EP0128529A2 - Pressure switch - Google Patents
Pressure switch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0128529A2 EP0128529A2 EP84106478A EP84106478A EP0128529A2 EP 0128529 A2 EP0128529 A2 EP 0128529A2 EP 84106478 A EP84106478 A EP 84106478A EP 84106478 A EP84106478 A EP 84106478A EP 0128529 A2 EP0128529 A2 EP 0128529A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact elements
- electrically conductive
- bridge element
- pressure switch
- electrically
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
- H01H13/78—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites
- H01H13/785—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites characterised by the material of the contacts, e.g. conductive polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
- H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2201/00—Contacts
- H01H2201/022—Material
- H01H2201/032—Conductive polymer; Rubber
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2209/00—Layers
- H01H2209/002—Materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
- H01H2239/034—Environmental protection
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pressure switch with two contact elements, which are arranged electrically separated from one another and provided with connections, and further with a resilient, electrically conductive bridge element, which is attached in an electrically insulated manner from at least one of the contact elements and can be connected to this or these by pressing is.
- the resilient bridge element generally consist of metal or graphite-coated plastic films, e.g. Polyester films, and the contact elements made of metal.
- a disadvantage here is the limited resistance of these materials, e.g. against solvents or corrosive agents.
- the object of the present invention was to show further embodiments of pressure switches of the type described at the outset which can be easily manufactured, have a long service life and can be used widely.
- the invention accordingly relates to a pressure switch with two contact elements which are arranged electrically separated from one another and are provided with connections, and furthermore with a resilient, electrically conductive bridge element which is attached in an electrically insulated manner from one or both of the contact elements and with this or these by pressing is connectable, which is characterized in that the bridge element consists of a film or a sheet of electrically conductive pyrrole polymers.
- the contact elements of the pressure switches according to the invention can be made of any electrically conductive materials, e.g. Metals. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, these contact elements also consist of electrically conductive pyrrole polymers.
- the electrically conductive pyrrole polymers to be used according to the invention are distinguished, inter alia, by a high electrical conductivity, which is generally in the range from 10 ° to 10 2 ohm -1 cm -1 .
- pyrrole polymers are understood to mean polymers which have been obtained by polymerizing compounds from the class of the pyrroles.
- Compounds from this class are the pyrrole itself and also the substituted pyrroles, such as N-alkylpyrroles, N-arylpyrroles, the pyrroles monoalkyl- or dialkyl-substituted on the carbon atoms and the pyrroles monohalogen-substituted or dihalogen-substituted on the carbon atoms.
- pyrrole can be used alone or as a mixture with other compounds from the class of the pyrroles.
- Polymers of unsubstituted pyrrole are preferably used. If polymers of substituted pyrroles are used, polymers of 3,4-dialkylpyrroles, in particular having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, and also of 3,4-dihalopyrroles, in particular 3,4-dichloropyrrole, are preferred.
- the pyrrole polymers can optionally also contain certain amounts of other compounds which copolymerize with the pyrroles in copolymerized form.
- Suitable compounds which copolymerize with the pyrroles are, for example Cyclopentadiene, azulene and its derivatives, such as benzazulene, kajaazulene, fulvene, indene or also square acid.
- Heterocyclic compounds, such as imidazole, thiazole, furan or thiophene, are also suitable as comonomers.
- 2-Bromothiophene, 2,6-dimethylpyridine and pyrazine can also be used. Based on 10 parts of the pyrroles, the polymers may contain 1 to 10 parts of the compounds copolymerized with the pyrroles in copolymerized form.
- the electrically conductive pyrrole polymers and the processes for their preparation are known as such.
- the electrically conductive pyrrole polymers are preferably produced by electrochemical polymerization, the polymerization of the monomers being carried out by anodic oxidation. Current densities of 2 to 20 mA / cm 2 are used, for example. Usually voltages in the range of 1 to 300 volts are applied.
- the polymerization is expediently carried out in the presence of auxiliary liquids in which the monomers are dissolved or dispersed.
