EP0119082A2 - Unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp including getter - Google Patents
Unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp including getter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0119082A2 EP0119082A2 EP84301610A EP84301610A EP0119082A2 EP 0119082 A2 EP0119082 A2 EP 0119082A2 EP 84301610 A EP84301610 A EP 84301610A EP 84301610 A EP84301610 A EP 84301610A EP 0119082 A2 EP0119082 A2 EP 0119082A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- arc tube
- envelope
- ceramic envelope
- getter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
- H01J61/26—Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering; Means for preventing blackening of the envelope
Definitions
- This invention relates to unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamps and more particularly to the mounting of getters within the arc tube of an unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an improved high pressure sodium lamp. Another object of the invention is to enhance the arc tube of an unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp. A further object of the invention is the structure of an unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp.
- an arc tube having a tubular ceramic envelope with an electrode sealed into each end of the envelope, a dosing of sodium, mercury and rare gas within the envelope and an oxygen-absorbing getter attached to at least one of the electrodes within the ceramic envelope.
- Fig. 1 illustrates an unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp having a hermetically sealed and evacuated glass envelope 5 formed to fit into an ordinary screw-type base member 7.
- a glass stem member 9 is sealed to the envelope 5 and projects therein. Electrical conductors, 11 and 13 respectively, are sealed into and pass through the stem member 9 to provide electrical connections from the interior to the exterior of the glass envelope 5.
- An electrically conductive support member 15 is affixed to one of the electrical conductors 11 and has a pair of crossbars 17 and 19 affixed thereto at either end. Also, a plurality of spring-like members 21 are affixed to the support member 15 and formed for contact with the glass envelope 5. Moreover, a pair of getters 23 and 25 are attached to the support member 15 and serve to insure the integrity of the evacuated envelope 5.
- This arc tube 27 Disposed within the glass envelope 5-and supported by the crossbars 17 and 19 is an arc tube 27.
- One electrode 29 is affixed to and supported by the crossbar 17 while the other electrode 31 is insulatingly supported by the other crossbar 19, but electrically connected to the electrical conductor 13 passing through the stem member 9.
- Heat conserving elements 33 may be wrapped about the arc tube 27 at each end thereof in the vicinity of the electrodes 29 and 31 in order to reduce the heat differential thereat from the center of the arc tube 27.
- an electrode member 39 is sealed into an apertured ceramic 41 which is, in turn, sealed into the end of a tubular ceramic envelope of an arc tube. Similarly, the opposite end of the tubular ceramic envelope is sealed in substantially the same manner.
- the electrode member 39 includes a shank portion 43 which has a substantially circularly-wound cathode portion 45 telescoped thereover and affixed thereto, as by welding for example. Also affixed to the shank portion 43 intermediate the cathode portion 45 and the apertured ceramic 41 is the getter 37.
- the getter 37 is in the form of a suitable substrate 47, such as nickel plated iron, and a gettering material 49, such as zirconium-aluminum powder, is sintered thereto. Therafter, the substrate 47 is affixed to or telescoped over the shank portion 43 of the electrode member 39.
- a preferred gettering material is a zirconium-aluminum alloy known as ST-101, available from SAES Getters, Milan, Italy, other metals are equally applicable.
- metal alloys selected from the metal group consisting of aluminum, titanium, scandium, cerium, lanthanum, thorium, zirconium, yttrium and other rare earth oxides are suitable gettering materials for the above-described configurations.
- a small tab containing a gettering material could be affixed to the electrode or alternatively, the getter material could be applied to the wound cathode portion 45 of.the electrode member 39.
- other configurations of a similar nature are appropriate to the structure so long as the gettering material is separated from the ceramic envelope of the arc.tube.
Landscapes
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Concurrently filed Applications entitled "Unsaturated Vapor Pressure Type High Pressure Sodium Lamp", bearing Attorney's Docket No. 24,340 corresponding to U.S. Serial No. 473895, and "Unsaturated Vapor High Pressure Sodium Lamp Arc Tube Fabrication Process", bearing Attorney's Docket No. 83-1-036 corresponding to U.S. Serial No. 473894, relate to an arc tube and arc tube fabricating process for unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamps. Also, concurrently filed Applications entitled "Arc Tube Fabrication Process", bearing Attorney's Docket No. 24,833 corresponding to U.S. Serial No. 473896, and "Arc Tube Dosing Process For Unsaturated High Pressure Sodium Lamps" bearing Attorney's Docket No. 24,517 corresponding to U.S. Serial No. 473892, relate to arc tube fabrication and arc tube dosing of unsaturated vapor type high pressure sodium lamps.
- This invention relates to unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamps and more particularly to the mounting of getters within the arc tube of an unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp.
- In ·the field of high pressure sodium lamps, it is a common practice to provide an arc tube fill which includes a large amount of sodium and mercury in order to compensate for the undesired sodium losses encountered. These excess amount of sodium and mercury result in an amalgam at the coolest points of the arc tube which is normally adjacent the electrodes at the ends of the arc tube. As a result, undesired variations in source voltage, color rendition and numerous other characteristics are encountered.
