EP0117461B1 - Control device, particularly for controlling a machine, a door or the like - Google Patents

Control device, particularly for controlling a machine, a door or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0117461B1
EP0117461B1 EP84101191A EP84101191A EP0117461B1 EP 0117461 B1 EP0117461 B1 EP 0117461B1 EP 84101191 A EP84101191 A EP 84101191A EP 84101191 A EP84101191 A EP 84101191A EP 0117461 B1 EP0117461 B1 EP 0117461B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
equipment
pump
accordance
emitter
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Expired
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EP84101191A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0117461A2 (en
EP0117461A3 (en
Inventor
Günter Karrasch
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Fraba GmbH
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Fraba GmbH
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Priority to AT84101191T priority Critical patent/ATE43925T1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C3/00—Registering or indicating the condition or the working of machines or other apparatus, other than vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for monitoring a work machine, a door, or the like, consisting of the combination of pressure wave switches, between which a pressure transmitter is arranged, the connection of which to the pressure wave switches is made via lines, and with a monitoring relay which can be actuated by the pressure wave switches.
  • pneumatic elements represent another option for use in automatic controls. Such components are characterized by a long service life, insensitivity to electromagnetic interference, water and moisture and simple connections of pneumatic actuators. Pneumatic components work in such a way that an electrical signal is triggered by pressure changes (pressure increase or pressure drop). Depending on the version of the pressure sensor, a distinction is made between membrane switches, Bourdon tube switches and piston switches. Components of this type are used to avoid incorrect operation of work machines, crushing in automatic doors, or the like.
  • a generic device is known from CH-A-610 382.
  • a pressure transmitter is connected to two pressure wave switches, so that when a pressure is applied, the switches are actuated and a monitoring relay can be switched.
  • a suitable circuit ensures that the required functions can still be carried out for a certain time even if the system malfunctions.
  • the function of the system is not guaranteed if, for example, the lines from the pressure transmitter to the pressure wave switches are defective, so that no pressure can be built up in them, or if the event by which pressure is triggered is no longer removed from the line , so that the pressure within the line is constant again.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a generic device for monitoring a work machine, a door or the like in such a way that the system monitors itself.
  • a pump with the interposition of a check valve is connected to one of the pressure wave switches via a line, from which branches off between the pressure wave switch and the check valve, the line leading via the pressure transmitter to the other pressure wave switch.
  • the pressure transmitter and the pressure wave switch With the help of the pump building up the pressure in the lines to the pressure wave switches, the pressure transmitter and the pressure wave switch, it is possible to create a self-monitoring pneumatic arrangement, by means of which warning messages are issued if the device is not activated, the pressure transmitter is actuated, none There is a supply voltage, the hose lines or the pressure transmitter are malfunctioning (leaking or crushed), or components in the pressure wave combination itself are defective.
  • both an overpressure and a vacuum in the line, which is arranged between the pump and the pressure wave switches can be detected and reported so that the necessary circuits can be carried out.
  • a controlled permanent pressure is generated which is approximately constant in the entire pneumatic part.
  • the pump is arranged at the beginning of a pneumatic chain and the vacuum measurement takes place at the end of the chain. If the flow of air is prevented at any point in this chain, the pressure wave switch contact reports a negative pressure at the end of the chain. The previously energized relay drops out and passes the message on.
  • the signaling of the overpressure when the pressure transmitter is actuated also occurs at the beginning and end of the pneumatic chain and acts on the same relay.
  • the static and dynamic monitoring of the safety control according to the invention both of the pneumatic part and of the electrical system, takes place in the idle pressure or in the idle current principle.
  • a passage pressure transmitter (two-way pressure transmitter) with a length of at least 0.5 m can be connected as a pressure transmitter. It can further be provided that an air-tight resistor is arranged between the pump and the pressure wave switch.
  • pressure wave switches directly attached to the pressure transmitter can preferably be arranged.
  • the pressure wave switches are preferably designed with a changeover contact.
  • the pump pressure is in the range from 5 to 7 mbar. In order to maintain this working pressure, a pump interval of approximately 20 seconds can preferably be provided. It can also be provided that the monitoring relay drops out at a pressure below 3.5 mbar or at a pressure above 11.0 mbar.
  • the state of the system i. H. in particular the activity of the pump and the pressure information can be identified by displays, in particular LED displays can be used.
  • a time extension is provided for increasing the pump pressure after switching off, i. That is, the pump relay excitation remains for about 300 ms.
  • the tightness can be achieved for example by gluing the joints.
  • adjusting screws can be provided on the pressure wave switch for setting a predetermined leak.
  • FIG. 8 shows a basic circuit analogous to FIG. 7 with two monitoring relays.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic circuit of a pressure wave combination with a first pressure wave switch 10, a second pressure wave switch 12, a pump 14 and a monitoring relay 16.
  • a supply voltage of 220 V AC is applied to the pump 14 via terminals 18, 20.
  • this supply voltage is converted to an excitation voltage of 27 V direct current, which is required to excite a pump relay 24 and to excite the monitoring relay 16.
  • LED displays 26, 28, 30 and 32 are provided to display the various operating states of the system.
  • the LED (Light Emitting Diode) 26 indicates whether the pump is in operation.
  • LED 28 lights up as soon as the pressure generated by the pump has reached the lower limit. This LED 28 shines yellow like the LED 26.
  • the green lit LED 30 indicates that the pressure in the system is within the predetermined limits.
  • a changeover contact 34 is provided in the pressure wave switch 10 and a changeover contact 36 is provided in the pressure wave switch 12.
  • the monitoring relay 16 is provided with a series resistor 38 and has changeover contacts 37 and 40.
  • the contact 40 is provided with connection contacts 41, 42, 44 and 46 and represents the useful contact for the machine to be monitored. This relay 16 is used to switch a connected machine on and off.
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic circuit of an embodiment of a pressure wave combination.
  • the pump 14 is connected to the first pressure wave switch 10 via a line 50.
  • An air-tight resistor 52 and a check valve 54 are provided in the line 50 in succession.
  • a line 56 branches off between the check valve 54 and the first pressure wave switch 10 and leads to the second pressure wave switch 12.
  • a pressure transmitter 58 is arranged in the line 56 between the pressure wave switch 10 and the pressure wave switch 12. This makes it possible to monitor the hose line leading to the pressure transmitter for crushing. Possible pinch points 60 and 62 are shown schematically in the hose line 56. If one side of the hose is pinched, the pressure is registered and reported at the pressure wave switch 12.
  • a negative pressure in the pressure transmitter for example when the pressure is interrupted by the pinch point 60, is reported by the pressure wave switch 12 located at the end of the pneumatic system.
  • the changeover contact 34 present in the pressure wave switch 10 controls the pump 14 and reports an overpressure in the system.
  • the changeover contact 36 present in the pressure wave switch 12 reports an overpressure and a vacuum. 2 shows the LEDs for displaying the current operating state of the system.