- Polar organic solvents can be used for this purpose, such as, for example, alcohols, ethers such as dioxane or else tetrahydrofuran, acetone or acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide or sulfolane. If water-miscible solvents are used, small amounts of water can also be added. If dispersants are used or aromatic sulfonic acids or their salts are used as conductive salts, it is also possible to carry out the electrochemical polymerization in liquid.
- the pyrroles are polymerized in the presence of complexing agents.
- complexing agents These are understood to be salts which contain, for example, those from the group BF 4 - , AsF4, AsF 6 - , SbF 6 - , SbCl - , PF 6 - , ClO 4 - , HSO 4 - , SO 4 2- as anions.
- Complexing agents which contain anions of aromatic sulfonic acids, for example the benzenesulfonic acid anion or toluenesulfonic acid anion, are also preferred.
- These salts contain, for example, lithium, sodium or potassium or else tertiary or quaternary ammonium or phosphonium cations.
- complexing agents which also serve as conductive salts in the electrochemical polymerization of the pyrroles, are incorporated in the pyrrole polymers and bring about the high electrical conductivity of the pyrrole polymers.
- the complexing agents are generally used in such an amount that the pyrrole polymers contain between 10 and 40 mol%, based on 1 mol of pyrrole. If sheet-shaped anodes are used in the electrochemical polymerization, polymer films or foils are obtained which can be used directly according to the invention in the pressure switches.
- a possible embodiment of the pressure switch according to the invention is shown schematically in cross section.
- a solid, dimensionally stable base (1) e.g. made of plastic, glass, metal, paper or the like
- two flat contact elements (2) made of electrically conductive pyrrole polymers are applied in an adherent manner via an electrically insulating adhesive layer (3).
- the two contact elements (2) are arranged electrically separated from each other and each provided with a connection (4) for the current supply and discharge.
- the resilient bridge element (5) made of the electrically conductive pyrrole polymers, which is also flat, is attached over the two contact elements (2) by means of suitable holding or clamping devices (6) in such a way that it is electrically separated from both contact elements (2).
- a pressure generating medium (8) e.g. the human hand or a mechanical pressure piece like a stamp
- the bridge element (5) can be pressed against the two contact elements (2) and an electrically conductive connection can be established between them. If the bridge element (5) is relieved of the pressure again, it returns to its starting position due to its resilient, elastic properties, interrupting the electrically conductive connection.
- the two contact elements - even if preferred - can not only be flat, but also, for example, linear or cylindrical.
- special insulating elements in between can be dispensed with, provided that the need for an electrically separate arrangement of these elements is ensured by other design forms.
- the bridge element e.g. the bridge element must be connected in an electrically conductive manner to one of the contact elements, so that only the contact with the second contact element need be made by the pressure on the bridge element.
- the resilient bridge element in such a way that it is pressed onto the contact element (s) not by pressure but by tension.
- An adhesive layer for attaching the contact elements to a base is also in no way absolutely necessary or can be replaced by other equivalent means.
- the bridge element can be brought into direct contact with the pressure or tension-generating medium to trigger the switching process.
- it can also be spanned, for example, by a flexible, preferably electrically insulating cover or protective film, for example made of plastic.
- the bridge element can also be designed as a multilayer element with a layer made of the electrically conductive pyrrole polymers, which faces the contact elements, and a layer made of e.g. an electrically insulating material, such as another plastic film, which faces the pressure generating medium.
- the bridge element or the covering or protective film spanning it can also be designed as a membrane, so that gases or liquids can also be used as the pressure-generating medium.
- the pressure switch according to the invention can also be installed in a switch or insulating housing.
- the pressure switch according to the invention can be used in many areas of application due to its diverse possible designs. It has a long service life. With a pressure switch, as shown in the figure, over 20 million operations could be carried out without visible material fatigue.
Landscapes
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
- Steering Controls (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Druckschalter mit zwei Kontaktelementen, die elektrisch voneinander getrennt angeordnet und mit Anschlüssen versehen sind, und weiter mit einem federnden, elektrisch leitfähigen Brückenelement, das von mindestens einem der Kontaktelemente elektrisch isoliert angebracht und mit diesem bzw. diesen durch Andrücken in Verbindung bringbar ist.The invention relates to a pressure switch with two contact elements, which are arranged electrically separated from one another and provided with connections, and further with a resilient, electrically conductive bridge element, which is attached in an electrically insulated manner from at least one of the contact elements and can be connected to this or these by pressing is.
