EP0124340B1 - Appareil pour mettre sous tension des boulons et des goujons - Google Patents

Appareil pour mettre sous tension des boulons et des goujons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0124340B1
EP0124340B1 EP19840302770 EP84302770A EP0124340B1 EP 0124340 B1 EP0124340 B1 EP 0124340B1 EP 19840302770 EP19840302770 EP 19840302770 EP 84302770 A EP84302770 A EP 84302770A EP 0124340 B1 EP0124340 B1 EP 0124340B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stud
bolt
recess
hydraulic fluid
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840302770
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0124340A2 (fr
EP0124340A3 (en
Inventor
Roy Rushbrooke
Geoffrey Firth
Harry David Percival-Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pilgrim Moorside Ltd
Original Assignee
Pilgrim Moorside Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pilgrim Moorside Ltd filed Critical Pilgrim Moorside Ltd
Publication of EP0124340A2 publication Critical patent/EP0124340A2/fr
Publication of EP0124340A3 publication Critical patent/EP0124340A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0124340B1 publication Critical patent/EP0124340B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B29/00—Accessories
    • B25B29/02—Bolt tensioners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydraulically operable device for applying tension to solid bolts and studs in bolted flange joints, such as for example in joints employed in off-shore structures.
  • Hydraulically operable devices have been used to tension solid bolts or studs in flanged joints, for example in steam turbine casings. These comprise a device having a body portion which includes an annular piston surrounding the bolt or stud extending through the flange, and a puller member which is screwed onto a threaded extension of the bolt or stud.
  • the annular piston is urged against the flange by hydraulic fluid under pressure in order to tension the bolt or stud and the nut on the bolt or stud is screwed down against the flange in order to maintain the tension when the hydraulic pressure is removed.
  • a stud manipulating device incorporating a hydraulically operable device of this type is disclosed in EP-A-0,009,973.
  • a tensioning device is known in accordance with the prior art portion of Claim 1 from US Patent No. 4,020,720 in which the puller member has circumferentially spaced hook portions arranged to engage corresponding circumferentially spaced inclined projections on a washer integral with a nut on the bolt for tensioning the bolt.
  • the hook portions are arranged to engage a member mounted on the nut to transmit rotation of the puller member to the nut for tightening the nut to maintain the tension.
  • the present invention as defined in the Claims is intended to remedy this drawback. It solves the problem of how to ensure the required engagement between the puller member and the stud is obtained before the admission of the hydraulic fluid pressure by the provision of means for controlling the admission of hydraulic fluid pressure to the recess to tension the bolt or stud and a safety interlock device for controlling actuation of the means for controlling the admission of the hydraulic fluid pressure to the recess, the safety interlock device comprising a spring biassed keying member mounted in the puller member for axial movement relative thereto and having location means at one end for engagement with complementary location means on the head of the bolt or stud to permit actuation of the means for controlling the admission of hydraulic fluid pressure to the recess to tension the bolt or stud only when the respective connection means of the puller member and stud are engaged.
  • the main advantage of the invented apparatus is that the admission of hydraulic fluid before the puller member and stud are properly engaged is prevented by means of the interlock device which prevents actuation of the means controlling the admission of the hydraulic fluid until the proper engagement is obtained whereupon the interlock device is released to permit actuation of the means controlling the admission of the hydraulic fluid.
  • the keying member interlocks with an air valve which controls the supply of compressed air to an airdriven hydraulic pump such that the air valve can only be opened when the tensioning device is correctly located on the bolt or stud and the puller member is in engagement with the head of the bolt or stud.
  • the bayonet type connection is provided by a plurality of axially aligned sets of intermittent circumferential teeth on the puller member arranged to engage a corresponding plurality of axially aligned sets of intermittent circumferential teeth on the head of the bolt or stud.
  • Such multiple axial connection will withstand heavy axial thrust.
  • the mating faces of the teeth may extend perpendicular to the axis of the puller member and of the bolt or stud with the other faces having a slope of about 45° to such axes.
  • both faces may be set at an angle, for example about 30°, to the horizontal. In this way the teeth mate with each other.
  • the keying member may, for example, have an elongated rectangular, square or cruciform projection which mates with a matching keyway or recess in the head of the bolt or stud.
  • the keying member may be recessed to mate with a projection on the head of the bolt or stud.
  • the tensioning device may have a body portion consisting of a plurality of coaching components which together define the annular recess and form the abutment member.
  • the body portion may be integral and shaped to define the annular recess between itself and the puller member.
