EP0115886B1 - Wall formed by staggered stacking of plaster blocks, and plaster block for use in such a wall - Google Patents

Wall formed by staggered stacking of plaster blocks, and plaster block for use in such a wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0115886B1
EP0115886B1 EP19840200071 EP84200071A EP0115886B1 EP 0115886 B1 EP0115886 B1 EP 0115886B1 EP 19840200071 EP19840200071 EP 19840200071 EP 84200071 A EP84200071 A EP 84200071A EP 0115886 B1 EP0115886 B1 EP 0115886B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blocks
wall
hollows
plaster
block
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840200071
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0115886A1 (en
Inventor
Jacobus C.A. De Kroon
Cornelis Evertse Plugge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GIPSBOUW B.V.
Original Assignee
GIPSBOUW BV
VERENIGDE BEDRIJVEN BREDERO NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GIPSBOUW BV, VERENIGDE BEDRIJVEN BREDERO NV filed Critical GIPSBOUW BV
Publication of EP0115886A1 publication Critical patent/EP0115886A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0115886B1 publication Critical patent/EP0115886B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/26—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0228—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues next to each other on one end surface and grooves next to each other on opposite end surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wall formed by staggered stacking of plaster blocks having hollows brought in vertical communication to form channels in which a hardenable material was poured said material being hardened preventing the wall from dismantling.
  • the application of massive plaster blocks for manufacturing non-supporting inner walls in a house is known.
  • the important advantage of plaster blocks is that plastering of the ready wall is not necessary.
  • the blocks have a great dimensional stability and are not subject to shrinking.
  • the adhesive pressed outwards between the blocks, is removed by a pat. Further finishing is superfluous.
  • Wall paper can be applied directly on the non-plastered wall.
  • a disadvantage of massive plaster blocks for a wall is that the blocks can not take up large weights and that as a consequence of the small density the sound insulating properties are rather bad.
  • each hollow is divided by a partition into two hollow portions.
  • Each hollow portion thus formed is in vertical connection only with a hollow portion above and/or below it.
  • Another disadvantage is that the longest dimension of the blocks is positioned horizontally and the hollows extend in the shortest dimension of the blocks.
  • plaster blocks having hollows can only be cast with their hollow in a vertical position. As this hollow extends in the shortest dimension of each block, the device in which the blocks are cast will take a rather big surface area per block. This means that a casting device of a certain surface area will have a rather low production capacity.
  • the wall mentioned above is characterized in that the longest dimension of the blocks is positioned vertically and the hollows extend in the longest dimension of the blocks, that the hollows have no partition so that the concrete poured into one hollow is in continuous communication with two hollows of the next two blocks and a concrete skeleton is formed extending over the entire wall.
  • plaster blocks have the function of a prefabricated plaster layer and of lost form for the concrete.
  • the hardened concrete provides strength and mass to the wall.
  • a wall manufactured in accordance with the invention is able to take up the weight of a number of floors.
  • the density of concrete is about two-and-half-times as big as the density of plaster so that also the sound insulating properties of the wall according to the invention are considerably better than that of a wall made of conventional massive plaster blocks.
  • the blocks have a height of 45 to 55 cm, preferably 50 cm, and that they have a substantially square section having edge lengths of 25 to 35 cm, preferably 30 cm, and that the blocks with their longest dimension are positioned vertically.
  • the weight of such a dry block of these dimensions is about 20 kg provided that the walls have a thickness of about 4 cm.
  • a normal height between the floors amounts to 2.50 m which can be obtained by five layers of blocks. The lowest layer should be adjusted vertically from the finished floor, for which small wedges may be used.
  • the next four layers may be stacked for forming a vertical wall without using threads, building means and other accessories.
  • the upper edge of five block layers stacked on each other is flat, the previously finished floor parts lie horizontally. No separate deckings are necessary. No scaffolds are used.
  • the plaster blocks can also be used for a lintel spanning a wall opening. Therefore plaster blocks are positioned above the upper horizontal member and/or underneath the lower horizontal member of window frames, the main direction of the hollow of these blocks being horizontal, whereas by the application of window-shaped openings in the blocks of the wall having their hollows positioned vertically and being adjacent to the blocks having their hollows positioned horizontally a communication between the vertical and horizontal hollows is made.
  • the invention also relates to a plaster block having a height of 45 to 55 cm, preferably 50 cm, and a substantially square section with an edge length of 25-35 cm, preferably 30 cm, a hollow in the block said hollow being open at two opposite ends and the length direction of the hollow extending parallel to the longest dimension of the block, the hollow widening somewhat from one end to the other end and the block narrowing somewhat in the same direction.
  • the removing of the block from the mold by means of a stamp can take place without any problem.