Bei den bekannten Druckschaltern der genannten Art bestehen das federnde Brückenelement im allgemeinen aus metall- oder graphitbeschichteten Kunststoff-Folien, z.B. Polyester-Folien, und die Kontaktelemente aus Metall. Nachteilig hierbei ist die begrenzte Beständigkeit dieser Materialien, z.B. gegenüber Lösungsmitteln oder korrodierend wirkenden Agenzien. Auch besteht die Gefahr der Abnutzung oder Ablösung der auf die Kunststoff--Folien aufgebrachten elektrisch leitfähigen Schicht.In the known pressure switches of the type mentioned, the resilient bridge element generally consist of metal or graphite-coated plastic films, e.g. Polyester films, and the contact elements made of metal. A disadvantage here is the limited resistance of these materials, e.g. against solvents or corrosive agents. There is also a risk of the electrically conductive layer applied to the plastic films being worn or detached.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es, weitere Ausführungsformen von Druckschaltern der eingangs beschriebenen Art aufzuzeigen, die einfach hergestellt werden können, eine hohe Lebensdauer besitzen und breit einsetzbar sind.The object of the present invention was to show further embodiments of pressure switches of the type described at the outset which can be easily manufactured, have a long service life and can be used widely.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch Druckschalter der genannten Art gelöst, in denen das federnde, elektrisch leitfähige Brückenelement aus elektrisch leitfähigen Pyrrol-Polymeren gebildet wird.This object is achieved by pressure switches of the type mentioned, in which the resilient, electrically conductive bridge element is formed from electrically conductive pyrrole polymers.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist demzufolge ein Druckschalter mit zwei Kontaktelementen, die elektrisch voneinander getrennt angeordnet und mit Anschlüssen versehen sind, und des weiteren mit einem federnden, elektrisch leitfähigen Brückenelement, das von einem oder beiden der Kontaktelemente elektrisch isoliert angebracht und mit diesem oder diesen durch Andrücken in Verbindung bringbar ist, welcher dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß das Brückenelement aus einem Film oder einer Folie aus elektrisch leitfähigen Pyrrol-Polymeren besteht.The invention accordingly relates to a pressure switch with two contact elements which are arranged electrically separated from one another and are provided with connections, and furthermore with a resilient, electrically conductive bridge element which is attached in an electrically insulated manner from one or both of the contact elements and with this or these by pressing is connectable, which is characterized in that the bridge element consists of a film or a sheet of electrically conductive pyrrole polymers.
Die Kontaktelemente der erfindungsgemäßen Druckschalter können aus beliebigen elektrisch leitfähigen Materialien, z.B. Metallen, bestehen. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung bestehen diese Kontaktelemente jedoch ebenfalls aus elektrisch leitfähigen Pyrrol-Polymeren.The contact elements of the pressure switches according to the invention can be made of any electrically conductive materials, e.g. Metals. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, these contact elements also consist of electrically conductive pyrrole polymers.