  • the puller member is provided with means for attachment to, or support by, the body portion at the end distant from the bolt or stud.
  • a solid annular seal of a plastics material such as polyurethane is located at the bottom of the or each annular recess, and serves to prevent the leakage of hydraulic fluid.
  • An annular tyre into which the hydraulic fluid is admitted to effect pressurisation may also be used but in general has insufficient strength for tensioning large bolts or studs.
  • a jacking device 10 for tensioning the stud 2 has a body portion 11 having an annular recess 12 with parallel axially directed side walls 13.
  • An annular seal 14 is located in the recess 12 between the bottom thereof and an abutment member comprising a piston 15 slidably received in the recess 12.
  • a passage 16 extends through the body portion 11 for the introduction of pressure liquid from the exterior into the recess 12.
  • a puller member 17 mounted in the piston 15 is a puller member 17 attached to the body portion 11 by screw thread 19.
  • the puller member 17 is shown with internal bayonet type connecting means 18 comprising two lugs 20 which engage with the lugs 6 on the stud head 5.
  • the puller member 17 also incorporates a safety interlock device 21, shown in more detail in Figure 3.
  • the interlock device 21 shown in Figure 3 comprises a spring biassed keying member 21 in the form of a rod 22 slidably mounted in the puller member 17 and resiliently biassed towards the stud head 5.
  • the rod 22 has a projection 21 a at the lower end which engages, in use, with the keyway 7 in the stud head 5 only when the jacking device 10 is correctly positioned with the lugs 20 of the puller member 17 in engagement with the lugs 6 on the stud head 5.
  • an air valve 23 fitted with a flanged bush 24 to the upper end of which is attached an operating handle 27 for the air ' vatve 23.
  • the bush 24 has a slot 25a which extends generally in the axial direction and a local circumferential slot 25b extending from the axial slot 25a.
  • return springs 30 which act between the piston 15 and puller member 17 to restore the position of the jacking device 10 when the hydraulic operating pressure is released.
  • Hydraulic fluid at high pressure is admitted to the recess 12 in the body portion 11 via passage 16.
  • the seal 14 serves to prevent leakage of oil from the annular recess 12.
  • the pressure urges the piston 15 against the top face of the flanged connection 1 and the load generated is reacted by the stud 2 through the engagement of the puller member 17 with the stud head 5 thereby stretching the stud 2 within its elastic limit.
  • the operating handle 27 is then returned to its original position shutting of the air and automatically releasing the hydraulic pressure whereupon the jacking device 10 is restored to its original position under the action of the return springs 30 leaving the stud 2 in tension.
  • the jacking device 10 may then be removed from the stud 2 ready for use on further studs.
  • a second embodiment of a jacking device 40 having a body portion consisting of a piston 41a, 41b joined by a keep plate 42, and an inner ring 43 defining with the piston 41b two annular recesses 44,45 each having a respective annular seal 46,47 located at the bottom.
  • a nut 48 retains the body portion in place and is fastened by screw threads 49 to a puller member 50 and means for the supply of pressure fluid is provided as described for the first embodiment shown in Figure 3.
  • the puller member 50 has an internal bayonet type connecting means 51 which consists of a plurality of axially aligned sets of intermittent circumferential teeth 52 which mate with corresponding sets of teeth 53 on the head of a stud 54 to be tensioned. It will be seen that the mating faces of the teeth 52, 53 are perpendicular to the axis of the puller member 50 and of the stud 54 and that the other faces have a 45° slope relative to such axes. The engagement of the teeth 52, 53 is more clearly shown in Figure 5.
  • the puller member 50 also incorporates a safety interlock device 55 comprising a spring biassed keying member 55 having a square ended projection 56 at one end which engages with a matching square recess in the stud head.
  • the other end of the keying member 55 operates an air valve (not shown) as described for the first embodiment shown in Figure 3.
  • This jacking device 40 operates in the same way as the jacking device 10 previously described with reference to Figures 1 to 3.
  • the teeth 52 of the puller member 50 engage with the teeth 53 of the stud 54, and it is only when this engagement is correctly achieved that the projection 56 on the keying member 55 engages with the recess 57 in the stud head.
  • the reacting forces lead to stretching of the stud 54 and the nut (not shown) is tightened as described before to maintain the tension on release of the hydraulic pressure.
  • FIG. 6 there is shown a third embodiment of jacking device 60 having a body portion 61 with an integral piston and which defines two arinular recesses 62, 63 between itself and a puller member 64.
  • hydraulic fluid is admitted to the recesses 62, 63 via inlet means 68 only after engagement of the projection on the keying member in the recess in the stud head as allowed when the correct engagement between the puller member 64 and the stud head is obtained.
  • the pressure in the recesses 62,63 urges the body portion 61, with its integral piston, against the top face of the flanged connection.
