its basic structure, namely that the work station of this lathe is individually equipped with tools from a tool magazine, this known lathe does not differ from the system already known from DE-PS 21 38 415 and is therefore D with the suffer from the same disadvantages.

It is the object of the invention to design a machine tool for machining plate-shaped workpieces, in particular a turret cutting press, in such a way that a tool change while avoiding the known turret cutting presses existing

capacity restrictions is possible. This object is achieved primarily by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. The fact that the tool inserts, which are advantageously designed in a cassette-like manner, can be inserted in the peripheral pockets of the turret plate opens up the possibility of the turret plate with the aid of mechanical devices, e.g. to load computer-controlled. The advantages of the turret plate, which essentially consist in the rapid change of the tool located in the respective work station, can be optimally used in this way, since at the same time there is the possibility of its disadvantages, which is due to the capacity limitation with regard to the number of tools on one Avoid turret plate tools available. The latter can happen, for example, in that the turret plate interacts with a computer-controlled tool changing device after the basic possibility has been created for this by the simplified handling of the insertion or removal of tool inserts from the turret plate.

The features of claim 2 have the advantage that the tool inserts in the receiving pockets are guided particularly reliably, this axial guidance should expediently be carried out without play.

By a radial fixing effecting locking means according to the characterizing parts of claims 3 and 4, it is ensured that the tool bit in the respective receiving pocket while _d is insertion or removal assumes a precisely defined position. The motorized actuation of these locking devices serves in particular to integrate the invention according to the turret plate in an automatic tool changing system.

The features of claim 5 also serve to improve the accuracy of the positioning of the respective tool insert in the associated receiving pocket.

The coupling parts according to the characterizing part of claim 6 are of particular importance insofar as they decisively determine the accuracy of the movement control of a tool changing device in cooperation with an external tool magazine. The T-shaped cross-section of the coupling cable, seen in the specified top view of a turret plate, represents a geometrically simple shape which can be reliably encompassed and thus fixed by a corresponding coupling counterpart. The coupling part must naturally be designed in such a way that the tool insert can be fixed on all sides. The latter can be achieved - in the vertical direction - for example by grooves which extend towards the tool insert and which can be brought into engagement with correspondingly designed edges of a gripping member of a tool changing device.

• Fig. 1 einen oberen und einen unteren Revolverteller im Schnitt;
• Fig. 2 einen Teilschnitt gemäß der Linie II-II der Fig. 1 wobei in der linken Figurenhälfte der obere Revolverteller mit und in der rechten Figurenhälfte der obere Revolverteller ohne die Werkzeugeinsätze dargestellt ist;
• wobei Fig. 3 einen Teilschnitt gemäß der Linie III-III der Fig.1 in der linken Figurenhälfte der untere Revolverteller mit und in der rechten Figurenhälfte ohne die Werkzeugeinsätze dargestellt ist;
• Fig. 4 einen Teilschnitt entlang der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 2 durch den oberen Revolverteller;
• Fig. 5 einen Ausschnitt des oberen Revolvertellers mit einem Werkzeugeinsatz und zwei leeren Stationen;
• Fig. 6 einen Teilschnitt gemäß der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 3 durch den unteren Revolverteller;
• Fig. 7 eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung aus dem unteren Revolverteller mit einem Werkzeugeinsatz und zwei leeren Stationen;
• Fig. 8 einen Teilschnitt entlang der Linie VIII-VIII der
• Fig. 5 durch beide Revolverteller.

Further advantages and features of the invention result from the following exemplary embodiment shown schematically in the drawings. Show it:

• Figure 1 shows an upper and a lower turret plate in section.
• Fig. 2 is a partial section along the line II-II of Figure 1 with the upper turret plate with the left half of the figure and the upper turret plate without the tool inserts in the right half of the figure.
• 3 shows a partial section along the line III-III of FIG. 1 in the left half of the figure, the lower turret plate with and in the right half of the figure without the tool inserts;
• 4 shows a partial section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2 through the upper turret plate;
• 5 shows a section of the upper turret plate with a tool insert and two empty stations;
• 6 shows a partial section along the line VI-VI in FIG. 3 through the lower turret plate;
• 7 shows an enlarged detail from the lower turret plate with a tool insert and two empty stations;
• Fig. 8 is a partial section along the line VIII-VIII of
• Fig. 5 through both turret plates.

1 in FIG. 1 denotes the upper turret plate and 2 the lower turret plate of a turret cutting press which is not shown and is known per se. Both turret plates 1 and 2 are mounted in bearings 52, 51, which are fastened in a manner not shown in the maso frame 50 of the turret cutting press, so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis 30 and can be driven independently of one another by means of gear rings 54, 53. The turret plate 1 carries tool inserts 5 on its circumferential area, the construction of which will be explained below, the tool insert 5 shown on the left in FIG. 1 being in the working position. In this working position, the tool insert 5 is opposite a corresponding tool insert 6 of the lower turret plate 2.

