EP0126269B1 - Method of and installation for producing moulds - Google Patents

Method of and installation for producing moulds Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0126269B1
EP0126269B1 EP84104045A EP84104045A EP0126269B1 EP 0126269 B1 EP0126269 B1 EP 0126269B1 EP 84104045 A EP84104045 A EP 84104045A EP 84104045 A EP84104045 A EP 84104045A EP 0126269 B1 EP0126269 B1 EP 0126269B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould material
pattern
backfilling
pattern plates
plates
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EP84104045A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0126269A2 (en
EP0126269A3 (en
Inventor
Christian Schönenborn
Erhard Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Jaeger
Michael Achinger
Hans Wolter
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Publication of EP0126269A2 publication Critical patent/EP0126269A2/en
Publication of EP0126269A3 publication Critical patent/EP0126269A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
    • B22C15/23—Compacting by gas pressure or vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C13/00—Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes
    • B22C13/08—Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes for shell moulds or shell cores

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a casting mold consisting of the lower mold and upper mold by means of model plates, in which a shell is formed from a free-flowing, thermosetting molding material, possibly under the influence of a vacuum, on the model plate surfaces, which can be heated to the curing temperature, using a conventional molding material , in particular a wet casting sand, optionally under the action of an air pressure difference, in particular a vacuum, is backfilled.
  • Such a generic method is known from DE-A 2916211, which has all the features of the preamble of claims 1 and 10.
  • a molding box is placed on a swivel-mounted, heated model plate, coated with a free-flowing thermosetting molding material and a molding material shell is formed on the heated model plate surface by baking and curing the molding material under the influence of a negative pressure on the back of the model plate.
  • the thickness of the shell depends on the curing time.
  • the desired thickness of the molding material shell has been reached, the entire arrangement is tilted by 180 °, the uncured molding material falling off the molding material shell under the action of gravity. Since such a molded material tray cannot withstand the casting pressure by itself, it is backfilled and compressed on the back with a conventional molded material.
  • the casting molds produced according to the known manufacturing processes have the advantage that extremely precise castings with very good surface properties can be produced. Furthermore, it is possible to produce casting molds of even strongly incised model contours, such as, for example, finned cylinders of internal combustion engines.
  • thermosetting molding material A major disadvantage of this manufacturing process that works with the thermosetting molding material is, however, the very unpleasant smoke and odor nuisance that arises during the curing of the molding material and also during pouring, which, despite complex extraction systems, makes the manufacturing process of the casting mold and the casting extremely difficult for personnel working in foundries and molding shops and moreover also represents a health burden for these operating personnel.
  • efforts are generally made to keep the amount of molding material to be kept as low as possible, which would also represent a considerable cost advantage with regard to the very expensive molding material.
  • this endeavor is limited by the fact that the molded material shell must have sufficient inherent stability and thus sufficient wall thickness so that it does not break when the model is removed from the model plate.
  • DE-A 2923044 provides for the hemisphere or truncated cone-shaped centering means to be formed in the parting plane of the upper and lower molds, which, however, is associated with additional manufacturing and thus also cost.
  • this object is achieved in that the model plates of the two lower and upper molds belonging together are connected with their active sides from one starting position by a coupled movement with one or each of a molding material storage container, that in a further workflow under the same process conditions, the two model plates heated to the curing temperature at the same time coated with thermosetting molding material and the shells are molded onto it, that after coating and molding the shells, both model plates are transported to a backfilling position by a coupled movement and that the molding material shells molded on both model plates are simultaneously backfilled with molding material using the same means.
  • the model plates can be connected to the molding material containers from a starting position determined by a same level, for example a horizontal starting position, and after the shell has been formed into a backfilling position determined by a same level, for example also a horizontal position. be transported.
  • the development of the method according to the invention is preferred in that the two model plates are connected to the molding material containers from a perpendicular starting position by a counter-rotating movement about a common pivot axis.
  • the model plates can rest against each other in the starting position with a vertical parting plane.
  • model plates, together with the molding material containers be brought into a molding material coating position by a coupled rotary movement about a common axis of rotation and be coated with molding material under the action of gravity and additionally under the action of a vacuum from an identical vacuum source.
  • the removal of the molding material is preferably carried out in an analogous manner in that the two model plates together with the molding material containers are brought from this coating position into a horizontal position by a coupled rotary movement, in which the uncured molding material is removed from both model plate surfaces simultaneously under the action of gravity.
  • the invention also includes a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • this device consists of a model plate coating device, in which model plates can be coated with a free-flowing, thermosetting molding material, and one shell can be formed on model plate surfaces, optionally with the additional action of a vacuum, from a backfilling device, in which the shells formed on the model plates are affected an air pressure difference, in particular a negative pressure, can be backfilled and from an optionally provided model plate conveyor system, and is characterized according to the invention in that the model plate coating device, the backfilling device and the model plate conveyor system are provided with means for simultaneously receiving the model plates of an associated upper and lower mold, in that Model plate coating device can simultaneously coat two associated model plates with molding material and the shells that can be molded onto them can be backfilled with molding material in the backfilling device at the same time, and that the associated model plates can be moved together in the transport position from the model plate coating device into the backfilling device.
  • the two model plates 1, 1 'with the model halves 2, 2' mounted thereon, forming the mold cavity are in the vertical starting position shown in FIG. 2, in which the model plates 1, 1 'lie against each other at the rear.
  • the model plates are guided at the top and bottom in the form of rails 3, 3 'holding members on which they can be moved horizontally from the model plate coating device A to the backfilling device B (FIG. 1).
  • the model plates 1, 1 ' are held by these rails 3, 3' in support frames 4, 4 ', which are pivoted about 90 ° parallel to the rails 3, 3' parallel pivot axes 5, 5 'by suitable drive means in a horizontal position can.
  • the pivoted-down position FIG.
  • the model plates 1, 1 ' which have already been heated up, lie with their active sides facing down tightly on a box-shaped sand container 6, 6', which is open only slightly above the outline of the models and which is suitable for the formation of mold shells contains a free-flowing, thermosetting molding material 7 of a known type.
  • the model plates 1, 1 'together with the molding material reservoirs 6,6' are turned by means of a drive 10 through a rotation through 180 ° about an axis of rotation 9 in which is also horizontal, but perpendicular to the pivot axes 5, 5 ' brought a molding material coating position (Fig.
  • the molding shell can be kept extraordinarily thin in the procedure according to the invention, only a few seconds are sufficient for the curing of the molding material, so that the two molding material reservoirs 6, 6 'together with the model plates 1, 1' lying against them practically immediately again by 180 ° around the axis of rotation 9 are brought into a horizontal position in which the uncured molding material falls back into the molding material storage containers 6, 6 'under the influence of gravity.
  • the model plates 1, 1', on which a thin molded material shell has been formed, which is still extremely plastic on the back by means of a counter-rotating movement from the horizontal position about the pivot axes 5, 5 'of the molded material storage containers removed and pivoted further into the vertical starting position.
  • the backfill material for example a wet casting sand
  • the filling frame is shot into the filling frame, which can advantageously also be done again by means of negative pressure, in particular if the model plates 1, 1 'are also equipped with suction nozzles and a vacuum connection for the molding material process, and by pushing in the pressure plates 12 , 12 'the filling frame 11, 11' mechanically post-compressed. Since the cycle times of these work stages are only a few seconds, so that the molded material trays are still plastic on the back when they are backfilled in the backfill station B, the injected and post-compressed molded material on the molded material tray connects to the back of the tray and reinforces it with a correspondingly thick layer of pollutant-free sand.
  • the two upright model plates 1, 1 ' are pushed back on the rails 3, 3 ' from the backfilling device B into the molding material coating station A and thus into the starting position and then, as is customary, provided with any cores. Then the mold halves, still held in the filling frame, pushed together, one of the two press plates swung out and with the other press plate acting as the press head, the closed, finished casting mold is pressed out of the filling frame. They connect to the previous mold blocks and are transported to the casting area.
  • the method according to the invention it is advantageously possible to apply an almost skin-thin mold shell in the molding material coating device A, because the shell stability required for the further molding and casting process is achieved by the intimate bonding with the adjacent backfill layer.
  • the consumption of synthetic resin-prepared molding material is reduced to a fraction of what was customary hitherto, and in this way a very considerable reduction in pollutant emissions is achieved by using phenol-resol products many times less.
  • considerable cost savings in terms of molding material consumption a reduction in the risk of thermal distortion and also a faster production process are achieved due to the cycle times that necessarily result.
  • the molding material coating device A has in detail a rectangular base frame 15, on which a bogie 17 with the axis of rotation 9 is mounted in bearing blocks 16, 16 ' , and is coupled to a rotary drive 10.
  • the two box-shaped molding material reservoirs 6, 6 ' are arranged at a distance from one another, each of which is divided by a sliding grate 8, 8', which is attached approximately in the upper third of the molding material reservoirs and closes the molding material reservoirs in the closed state at the top.
  • the two support frames 4, 4 ' are arranged, which about the horizontal, perpendicular to the axis of rotation 9 pivot axis 5, 5 ' by means of an indicated piston-cylinder unit by a coupled, opposite pivoting movement into a vertical and a horizontal Position can be pivoted.
  • the backfilling device B consists in particular of an upstanding machine stand, in the center of which is the molding space, in which the model plates 1, 1 'with the mold shells applied are inserted in a vertical position via connecting rails 13, 13' for backfilling.
  • the filling frames 11, 11 ' are provided for the lateral limitation of the backfilling space and can be closed via swiveling press plates 12, 12'.
  • One of the press plates is equipped with a long-stroke piston-cylinder drive 18, with which after completion of the two mold halves and closing of the mold, the entire mold bale can be pushed out of the filling frame 11, 11 'on one side and pushed further in the direction of the casting section.
  • the machine stand of the backfilling device B is advantageously designed as a hollow body and at the same time serves to supply the backfill material required in a substantial amount.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer aus Unterform und Oberform bestehenden Giessform mittels Modellplatten, bei dem aus einem rieselfähigen, warmaushärtendem Formstoff, gegebenenfalls unter Einwirkung eines Unterdruckes, an den auf Aushärtetemperatur erwärmbaren Modellplattenoberflächen eine Schale angeformt wird, die mit einem üblichen Formmaterial, insbesondere einem Nassgussformsand, gegebenenfalls unter Einwirkung einer Luftdruckdifferenz, insbesondere eines Unterdruckes, hinterfüllt wird.The invention relates to a method for producing a casting mold consisting of the lower mold and upper mold by means of model plates, in which a shell is formed from a free-flowing, thermosetting molding material, possibly under the influence of a vacuum, on the model plate surfaces, which can be heated to the curing temperature, using a conventional molding material , in particular a wet casting sand, optionally under the action of an air pressure difference, in particular a vacuum, is backfilled.