  • the yellow LED 26 indicates that the pump is in operation
  • the yellow LED 28 indicates that the pressure has built up
  • the green LED 30 indicates that the system is OK after it has been started
  • the red LED 32 indicates that there is a fault in the system.
  • the green LED 30 only lights up when the start button 80 is actuated, i. H. the yellow LED 28 or the red LED 32 goes out.
  • the device shown in FIG. 2 operates as follows:
  • the pump 14 integrated in the system generates a working pressure. This pressure is reduced by the air-tight resistor 52 and supplied to the pressure wave switch 10 via the check valve 54.
  • the pump 14 and thus the working pressure is controlled via a relay with a fixed switch-off delay.
  • the closing contact of the pressure wave switch 10 registers the overpressure on the left side as seen from the pressure transmitter 58.
  • the check valve 54 prevents the working pressure from being released via the pump 14.
  • the air flows into and out of this pressure transmitter 58 via the hose line 56 further supplied to the pressure wave switch 12.
  • this pressure wave switch 12 also has a changeover contact.
  • the opener registers a negative pressure and the closer registers the positive pressure as seen from the pressure transmitter 58 on the right-hand side at the end of the pneumatic line 56.
  • the negative pressure is preferably defined when the pressure in the pneumatic line is less than or equal to 3.5 mbar. There is an overpressure in the line if the pressure in the line is greater than or equal to 11 mbar. In both cases, the system indicates a malfunction.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the preferred control-relevant pressure ranges. If a pressure wave combination is connected to a work machine, for example, the supply voltage is connected via terminals 18 and 20. The pump 14 then begins to pump, which is indicated by the yellow pump LED display. At the same time, the red LED display 32 lights up, which indicates a warning that the pressure is less than 3.5 mbar. After reaching 3.5 mbar, the yellow LED display 28 lights up, which indicates that the pressure is in the range between 3.5 and 11 mbar. If the combination is now started internally or externally by a push button, the red LED display 32 goes out and the green LED display 30 lights up, which indicates that the system is OK.
  • the opener of the pressure wave switch 10 interrupts the pump relay excitation.
  • the pump relay 24 remains energized for approximately 300 msec, however, so that the pressure in the system can increase to approximately 7.0 mbar during this time. A comparison 15 is provided for this. After these 300 msec, the relay 24 drops out and the pump 14 stops, which means that the pump LED display 26 goes out. If the pressure in the system drops to 5.0 mbar after some time, the pump 14 is switched on again. This pumping process is suitably repeated at intervals of approximately 20 seconds.
  • the relay 16 After pressing the start button, the relay 16 picks up and goes through its own contact 37 in self-holding (closed-circuit principle). This position is the actual monitoring position of the system. After a power failure or an overpressure or underpressure occurs, the relay 16 drops out and must be restarted. After relay 16 drops out, the green LED display 30 goes out and the red LED display 32 lights up.
  • Fig. 4 shows a basic circuit of the pump control.
  • the excitation voltage of the relay 24 of 27 V reaches the relay 24 from the opening contact 34 of the pressure wave switch 10 which is closed up to 5.0 mbar, via a diode 70 and a diode 72 and the yellow light-emitting diode 26 to the relay 24.
  • capacitors 74 and 76 are also charged .
  • the relay 24 picks up and lies on its own contact, the charged capacitor 76 to the coil.
  • the pump 14 is excited via a diode 78.
  • the pressure wave switch 10 which interrupts pressure at 5.0 mbar, extends the pump excitation by approx. 300 msec from the time capacitor until a pressure of approx. 7.0 mbar is built up.
  • the relay 24 drops out, the pump 14 stops and the yellow LED 26 goes out.
  • the pressure drop in the system again pulls the relay 24 at 5.0 mbar pressure and thereby the pump 14 into operation. This process is repeated at intervals of approximately 20 seconds.
  • Fig. 5 shows a Pnnzipschalt ⁇ ng the monitoring circuit.
  • the actual monitoring circuit consists of the pressure wave switch 10 with changer 34 and the pressure wave switch 12 with changer 36, the LED indicators 28, 30 and 32, which state the state of the combination, and the monitoring relay 16 with its series resistor 38.
  • the two pressure wave switches 10 and 12 are geometrically arranged so that they are arranged once in front of the pressure sensor 58 and once after the pressure sensor 58 to the hose lines 56 u. a. monitor for bruises or breaks.
  • the monitoring can only be started if the short circuit of the relay 16, which has been triggered by the pressure wave switch 12, is released. This is the case when the pressure in the system reaches 3.5 or 11.0 mbar.
  • the opener of the pressure wave switch 12 opens at 3.5 mbar and the yellow LED display 28 «Pressure lights up. After pressing a button 80, the relay 16- goes into latching via its own contact 37. The red LED display 32 goes out and the green LED display 30 lights up.
  • the drop conditions for relay 16 are as follows: at a pressure of less than or equal to 3.5 mbar, the pneumatic system is considered to be interrupted and at a pressure of overpressure. Danger avoidance is greater than or equal to 11.0 mbar. In the event of negative or positive pressure, the relay 16 is short-circuited and drops out.
  • This selected circuit makes it possible to significantly increase the sensitivity of the circuit by means of pressure wave switches mounted outside the control. For this purpose, it is sufficient to connect a pressure wave change contact 82 set to 3.5 mbar and 11.0 mbar directly to the pressure transmitter 58 and to connect it electrically to the combination.
  • the NO contacts and NC contacts of the pressure wave switch must be bridged and connected to terminals 84 and 86. As a result, negative or positive pressure is registered directly at the pressure transmitter and immediately processed electrically in the combination without possibly having to go through long connecting hoses.
  • the function of the external pressure wave switch 82 is identical to that of the pressure wave switch 12 in the combination.
  • FIG. 6 shows a circuit analogous to the basic circuit shown in FIG. 1, but in which, in addition to the monitoring relay 16, further monitoring relays 17, 17a in order to ensure operational reliability if the first relay 16 should fail. Since the output contacts of these relays are connected in series, the probability that all contacts fail at the same time is very low.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 show basic circuits of pressure wave combinations which are fed directly with alternating or direct current of 24 V and which have a monitoring relay 16 (FIG. 7) or two monitoring relays 16 and 17, 17a (FIG. 8) analogous to FIG. 1 or 6.
  • the device according to the invention or the system according to the invention it is possible to detect negative and positive pressure by means of only two pressure wave switches.
  • a time extension is used after switching off.
  • the sensitivity and speed of the system can be increased by using extra-long hose lines between the pressure sensor and the pressure wave switch by additional pressure wave switches directly attached to the pressure sensor.
  • the stated current, pressure and time values represent preferred values which guarantee a high degree of functional reliability. It is of course possible to move the device to other areas.
  • the pressure transmitter can be designed in the form of a mat or as an elastic edge on the edge of a door.
  • the monitoring of both the pneumatic and the electrical system is carried out in the above-described devices in the static pressure or in the closed-circuit principle.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung einer Arbeitsmaschine, einer Tür, od. dgl., bestehend aus der Kombination von Druckwellenschaltern, zwischen welchen ein Druckgeber angeordnet ist, dessen Verbindung mit den Druckwellenschaltem über Leitungen erfolgt, und mit einem durch die Druckwellenschalter betätigbaren Überwachungsrelais.The invention relates to a device for monitoring a work machine, a door, or the like, consisting of the combination of pressure wave switches, between which a pressure transmitter is arranged, the connection of which to the pressure wave switches is made via lines, and with a monitoring relay which can be actuated by the pressure wave switches.