- In an effort to eliminate or at least reduce such undesired effects, it has long been known that a lamp wherein the amount of sodium and mercury employed is only that which will become totally vaporized would provide the desired result. In other words, a high pressure sodium lamp of the unsaturated vapor type wherein sodium and mercury are introduced in only such an amount as to become totally vaporized is a highly desirable structure insofar as efficiency, cost of manufacture and enhanced lighting capability are concerned.
- Also, it has long been recognized that a principal cause of undesired sodium loss in high pressure sodium lamps is the presence of oxygen in the gas fill of the arc tube. One known attempt to alleviate this undesired loss of sodium due to the presence of oxygen is set forth in a concurrently filed Application bearing Attorney's Docket No. 24,340, corresponding to U.S. Serial No. 473895, assigned to the Assignee of the present Application. Therein, a getter in the form of a metal or metal alloy is located within an elongated ceramic arc tube with the metal oxides of the getter having a free energy of formation per mole of oxygen greater than that of sodium oxide. In effect, the getter reacts with free oxygen to inhibit the formation of compounds containing sodium and oxygen.
- Although the above-described technique has been employed with varying amounts of success, it has been found that the results do leave something to be desired. More specifically, it has been found that intimate contact between the tubular ceramic envelope of the arc tube and the oxygen-absorbing getter therein tends to cause an undesired darkening of the ceramic envelope in the area of contact with the getter material. Although the exact cause of this darkening condition of the ceramic envelope is not thoroughly understood, it is believed that a chemical reduction takes place between the getter and the aluminium envelope whereat contact therebetween is effected.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an improved high pressure sodium lamp. Another object of the invention is to enhance the arc tube of an unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp. A further object of the invention is the structure of an unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp.
- These and other objects, advantages and capabilities are achieve.d in one aspect of the invention by an arc tube having a tubular ceramic envelope with an electrode sealed into each end of the envelope, a dosing of sodium, mercury and rare gas within the envelope and an oxygen-absorbing getter attached to at least one of the electrodes within the ceramic envelope.
- The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Fig. 1 is an elevation of a preferred form of unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp; and
- Fig. 2 is an exploded sectional view of an electrode formed for enclosure within a ceramic envelope and having an oxygen-absorbing getter affixed thereto.
- For a better understanding of the present invention, together with other and further objects, advantages and capabilities thereof, reference is made to the following disclosure and appended Claims in conjunction with the accompanying-drawings.
- Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 illustrates an unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp having a hermetically sealed and evacuated
glass envelope 5 formed to fit into an ordinary screw-type base member 7. A glass stem member 9 is sealed to theenvelope 5 and projects therein. Electrical conductors, 11 and 13 respectively, are sealed into and pass through the stem member 9 to provide electrical connections from the interior to the exterior of theglass envelope 5. - An electrically
conductive support member 15 is affixed to one of the electrical conductors 11 and has a pair ofcrossbars like members 21 are affixed to thesupport member 15 and formed for contact with theglass envelope 5. Moreover, a pair ofgetters 23 and 25 are attached to thesupport member 15 and serve to insure the integrity of the evacuatedenvelope 5. - Disposed within the glass envelope 5-and supported by the
crossbars arc tube 27. Thisarc tube 27, preferably of a material such as polycrystalline alumina for example, includes anelectrode electrode 29 is affixed to and supported by thecrossbar 17 while theother electrode 31 is insulatingly supported by theother crossbar 19, but electrically connected to theelectrical conductor 13 passing through the stem member 9.Heat conserving elements 33 may be wrapped about thearc tube 27 at each end thereof in the vicinity of theelectrodes arc tube 27. - Referring more specifically to FIG. 2 wherein a getter.37 is disposed within the
arc tube 27 of FIG. 1, anelectrode member 39 is sealed into an apertured ceramic 41 which is, in turn, sealed into the end of a tubular ceramic envelope of an arc tube. Similarly, the opposite end of the tubular ceramic envelope is sealed in substantially the same manner. - The
electrode member 39 includes ashank portion 43 which has a substantially circularly-wound cathode portion 45 telescoped thereover and affixed thereto, as by welding for example. Also affixed to theshank portion 43 intermediate thecathode portion 45 and the apertured ceramic 41 is thegetter 37. - Preferably, the