Ein derart gattungsgemässes Verfahren ist aus der DE-A 2916211, welche alle Merkmale des Oberbegriffes der Ansprüche 1 und 10 aufweist, bekannt. Hierbei wird auf eine schwenkbar gelagerte, beheizbare Modellplatte ein Formkasten aufgesetzt, mit einem rieselfähigen warmaushärtenden Formstoff beschichtet und unter Einwirkung eines an der Rückseite der Modellplatte anliegenden Unterdruckes durch Anbacken und Aushärten des Formstoffes an der erhitzten Modellplattenoberfläche eine Formstoffschale gebildet. Die Dicke der Schale ist hierbei abhängig von der Aushärtzeit. Ist die gewünschte Dicke der Formstoffschale erreicht, wird die gesamte Anordnung um 180° gekippt, wobei der nicht ausgehärtete Formstoff unter Einwirkung der Schwerkraft von der Formstoffschale abfällt. Da eine derartige Formstoffschale für sich allein dem Giessdruck nicht widerstehen kann, wird sie rückseitig mit einem üblichen Formmaterial hinterfüllt und verdichtet. Dies geschieht bei dem bekannten Verfahren in der Weise, dass die Modellplatte mitsamt dem Formkasten erneut um 180° gekippt und danach mit einem giessereiüblichen Formsand, z.B. Nassgussformsand, aufgefüllt wird, der wiederum durch Einwirken einer Druckdifferenz zwischen Modellplatte und Sandoberfläche verdichtet werden soll. Anschliessend wird der Formkasten mit der so entstandenen Giessform nach oben von der Modellplatte abgehoben, wobei das Abheben durch einen von der Modellplatte her auf die Maskenformfläche einwirkenden Überdruck unterstützt wird. Auf diese Weise ist allerdings nur eine Hälfte, d.h. entweder die Unter- oder die Oberform der Giessform hergestellt worden.Such a generic method is known from DE-A 2916211, which has all the features of the preamble of claims 1 and 10. Here, a molding box is placed on a swivel-mounted, heated model plate, coated with a free-flowing thermosetting molding material and a molding material shell is formed on the heated model plate surface by baking and curing the molding material under the influence of a negative pressure on the back of the model plate. The thickness of the shell depends on the curing time. When the desired thickness of the molding material shell has been reached, the entire arrangement is tilted by 180 °, the uncured molding material falling off the molding material shell under the action of gravity. Since such a molded material tray cannot withstand the casting pressure by itself, it is backfilled and compressed on the back with a conventional molded material. This takes place in the known method in such a way that the model plate together with the molding box is tilted again by 180 ° and then with a molding sand customary in the foundry, e.g. Wet casting sand, which is in turn to be compacted by the action of a pressure difference between the model plate and the sand surface. The mold box with the casting mold thus created is then lifted up off the model plate, the lifting being supported by an overpressure acting on the mask mold surface from the model plate. In this way, however, only one half, i.e. either the lower or the upper form of the casting mold has been produced.