Die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden elektrisch leitfähigen Pyrrol-Polymeren zeichnen sich unter anderem durch eine hohe elektrische Leitfähigkeit aus, die im allgemeinen im Bereich von 10° bis 102 Ohm-1cm-1 liegt. Rss/PThe electrically conductive pyrrole polymers to be used according to the invention are distinguished, inter alia, by a high electrical conductivity, which is generally in the range from 10 ° to 10 2 ohm -1 cm -1 . Rss / P
Unter Pyrrol-Polymeren werden dabei im Rahmen dieser Erfindung Polymere verstanden, die durch Polymerisieren von Verbindungen aus der Klasse der Pyrrole erhalten worden sind. Verbindungen aus dieser Klasse sind einmal das Pyrrol selbst sowie auch die substituierten Pyrrole, wie N-Alkylpyrrole, N-Arylpyrrole, die an den C-Atomen monoalkyl- oder dialkylsubstituierten Pyrrole und die an den C-Atomen monohalogen- oder dihalogensubstituierten Pyrrole. Zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Polymere kann Pyrrol allein oder in Mischung mit anderen Verbindungen aus der Klasse der Pyrrole verwendet werden. Vorzugsweise verwendet man Polymere des unsubstituierten Pyrrols. Werden Polymere substituierter Pyrrole eingesetzt, so sind Polymere der 3,4-Dialkylpyrrole, insbesondere mit 1 bis 4 C-Atomen im Alkylrest, sowie auch der 3,4-Dihalogenpyrrole, insbesondere des 3,4-Dichlorpyrrols, bevorzugt.In the context of this invention, pyrrole polymers are understood to mean polymers which have been obtained by polymerizing compounds from the class of the pyrroles. Compounds from this class are the pyrrole itself and also the substituted pyrroles, such as N-alkylpyrroles, N-arylpyrroles, the pyrroles monoalkyl- or dialkyl-substituted on the carbon atoms and the pyrroles monohalogen-substituted or dihalogen-substituted on the carbon atoms. For the preparation of the polymers to be used according to the invention, pyrrole can be used alone or as a mixture with other compounds from the class of the pyrroles. Polymers of unsubstituted pyrrole are preferably used. If polymers of substituted pyrroles are used, polymers of 3,4-dialkylpyrroles, in particular having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, and also of 3,4-dihalopyrroles, in particular 3,4-dichloropyrrole, are preferred.
Die Pyrrol-Polymeren können auch gegebenenfalls bestimmte Mengen anderer Verbindungen, die mit den Pyrrolen copolymerisieren, einpolymerisiert enthalten. Als Verbindungen, die mit den Pyrrolen copolymerisieren, eignen sich z.B. Cyclopentadien, Azulen und dessen Derivate, wie Benzazulen, Kajaazulen, ferner Fulven, Inden oder auch Quadratsäure. Als Comonomere kommen auch heterocyclische Verbindungen in Frage, wie Imidazol, Thiazol, Furan oder Thiophen. Auch 2-Bromthiophen, 2,6-Dimethylpyridin und Pyrazin können verwendet werden. Bezogen auf 10 Teile der Pyrrole können die Polymere 1 bis 10 Teile der mit den Pyrrolen copolymerisierenden Verbindungen einpolymerisiert enthalten.The pyrrole polymers can optionally also contain certain amounts of other compounds which copolymerize with the pyrroles in copolymerized form. Suitable compounds which copolymerize with the pyrroles are, for example Cyclopentadiene, azulene and its derivatives, such as benzazulene, kajaazulene, fulvene, indene or also square acid. Heterocyclic compounds, such as imidazole, thiazole, furan or thiophene, are also suitable as comonomers. 2-Bromothiophene, 2,6-dimethylpyridine and pyrazine can also be used. Based on 10 parts of the pyrroles, the polymers may contain 1 to 10 parts of the compounds copolymerized with the pyrroles in copolymerized form.