Neben elektromechanischen und elektronischen Bauelementen stellen pneumatische Elemente eine weitere Möglichkeit für den Einsatz bei automatischen Steuerungen dar. Derartige Bauteile zeichnen sich durch eine hohe Lebensdauer, Unempfindlichkeit gegenüber elektromagnetischen Störeinflüssen, gegenüber Wasser und Feuchtigkeit und einfache Anschlüsse pneumatischer Stelleinrichtungen aus. Die Wirkungsweise pneumatischer Bauelemente besteht darin, daß durch Druckänderung (Druckanstieg oder Druckabfall) ein elektrisches Signal ausgelöst wird. Abhängig von der Ausführung des Druckfühlers unterscheidet man Membranschalter, Bourdonrohrschalter und Kolbenschalter. Eingesetzt werden derartige Bauteile zur Vermeidung von Fehlbedienungen von Arbeitsmaschinen, Quetschungen in automatischen Türen, od. dgl.In addition to electromechanical and electronic components, pneumatic elements represent another option for use in automatic controls. Such components are characterized by a long service life, insensitivity to electromagnetic interference, water and moisture and simple connections of pneumatic actuators. Pneumatic components work in such a way that an electrical signal is triggered by pressure changes (pressure increase or pressure drop). Depending on the version of the pressure sensor, a distinction is made between membrane switches, Bourdon tube switches and piston switches. Components of this type are used to avoid incorrect operation of work machines, crushing in automatic doors, or the like.

Eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist aus der CH-A- 610 382 bekannt. Bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung ist ein Druckgeber mit zwei Druckwellenschaltem verbunden, so daß bei Aufbringen eines Druckes die Schalter betätigt und ein Überwachungsrelais geschaltet werden kann. Durch eine geeignete Schaltung ist gewährleistet, daß auch bei einer Störung des Systems noch eine gewisse Zeit die erforderlichen Funktionen ausgeführt werden können. Nicht gewährleistet jedoch ist die Funktion des Systems, wenn beispielsweise die Leitungen von dem Druckgeber zu den Druckwellenschaltem defekt sind, so daß in diesen kein Druck aufgebaut werden kann, oder wenn das Ereignis, durch welches ein Druck ausgelöst wird, nicht mehr_von der Leitung entfernt wird, so daß der Druck innerhalb der Leitung wieder konstant ist.A generic device is known from CH-A-610 382. In this known device, a pressure transmitter is connected to two pressure wave switches, so that when a pressure is applied, the switches are actuated and a monitoring relay can be switched. A suitable circuit ensures that the required functions can still be carried out for a certain time even if the system malfunctions. However, the function of the system is not guaranteed if, for example, the lines from the pressure transmitter to the pressure wave switches are defective, so that no pressure can be built up in them, or if the event by which pressure is triggered is no longer removed from the line , so that the pressure within the line is constant again.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Uberwachung einer Arbeitsmaschine, einer Tür od. dgl. derart auszugestalten, daß sich das System selbst überwacht.The invention is based on the object of designing a generic device for monitoring a work machine, a door or the like in such a way that the system monitors itself.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß eine Pumpe unter Zwischenschaltung eines Rückschlagventils mit einem der Druckwellenschalter über eine Leitung verbunden ist, von der zwischen dem Druckwellenschalter und dem Rückschlagventil die über den Druckgeber zu dem underen Druckwellenschalter führende Leitung abzweigt.This object is achieved in that a pump with the interposition of a check valve is connected to one of the pressure wave switches via a line, from which branches off between the pressure wave switch and the check valve, the line leading via the pressure transmitter to the other pressure wave switch.

Mit Hilfe der den Druck in den Leitungen zu den Druckwellenschaltem aufbauenden Pumpe, dem Druckgeber und den Druckwellenschaltem ist es möglich, eine sich selbst überwachende pneumatische Anordnung zu schaffen, durch welche Warnmeldungen erfolgen, wenn das Gerät nicht aktiviert ist, der Druckgeber betätigt wird, keine Versorgungsspannung vorhanden ist, die Schlauchleitungen bzw. der Druckgeber in der Funktion gestört sind (undicht oder gequetscht), oder Komponenten in der Druckwellenkombination selbst defekt sind. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen System kann sowohl ein Über- als auch ein Unterdruck in der Leitung, die zwischen der Pumpe und den Druckwellenschaltern angeordnet ist, erfaßt und gemeldet werden, damit die erforderlichen Schaltungen durchgeführt werden können. Bei einer Quetschung der Leitung zwischen den Druckwellenschaltern wird beispielsweise ein Überdruck an dem einen Druckwellenschalter und gleichzeitig ein Unterdruck an dem anderen Druckwellenschalter ermittelt. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird ein gesteuerter Dauerdruck erzeugt, der im gesamten pneumatischen Teil annähernd konstant ist. Die Pumpe ist am Anfang einer pneumatischen Kette angeordnet und die Unterdruckmessung erfolgt am Ende der Kette. Wird an irgendeiner Stelle dieser Kette der Durchfluß der Luft verhindert, meldet am Ende der Kette der Druckwellenschalterkontakt einen Unterdruck. Das vorher angezogene Relais fällt ab und gibt die Meldung weiter. Die Meldung des Überdrucks bei der Betätigung des Druckgebers erfolgt zusätzlich am Anfang und Ende der pneumatischen Kette und wirkt auf dasselbe Relais ein. Die statische und dynamische Überwachung der erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitssteuerung sowohl des pneumatischen Teils als auch des elektrischen Systems erfolgt im Ruhedruck bzw. im Ruhestromprinzip.With the help of the pump building up the pressure in the lines to the pressure wave switches, the pressure transmitter and the pressure wave switch, it is possible to create a self-monitoring pneumatic arrangement, by means of which warning messages are issued if the device is not activated, the pressure transmitter is actuated, none There is a supply voltage, the hose lines or the pressure transmitter are malfunctioning (leaking or crushed), or components in the pressure wave combination itself are defective. In the system according to the invention, both an overpressure and a vacuum in the line, which is arranged between the pump and the pressure wave switches, can be detected and reported so that the necessary circuits can be carried out. If the line is squeezed between the pressure wave switches, for example, an overpressure at one pressure wave switch and at the same time a negative pressure at the other pressure wave switch are determined. In the device according to the invention, a controlled permanent pressure is generated which is approximately constant in the entire pneumatic part. The pump is arranged at the beginning of a pneumatic chain and the vacuum measurement takes place at the end of the chain. If the flow of air is prevented at any point in this chain, the pressure wave switch contact reports a negative pressure at the end of the chain. The previously energized relay drops out and passes the message on. The signaling of the overpressure when the pressure transmitter is actuated also occurs at the beginning and end of the pneumatic chain and acts on the same relay. The static and dynamic monitoring of the safety control according to the invention, both of the pneumatic part and of the electrical system, takes place in the idle pressure or in the idle current principle.