Um diese Herstellungsweise zu beschleunigen, ist es aus der DE-A 2923044 bekannt, auf einem Modellplattenträger die beiden zusammengehörigen Modellplatten so anzubringen, dass die eine Modellplatte mit ihrer Wirkseite nach oben und die andere Modellplatte mit ihrer Wirkseite nach unten weist. Gegen die nach unten weisende Modellplatte wird ein darunter befindlicher Formstoffvorratsbehälter angehoben, dicht angepresst und unter Vakuumeinwirkung solange der Formstoff an die beheizte Modellplatte gesaugt, bis eine genügend dicke Formstoffschale ausgehärtet ist. Danach wird der Formstoffbehälter abgesenkt, der Modellplattenträger um 180° gedreht und in der gleichen Weise die zweite Hälfte der Giessform hergestellt. Die an den Modellplatten mit ihren Wirkseiten nach oben und unten weisenden Modellplatten werden über eine als Drehteller ausgebildete Modellplattenförderanlage in eine Hinterfülleinrichtung befördert, in der die ausgehärteten Formstoffschalen unter Vakuumeinwirkung hinterschossen werden.In order to accelerate this method of production, it is known from DE-A 2923044 to mount the two model plates that belong together on a model plate carrier in such a way that one model plate has its active side facing up and the other model plate has its active side facing down. A molding material reservoir located underneath is raised against the model plate facing downwards, pressed tightly and vacuumed until the molding material is sucked onto the heated model plate until a sufficiently thick molding material shell has hardened. Then the mold container is lowered, the model plate carrier is rotated by 180 ° and the second half of the mold is made in the same way. The model plates on the model plates with their active sides facing upwards and downwards are conveyed via a model plate conveyor system designed as a turntable into a backfilling device in which the hardened molded material shells are shot behind under the action of a vacuum.

Die nach den bekannten Herstellungsverfahren gefertigten Giessformen haben den Vorteil, dass äusserst massgenaue Abgüsse mit sehr guter Oberflächenbeschaffenheit erzeugt werden können. Weiterhin ist es möglich, Giessformen auch stark eingeschnittener Modellkonturen wie beispielsweise Rippenzylinder von Brennkraftmaschinen genau herzustellen.The casting molds produced according to the known manufacturing processes have the advantage that extremely precise castings with very good surface properties can be produced. Furthermore, it is possible to produce casting molds of even strongly incised model contours, such as, for example, finned cylinders of internal combustion engines.

Wesentlicher Nachteil dieser mit dem warmaushärtenden Formstoff arbeitenden Herstellungsverfahren ist jedoch die beim Aushärten des Formstoffes und auch beim Abgiessen entstehende sehr unangenehme Rauch- und Geruchsbelästigung, die auch trotz aufwendiger Absauganlagen den Herstellungsprozess der Giessform und desGussstückesfürdas in Giessereien und Formereien tätige Personal ausserordentlich erschwert und darüber hinaus auch eine Gesundheitsbelastung dieses Bedienungspersonals darstellt. Um die Rauch- und Geruchsbelästigung zu mindern, ist man zwar grundsätzlich bestrebt, die Menge des einzusetzenden Formstoffes möglichst gering zu halten, was darüber hinaus auch einen erheblichen Kostenvorteil im Hinblick auf das sehr teure Formstoffmaterial darstellen würde. Diesem Bestreben sind jedoch dadurch Grenzen gesetzt, dass die Formstoffschale eine genügende Eigenstabilität und somit eine ausreichende Wandstärke besitzen muss, um beim Entfernen des Modells von der Modellplatte nicht zu brechen. Diese Gefahr besteht selbst dann, wenn die Formstoffschalen mit Formmaterial hinterpresst sind, da es durchaus vorkommen kann, dass sich beim Abziehen der fertigen Formhälfte von der Modellplatte die Formstoffschale von der Hinterfüllung löst. Ein weiterer Nachteil der bekannten Verfahren besteht zudem noch darin, dass durch die verfahrensbedingten unterschiedlichen Verweilzeiten des warmaushärtenden Formstoffes an den erwärmten Modellplatten der Ober- und Unterform bis zur endgültigen Fertigstellung der Giessform ein thermischer Verzug der Giessform beim Abgiessen möglich ist. Um diesem entgegenzutreten, sieht beispielsweise die DE-A 2923044 vor, in die Teilungsebene der Ober- und Unterform halbkugel- oder kegelstumpfförmige Zentriermittel einzuformen, was allerdings mit einem zusätzlichen Herstellungs- und somit auch Kostenaufwand verbunden ist.A major disadvantage of this manufacturing process that works with the thermosetting molding material is, however, the very unpleasant smoke and odor nuisance that arises during the curing of the molding material and also during pouring, which, despite complex extraction systems, makes the manufacturing process of the casting mold and the casting extremely difficult for personnel working in foundries and molding shops and moreover also represents a health burden for these operating personnel. In order to reduce the nuisance of smoke and odors, efforts are generally made to keep the amount of molding material to be kept as low as possible, which would also represent a considerable cost advantage with regard to the very expensive molding material. However, this endeavor is limited by the fact that the molded material shell must have sufficient inherent stability and thus sufficient wall thickness so that it does not break when the model is removed from the model plate. This danger exists even if the molding material shells are pressed back with molding material, since it can happen that the molding material shell detaches from the backfill when the finished mold half is pulled off the model plate. Another disadvantage of the known methods is that the process-related different dwell times of the thermosetting molding material on the heated model plates of the upper and lower molds until the casting mold is finally finished can cause the mold to be thermally warped during casting. To counteract this, DE-A 2923044, for example, provides for the hemisphere or truncated cone-shaped centering means to be formed in the parting plane of the upper and lower molds, which, however, is associated with additional manufacturing and thus also cost.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein gattungsgemässes Verfahren unter Vermeidung der beschriebenen Nachteile zu verbessern und somit die beim Herstellungsprozess auftretende Rauch- und Geruchsbelästigung zu verringern und weiterhin einen thermischen Verzug der Giessform auf einfache Weise zu vermeiden, wobei ein möglichst schneller Verfahrensablauf gewährleistet sein soll.It is therefore an object of the present invention to improve a generic method while avoiding the disadvantages described and thus to reduce the nuisance of smoke and odors occurring during the manufacturing process and also to avoid thermal distortion of the mold in a simple manner the, whereby the fastest possible procedure should be guaranteed.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass die Modellplatten der beiden zusammengehörigen Unter- und Oberformen aus einer Ausgangsstellung durch eine gekoppelte Bewegung mit ihren Wirkseiten mit einem oder je einem Formstoffvorratsbehälter verbunden werden, dass in einem weiteren Arbeitsablauf unter gleichen Verfahrensbedingungen die beiden auf Aushärtetemperatur erwärmten Modellplatten gleichzeitig mit warmaushärtendem Formstoff beschichtet und an diesen die Schalen angeformt werden, dass beide Modellplatten nach dem Beschichten und Anformen der Schalen durch eine gekoppelte Bewegung in eine Hinterfüllstellung transportiert werden und dass die an beiden Modellplatten angeformten Formstoffschalen gleichzeitig mit Hilfe gleichwirkender Mittel mit Formmaterial hinterfüllt werden.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the model plates of the two lower and upper molds belonging together are connected with their active sides from one starting position by a coupled movement with one or each of a molding material storage container, that in a further workflow under the same process conditions, the two model plates heated to the curing temperature at the same time coated with thermosetting molding material and the shells are molded onto it, that after coating and molding the shells, both model plates are transported to a backfilling position by a coupled movement and that the molding material shells molded on both model plates are simultaneously backfilled with molding material using the same means.