Die elektrisch leitfähigen Pyrrol-Polymeren sowie die Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sind als solche bekannt. Bevorzugt werden die elektrisch leitfähigen Pyrrol-Polymere durch elektrochemische Polymerisation hergestellt, wobei die Polymerisation der Monomeren durch anodische Oxidation erfolgt. Es werden hierzu beispielsweise Stromdichten von 2 bis 20 mA/cm2 verwendet. Es werden meistens Spannungen im Bereich von 1 bis 300 Volt angelegt. Die Polymerisation erfolgt zweckmäßig in Gegenwart von Hilfsflüssigkeiten, worin die Monomeren gelöst oder dispergiert sind. Es können hierzu polare organische Lösungsmittel verwendet werden, wie z.B. Alkohole, Ether wie Dioxan oder auch Tetrahydrofuran, Aceton oder Acetonitril, Dimethylformamid, N-Methylpyrrolidon, Dimethylsulfoxid oder Sulfolan. Verwendet man mit Wasser mischbare Lösungsmittel, so können auch geringe Mengen Wasser zugesetzt werden. Bei Mitverwendung von Dispergiermitteln oder Einsatz von aromatischen Sulfonsäuren bzw. deren Salzen als Leitsalzen ist es auch möglich, die elektrochemische Polymerisation in liasser durchzuführen.The electrically conductive pyrrole polymers and the processes for their preparation are known as such. The electrically conductive pyrrole polymers are preferably produced by electrochemical polymerization, the polymerization of the monomers being carried out by anodic oxidation. Current densities of 2 to 20 mA / cm 2 are used, for example. Usually voltages in the range of 1 to 300 volts are applied. The polymerization is expediently carried out in the presence of auxiliary liquids in which the monomers are dissolved or dispersed. Polar organic solvents can be used for this purpose, such as, for example, alcohols, ethers such as dioxane or else tetrahydrofuran, acetone or acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide or sulfolane. If water-miscible solvents are used, small amounts of water can also be added. If dispersants are used or aromatic sulfonic acids or their salts are used as conductive salts, it is also possible to carry out the electrochemical polymerization in liquid.
Die Polymerisation der Pyrrole erfolgt in Gegenwart von Komplexierungsmitteln. Man versteht hierunter Salze, die als Anionen beispielsweise solche aus der Gruppe BF4 -, AsF4 , AsF6 -, SbF6 -, SbCl-, PF6 -, ClO4 -, HSO4 -, SO4 2- enthalten. Bevorzugt sind auch Komplexierungsmittel, die Anionen aromatischer Sulfonsäuren, beispielsweise das Benzolsulfonsäure-Anion oder Toluolsulfonsäure-Anion enthalten. Diese Salze enthalten als Kationen z.B. Lithium, Natrium oder Kalium oder auch tertiäre oder quaternäre Ammonium- oder Phosphonium-Kationen. Die Verwendung von Verbindungen dieser Klasse als Komplexierungsmittel ist bekannt. Diese Komplexierungsmittel, die bei der elektrochemischen Polymerisation der Pyrrole gleichzeitig als Leitsalze dienen, werden hierbei in die Pyrrol-Polymeren eingelagert und bewirken die hohe elektrische Leitfähigkeit der Pyrrol-Polymeren. Man verwendet im allgemeinen die Komplexierungsmittel in solcher Menge, daß die Pyrrol-Polymere zwischen 10 und 40 Mol-%, bezogen auf 1 Mol Pyrrol, hiervon enthalten. Verwendet man bei der elektrochemischen Polymerisation flächenförmige Anoden, so erhält man Polymer-Filme bzw. -Folien, die unmittelbar erfindungsgemäß in den Druckschaltern verwendet werden können.The pyrroles are polymerized in the presence of complexing agents. These are understood to be salts which contain, for example, those from the group BF 4 - , AsF4, AsF 6 - , SbF 6 - , SbCl - , PF 6 - , ClO 4 - , HSO 4 - , SO 4 2- as anions. Complexing agents which contain anions of aromatic sulfonic acids, for example the benzenesulfonic acid anion or toluenesulfonic acid anion, are also preferred. These salts contain, for example, lithium, sodium or potassium or else tertiary or quaternary ammonium or phosphonium cations. The use of compounds of this class as complexing agents is known. These complexing agents, which also serve as conductive salts in the electrochemical polymerization of the pyrroles, are incorporated in the pyrrole polymers and bring about the high electrical conductivity of the pyrrole polymers. The complexing agents are generally used in such an amount that the pyrrole polymers contain between 10 and 40 mol%, based on 1 mol of pyrrole. If sheet-shaped anodes are used in the electrochemical polymerization, polymer films or foils are obtained which can be used directly according to the invention in the pressure switches.