In this working position, a coupling pin 18 of the tool to be described, which is still held by the tool insert 5, is encompassed by a claw coupling 19, via which the drive of the tool located in the upper turret plate 1 and held in the tool insert 5 takes place in a manner known per se. The working position is further characterized by extended rods 31, 32 of the only indicated in the drawing

Scraper mechanism 17, which serves to actuate the scraper held in the tool insert 5, the construction of which will be discussed in more detail below.

As can be seen from the right halves of FIGS. 2 and 3, the turret plates 1 and 2 are equipped on the circumferential side with radially extending and outwardly open receiving pockets 3, 4, so that there is a star-shaped basic structure of the turret plates 1 and 2. The The shape of these receiving pockets 3, 4 is essentially modeled on that of the tool inserts 5 and 6, which can be seen in the top view of the left halves of FIGS. 2 and 3. To lock the turret plate 1, 2 in the respective working position are arranged in each of two receiving pockets 3, 4 sections 33, 34 locking bushes 55, 56 which cooperate with drawings, not shown here, usually hydraulically or pneumatically operated locking bolts.

The tool inserts 5, 6 are designed in a cassette-like manner and each contain all the tools required at the relevant point in the turret adjusters. In this way, the receiving pockets 3, 4 can be designed to be completely identical to one another, which, in addition to the manufacture, also simplifies the geometric structure of a turret plate. 24 denotes stops, which are arranged in the region of the inward end of the receiving pockets 3, 4 and limit the radial movement of the tool inserts 5, 6 during their insertion into these receiving pockets. In this way, the tool inserts 5, 6 assume a precisely defined position in the receiving pockets 3, 4.

4 to 8, functional elements which correspond to those of FIGS. 1 to 3 and have already been described there are identified in accordance, so that a repeated description is dispensed with.

According to FIG. 4, the tool held in a tool insert 5 consists of a stamp 9 serving the actual cutting or punching process, which is guided in a stamp holder 8 and. is actuated via the coupling pin 18. The punch holder 8 is inserted into a guide bore 7 of the tool insert 5, which is provided with a coupling part 36 for easier removal of the tool insert from the respective receiving pocket or insertion of the tool insert into a receiving pocket, for example by means of automatically operating mechanical devices.

The tool of the tool insert 5 also comprises a scraper 12 which is secured in a guide 11 (FIG. 8) of a scraper shoe 10 with the aid of a pawl 13. The scraper is actuated via the scraper shoe by means of three transmission bolts 14 which are guided in corresponding bores 41 of the tool insert 5 and, in the rest position, at the same time bring about the attachment of the scraper shoe 10 to the tool insert 5 with the cooperation of a collar 57. The transmission bolts 14 are secured in the rest position by a spring 15. The actuation of the transmission pin 14 and thus of the scraper 12 can be done mechanically or hyaraulically or pneumatically by means of corresponding plungers which interact with the transmission pin, but which are not shown in the drawing for reasons of clarity.

The tool insert 5 inserted into the receiving pocket 3 rests on the stop 24 and engages partially by means of flanges 20, 21, which extend in the plane of the turret plate 1, the latter's upper and lower sides, so that a form-fitting fixation of the tool insert 5 in one Direction perpendicular to the plane of the turret plate 1 takes place.

5, the flange 20 surrounds the entire part of the tool insert 5 located within the contour of the receiving pocket 3, which is reliably supported in this way in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the turret plate 1. In the lateral direction, the tool insert 5 rests on both sides in its first section 44, which is characterized by boundary lines running parallel to a radius line of the turret plate, on correspondingly designed surfaces of the receiving pocket 3, while in the second Section 58, the boundary surfaces - seen in the plan view according to FIG. 5 - run at an angle to a radius line of the turret plate 1, there is play between the boundary surfaces of the tool insert 5 and those of the receiving pocket 3. The flange 21, which is no longer shown in FIG. 5, is congruent with the flange 20. The arrow 35 running in the direction of a radius line indicates the direction in which the tool insert 5 can be removed from the receiving pocket 3. 5 in FIG. 5 denotes a locking bolt, by means of which the tool insert 5 is secured against removal in the direction of the arrow 35. The operation of the locking bolt 26 will be explained in more detail below.

According to FIG. 6, the tool insert 6 carries a die 38 which is supported on this by a ring 40 and which is fixed in this position by a clamping bridge 39. The matrix 38 resting on the ring 40 can, if necessary, be installed in various angular positions with the aid of not shown grooves and pins and is inserted into a special receptacle 37 of the tool insert 6. The tool insert 6 is secured both in the radial direction and in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the turret plate 2 in the same way as the corresponding securing of the tool insert 5 in the upper turret plate 1. That is, the upper and lower side of the tool insert 6 is flanged 20 'and 21' equipped, which cover the boundary edge of the lower turret plate 2 in the area of the receiving pocket 4 on both sides, ie above and below, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 7. The radial movement of the tool insert 6 during its insertion into the receiving pocket 4 is limited by a stop 24, securing against the pulling out of the tool insert 6 in the direction of an arrow 35 by locking bolts 26, the Function and mode of action will still have to be described. As can also be seen from FIGS. 6 and 7, the clamping bridge 39, with which the die 38 is held in the receptacle 37 of the tool insert 6, is inserted into lateral recesses 45, 45 'of the upper flange 20' and in this way radially secured.