Hierdurch ist es in vorteilhafter Weise möglich, wesentliche Mengen von einzusetzendem Formstoff einzusparen, wodurch die Rauch- und Geruchsbelästigung und daneben auch Kosten für das Formstoffmaterial verringert werden können. Dies ist insbesondere darauf zurückzuführen, dass beide Formstoffschalen aufgrund der identischen Verfahrensparameter, z.B. gleiche Verweilzeit an den auf Aushärtetemperatur erwärmten Modellplatten und somit gleiche Aushärtezeit der Formstoffschale bis zum Hinterfüllvorgang, mit gleicher Plastizität und Haftfähigkeit der Formstoffschale mit dem Formmaterial praktisch direkt nach dem Anformen der Formstoffschale mit dem Formmaterial hinterfüllt werden, so dass sich das Formmaterial mit der rückseitigen und noch nicht vollständig ausgehärteten Formschale regelrecht verklebt, so dass dieses mit dem Formstoff verklebte Formmaterial als Bestandteil der ausgehärteten Formstoffschale anzusehen ist und somit einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Tragfähigkeit dieser Formstoffmaske liefert. Hierdurch kann dieser entsprechende Anteil an schadstoffverursachendem Formstoff eingespart werden und somit mit einer sehr viel geringeren Formstoffmenge eine Formstoffmaske mit einer Festigkeit erreicht werden, die bei dem bisherigen Herstellungsverfahren nur mit vielfach dickeren Formstoffschalen möglich sind. Da die zusammengehörigen Unter- und Oberformen erfindungsgemäss gleichzeitig unter gleichen Bedingungen hergestellt werden und somit die bei den bekannten Verfahren unvermeidbar auftretenden unterschiedlichen Aushärtezeiten bzw. Wartezeiten nicht vorhanden sind, ist ein thermischer Verzug der fertigen Giessform praktisch ausgeschlossen.As a result, it is advantageously possible to save substantial amounts of molding material to be used, as a result of which the nuisance of smoke and odors and also costs for the molding material can be reduced. This is due in particular to the fact that both molded material shells, owing to the identical process parameters, e.g. the same dwell time on the model plates heated to the curing temperature and thus the same curing time of the molding shell until the backfilling process, with the same plasticity and adhesion of the molding shell with the molding material practically directly after the molding of the molding shell with the molding material, so that the molding material with the back and not yet fully cured molded shell, so that this molded material glued to the molded material is to be regarded as part of the cured molded plastic shell and thus makes a significant contribution to the load-bearing capacity of this molded material mask. In this way, this corresponding proportion of pollutant-causing molding material can be saved and a molding mask with a strength can be achieved with a much smaller amount of molding material, which in the previous manufacturing process is only possible with much thicker molding material shells. Since the associated lower and upper molds are produced according to the invention simultaneously under the same conditions and thus the different curing times or waiting times which are unavoidable in the known processes are not present, thermal distortion of the finished casting mold is practically impossible.

Die Modellplatten können, wie in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, aus einer durch eine gleiche Ebene bestimmte Ausgangsstellung, beispielsweise eine waagerechte Ausgangsstellung, mit den Formstoffvorratsbehältern verbunden und nach dem Anformen der Schale in eine durch eine gleiche Ebene bestimmte Hinterfüllstellung, beispielsweise ebenfalls eine waagerechte Stellung, transportiert werden. Bevorzugt wird aber die Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens, dass die beiden Modellplatten aus einer lotrechten Ausgangsstellung durch eine gegensinnige Schwenkbewegung um eine gemeinsame Schwenkachse mit den Formstoffvorratsbehältern verbunden werden. Hierbei können die Modellplatten in der Ausgangsstellung rückseitig mit lotrechter Teilu ngsebene aneinanderliegen.As proposed in an embodiment of the invention, the model plates can be connected to the molding material containers from a starting position determined by a same level, for example a horizontal starting position, and after the shell has been formed into a backfilling position determined by a same level, for example also a horizontal position. be transported. However, the development of the method according to the invention is preferred in that the two model plates are connected to the molding material containers from a perpendicular starting position by a counter-rotating movement about a common pivot axis. Here, the model plates can rest against each other in the starting position with a vertical parting plane.

Weiterhin wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Modellplatten mitsamt den Formstoffvorratsbehältern durch eine gekoppelte Drehbewegung um eine gemeinsame Drehachse in eine Formstoffbeschichtungsstellung gebracht werden und unter der Einwirkung der Schwerkraft und zusätzlich unter der Einwirkung eines Unterdruckes einer gleichen Unterdruckquelle mit Formstoff beschichtet werden. Die Entfernung des Formstoffes geschieht bevorzugt in analoger Weise, indem die beiden Modellplatten mitsamt den Formstoffvorratsbehältern aus dieser Beschichtungsstellung durch eine gekoppelte Drehbewegung in eine Horizontalstellung gebracht werden, in der der nicht ausgehärtete Formstoff von beiden Modellplattenoberflächen unter Einwirkung der Schwerkraft gleichzeitig entfernt wird.It is further proposed that the model plates, together with the molding material containers, be brought into a molding material coating position by a coupled rotary movement about a common axis of rotation and be coated with molding material under the action of gravity and additionally under the action of a vacuum from an identical vacuum source. The removal of the molding material is preferably carried out in an analogous manner in that the two model plates together with the molding material containers are brought from this coating position into a horizontal position by a coupled rotary movement, in which the uncured molding material is removed from both model plate surfaces simultaneously under the action of gravity.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausbildungen des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 7 bis 9.Further advantageous developments of the method according to the invention are the subject of claims 7 to 9.

Die Erfindung beinhaltet ausserdem eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens. Diese Vorrichtung besteht, wie bekannt, aus einer Modellplattenbeschichtungseinrichtung, in der Modellplatten mit einem rieselfähigen warmaushärtendem Formstoff beschichtbar sind und an Modellplattenoberflächen gegebenenfalls unter zusätzlicher Einwirkung eines Unterdruckes je eine Schale anformbar ist, aus einer Hinterfülleinrichtung, in der die an den Modellplatten angeformten Schalen unter Einwirkung einer Luftdruckdifferenz, insbesondere eines Unterdruckes, hinterfüllbar sind und aus einer gegebenenfalls vorgesehenen Modellplattenförderanlage, und ist erfindungsgemäss dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Modellplattenbeschichtungseinrichtung, die Hinterfülleinrichtung und die Modellplattenförderanlage mit Mitteln zur gleichzeitigen Aufnahme der Modellplatten einer zusammengehörigen Ober- und Unterform versehen sind, dass in der Modellplattenbeschichtungseinrichtung gleichzeitig zwei zusammengehörige Modellplatten mit Formstoff beschichtbar und an diesen die Schalen anformbar sind, die in der Hinterfülleinrichtung gleichzeitig mit Formmaterial hinterfüllbar sind, und dass die zusammengehörigen Modellplatten gemeinsam in paralleler Transportstellung von der Modellplattenbeschichtungseinrichtung in die Hinterfülleinrichtung bewegbar sind.The invention also includes a device for carrying out the method according to the invention. As is known, this device consists of a model plate coating device, in which model plates can be coated with a free-flowing, thermosetting molding material, and one shell can be formed on model plate surfaces, optionally with the additional action of a vacuum, from a backfilling device, in which the shells formed on the model plates are affected an air pressure difference, in particular a negative pressure, can be backfilled and from an optionally provided model plate conveyor system, and is characterized according to the invention in that the model plate coating device, the backfilling device and the model plate conveyor system are provided with means for simultaneously receiving the model plates of an associated upper and lower mold, in that Model plate coating device can simultaneously coat two associated model plates with molding material and the shells that can be molded onto them can be backfilled with molding material in the backfilling device at the same time, and that the associated model plates can be moved together in the transport position from the model plate coating device into the backfilling device.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung sind in den Ansprüchen 10 bis 18 angegeben, die in Zusammenhang mit der nachfolgenden Zeichnungsbeschreibung näher verdeutlicht werden. Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird deshalb auf die Zeichnungen verwiesen, in denen ein Ausführungsbeispiel vereinfacht dargestellt ist. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung mit der Formstoffbeschichtungseinrichtung (A) und der Hinterfülleinrichtung (B);
  • Fig. 2 in einer schematischen Vorderansicht die erfindungsgemässe Modellplattenbeschichtungseinrichtung (A) mit den Modellplatten in der Ausgangsstellung;
  • Fig.3 eine zu Fig.2 analoge Darstellung der Modellplattenbeschichtungseinrichtung (A), in der die Modellplatten mit den Formstoffvorratsbehältern verbunden sind;
  • Fig.4 die Modellplattenbeschichtungseinrichtung (A) in der Formstoffbeschichtungsstellung;
  • Fig. 5 eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemässen Hinterfülleinrichtung (B).
Advantageous developments and refinements of the device according to the invention are specified in claims 10 to 18, which are clarified in connection with the following description of the drawings. To further explain the invention, reference is therefore made to the drawings, in which an exemplary embodiment is shown in simplified form. Show it:
  • 1 shows a schematic side view of a device according to the invention with the molding material coating device (A) and the backfilling device (B);
  • 2 shows a schematic front view of the model plate coating device (A) according to the invention with the model plates in the starting position;
  • 3 shows a representation of the model plate coating device (A) analogous to FIG. 2, in which the model plates are connected to the molding material storage containers;
  • 4 shows the model plate coating device (A) in the molding material coating position;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the backfilling device (B) according to the invention.