Als Druckgeber kann insbesondere ein Durchgangsdruckgeber (Zwei-Weg-Druckgeber) von mindestens 0,5 m Länge angeschlossen werden. Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, daß zwischen der -Pumpe und den Druckwellenschaltem ein Luftfestwiderstand angeordnet ist.In particular, a passage pressure transmitter (two-way pressure transmitter) with a length of at least 0.5 m can be connected as a pressure transmitter. It can further be provided that an air-tight resistor is arranged between the pump and the pressure wave switch.

Um die Empfindlichkeit und Schnelligkeit des Systems bei Benutzung überlanger Schlauchleitungen zwischen den Druckgebern und den Druckwellenschaltem zu erhöhen, können bevorzugtermaßen am Druckgeber direkt angebrachte Druckwellenschalter angeordnet werden.In order to increase the sensitivity and speed of the system when using excessively long hose lines between the pressure transmitters and the pressure wave switches, pressure wave switches directly attached to the pressure transmitter can preferably be arranged.

Die Druckwellenschalter sind bevorzugtermaßen mit einem Umschaltkontakt ausgebildet.The pressure wave switches are preferably designed with a changeover contact.

Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, daß der Pumpendruck im Bereich von 5 bis 7 mbar liegt. Um diesen Arbeitsdruck aufrechtzuerhalten, kann bevorzugtermaßen ein Pumpintervall von ca. 20 Sek. vorgesehen sein. Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, daß das Überwachungsrelais bei einem Druck unter 3,5 mbar bzw. bei einem Druck über 11,0 mbar abfällt.It can also be provided that the pump pressure is in the range from 5 to 7 mbar. In order to maintain this working pressure, a pump interval of approximately 20 seconds can preferably be provided. It can also be provided that the monitoring relay drops out at a pressure below 3.5 mbar or at a pressure above 11.0 mbar.

Der Zustand des Systems, d. h. insbesondere die Aktivität der Pumpe und die Druckangaben können über Anzeigen kenntlich gemacht werden, wobei insbesondere LED-Anzeigen verwendet werden können.The state of the system, i. H. in particular the activity of the pump and the pressure information can be identified by displays, in particular LED displays can be used.

Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, daß für die Erhöhung des Pumpendrucks nach Abschaltung eine Zeitverlängerung vorgesehen ist, d. h., daß die Pumpenrelais-Erregung noch für ca. 300 ms bestehen bleibt.It can further be provided that a time extension is provided for increasing the pump pressure after switching off, i. That is, the pump relay excitation remains for about 300 ms.

Zur Gewährleistung der Funktionsfähigkeit des Systems ist dieses bevorzugtermaßen dicht aus. gebildet, wobei die Dichtigkeit beispielsweise durch Verkleben der Verbindungsstellen erreicht werden kann. Um eine eventuelle thermische oder atmosphärische Druckveränderung des pneumatischen Systems ausgleichen zu können, können an den Druckwellenschaltem Einstellschrauben zur Einstellung einer vorgegebenen Undichtigkeit vorgesehen sein.To ensure the functionality of the system, it is preferably tight. formed, the tightness can be achieved for example by gluing the joints. In order to be able to compensate for any thermal or atmospheric pressure change in the pneumatic system, adjusting screws can be provided on the pressure wave switch for setting a predetermined leak.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen :

  • Fig. 1 eine Prinzipschaltung eines pneumatischen Systems einer Druckwellenkombination,
  • Fig. 2 in schematischer Darstellung eine Ausführungsform einer Druckwellenkombination mit Druckgeber,
  • Fig. 3 in schematischer Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel steuerungsrelevanter Druckbereiche,
  • Fig. 4 eine Prinzipschaltung der Pumpensteuerung,
  • Fig. 5 eine Prinzipschaltung des Überwachungskreises,
  • Fig. 6 eine Prinzipschaltung analog Fig. 1 mit zwei Überwachungsrelais,
  • Fig. 7 eine Prinzipschaltung einer Druckwellenkombination, mit 24 V Gleichstrom oder Wechselstrom betrieben und
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments. Show it :
  • 1 shows a basic circuit of a pneumatic system of a pressure wave combination,
  • 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a pressure wave combination with pressure transmitter,
  • 3 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of control-relevant pressure ranges,
  • 4 shows a basic circuit of the pump control,
  • 5 shows a basic circuit of the monitoring circuit,
  • 6 shows a basic circuit analogous to FIG. 1 with two monitoring relays,
  • Fig. 7 is a basic circuit of a pressure wave combination, operated with 24 V DC or AC and