The mode of operation of the locking bolts 26 both in the upper turret plate 1 and in the lower turret plate 2 can be seen from FIG. 8. Thereafter, the locking bolts 26 are inserted into corresponding bores 28 in the turret adjusters 1, 2 and secured in their rest position by springs 29 with the cooperation of a collar 59. In this rest position, one end of the locking bolt 26 in the upper turret plate 1 protrudes out of its upper surface 22 and into a semi-circular recess which is machined into the flange 20 of the tool insert 5 and is open to the outside, ie in the plane of the turret plate in the direction away from the tool insert 5 27 in. The radial fixation of the tool insert 5 is thus achieved by the abutment of the locking bolt 26 on the semicircular boundary surfaces of the recess 27. In a similar manner, one end of the locking bolt 26 in the lower turret plate 2 projects out of its lower surface 47 and into a semi-circular recess 27 'open into the flange 21' and machined into the flange 21 ', ie lying in the plane of the turret plate 2. into it, so that in a manner similar to the tool insert 5 there is a radial fixation of the tool insert 6 by the partial abutment of the locking pin 26 on the semicircular boundary surfaces of the recess 27 'in the flange 21'. To pull the tool inserts 5, 6 out of their respective receiving pockets 3, 4, the locking bolt assigned to them must therefore counter the force of the springs 29 to below 5 the upper surface 22 of the turret plate 1 or until they are pressed into the respective bore 28 via the lower surface 47 of the turret plate 2. This is done by motor, in particular hydraulically or pneumatically. For this purpose, there are piston cylinder units 46, 46 'on the machine frame 50 of the turret cutting press, each associated with the upper turret plate 1 and the lower turret plate 2, by means of which plungers 48, 48' the locking bolts 26 are displaced to release the radial locking of the tool inserts 5, 6 can.

As the above statements show, in the turret cutting press according to the invention, the turret plates 21, which as such already represent a tool magazine, can be converted in a very short time by radially pulling out the respective tool inserts which contain different tools. With the cassette-like structure of the tool inserts, the prerequisites for an automated, i.e. computer controlled. Tool change given a turret cutting press, so that in connection with an outer tool magazine, the advantages of the conventional turret cutting presses, which consist in quick access to the tools located in the turret plate, with those cutting presses in which the work station is equipped with tools from a tool magazine , which consist in a tool reservoir that is larger in relation to a turret plate, are advantageously linked with the shortest possible changeover times. 36a denotes grooves which are incorporated in the coupling part 36 and which extend in the direction of the respective tool insert 5, 6. These grooves 36a serve to improve the fixability of the tool inserts 5, 6 on all sides in a gripping member of a tool changing device, which is seen with edges or strips which can be brought into engagement with these grooves, 36a.

Claims (10)

1. Machine tool for processing plate-shaped workpieces, in particular a turret cutting press with at least one turret plate (1, 2) arranged on one side of the workpiece and arranged for guiding different tools, characterized in that the turret plate (1, 2) has circumferential pockets with receiving pockets ( 3, 4) for tool inserts (5, 6) and that the tool inserts (5, 6) containing the tools (8, 9, 10, 12, 38) required for machining the workpiece radially into the receiving pockets (3, 4) ) can be used or removed from the receiving pockets (3, 4). 2. Machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool inserts (5,6) inside the receiving pockets (3,4) axially to the turret plate (1,2) are preferably positively fixed on both sides. 3. Machine tool according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the turret plate (1,2) in the region of the receiving pockets (3,4) is equipped with radially acting locking devices for the tool inserts (5,6). 4. Machine tool according to claim ₃ , characterized in that the locking devices are designed to be actuated by a motor, in particular hydraulically or pneumatically. 5. Machine tool according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the receiving pockets (3, 4) are provided with radially acting stops (24) for the tool inserts (5, 6). 6. Machine tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that on the tool inserts (5, 6) coupling parts (36) are attached, which extend radially and - seen in the top view of a turret plate (1,2) - preferably from T-shaped cross section. ₇ . Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tool insert (5) in the turret plate (1) located above the workpiece to be machined essentially contains a punch (8) and a scraper (12) as a tool, and in that a tool insert (6 ) essentially contains a die (38) as a tool in the turret plate (2) located below the workpiece to be machined. ₈ . Machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the scraper (12) guided in the tool insert (6) is designed to be operable by motor, hydraulically or pneumatically. 9. Machine tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a locking device contains at least one locking bolt (26) which engages with a recess (27, 27 ') of a flange (20, 21') of the tool insert (5, 6) is feasible. 10. Machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that the locking bolt (26) in a bore (28,28 ') of the turret plate (1,2) and in its, the tool insert (5,6) locking position by a collar ( 59) and a spring (29) is secured.

Images