  • the reaction through the puller member 64 stretches the stud and the nut (not shown) is tightened as described before to maintain the tension on release of the hydraulic pressure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Appareil pour le tensionnage d'un boulon ou goujon (2, 54) de raccordement par brides (1) comprenant un dispositif à effet de vérin (10, 40, 60) destiné à coopérer en service avec un boulon ou goujon (2, 54) traversant le raccordement par brides (1), le dispositif à effet de vérin (10, 40, 60) présentant au moins un évidement annulaire (12, 44, 45, 62, 63) dans lequel est placé un moyen d'étanchéité (14, 46, 47), un élément de butée (15, 41 a, 41b, 61) destiné à entourer le boulon ou goujon (2, 54) et à buter contre la surface voisine du raccordement par brides (1), un élément de traction (17, 50, 64) monté dans l'élément de butée (15, 41a, 41b, 61) et présentant un moyen de raccordement à baïonnette (20, 51) destiné à coopérer avec un moyen de raccordement à baïonnette complémentaire (6, 53) du boulon ou goujon (2, 24), et un moyen d'admission (16, 68) destiné à introduire du fluide hydraulique sous pression dans l'évidement (12,44,45,62,63) pour provoquer un mouvement axial relatif entre l'élément de butée (15, 41a, 41b, 61) et l'élément de traction (17,50,64) afin de tensionner le boulon ou goujon (2, 54) caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un moyen (23) pour commander l'introduction de fluide hydraulique sous pression dans l'évidement (12, 44, 45, 62, 63) en vue du tensionnage du boulon ou du goujon (2, 54) et un dispositif de verrouillage de sécurité (21, 55) pour commander l'actionnement du moyen (23) de commande de l'introduction de fluide hydraulique sous pression dans l'évidement (12, 44, 45, 62, 63), le dispositif de verrouillage de sécurité (21, 55) comprenant un élément de clavetage sollicité par ressort (21, 55) monté dans l'élément de traction (17, 50, 64) pour se déplacer axialement par rapport à lui et présentant à une extrémité un moyen de positionnement (21a, 56) destiné à coopérer avec un moyen de positionnement complémentaire (7, 57) prévu sur la tête (5) du boulon ou goujon (2, 54) pour ne permettre l'actionnement du moyen (23) de commande de l'introduction de fluide hydraulique dans l'évidement (12, 44, 45, 62, 63) en vue du tensionnage du boulon ou goujon (2, 54) que quand les moyens de raccordement respectifs (20, 6, 51, 53) sont accrochés.
2. Appareil selon la revendication 1 caracté- riséen ce que le moyen (23) de commande de l'admission de fluide hydraulique dans l'évidement (12, 44, 45, 62, 63) est une vanne à air comprimé (23) commandée par une poignée (27) reliée à un manchon (24) monté sur l'élément de clavetage (21) et qu'on peut faire tourner .au moyen de la poignée (27) pour actionner la vanne à air comprimé (23) seulement quand les moyens de raccordement respectifs (20, 6) sont accrochés.
3. Appareil selon la revendication 2 caractérisé ce que l'élément de clavetage (21) comprend une tige (22) traversant le manchon (24), la tige (22) présentant un tenon transversal (26) s'engageant dans une fente axiale (25a) ménagée dans le manchon (24) et le tenon transversal (26) pouvant s'engager dans une fente latérale (25b) partant de la fente axiale (25a) pour permettre de faire tourner le manchon (24) au moyen de la poignée (27) seulement quand les moyens de raccordement respectifs (20, 6) sont accrochés.
4. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de raccordement respectifs (20, 6) comprennent des oreilles dirigées radialement vers l'intérieur opposées (20), prévues sur l'élément de traction (17), agencées pour s'accrocher à des oreilles s'étendant radialement vers l'extérieur (6) prévues sur la tête (5) du boulon ou goujon (2).
5. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de raccordement respectifs (51, 53) comprennent une série de jeux alignés axialement de dents périphériques espacées intermittentes (52) prévues sur l'élément de traction (50, 64) agencées pour s'accrocher à une série correspondante de jeux axialement alignés de dents périphériques espacées intermittentes (53) prévues sur la tête du boulon ou goujon (54).
6. Appareil selon la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce qu'une face des dents (52, 53) s'étend à peu près normalement à l'axe de l'élément de traction (50, 64) ou du boulon ou goujon (54) respectivement, et l'autre face des dents (52, 53) est inclinée à 45° sur ces axes.
7. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que les moyens de positionnement respectifs (21 a, 7, 56, 57) comprennent une saillie (21 a, 56) prévue sur l'extémité de l'élément de clavetage (21, 55) agencée pour s'engager dans un évidement complémentaire (7, 57) de la tête (5) du boulon ou goujon (2, 54).
8. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de clavetage (21, 55) est sollicité élastiquement vers la tête (5) du boulon ou goujon (2, 54) de façon que les moyens de positionnement respectifs (21 a, 7, 56, 57) puissent subir un engagement automatique quand les moyens de raccordement respectifs (20, 6, 51, 53) sont accrochés.
9. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen du type ressort de rappel (30, 66) agit entre l'élément de butée (15, 41a, 41b, 61) et l'élément de traction (17, 50, 64) pour rétablir la position du dispositif à effet de vérin (10, 40, 60) après dissipation de la pression du fluide hydraulique introduit dans l'évidement (12, 44, 45, 62, 63).
10. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le logement (12) est ménagé dans une partie-corps (11) et l'élément de butée (15) est un piston (15) monté coulissant dans l'évidement (12).
EP19840302770 1983-04-29 1984-04-25 Appareil pour mettre sous tension des boulons et des goujons Expired EP0124340B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8311702 1983-04-29
GB838311702A GB8311702D0 (en) 1983-04-29 1983-04-29 Hydraulic jacking system