Rg. 8 eine Prinzipschaltung analog Fig. 7 mit zwei Überwachungsrelais.8 shows a basic circuit analogous to FIG. 7 with two monitoring relays.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Prinzipschaltung einer Druckwellenkombination mit einem ersten Druckwellenschalter 10, einem zweiten Druckwellenschalter 12, einer Pumpe 14 und einem Überwachungsrelais 16. An die Pumpe 14 ist über Klemmen 18, 20 eine Versorgungsspannung von 220 V Wechselstrom angelegt. Über einen geeigneten Wandler 22 wird diese Versorgungsspannung auf eine Erregerspannung von 27 V Gleichstrom gewandelt, die zur Erregung eines Pumpenrelais 24 und zur Erregung des Uberwachungsrelais 16 erforderlich ist. Zur Anzeige der verschiedenen Betriebszustände des Systems sind LED-Anzeigen 26, 28, 30 und 32 vorgesehen. Die LED (Light Emitting Diode) 26 zeigt an, ob die Pumpe in Betrieb ist. Die LED 28 leuchtet auf, sobald der durch die Pumpe erzeugte Druck den unteren Grenzwert erreicht hat. Diese LED 28 leuchtet wie die LED 26 gelb. Die grün leuchtende LED 30 zeigt an, daß der Druck in dem System innerhalb der vorbestimmten Grenzen liegt. Wenn die LED 32 rot aufleuchtet; wird angezeigt, daß in dem System eine Störung vorliegt, d. h., daß der Druck entweder unterhalb des unteren Grenzwertes liegt, d. h., wenn ein Unterdruck vorhanden ist, oder daß der Druck oberhalb der oberen Grenze liegt, d. h. daß ein Überdruck in dem System vorhanden ist. In dem Druckwellenschalter 10 ist ein Umschaltkontakt 34 und in dem Druckwellenschalter 12 ein Umschaltkontakt 36 vorgesehen. Das Überwachungsrelais 16 ist mit einem Vorwiderstand 38, versehen und weist Umschaltkontakte 37 und 40 auf. Der Kontakt 40 ist mit Anschlußkontakten 41, 42, 44 und 46 versehen und stellt den Nutzkontakt für die zu überwachende Maschine dar. Dieses Relais 16 dient der Ein- und AusSchaltung einer angeschlossenen Arbeitsmaschine.1 shows a basic circuit of a pressure wave combination with a first pressure wave switch 10, a second pressure wave switch 12, a pump 14 and a monitoring relay 16. A supply voltage of 220 V AC is applied to the pump 14 via terminals 18, 20. Using a suitable converter 22, this supply voltage is converted to an excitation voltage of 27 V direct current, which is required to excite a pump relay 24 and to excite the monitoring relay 16. LED displays 26, 28, 30 and 32 are provided to display the various operating states of the system. The LED (Light Emitting Diode) 26 indicates whether the pump is in operation. LED 28 lights up as soon as the pressure generated by the pump has reached the lower limit. This LED 28 shines yellow like the LED 26. The green lit LED 30 indicates that the pressure in the system is within the predetermined limits. When the LED 32 lights up red; indicates that there is a malfunction in the system, i. that is, the pressure is either below the lower limit, i.e. i.e., when there is negative pressure or that the pressure is above the upper limit, i.e. H. that there is overpressure in the system. A changeover contact 34 is provided in the pressure wave switch 10 and a changeover contact 36 is provided in the pressure wave switch 12. The monitoring relay 16 is provided with a series resistor 38 and has changeover contacts 37 and 40. The contact 40 is provided with connection contacts 41, 42, 44 and 46 and represents the useful contact for the machine to be monitored. This relay 16 is used to switch a connected machine on and off.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Prinzipschaltung einer Ausführungsform einer Druckwellenkombination. Die Pumpe 14 ist über eine Leitung 50 mit dem ersten Druckwellenschalter 10 verbunden. In der Leitung 50 sind in Folge vorgesehen ein Luftfestwiderstand 52 und ein Rückschlagventil 54. Zwischen dem Rückschlagventil 54 und dem ersten Druckwellenschalter 10 zweigt eine Leitung 56 ab, die zu dem zweiten Druckwellenschalter 12 führt. In der Leitung 56 ist zwischen dem Druckwellenschalter 10 und dem Druckwellenschalter 12 ein Druckgeber 58 angeordnet. Damit ist es möglich, die zu dem Druckgeber führende Schlauchleitung auf Quetschung zu überwachen. Schematisch dargestellt sind in der Schlauchleitung 56 mögliche Quetschstellen 60 bzw. 62. Bei Quetschung einer Seite des Schlauches wird der Druck an dem Druckwellenschalter 12 registriert und gemeldet. Ein Unterdruck in dem Druckgeber, beispielsweise wenn der Druck durch die Quetschstelle 60 unterbrochen ist, wird von dem am Ende des pneumatischen Systems befindlichen Druckwellenschalter 12 gemeldet. Der in dem Druckwellenschalter 10 vorhandene Umschaltkontakt 34 steuert die Pumpe 14 und meldet einen Überdruck in dem System. Der in dem Druckwellenschalter 12 vorhandene Umschaltkontakt 36 meldet einen Über- und einen Unterdruck. Weiterhin sind in Fig. 2 gezeigt die LED's zur Anzeige des aktuellen Betriebszustands des Systems. Wie bereits ausgeführt, zeigt die gelbe LED 26 an, daß die Pumpe in Betrieb ist, die gelbe LED 28 zeigt an, daß der Druck aufgebaut ist, die grüne LED 30 zeigt an, daß das System in Ordnung ist, nachdem es gestartet wurde, und die rote LED 32 zeigt an, daß eine Störung in dem System vorliegt. Erst bei Betätigung des Startknopfes 80 leuchtet die grüne LED 30 auf, d. h. die gelbe LED 28 bzw. die rote LED 32 erlischt.2 shows a basic circuit of an embodiment of a pressure wave combination. The pump 14 is connected to the first pressure wave switch 10 via a line 50. An air-tight resistor 52 and a check valve 54 are provided in the line 50 in succession. A line 56 branches off between the check valve 54 and the first pressure wave switch 10 and leads to the second pressure wave switch 12. A pressure transmitter 58 is arranged in the line 56 between the pressure wave switch 10 and the pressure wave switch 12. This makes it possible to monitor the hose line leading to the pressure transmitter for crushing. Possible pinch points 60 and 62 are shown schematically in the hose line 56. If one side of the hose is pinched, the pressure is registered and reported at the pressure wave switch 12. A negative pressure in the pressure transmitter, for example when the pressure is interrupted by the pinch point 60, is reported by the pressure wave switch 12 located at the end of the pneumatic system. The changeover contact 34 present in the pressure wave switch 10 controls the pump 14 and reports an overpressure in the system. The changeover contact 36 present in the pressure wave switch 12 reports an overpressure and a vacuum. 2 shows the LEDs for displaying the current operating state of the system. As already stated, the yellow LED 26 indicates that the pump is in operation, the yellow LED 28 indicates that the pressure has built up, the green LED 30 indicates that the system is OK after it has been started, and the red LED 32 indicates that there is a fault in the system. The green LED 30 only lights up when the start button 80 is actuated, i. H. the yellow LED 28 or the red LED 32 goes out.