getter 37 is in the form of asuitable substrate 47, such as nickel plated iron, and a getteringmaterial 49, such as zirconium-aluminum powder, is sintered thereto. Therafter, thesubstrate 47 is affixed to or telescoped over theshank portion 43 of theelectrode member 39. Although a preferred gettering material is a zirconium-aluminum alloy known as ST-101, available from SAES Getters, Milan, Italy, other metals are equally applicable. For example, metal alloys selected from the metal group consisting of aluminum, titanium, scandium, cerium, lanthanum, thorium, zirconium, yttrium and other rare earth oxides are suitable gettering materials for the above-described configurations. - Additionally, alternative methods of containing a getter material within the ceramic envelope of the arc tube and separated therefrom are appropriate. For example, a small tab containing a gettering material could be affixed to the electrode or alternatively, the getter material could be applied to the
wound cathode portion 45 of.theelectrode member 39. Obviously, other configurations of a similar nature are appropriate to the structure so long as the gettering material is separated from the ceramic envelope of the arc.tube. - While there has been shown and described what is at present considered the preferred embodiments of the invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US47389783A | 1983-03-10 | 1983-03-10 | |
US473897 | 1983-03-10 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0119082A2 true EP0119082A2 (en) | 1984-09-19 |
EP0119082A3 EP0119082A3 (en) | 1985-06-19 |
EP0119082B1 EP0119082B1 (en) | 1988-12-28 |
Family
ID=23881474
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84301610A Expired EP0119082B1 (en) | 1983-03-10 | 1984-03-09 | Unsaturated vapor high pressure sodium lamp including getter |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0119082B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS59169051A (en) |
AU (1) | AU578602B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1222274A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3475853D1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0262815A1 (en) * | 1986-09-27 | 1988-04-06 | THORN EMI plc | Hydrogen getter and method of manufacture |
EP0566193A1 (en) * | 1992-04-15 | 1993-10-20 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | High-pressure sodium discharge lamp |
EP0637056A1 (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-01 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | High pressure discharge lamp |
WO2007053441A2 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-10 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Electrode-mounted getter |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3485343A (en) * | 1967-08-28 | 1969-12-23 | Gen Electric | Oxygen getter for high pressure sodium vapor lamp |
US3953755A (en) * | 1973-11-15 | 1976-04-27 | U.S. Philips Corporation | High pressure gas discharge lamp including a hydrogen getter |
US4075530A (en) * | 1976-04-21 | 1978-02-21 | Japan Storage Battery Company Limited | High pressure sodium vapor lamp of unsaturated vapor pressure type |
US4127790A (en) * | 1976-10-08 | 1978-11-28 | U.S. Philips Corporation | High-pressure discharge lamp |
FR2541043A1 (en) * | 1983-02-14 | 1984-08-17 | Gen Electric | HIGH PRESSURE SODIUM VAPOR LAMP HAVING AN OXYGEN GETTER |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3453477A (en) * | 1967-02-16 | 1969-07-01 | Gen Electric | Alumina-ceramic sodium vapor lamp |
GB1211176A (en) * | 1967-02-16 | 1970-11-04 | Gen Electric | High-pressure sodium vapor lamp |
-
1984
- 1984-03-06 CA CA000448955A patent/CA1222274A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-03-09 JP JP59044158A patent/JPS59169051A/en active Pending
- 1984-03-09 DE DE8484301610T patent/DE3475853D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-03-09 EP EP84301610A patent/EP0119082B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-03-09 AU AU25477/84A patent/AU578602B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3485343A (en) * | 1967-08-28 | 1969-12-23 | Gen Electric | Oxygen getter for high pressure sodium vapor lamp |
US3953755A (en) * | 1973-11-15 | 1976-04-27 | U.S. Philips Corporation | High pressure gas discharge lamp including a hydrogen getter |
US4075530A (en) * | 1976-04-21 | 1978-02-21 | Japan Storage Battery Company Limited | High pressure sodium vapor lamp of unsaturated vapor pressure type |
US4127790A (en) * | 1976-10-08 | 1978-11-28 | U.S. Philips Corporation | High-pressure discharge lamp |
FR2541043A1 (en) * | 1983-02-14 | 1984-08-17 | Gen Electric | HIGH PRESSURE SODIUM VAPOR LAMP HAVING AN OXYGEN GETTER |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0262815A1 (en) * | 1986-09-27 | 1988-04-06 | THORN EMI plc | Hydrogen getter and method of manufacture |
US4827188A (en) * | 1986-09-27 | 1989-05-02 | Thorn Emi Plc | Hydrogen getter and method of manufacture |
EP0566193A1 (en) * | 1992-04-15 | 1993-10-20 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | High-pressure sodium discharge lamp |
EP0637056A1 (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-01 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | High pressure discharge lamp |
US5461281A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-10-24 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft F. Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | High-pressure discharge lamp with a halide fill including life-extending additives |
WO2007053441A2 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-10 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Electrode-mounted getter |
WO2007053441A3 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2008-03-27 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Electrode-mounted getter |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2547784A (en) | 1984-09-13 |
DE3475853D1 (en) | 1989-02-02 |
CA1222274A (en) | 1987-05-26 |
EP0119082A3 (en) | 1985-06-19 |
EP0119082B1 (en) | 1988-12-28 |
JPS59169051A (en) | 1984-09-22 |
AU578602B2 (en) | 1988-11-03 |
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