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0124340A2 EP0124340A2 (fr) 1984-11-07
EP0124340A3 EP0124340A3 (en) 1986-03-05
EP0124340B1 true EP0124340B1 (fr) 1989-07-26

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ID=10541884

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840302770 Expired EP0124340B1 (fr) 1983-04-29 1984-04-25 Appareil pour mettre sous tension des boulons et des goujons

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EP (1) EP0124340B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3479100D1 (fr)
GB (1) GB8311702D0 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4142990C2 (de) * 1991-12-24 1998-03-19 Westfalia Nukleartechnik Gmbh Schraubendrehgerät für die Deckelverschraubung von Druckbehältern u. dgl., insbesondere von Reaktordruckbehältern
KR101378657B1 (ko) 2012-11-22 2014-03-26 현대위아 주식회사 프레스용 안전 펜스 장치
DE102018107657A1 (de) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-02 Frank Hohmann Vorrichtung zum Anziehen von Schraubverbindungen
DE102018109703A1 (de) * 2018-04-23 2019-10-24 SCHAAF GmbH & Co. KG Befestigungsanordnung zum Verspannen von Befestigungsmitteln mindestens umfassend eine Verdrehsicherung
CN110293392B (zh) * 2019-06-10 2021-08-27 苏州博瑞达智能设备有限公司 一种双螺母锁紧组装机构

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4020720A (en) * 1975-06-04 1977-05-03 Kaneharu Fujii Apparatus for tightening high-strength steel bolts
DE2825300C3 (de) * 1978-06-09 1981-12-24 Klöckner-Werke AG, 4100 Duisburg Spannvorrichtung
EP0009973B1 (fr) * 1978-10-03 1983-05-11 Pilgrim Engineering Developments Limited Manipulateur de goujons
DE2900296A1 (de) * 1979-01-05 1980-07-24 Volkswagenwerk Ag Schraubendreher oder schraubendrehereinsatz
US4433828A (en) * 1981-01-29 1984-02-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Reactor vessel stud closure system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8311702D0 (en) 1983-06-02
EP0124340A2 (fr) 1984-11-07
EP0124340A3 (en) 1986-03-05
DE3479100D1 (en) 1989-08-31

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