Die in Fig. 2 gezeigte Vorrichtung arbeitet folgendermaßen : Die in das System integrierte Pumpe 14 erzeugt einen Arbeitsdruck. Dieser Druck wird von dem Luftfestwiderstand 52 reduziert über das Rückschlagventil 54 dem Druckwellenschalter 10 zugeführt. Mit dem Öffnungskontakt in dem Druckwellenschalter 10 wird über ein Relais mit fester Aus-Schaltverzögerung die Pumpe 14 und somit der Arbeitsdruck gesteuert. Der Schließkontakt des Druckwellenschalters 10 registriert den Überdruck auf der linken Seite vom Druckgeber 58 aus gesehen. Das Rückschlagventil 54 verhindert, daß der Arbeitsdruck sich über die Pumpe 14 abbauen kann. Weiterhin wird die Luft über die Schlauchleitung 56 in den Druckgeber 58 hinein und aus diesem Druckgeber 58 weiter zu dem Druckwellenschalter 12 zugeführt. Dieser Druckwellenschalter 12 hat wie bereits ausgeführt ebenfalls einen Umschaltkontakt. Der Öffner registriert dabei einen Unterdruck und der Schließer registriert den Überdruck vom Druckgeber 58 aus gesehen auf der rechten Seite am Ende der pneumatischen Leitung 56. Der Unterdruck ist dabei bevorzugtermaßen definiert, wenn der Druck in der pneumatischen Leitung kleiner oder gleich ist als 3,5 mbar. Ein Überdruck in der Leitung liegt vor, wenn der Druck in der Leitung größer oder gleich ist als 11 mbar. In beiden Fällen zeigt das System eine Störung an.The device shown in FIG. 2 operates as follows: The pump 14 integrated in the system generates a working pressure. This pressure is reduced by the air-tight resistor 52 and supplied to the pressure wave switch 10 via the check valve 54. With the opening contact in the pressure wave switch 10, the pump 14 and thus the working pressure is controlled via a relay with a fixed switch-off delay. The closing contact of the pressure wave switch 10 registers the overpressure on the left side as seen from the pressure transmitter 58. The check valve 54 prevents the working pressure from being released via the pump 14. Furthermore, the air flows into and out of this pressure transmitter 58 via the hose line 56 further supplied to the pressure wave switch 12. As already stated, this pressure wave switch 12 also has a changeover contact. The opener registers a negative pressure and the closer registers the positive pressure as seen from the pressure transmitter 58 on the right-hand side at the end of the pneumatic line 56. The negative pressure is preferably defined when the pressure in the pneumatic line is less than or equal to 3.5 mbar. There is an overpressure in the line if the pressure in the line is greater than or equal to 11 mbar. In both cases, the system indicates a malfunction.

Fig. 3 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung die bevorzugten steuerungsrelevanten Druckbereiche. Wenn eine Druckwellenkombination beispielsweise an eine Arbeitsmaschine angeschlossen ist, wird die Versorgungsspannung über die Klemmen 18 und 20 angeschlossen. Die Pumpe 14 beginnt dann zu pumpen, was durch die gelbe Pumpen LED-Anzeige sichtbar gemacht wird. Gleichzeitig damit leuchtet die rote LED-Anzeige 32 auf, die eine Warnung anzeigt, da der Druck geringer ist als 3,5 mbar. Nach Erreichen von 3,5 mbar leuchtet die gelbe LED-Anzeige 28 auf, die anzeigt, daß der Druck in dem Bereich zwischen 3,5 und 11 mbar liegt. Wenn die Kombination jetzt durch einen Druckknopf intern oder extern gestartet wird, erlischt die rote LED-Anzeige 32 und die grüne LED-Anzeige 30 leuchtet auf, die anzeigt, daß das System in Ordnung ist. Sobald ein Druck von 5,0 mbar in dem System erreicht worden ist, unterbricht der Öffner des Druckwellenschalters 10 die Pumpenrelaiserregung. Das Pumpenrelais 24 bleibt aber noch für ca. 300 msec angezogen, damit sich in dieser Zeit der Druck in dem System bis ca. 7,0 mbar erhöhen kann. Dafür ist ein Abgleich 15 vorgesehen. Nach diesen 300 msec fällt das Relais 24 ab und die Pumpe 14 bleibt stehen, was mit einem Erlöschen der Pumpen-LED-Anzeige 26 verbunden ist. Wenn der Druck in dem System nach einiger Zeit auf 5,0 mbar abfällt, wird die Pumpe 14 erneut eingeschaltet. Dieser Pumpenvorgang wiederholt sich geeignetermaßen in Intervallen von ca. 20 Sek.3 shows a schematic representation of the preferred control-relevant pressure ranges. If a pressure wave combination is connected to a work machine, for example, the supply voltage is connected via terminals 18 and 20. The pump 14 then begins to pump, which is indicated by the yellow pump LED display. At the same time, the red LED display 32 lights up, which indicates a warning that the pressure is less than 3.5 mbar. After reaching 3.5 mbar, the yellow LED display 28 lights up, which indicates that the pressure is in the range between 3.5 and 11 mbar. If the combination is now started internally or externally by a push button, the red LED display 32 goes out and the green LED display 30 lights up, which indicates that the system is OK. As soon as a pressure of 5.0 mbar has been reached in the system, the opener of the pressure wave switch 10 interrupts the pump relay excitation. The pump relay 24 remains energized for approximately 300 msec, however, so that the pressure in the system can increase to approximately 7.0 mbar during this time. A comparison 15 is provided for this. After these 300 msec, the relay 24 drops out and the pump 14 stops, which means that the pump LED display 26 goes out. If the pressure in the system drops to 5.0 mbar after some time, the pump 14 is switched on again. This pumping process is suitably repeated at intervals of approximately 20 seconds.

Da das pneumatische System dicht sein muß, muß die Dichtheit nötigenfalls durch Verkleben an den Verbindungsstellen erreicht werden. An den Druckwellenschaltern 10 und 12 ist aber eine einstellbare Undichtigkeit vorhanden, mit der eine eventuelle thermische oder atmosphärische Druckveränderung des pneumatischen Systems ausgeglichen werden kann. Dazu sind Einstellschrauben vorgesehen, mit denen eine vorgegebene Undichtigkeit werksseitig einstellbar ist.Since the pneumatic system must be tight, the tightness must be achieved if necessary by gluing at the connection points. However, there is an adjustable leak on the pressure wave switches 10 and 12, with which a possible thermal or atmospheric pressure change of the pneumatic system can be compensated. For this purpose, adjusting screws are provided with which a specified leak can be set in the factory.