In den Figuren sind grundsätzlich gleichwirkende Teile mit gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen. Bevor die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung im einzelnen näher erläutert wird, soll vorab die erfindungsgemässe Verfahrensweise verdeutlicht werden.In the figures, parts that have the same effect are generally provided with the same reference numbers. Before the device according to the invention is explained in detail, the procedure according to the invention should be clarified in advance.

In der Modellplattenbeschichtungseinrichtung A befinden sich die beiden Modellplatten 1, 1' mit den darauf montierten, den Formhohlraum abbildenden Modellhälften 2, 2' in der in Fig. 2 gezeigten lotrechten Ausgangsstellung, in der die Modellplatten 1, 1' rückwärtig aneinanderliegen. Die Modellplatten sind oben und unten in als Schienen 3, 3' ausgebildeten Haltegliedern geführt, auf denen sie horizontal von der Modellplattenbeschichtungseinrichtung A zur Hinterfülleinrichtung B verschoben werden können (Fig. 1). Die Modellplatten 1, 1' sind über diese Schienen 3, 3' in Tragrahmen 4, 4' gehalten, die um zu den Schienen 3, 3' parallele Schwenkachsen 5, 5' durch geeignete Antriebsmittel gegensinnig um 90° in eine horizontale Lage verschwenkt werden können. In der abgeschwenkten Stellung (Fig. 3) liegen die bereits aufgeheizten Modellplatten 1, 1' mit ihren Wirkseiten nach unten weisend dicht auf je einem kastenförmigen, nach oben nur wenig über den Umriss der Modelle hinaus offengehaltenen Sandbehälter 6, 6' auf, der für die Bildung von Formstoffschalen einen rieselfähigen, warmaushärtenden Formstoff 7 bekannter Art enthält. Aus der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Horizontalstellung werden die Modellplatten 1, 1' mitsamt den Formstoffvorratsbehältern 6,6' mittels eines Antriebes 10 durch eine Drehung um 180° um eine ebenfalls horizontale, jedoch rechtwinklig zu den Schwenkachsen 5, 5' verlaufende Drehachse 9 in eine Formstoffbeschichtungsstellung gebracht (Fig. 4), so dass nun die Formstoffvorratsbehälter 6, 6' auf den Modellplatten 1, 1'liegen und die Modellplatten 1, 11 gleichzeitig in einem parallelen Arbeitsablauf unter gleichen Verfahrensbedingungen mit dem warmaushärtenden Formstoff beschichtet werden, wobei zusätzlich durch ein an sich bekanntes Anlegen eines Vakuums der aufgeschüttete Formstoff an den Modellplattenoberflächen verdichtet werden kann. Die eingestellte Aufheiztemperatur der Modellplatten 1, 1' und die Einwirkzeit des Druckes auf die Formstoffschüttung sind für die Dicke der durch Aushärten des Formstoffes entstehende Formstoffschale massgebend. Da bei der erfindungsgemässen Verfahrensweise die Formstoffschale ausserordentlich dünn gehalten werden kann, genügen für die Formstoffaushärtung nur wenige Sekunden, so dass die beiden Formstoffvorratsbehälter 6, 6' mitsamt den von unten anliegenden Modellplatten 1, 1' praktisch sofort wieder um 180° um die Drehachse 9 in eine Horizontalstellung gebracht werden, in der der nicht ausgehärtete Formstoff in die Formstoffvorratsbehälter 6, 6' unter Einwirkung der Schwerkraft zurückfällt. Daraufhin werden mittels der beiden Tragrahmen 4, 4' die Modellplatten 1, 1', auf denen sich eine dünne Formstoffschale ausgebildet hat, die rückseitig noch ausserordentlich plastisch ist, durch eine gegensinnige Schwenkbewegung aus der Horizontalstellung um die Schwenkachsen 5, 5' von den Formstoffvorratsbehältern entfernt und weiter in die lotrechte Ausgangsstellung geschwenkt. In dieser lotrechten Ausgangsstellung werden die Modellplatten 1, 1' im sofort anschliessenden Arbeitstakt gemeinsam auf den Schienen 3, 3' von der Modellplattenbeschichtungseinrichtung A in die Hinterfülleinrichtung B verschoben (Fig. 1), wobei eine ebenfalls mit Anschlussschienen ausgerüstete Modellplattenförderanlage zwischengeschaltet sein kann. Wenn die Modellplatten 1, 11 mit den darauf befindlichen Formstoffschalen in der Hintereinfülleinrichtung B positioniert sind, werden zur seitlichen Begrenzung eines Hinterfüllraumes von beiden Seiten Füllrahmen 11, 11' gegen die Modellplatten 1,1' gefahren (Fig. 5). Die rückseitig offenen Seitenflächen der Füllrahmen 11, 11' werden durch Pressplatten 12, 12' abgedeckt. Nun wird das Hinterfüllmaterial, beispielsweise ein Nassgussformsand, in die Füllrahmen eingeschossen, was vorteilhaft ebenfalls wieder mittels Unterdruck erfolgen kann, insbesondere, wenn die Modellplatten 1, 1' auch für den Formstoffbeschichtungsvorgang schon mit Absaugdüsen und Vakuumanschluss ausgestattet sind, und durch Einschieben der Pressplatten 12, 12' die Füllrahmen 11, 11' mechanisch nachverdichtet. Da die Taktzeiten dieser Arbeitsstufen nur wenige Sekunden betragen, so dass die Formstoffschalen noch rückseitig plastisch sind, wenn sie in der Hinterfüllstation B hinterfüllt werden, verbindet sich das an der Formstoffschale anliegende eingeschossene und nachverdichtete Formmaterial mit der Schalenrückseite und verstärkt diese durch eine entsprechend dicke Schicht von schadstofffreiem Sand. Auf diese Weise wird nicht nur eine Erhöhung der Festigkeit der hauchdünnen Formstoffschale sondern vor allem auch ein homogener Verbund von Formstoffschalenrückseite und anliegendem Hinterfüllmaterial erzielt, so dass die Gefahr des Ablösens der Formstoffschale vom Hinterfüllblock beim Abheben der Formhälfte von der Modellplatte wesentlich verringert ist. Schliesslich hat es sich gezeigt, dass dabei auch noch die Formgenauigkeit erhöht wird, weil durch das Einschiessen und Nachverdichten des Hintefüllmaterials bei noch vorhandener Plastizität der Schale die Modellkonturen nachgeprägt werden. Nach dem Hinterfüllvorgang werden die Füllrahmen 11, 11' mit den beiden Formhälften von den Modellplatten 1, 1' abgezogen, wobei zum sicheren Ablösen der Formstoffschalen von den Modellkonturen bekanntermassen ein Druckstoss durch die Modellplatte hindurch auf die Formstoffschale ausgeübt werden kann. Sind die Hälften getrennt, werden die beiden aufrecht stehenden Modellplatten 1, 1' wieder auf den Schienen 3, 3' von der Hinterfülleinrichtung B in die Formstoffbeschichtungsstation A und somit in die Ausgangsstellung zurückgeschoben