In der Figur ist eine mögliche Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Druckschalters im Querschnitt schematisch wiedergegeben. Auf einer festen, dimensionsstabilen Unterlage (1), z.B. aus Kunststoff, Glas, Metall, Papier oder ähnlichem, sind zwei flächig ausgebildete Kontaktelemente (2) aus elektrisch leitfähigen Pyrrol-Polymeren über eine elektrisch isolierende Haftschicht (3) festhaftend aufgebracht. Die beiden Kontaktelemente (2) sind dabei elektrisch voneinander getrennt angeordnet und jeweils mit einem Anschluß (4) für die Stromzu- bzw. -abfuhr versehen. Über den beiden Kontaktelementen (2) ist das ebenfalls flächig ausgebildete, federnde Brückenelement (5) aus den elektrisch leitfähigen Pyrrol-Polymeren mittels geeigneter Halte- oder Einspannvorrichtungen (6) so angebracht, daß es von beiden Kontaktelementen (2) elektrisch getrennt ist. Dies erfolgt in der gezeigten Ausführungsform über Isolierelemente (7), wobei auch die beiden Kontaktelemente über ein solches Isolierelement (7) getrennt sind. Durch ein Druck erzeugendes Medium (8), z.B. die menschliche Hand oder ein mechanisches Druckstück wie einen Stempel, kann das Brückenelement (5) an die beiden Kontaktelemente (2) angedrückt und so zwischen diesen eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung hergestellt werden. Wird das Brückenelement (5) wieder von dem Druck entlastet, geht es aufgrund seiner federnden, elastischen Eigenschaften unter Unterbrechung der elektrisch leitenden Verbindung wieder in seine Ausgangslage zurück.In the figure, a possible embodiment of the pressure switch according to the invention is shown schematically in cross section. On a solid, dimensionally stable base (1), e.g. made of plastic, glass, metal, paper or the like, two flat contact elements (2) made of electrically conductive pyrrole polymers are applied in an adherent manner via an electrically insulating adhesive layer (3). The two contact elements (2) are arranged electrically separated from each other and each provided with a connection (4) for the current supply and discharge. The resilient bridge element (5) made of the electrically conductive pyrrole polymers, which is also flat, is attached over the two contact elements (2) by means of suitable holding or clamping devices (6) in such a way that it is electrically separated from both contact elements (2). In the embodiment shown, this takes place via insulating elements (7), the two contact elements also being separated via such an insulating element (7). Through a pressure generating medium (8), e.g. the human hand or a mechanical pressure piece like a stamp, the bridge element (5) can be pressed against the two contact elements (2) and an electrically conductive connection can be established between them. If the bridge element (5) is relieved of the pressure again, it returns to its starting position due to its resilient, elastic properties, interrupting the electrically conductive connection.
Auch wenn der erfindungsgemäße Druckschalter an Hand der in der Figur gezeigten speziellen Ausführungsform erläutert worden ist, so ist es selbstredend, daß er viele andere Ausgestaltungsformen besitzen kann, wie sie für Druckschalter der in Rede stehenden Art üblich bzw. für einen Fachmann selbstverständlich und geläufig sind.Even if the pressure switch according to the invention has been explained on the basis of the special embodiment shown in the figure, it goes without saying that it can have many other configurations, such as are customary for pressure switches of the type in question or are self-evident and familiar to a person skilled in the art .
So können die beiden Kontaktelemente - wenn auch bevorzugt - nicht nur flächig ausgebildet sein, sondern beispielsweise auch linienförmig oder zylindrisch. Je nach Anordnung des Brückenelementes und der beiden Kontaktelemente kann auf besondere Isolierelemente dazwischen verzichtet werden, sofern durch andere konstruktive Auführungsformen das Erfordernis der elektrisch voneinander getrennten Anordnung dieser Elemente gewährleistet ist. In einer anderen Ausgestaltungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Druckschalters kann z.B. das Brückenelement fest mit einem der Kontaktelemente elektrisch leitend verbunden sein, so daß durch den Druck auf das Brückenelement nur noch der Kontakt mit dem zweiten Kontaktelement hergestellt zu werden braucht. Ferner ist es möglich, das federnde Brückenelement so anzuordnen, daß es nicht durch Druck, sondern durch Zug an das bzw. die Kontaktelement(e) angedrückt wird. Eine Haftschicht zum Anbringen der Kontaktelemente auf einer Unterlage ist ebenfalls keineswegs zwingend erforderlich bzw. kann durch andere äquivalente Mittel ersetzt werden.Thus, the two contact elements - even if preferred - can not only be flat, but also, for example, linear or cylindrical. Depending on the arrangement of the bridge element and the two contact elements, special insulating elements in between can be dispensed with, provided that the need for an electrically separate arrangement of these elements is ensured by other design forms. In another embodiment of the pressure switch according to the invention, e.g. the bridge element must be connected in an electrically conductive manner to one of the contact elements, so that only the contact with the second contact element need be made by the pressure on the bridge element. Furthermore, it is possible to arrange the resilient bridge element in such a way that it is pressed onto the contact element (s) not by pressure but by tension. An adhesive layer for attaching the contact elements to a base is also in no way absolutely necessary or can be replaced by other equivalent means.