Nach der Betätigung des Startknopfes zieht das Relais 16 an und geht durch den eigenen Kontakt 37 in Selbsthaltung (Ruhestromprinzip). Diese Stellung ist die eigentliche Überwachungsstellung des Systems. Nach einem Spannungsausfall oder einem Auftreten eines Über- oder eines Unterdruckes fällt das Relais 16 ab und muß wieder neu gestartet werden. Nach Abfallen des Relais 16 erlischt die grüne LED-Anzeige 30 und die rote LED-Anzeige 32 leuchtet auf.After pressing the start button, the relay 16 picks up and goes through its own contact 37 in self-holding (closed-circuit principle). This position is the actual monitoring position of the system. After a power failure or an overpressure or underpressure occurs, the relay 16 drops out and must be restarted. After relay 16 drops out, the green LED display 30 goes out and the red LED display 32 lights up.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Prinzipschaltung der Pumpensteuerung. Die Erregerspannung des Relais 24 von 27 V gelangt von dem bis 5,0 mbar geschlossenen Öffnungskontakt 34 des Druckwellenschalters 10 über eine Diode 70 und eine Diode 72 und die gelbe Leuchtdiode 26 an das Relais 24. In dieser Zeit werden auch Kondensatoren 74 und 76 geladen. Das Relais 24 zieht an und legt sich über den eigenen Kontakt, den geladenen Kondensator 76 an die Spule. Gleichzeitig wird über eine Diode 78 die Pumpe 14 erregt. Der bei 5,0 mbar druckunterbrechende Druckwellenschalter 10 verlängert um ca. 300 msec aus dem Zeitkondensator die Pumpenerregung, bis ein Druck von ca. 7,0 mbar aufgebaut ist. Dann fällt das Relais 24 ab, die Pumpe 14 bleibt stehen und die gelbe Leuchtdiode 26 erlischt. Der in dem System abfallende Druck bringt erneut bei 5,0 mbar Druck das Relais 24 zum Anziehen und dadurch die Pumpe 14 in Betrieb. Dieser Vorgang wiederholt sich in Intervallen von ca. 20 Sek.Fig. 4 shows a basic circuit of the pump control. The excitation voltage of the relay 24 of 27 V reaches the relay 24 from the opening contact 34 of the pressure wave switch 10 which is closed up to 5.0 mbar, via a diode 70 and a diode 72 and the yellow light-emitting diode 26 to the relay 24. During this time, capacitors 74 and 76 are also charged . The relay 24 picks up and lies on its own contact, the charged capacitor 76 to the coil. At the same time, the pump 14 is excited via a diode 78. The pressure wave switch 10, which interrupts pressure at 5.0 mbar, extends the pump excitation by approx. 300 msec from the time capacitor until a pressure of approx. 7.0 mbar is built up. Then the relay 24 drops out, the pump 14 stops and the yellow LED 26 goes out. The pressure drop in the system again pulls the relay 24 at 5.0 mbar pressure and thereby the pump 14 into operation. This process is repeated at intervals of approximately 20 seconds.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine Pnnzipschaltυng des Überwachungskreises. Die eigentliche Uberwachungsschaltung besteht aus dem Druckwellenschalter 10 mit Wechsler 34 und dem Druckwellenschalter 12 mit Wechsler 36, den über den Zustand der Kombination aussagenden LED-Anzeigen 28, 30 und 32 und dem Überwachungsrelais 16 mit seinem Vorwiderstand 38. Die beiden Druckwellenschalter 10 und 12 sind geometrisch so angeordnet, daß sie einmal vor dem Druckgeber 58 und einmal nach dem Druckgeber 58 angeordnet sind, um die zu dem Druckgeber führenden Schlauchleitungen 56 u. a. auf Quetschungen oder Bruch zu überwachen.Fig. 5 shows a Pnnzipschaltυng the monitoring circuit. The actual monitoring circuit consists of the pressure wave switch 10 with changer 34 and the pressure wave switch 12 with changer 36, the LED indicators 28, 30 and 32, which state the state of the combination, and the monitoring relay 16 with its series resistor 38. The two pressure wave switches 10 and 12 are geometrically arranged so that they are arranged once in front of the pressure sensor 58 and once after the pressure sensor 58 to the hose lines 56 u. a. monitor for bruises or breaks.

Wenn die Betriebsspannung des Systems vorhanden ist, kann die Überwachung nur gestartet werden, wenn der Kurzschluß des Relais 16, der von dem Druckwellenschalter 12 ausgelöst worden ist, aufgehoben wird. Dies ist mit Erreichen von 3,5 bzw. 11,0 mbar Druck in dem System gegeben. Bei 3,5 mbar öffnet der Öffner des Druckwellenschalters 12 und die gelbe LED-Anzeige 28 « Druck leuchtet auf. Nach Betätigen eines Tasters 80 geht das Relais 16- über den eigenen Kontakt 37 in Selbsthaltung. Die rote LED-Anzeige 32 erlischt und die grüne LED-Anzeige 30 leuchtet auf. Wie bereits ausgeführt, sind die Abfallbedingungen für das Relais 16 folgende: Bei einem als Unterdruck bezeichneten Druck von kleiner gleich 3,5 mbar wird das pneumatische System als unterbrochen angesehen und bei einem als Überdruck bezeichneten Druck von. größer gleich 11,0 mbar erfolgt eine Gefahrenmeidung. Bei Unter- oder Überdruck wird das Relais 16 kurzgeschlossen und fällt ab.If the operating voltage of the system is present, the monitoring can only be started if the short circuit of the relay 16, which has been triggered by the pressure wave switch 12, is released. This is the case when the pressure in the system reaches 3.5 or 11.0 mbar. The opener of the pressure wave switch 12 opens at 3.5 mbar and the yellow LED display 28 «Pressure lights up. After pressing a button 80, the relay 16- goes into latching via its own contact 37. The red LED display 32 goes out and the green LED display 30 lights up. As already stated, the drop conditions for relay 16 are as follows: at a pressure of less than or equal to 3.5 mbar, the pneumatic system is considered to be interrupted and at a pressure of overpressure. Danger avoidance is greater than or equal to 11.0 mbar. In the event of negative or positive pressure, the relay 16 is short-circuited and drops out.

Durch diese gewählte Schaltung ist es möglich, die Empfindlichkeit der Schaltung durch außerhalb der Steuerung angebrachte Druckwellenschalter wesentlich zu erhöhen. Zu diesem Zweck genügt es, einen auf 3,5 mbar und 11,0 mbar eingestellten Druckwellenwechselkontakt 82 direkt an den Druckgeber 58 anzuschließen und elektrisch mit der Kombination zu verbinden. Schließer und Öffner des Druckwellenschalters sind dabei zu brücken und an Klemmen 84 und 86 zu legen. Hierdurch wird Unter- oder Überdruck direkt an dem Druckgeber registriert und ohne eventuell lange Verbindungsschläuche zu durchlaufen, sofort elektrisch in der Kombination verarbeitet. Der außenliegende Druckwellenschalter 82 ist in der Funktion mit dem in der Kombination befindlichen Druckwellenschalter 12 identisch.This selected circuit makes it possible to significantly increase the sensitivity of the circuit by means of pressure wave switches mounted outside the control. For this purpose, it is sufficient to connect a pressure wave change contact 82 set to 3.5 mbar and 11.0 mbar directly to the pressure transmitter 58 and to connect it electrically to the combination. The NO contacts and NC contacts of the pressure wave switch must be bridged and connected to terminals 84 and 86. As a result, negative or positive pressure is registered directly at the pressure transmitter and immediately processed electrically in the combination without possibly having to go through long connecting hoses. The function of the external pressure wave switch 82 is identical to that of the pressure wave switch 12 in the combination.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Prinzipschaltung analoge Schaltung, bei welcher aber zusätzlich zu dem Überwachungsrelais 16 noch weitere Überwachungsrelais 17, 17a um die Betriebssicherheit zu gewährleisten, wenn das erste Relais 16 ausfallen sollte. Da die Ausgangskontakte dieser Relais in Serie geschaltet sind, ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit, daß alle Kontakte zur selben Zeit ausfallen, sehr gering.FIG. 6 shows a circuit analogous to the basic circuit shown in FIG. 1, but in which, in addition to the monitoring relay 16, further monitoring relays 17, 17a in order to ensure operational reliability if the first relay 16 should fail. Since the output contacts of these relays are connected in series, the probability that all contacts fail at the same time is very low.