und danach wie allgemein üblich mit etwaigen Kernen versehen. Danach werden die Formhälften, immer noch in den Füllrahmen gehalten, aneinandergeschoben, eine der beiden Pressplatten ausgeschwenkt und mit der anderen, als Presshaupt fungierenden Pressplatte die geschlossene, fertige Giessform aus den Füllrahmen herausgedrückt. Sie schliessen sich an die vorherigen Formblöcke an und werden in den Giessbereich transportiert.In the model plate coating device A, the two model plates 1, 1 'with the model halves 2, 2' mounted thereon, forming the mold cavity, are in the vertical starting position shown in FIG. 2, in which the model plates 1, 1 'lie against each other at the rear. The model plates are guided at the top and bottom in the form of rails 3, 3 'holding members on which they can be moved horizontally from the model plate coating device A to the backfilling device B (FIG. 1). The model plates 1, 1 'are held by these rails 3, 3' in support frames 4, 4 ', which are pivoted about 90 ° parallel to the rails 3, 3' parallel pivot axes 5, 5 'by suitable drive means in a horizontal position can. In the pivoted-down position (FIG. 3), the model plates 1, 1 ', which have already been heated up, lie with their active sides facing down tightly on a box-shaped sand container 6, 6', which is open only slightly above the outline of the models and which is suitable for the formation of mold shells contains a free-flowing, thermosetting molding material 7 of a known type. From the horizontal position shown in FIG. 3, the model plates 1, 1 'together with the molding material reservoirs 6,6' are turned by means of a drive 10 through a rotation through 180 ° about an axis of rotation 9 in which is also horizontal, but perpendicular to the pivot axes 5, 5 ' brought a molding material coating position (Fig. 4), so that now the molding material storage containers 6, 6 'lie on the model plates 1, 1' and the model plates 1, 1 1 are simultaneously coated in a parallel workflow under the same process conditions with the thermosetting molding material, with additional the heaped molding material on the model plate surfaces can be compressed by applying a vacuum, which is known per se. The set heating temperature of the model plates 1, 1 'and the time at which the pressure acts on the molding material bed are decisive for the thickness of the molding material shell resulting from the curing of the molding material. Since the molding shell can be kept extraordinarily thin in the procedure according to the invention, only a few seconds are sufficient for the curing of the molding material, so that the two molding material reservoirs 6, 6 'together with the model plates 1, 1' lying against them practically immediately again by 180 ° around the axis of rotation 9 are brought into a horizontal position in which the uncured molding material falls back into the molding material storage containers 6, 6 'under the influence of gravity. Thereupon, by means of the two supporting frames 4, 4 ', the model plates 1, 1', on which a thin molded material shell has been formed, which is still extremely plastic on the back, by means of a counter-rotating movement from the horizontal position about the pivot axes 5, 5 'of the molded material storage containers removed and pivoted further into the vertical starting position. In this perpendicular starting position, the model plates 1, 1 'are moved together on the rails 3, 3' from the model plate coating device A into the backfilling device B in the immediately following working cycle (FIG. 1), a model plate conveyor system likewise equipped with connecting rails being able to be interposed. If the model plates 1, are positioned with the molding material thereon shells in the Hintereinfülleinrichtung B 1 1, to the lateral boundary of a Hinterfüllraumes from both sides of the filling frame 11, 11 'against the mounting plates 1,1' driven (Fig. 5). The rear open side surfaces of the filling frame 11, 11 'are covered by press plates 12, 12'. Now the backfill material, for example a wet casting sand, is shot into the filling frame, which can advantageously also be done again by means of negative pressure, in particular if the model plates 1, 1 'are also equipped with suction nozzles and a vacuum connection for the molding material process, and by pushing in the pressure plates 12 , 12 'the filling frame 11, 11' mechanically post-compressed. Since the cycle times of these work stages are only a few seconds, so that the molded material trays are still plastic on the back when they are backfilled in the backfill station B, the injected and post-compressed molded material on the molded material tray connects to the back of the tray and reinforces it with a correspondingly thick layer of pollutant-free sand. In this way, not only an increase in the strength of the wafer-thin mold shell but also, above all, a homogeneous bond between the rear of the mold shell and the adjacent backfill material is achieved, so that the risk of the mold coming off fabric shell from the backfill block when lifting the mold half from the model plate is significantly reduced Finally, it has been shown that the shape accuracy is also increased, because the injection of the backfilling material and the plasticity of the shell still reshapes the model contours. After the backfilling process, the filling frames 11, 11 'with the two mold halves are withdrawn from the model plates 1, 1 ' , it being known that a pressure surge through the model plate can be exerted on the mold shell to safely detach the mold shells from the model contours. If the halves are separated, the two upright model plates 1, 1 'are pushed back on the rails 3, 3 ' from the backfilling device B into the molding material coating station A and thus into the starting position and then, as is customary, provided with any cores. Then the mold halves, still held in the filling frame, pushed together, one of the two press plates swung out and with the other press plate acting as the press head, the closed, finished casting mold is pressed out of the filling frame. They connect to the previous mold blocks and are transported to the casting area.