Das Brückenelement kann zum Auslösen des Schaltvorganges direkt mit dem Druck oder Zug erzeugenden Medium in Kontakt gebracht werden. Es kann aber auch beispielsweise von einer flexiblen, vorzugsweise elektrisch isolierend wirkenden Abdeck- oder Schutzfolie, beispielsweise aus Kunststoff, überspannt sein. Das Brückenelement kann auch als mehrlagiges Element ausgestaltet sein mit einer Lage aus den elektrisch leitenden Pyrrol-Polymeren, die den Kontaktelementen zugewandt ist, und einer Lage aus z.B. einem elektrisch isolierend wirkenden Material, etwa einem anderen Kunststoff-Film, die dem Druck erzeugenden Medium zugewandt ist. Das Brückenelement bzw. die sie überspannende Abdeck- bzw. Schutzfolie kann auch als Membran ausgebildet sein, so daß als druckerzeugendes Medium auch Gase oder Flüssigkeiten Anwendung finden können. Schließlich kann der erfindungsgemäße Druckschalter auch in ein Schalt- oder Isoliergehäuse eingebaut sein.The bridge element can be brought into direct contact with the pressure or tension-generating medium to trigger the switching process. However, it can also be spanned, for example, by a flexible, preferably electrically insulating cover or protective film, for example made of plastic. The bridge element can also be designed as a multilayer element with a layer made of the electrically conductive pyrrole polymers, which faces the contact elements, and a layer made of e.g. an electrically insulating material, such as another plastic film, which faces the pressure generating medium. The bridge element or the covering or protective film spanning it can also be designed as a membrane, so that gases or liquids can also be used as the pressure-generating medium. Finally, the pressure switch according to the invention can also be installed in a switch or insulating housing.
Der erfindungsgemäße Druckschalter kann aufgrund seiner vielfältigen möglichen Ausgestaltungsformen in vielen Anwendungsbereichen Einsatz finden. Er besitzt eine hohe Lebensdauer. Mit einem Druckschalter, wie er in der Figur dargestellt ist, konnten über 20 Millionen Schaltungen ohne sichtbare Materialermüdungen ausgeführt werden.The pressure switch according to the invention can be used in many areas of application due to its diverse possible designs. It has a long service life. With a pressure switch, as shown in the figure, over 20 million operations could be carried out without visible material fatigue.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3321071 | 1983-06-10 | ||
| DE19833321071 DE3321071A1 (en) | 1983-06-10 | 1983-06-10 | PRESSURE SWITCH |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0128529A2 true EP0128529A2 (en) | 1984-12-19 |
| EP0128529A3 EP0128529A3 (en) | 1987-07-29 |
Family
ID=6201200
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP84106478A Withdrawn EP0128529A3 (en) | 1983-06-10 | 1984-06-06 | Pressure switch |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0128529A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS609016A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3321071A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996039707A1 (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1996-12-12 | Raychem Corporation | Flexible electrode-bearing article |
| EP1172831A2 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2002-01-16 | Agfa-Gevaert | Switch with at least one flexible conductive member |
| EP1307071A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2003-05-02 | Phonak Ag | Behind-the-ear hearing aid as switch |
| WO2005024870A2 (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-17 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Mechanical control elements for organic polymer electronic devices |
| US7039208B2 (en) | 2002-08-05 | 2006-05-02 | Phonak Ag | Behind-the-ear housing functioning as a switch |
| US7329559B2 (en) | 2003-01-21 | 2008-02-12 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Use of conductive carbon black/graphite mixtures for the production of low-cost electronics |
| US7442954B2 (en) | 2002-11-19 | 2008-10-28 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Organic electronic component comprising a patterned, semi-conducting functional layer and a method for producing said component |
| US7786818B2 (en) | 2004-12-10 | 2010-08-31 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electronic component comprising a modulator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7875975B2 (en) | 2000-08-18 | 2011-01-25 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Organic integrated circuit completely encapsulated by multi-layered barrier and included in RFID tag |