Die Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen Prinzipschaltungen von Druckwellenkombinationen, welche direkt mit Wechsel- oder Gleichstrom von 24 V gespeist werden und welche ein Überwachungsrelais 16 (Fig. 7) bzw. zwei Überwachungsrelais 16 und 17, 17a (Fig. 8) analog Fig. 1 bzw. 6 aufweisen.7 and 8 show basic circuits of pressure wave combinations which are fed directly with alternating or direct current of 24 V and which have a monitoring relay 16 (FIG. 7) or two monitoring relays 16 and 17, 17a (FIG. 8) analogous to FIG. 1 or 6.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bzw. dem erfindungsgemäßen System ist es möglich, die Erfassung von Unter- und Überdruck durch lediglich zwei Druckwellenschalter vorzunehmen. Zur Erreichung der oberen Grenze des Pumpendruckes wird nach Abschaltung eine Zeitvenängerung herangezogen. Die Empfindlichkeit und Schnelligkeit des Systems kann bei Benutzung uberlanger Schlauchleitungen zwischen dem Druckgeber und den Druckwellenschaltem durch zusätzlich am Druckgeber direkt angebrachte Druckwellenschalter erhöht werden. Die angeführten Strom-, Druck- und Zeitwerte stellen bevorzugte, eine große Funktionssicherheit garantierende Werte dar. Es ist natürlich möglich, die Vorrichtung zu anderen Bereichen zu fahren. Der Druckgeber kann in Form einer Matte oder als elastische Kante am Rand einer Tür ausgebildet sein.With the device according to the invention or the system according to the invention, it is possible to detect negative and positive pressure by means of only two pressure wave switches. To reach the upper limit of the pump pressure, a time extension is used after switching off. The sensitivity and speed of the system can be increased by using extra-long hose lines between the pressure sensor and the pressure wave switch by additional pressure wave switches directly attached to the pressure sensor. The stated current, pressure and time values represent preferred values which guarantee a high degree of functional reliability. It is of course possible to move the device to other areas. The pressure transmitter can be designed in the form of a mat or as an elastic edge on the edge of a door.

Die Überwachung sowohl des pneumatischen als auch des elektrischen Systems erfolgt bei den vorstehend beschriebenen Vorrichtungen im Ruhedruck- bzw. im Ruhestromprinzip.The monitoring of both the pneumatic and the electrical system is carried out in the above-described devices in the static pressure or in the closed-circuit principle.

Claims (11)

1. Equipment for monitoring a working machine, door etc., consisting of a combination of pressure-wave switches (10) and (12), between which is situated a pressure-emitter (58) whose connection to the pressure-wave switches (10, 12) is by pipes (50, 56 ; 56), and with a monitoring relay (16) actuated by the pressure-wave switches (10, 12), characterized in that a pump (14) is connected via a non-return valve (54) to one of the pressure-wave switches (10) by a pipe (50) from which, between the pressure-wave switch (10) and the non-return valve (54), the pipe (56) branches off leading via the pressure-emitter (58) to the other pressure-wave switch (12).
2. Equipment in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the pipes (50, 56) are hoses.
3. Equipment in accordance with claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a fixed air restrictor (52) is mounted between the pump (14) and the pressure-wave switches (10, 12).
4. Equipment in accordance with one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pressure-emitter (58) is a througfi-flow pressure emitter (two-way pressure-emitter) in the form of a pressure strip, door-protecting profiled member, or pressure mat.
5. Equipment in accordance with one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that where there are excessively long hoses (56) between pressure-emitter (58) and pressure-wave switches (10, 12), pressure-wave switches (82) are mounted directly on the pressure-emitter (58).
6. Equipment in accordance with one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pressure-wave switches (10, 12) have reversing contacts (34, 36).
7. Equipment in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pump pressure is 5.0 to 7.0 mbar, that the pump interval is approximately 20 seconds, and that with a pressure below 3.5 mbar or above 11.0 mbar the monitoring relay (16) drops out.
8. Equipment in accordance with one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that LED-indicators (26-32) are provided to display the pump state and pressure levels.
9. Equipment in accordance with one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that to increase the pump pressure after switching off there is a time lag of approximately 300 milliseconds.
10. Equipment in accordance with one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the system is sealed and that the unions of the system are glued together or screwed up by means of pipe clips.
11. Equipment in accordance with one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that adjusting screws are provided on the pressure-wave switches (10, 12) to adjust any leakage.
EP84101191A 1983-02-28 1984-02-06 Control device, particularly for controlling a machine, a door or the like Expired EP0117461B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84101191T ATE43925T1 (en) 1983-02-28 1984-02-06 DEVICE PARTICULARLY FOR MONITORING A WORKING MACHINE, A DOOR, OR THE LIKE.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3306965 1983-02-28
DE3306965 1983-02-28
DE3325680 1983-07-15
DE3325680A DE3325680A1 (en) 1983-02-28 1983-07-15 DEVICE IN PARTICULAR FOR MONITORING A WORKING MACHINE, DOOR, OR THE LIKE

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0117461A2 EP0117461A2 (en) 1984-09-05
EP0117461A3 EP0117461A3 (en) 1985-08-21
EP0117461B1 true EP0117461B1 (en) 1989-06-07

Family

ID=25808604

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84101191A Expired EP0117461B1 (en) 1983-02-28 1984-02-06 Control device, particularly for controlling a machine, a door or the like

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0117461B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3325680A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH610382A5 (en) * 1976-04-09 1979-04-12 Bircher Ag Electropneumatic safety control device for an automatic door or gate operating system
CH637726A5 (en) * 1979-01-26 1983-08-15 Bircher Ag Electropneumatic safety control device for a system provided with a drive
DE3014192A1 (en) * 1980-04-14 1981-10-15 Ernst Tesch Gmbh & Co Kg, 5600 Wuppertal Status signal to indicate overload condition - uses oscillator gated to drive display and alarm if overload occurs

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DE3325680A1 (en) 1984-08-30
EP0117461A2 (en) 1984-09-05
EP0117461A3 (en) 1985-08-21
DE3478648D1 (en) 1989-07-20

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