Mit dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren wird es in vorteilhafter Weise möglich, in der Formstoffbeschichtungseinrichtung A eine nahezu hautdünne Formstoffschale aufzubringen, weil die für den weiteren Abform- und Giessvorgang notwendigen Schalenstabilität durch die innige Verklebung mit der anliegenden Hinterfüllschicht erreicht wird. Hierdurch wird der Verbrauch von kunstharzpräpariertem Formstoff auf einen Bruchteil des bisher üblichen reduziert und auf diese Weise eine ganz erhebliche Verringerung der Schadstoffemission durch einen um ein vielfaches geringeren Einsatz von Phenol-Resol-Produkten bewirkt. Ausser der in erster Linie angestrebten Verbesserungen der Arbeitsbedingungen wird gleichzeitig eine beachtliche Kostenersparnis bezüglich des Formstoffverbrauches, eine Verringerung der Gefahr des thermischen Verzuges und auch ein schnellerer Fertigungsablauf infolge der notwendigerweise sich ergebenden Taktzeiten erzielt.With the method according to the invention, it is advantageously possible to apply an almost skin-thin mold shell in the molding material coating device A, because the shell stability required for the further molding and casting process is achieved by the intimate bonding with the adjacent backfill layer. As a result, the consumption of synthetic resin-prepared molding material is reduced to a fraction of what was customary hitherto, and in this way a very considerable reduction in pollutant emissions is achieved by using phenol-resol products many times less. In addition to the primarily aimed improvements in working conditions, considerable cost savings in terms of molding material consumption, a reduction in the risk of thermal distortion and also a faster production process are achieved due to the cycle times that necessarily result.

Die erfindungsgemässe Formstoffbeschichtungseinrichtung A weist im einzelnen einen im Grundriss rechteckigen Grundrahmen 15 auf, an dem in endseitig aufragenden Lagerböcken 16, 16' ein Drehgestell 17 mit der Drehachse 9 gelagert und mit einem Drehantrieb 10 gekoppelt ist. Auf dem Drehgestell 17 sind in einem Abstand voneinander die beiden kastenförmigen Formstoffvorratsbehälter 6, 6' angeordnet, die jeweils durch einen Schieberost 8, 8', der etwa im oberen Drittel der Formstoffvorratsbehälter angebracht ist und im geschlossenen Zustand die Formstoffvorratsbehälter nach oben verschliesst, unterteilt. Zum Öffnen und Schliessen der Schieberoste 8, 8' dient eine horizontal in Grundrahmen 15 verlaufende Schubstange 19, die unter Federdruck steht und zwar in der Weise, dass die Schieberoste 8, 8' während der Drehbewegung des Drehgestells 17 einen geschlossenen Zwischenboden bilden und nur in der oberen und unteren Drehlage geöffnet sind. Für das Öffnen der Schieberoste 8, 8' zu den vorgesehenen Zeitpunkten in der unteren und oberen Lage der Formstoffvorratsbehälter 6, 6' sind an einem Lagerbock 16 des Grundrahmens 15 Auflaufnokken 14 vorgesehen, durch die die Schubstange 19 betätigt und die Schieberoste in den beiden Endlagen offengehalten werden. In der Mitte des Drehgestells 17 sind die beiden Tragrahmen-4, 4' angeordnet, die um die horizontale, rechtwinklig zur Drehachse 9 liegende Schwenkachse 5, 5' mittels eines angedeuteten Kolben-Zylinderaggregates durch eine gekoppelte, gegensinnige Schwenkbewegung in eine lotrechte und eine waagerechte Stellung verschwenkt werden können.The molding material coating device A according to the invention has in detail a rectangular base frame 15, on which a bogie 17 with the axis of rotation 9 is mounted in bearing blocks 16, 16 ' , and is coupled to a rotary drive 10. On the bogie 17, the two box-shaped molding material reservoirs 6, 6 'are arranged at a distance from one another, each of which is divided by a sliding grate 8, 8', which is attached approximately in the upper third of the molding material reservoirs and closes the molding material reservoirs in the closed state at the top. To open and close the sliding grates 8, 8 'is used a horizontally extending in the base frame 15 push rod 19 which is under spring pressure in such a way that the sliding grids 8, 8' form a closed intermediate floor during the rotary movement of the bogie 17 and only in the upper and lower rotary positions are open. To open the sliding grates 8, 8 ' at the intended times in the lower and upper position of the molded material storage containers 6, 6', 15 cams 14 are provided on a bearing block 16 of the base frame, through which the push rod 19 is actuated and the sliding grids in the two end positions be kept open. In the middle of the bogie 17, the two support frames 4, 4 'are arranged, which about the horizontal, perpendicular to the axis of rotation 9 pivot axis 5, 5 ' by means of an indicated piston-cylinder unit by a coupled, opposite pivoting movement into a vertical and a horizontal Position can be pivoted.

Die erfindungsgemässe Hinterfülleinrichtung B besteht im einzelnen aus einem aufragenden Maschinenständer, in dessen Mitte sich der Formraum befindet, in der die Modellplatten 1, 1' mit den aufgebrachten Formstoffschalen in lotrechter Stellung über Anschlussschienen 13, 13' zum Hinterfüllen eingefahren werden. Zur seitlichen Begrenzung des Hinterfüllraumes sind die Füllrahmen 11, 11' vorgesehen, die über einschwenkbare Pressplatten 12, 12' verschliessbar sind. Eine der Pressplatten ist mit einem langhubigen Kolben-Zylinderantrieb 18 ausgestattet, mit dem nach Fertigstellung der beiden Giessformhälften und Schliessen der Form der gesamte Formballen nach einer Seite aus den Füllrahmen 11, 11' herausgedrückt und in Richtung Giessstrecke weitergeschoben werden kann. Der Maschinenständer der Hinterfülleinrichtung B ist in vorteilhafter Weise als Hohlkörper ausgebildet und dient gleichzeitig zum Zuführen des in erheblicher Menge benötigten Hinterfüllmaterials.The backfilling device B according to the invention consists in particular of an upstanding machine stand, in the center of which is the molding space, in which the model plates 1, 1 'with the mold shells applied are inserted in a vertical position via connecting rails 13, 13' for backfilling. The filling frames 11, 11 'are provided for the lateral limitation of the backfilling space and can be closed via swiveling press plates 12, 12'. One of the press plates is equipped with a long-stroke piston-cylinder drive 18, with which after completion of the two mold halves and closing of the mold, the entire mold bale can be pushed out of the filling frame 11, 11 'on one side and pushed further in the direction of the casting section. The machine stand of the backfilling device B is advantageously designed as a hollow body and at the same time serves to supply the backfill material required in a substantial amount.