| DE10226370B4 (en) | 2002-06-13 | 2008-12-11 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Substrate for an electronic component, use of the substrate, methods for increasing the charge carrier mobility and organic field effect transistor (OFET) |
| US8044517B2 (en) | 2002-07-29 | 2011-10-25 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electronic component comprising predominantly organic functional materials and a method for the production thereof |
| DE10340643B4 (en) | 2003-09-03 | 2009-04-16 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Printing method for producing a double layer for polymer electronics circuits, and thereby produced electronic component with double layer |
| DE102004040831A1 (en) | 2004-08-23 | 2006-03-09 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Radio-tag compatible outer packaging |
| DE102004059465A1 (en) | 2004-12-10 | 2006-06-14 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | recognition system |
| DE102004063435A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-27 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Organic rectifier |
| DE102005009819A1 (en) | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-07 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | electronics assembly |
| DE102005017655B4 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2008-12-11 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Multilayer composite body with electronic function |
| DE102005031448A1 (en) | 2005-07-04 | 2007-01-11 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Activatable optical layer |
| DE102005035589A1 (en) | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Manufacturing electronic component on surface of substrate where component has two overlapping function layers |
| DE102005044306A1 (en) | 2005-09-16 | 2007-03-22 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electronic circuit and method for producing such |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3574072A (en) * | 1968-04-03 | 1971-04-06 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Polymerization of heterocyclic compounds |
| US3721778A (en) * | 1971-06-21 | 1973-03-20 | Chomerics Inc | Keyboard switch assembly with improved operator and contact structure |
-
1983
- 1983-06-10 DE DE19833321071 patent/DE3321071A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1984
- 1984-06-06 JP JP59114725A patent/JPS609016A/en active Pending
- 1984-06-06 EP EP84106478A patent/EP0128529A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3574072A (en) * | 1968-04-03 | 1971-04-06 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Polymerization of heterocyclic compounds |
| US3721778A (en) * | 1971-06-21 | 1973-03-20 | Chomerics Inc | Keyboard switch assembly with improved operator and contact structure |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996039707A1 (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1996-12-12 | Raychem Corporation | Flexible electrode-bearing article |
| EP1172831A2 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2002-01-16 | Agfa-Gevaert | Switch with at least one flexible conductive member |
| EP1172831A3 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2006-03-29 | Agfa-Gevaert | Switch with at least one flexible conductive member |
| EP1307071A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2003-05-02 | Phonak Ag | Behind-the-ear hearing aid as switch |
| US7039208B2 (en) | 2002-08-05 | 2006-05-02 | Phonak Ag | Behind-the-ear housing functioning as a switch |
| US7442954B2 (en) | 2002-11-19 | 2008-10-28 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Organic electronic component comprising a patterned, semi-conducting functional layer and a method for producing said component |
| US7329559B2 (en) | 2003-01-21 | 2008-02-12 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Use of conductive carbon black/graphite mixtures for the production of low-cost electronics |
| WO2005024870A2 (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-17 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Mechanical control elements for organic polymer electronic devices |
| WO2005024870A3 (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-05-06 | Polyic Gmbh & Co Kg | Mechanical control elements for organic polymer electronic devices |
| US7786818B2 (en) | 2004-12-10 | 2010-08-31 | Polyic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electronic component comprising a modulator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS609016A (en) | 1985-01-18 |
| DE3321071A1 (en) | 1984-12-13 |
| EP0128529A3 (en) | 1987-07-29 |
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