Claims (18)

1. A process for the production of a casting mould formed of a lower mould part and an upper mould part by means of pattern plates (1, 1'), wherein a shell is formed from a fluid thermo-setting mould material (7, 7'), possibly under the action of a negative pressure, on the pattern plate surfaces which are heatable to a setting temperature, which shell is back-filled with an ordinary mould material, especially a green mould and, possibly, with the action of an air pressure difference and, especially, a negative pressure, characterised in that the pattern plates (1, 1') of the two complementary lower and upper moulds are connected, from an initial position, by a coupled movement with their effective sides to a mould material reservoir or to a respective mould material reservoir (6, 6'), that, in a further working course under the same process conditions, the two pattern plates (1, 1') heated to setting temperature are simultaneously coated with thermosetting mould material (7, 7') and the shells are formed on these, that the two pattern plates (1, 1'), after the coating and forming-on of the shells, are transported by a coupled movement into a backfilling position, and that the mould material shells formed on the two pattern plates (1, 1') are simultaneously backfilled with mould material with the aid of means of like action.
2. A process according to claim 1, characterised in that the pattern plates (1,1') are connected, out of an initial position in one and the same plane, with the mould material reservoir or reservoirs (6, 6') and are transported, after the forming-on of the shells, into a backfilling position in one and the same plane.
3. A process according to either one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the pattern plates (1, 1') lie with their backs against one another in the initial position and the backfilling position.
4. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the two pattern plates (1, 1') are connected, out of a vertical initial position, with the mould material reservoirs (6, 6') by a contrary pivoting movement about horizontal pivot axes (5, 5').
5. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the pattern plates (1, 1'), together with the mould material reservoirs (6, 6'), are brought by a coupled rotating movement about a common axis (9) of rotation into a mould material coating position and are simultaneously coated with mould material under the action of the force of gravity and, possibly, additionally under the action of a negative pressure of one and the same negative pressure source.
6. A process according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the two pattern plates (1, 1'), together with the moulding material reservoirs (6, 6'), are brought out of the coating position by a coupled rotating movement about the common axis (9) of rotation into a horizontal position in which the unset mould material is removed simultaneously from both pattern plate surfaces (1,1').
7. A process according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the two pattern plates (1, 1') are removed out of the horizontal position from the mould material reservoir by a contrary pivoting movement about the horizontal pivot axes (5, 5').
8. A process according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the pattern plates (1,1') in a vertical backfilling position are each coverable with a mould-filling frame (11, 11') for the lateral limitation of a backfilling chamber, and the backfilling chamber is closable in each case by a presser plate (12, 12').
9. A process according to any preceding claim, characterised in that, in the vertical backfilling position of the pattern plates (1, 1'), the mould material is injected by means of negative pressure and is re-compacted by mechanical pressure.
10. Apparatus for carrying out the process according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a pattern plate coating device (A) wherein pattern plates (1,1') are coatable with a fluid thermo-setting mould material (7) and a shell is formable on each of the surfaces of the pattern plates (1, 1'), possibly with the additional action of a negative pressure, a backfilling device (B) in which the shells formed on the pattern plates (1, 1') are backfillable, possibly under the action of an air pressure difference and especially a negative pressure, and possibly of a pattern plate conveyor installation connecting the pattern plate coating device (A) and the backfilling device (B), characterised in that the pattern plate coating device (A), the backfilling device (B) and the pattern plate conveying installation are provided with means (3, 31, 13,131) for the simultaneous reception of the pattern plates (1, 1') of complementary upper and lower moulds, that the pattern plate coating device (A) has a pivot mounting (17) mounted rotatably about a horizontal pivot axis (9), which mounting is provided with two mould material reservoirs (6, 6'), and two carrier frames (4, 4') pivotable about a horizontal axis or respective horizontal axes (5,5') for the reception of two associated pattern plates (1, 1'), and that, after an oppositely-directed pivoting movement of the carrier frames (4,4') out of a vertical position into a horizontal position, the pattern plates (1, 1') are simultaneously in connection by their effective sides with the mould material reservoirs (6, 6').
11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterised in that the horizontal pivot axes (5, 5') of the carrier frames (4,4') extend at right angles to the horizontal axis (9) of rotation of the pivot mounting (17) and the carrier frames (4, 4') are articulated to the pivot mounting (17).
12. Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the carrier frames (4, 4') comprise retaining members, preferably formed as rails (3, 3'), for the pattern plates (1,1'), which are connectable with the guide elements, preferably likewise formed as rails, of the possibly-provided pattern plate conveying installation.
13. Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the mould material reservoirs (6, 6') are each closable on their opening sides by means of a respective sliding grid (8, 8'), and the sliding grids (8, 8') are actuatable through suitable transmission members (14, 19), such as for example spring-pressure-loaded push rods (19) and cams (14), in dependence upon the rotating movement of the pivot mounting (17).
14. Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that the backfilling device (B) comprises a machine stand with retaining members preferably formed as rails (13, 13') for the reception of the pattern plates (1, 1') which are connectable with the retaining members (3, 3') of the mould material coating device (A) and/or with the guide elements, preferably likewise formed as rails, of the possibly-provided pattern plate conveying installation, as the case may be.
15. Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterised in that the machine stand of the backfilling device (B) comprises mould-filling frames (11, 11') each displaceable against the side face of the two pattern plates (1, 1') for the lateral definition of the backfilling chamber, and that the backfilling chambers of the two pattern plates (1, 1') are closable by presser plates (12, 12') suitable for the mechanical re-compacting of the mould material, at least one pressure plate (12') being made displaceable against the pattern plate (1 ').
16. Apparatus according to claim 15, characterised in that at least the presser plate (12') of one pattern plate (1') is provided with a drive system (18), especially a long-stroke piston-cylinder drive system, for the displacement of the finished casting mould out of the mould-filling frames (11, 11').
17. Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 16, characterised in that the machine stand of the backfilling device (B) comprises a cavity for the feed of the mould material.
18. Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 17, characterised in that the pattern plates (1, 1') comprise air nozzles and are connectable to a vacuum-blast device.
EP84104045A 1983-05-18 1984-04-11 Method of and installation for producing moulds Expired EP0126269B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833318112 DE3318112A1 (en) 1983-05-18 1983-05-18 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING CASTING MOLDS
DE3318112 1983-05-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0126269A2 EP0126269A2 (en) 1984-11-28
EP0126269A3 EP0126269A3 (en) 1985-07-31
EP0126269B1 true EP0126269B1 (en) 1988-01-07

Family

ID=6199314

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84104045A Expired EP0126269B1 (en) 1983-05-18 1984-04-11 Method of and installation for producing moulds

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0126269B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3318112A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3444342A1 (en) * 1984-12-05 1986-06-05 Adolf Hottinger, Gießerei und Maschinenbau GmbH, 6800 Mannheim DEVICE FOR BOWLING MASKS
FR2672233B1 (en) * 1991-02-01 1993-05-07 Mazeran Jean Jacques DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING FOUNDRY MOLDS OF GRANULAR MATERIAL.
CN105291441A (en) * 2015-12-02 2016-02-03 党金行 Dynamic cylinder powder laying type 3D printer

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2865066A (en) * 1953-03-02 1958-12-23 Shalco Engineering Corp Shell molding apparatus
DE1508675A1 (en) * 1966-09-29 1970-03-05 Mathias Klemmer Device for the production of mask shapes
FR1584384A (en) * 1967-08-18 1969-12-19
GB1470672A (en) * 1974-07-15 1977-04-21 Baker Perkins Holdings Ltd Manufacture of foundry moulds and cores
DE2916211C2 (en) * 1979-04-21 1983-11-24 Hüttenes-Albertus Chemische Werke GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Process for making a foundry mold
DE2923062A1 (en) * 1979-06-07 1980-12-11 Wolfgang Ing Grad Boehner Vacuum filling of cavities, esp. boxes used for mfg. sand cores - where vacuum is also used to remove noxious gases evolved during core mfr.
DE2923044C2 (en) * 1979-06-07 1987-05-27 Eugen Dipl.-Ing. 8877 Burtenbach Bühler Method and apparatus for making split composite sand block casting molds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0126269A2 (en) 1984-11-28
EP0126269A3 (en) 1985-07-31
DE3468343D1 (en) 1988-02-11
DE3318112A1 (en) 1984-11-22

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