  • the plaster block indicated in figure 1 has-a square section and a height which is considerably larger than the length of the edge of the square.
  • a hollow 1 extends in the height direction, said hollow being open at the upper and lower end.
  • a wall of the block is provided with two tongues 2, whereas the opposite wall has two grooves 3.
  • the upper face is provided with a rebate 4 in the two walls which are not provided with the tongues 2 and the grooves 3, whereas the lower face in the corresponding wall is provided with a rebate 5.
  • the position of the rebates 4 and 5 is such that in stacking the blocks each rebate in the lower face of a block is filled with a protruding portion in the upper face of a block positioned there under.
  • the preference dimensions of the block are: height: about 50 cm, length and width: about 30 cm; length and width of the hollow 1: about 22 cm; minimal thickness of the wall: about 4 cm; protruding length of the tongue: about 1.2 cm.
  • the weight of such a block in dry condition amounts to about 20 kg.
  • the blocks With their longest dimension vertical, are stacked in a stretching bond, by which the hollows of the blocks are in communication with each other.
  • An adhesive is previously smeared on the lower and upper faces and on the side faces provided with tongues and grooves of the blocks. Obviously one has taken care that the tongues of one block penetrates into the grooves of a next block.
  • Superfluous adhesive flows outwards and into a recessed portion 6 of the blocks between the tongues and between the grooves. The adhesion flown outwards is later on removed by a pat.
  • Lintels 7 may be made with horizontally positioned blocks according to the invention at the lower and the upper side of windows or other wall openings.
  • the hollows of these lintels must be brought into communication with the hollows of the vertically stacked blocks. Therefor a window-shaped opening 8 is sawn into vertical blocks adjacent the lintels.
  • An armouring 9 can be positioned into each lintel.
  • the standard height between floors amounts to about 2.50 m.
  • This height can be obtained by stacking five layers of plaster blocks. Only the lowest layer should be adjusted vertically (e.g with the aid of wedges).
  • the blocks have such a dimensional stability that the layers 2, 3, 4 and 5 need not be adjusted with accessories such as threads and building profiles.
  • the hollows are filled with a liquid concrete mortar consisting of commercially available concrete with added superplasticizer (about 1 to 1.5 % of the cement content of the concrete).
  • a liquid concrete mortar consisting of commercially available concrete with added superplasticizer (about 1 to 1.5 % of the cement content of the concrete).
  • the hardened concrete will form a skeleton of horizontally as well as vertically connected concrete portions. This skeleton provides strength and mass to the wall.
  • the plaster blocks are a lost form shaped as a prefabricated plaster layer.
  • the wall has sufficient sound insulating properties to serve as a house separating wall.
  • the wall is strong enough to take up the weight of a number (e.g. 6 or more) floors. Therefore the wall is suitable as a house separating supporting wall, needing no plaster layer, which results in a considerable saving.
  • the tongues 2 of a block penetrate into the grooves 3 of a next block and the cooperating rebates 5 and protruding portions at the upper and lower face of the blocks form a good sealing against sound leaks. In addition they guarantee the centering of the blocks with respect to each other.
  • the blocks according to the invention can also be used for making a chimney. Therefore they are stacked on each other in a non-staggering way and in the channel formed by the hollows, a sleeve is applied. To get a proper appearance the tongues have to be removed from the chimney blocks whereas the grooves 3 have to be made flat.
  • the blocks are made in a mold. To loose the blocks easily from the mold with the aid of a stamp, they are a little wider at the upper than at the lower side, whereas the hollows is a little narrower at the upper side than at the lower side.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP19840200071 1983-01-28 1984-01-20 Wall formed by staggered stacking of plaster blocks, and plaster block for use in such a wall Expired EP0115886B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8300332 1983-01-28
NL8300332A NL8300332A (nl) 1983-01-28 1983-01-28 Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een wand door stapelen van gipsblokken, en gipsblok.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0115886A1 EP0115886A1 (en) 1984-08-15
EP0115886B1 true EP0115886B1 (en) 1986-07-30

Family

ID=19841311

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840200071 Expired EP0115886B1 (en) 1983-01-28 1984-01-20 Wall formed by staggered stacking of plaster blocks, and plaster block for use in such a wall

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0115886B1 (nl)
DE (1) DE3460361D1 (nl)
NL (1) NL8300332A (nl)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1229626B (it) * 1985-03-07 1991-09-04 Mazzocco Antonio Monoblocco stampato ad incastro per costruzioni in c.a. vibrato e compresso
CN100371546C (zh) * 2004-05-31 2008-02-27 天津市房屋鉴定勘测设计院 石膏空心大板灌注混凝土墙体及制作方法
DE102012002670A1 (de) * 2012-02-10 2013-08-14 Bernhard Spindler Mauerwerk, bestehend aus einen neuartigen Mauerwerksstein, in den Dämmung, oder Füllstoffe eingegeben werden kann
CN103397717A (zh) * 2013-07-30 2013-11-20 苏州市世好建材新技术工程有限公司 双层夹芯保温墙体

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR883536A (fr) * 1942-01-27 1943-07-07 Procédé de construction et éléments de murs creux posés à sec
DE917568C (de) * 1951-04-18 1954-09-06 Heinz Melcher Betonskelettwand aus Wandhohlsteinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL8300332A (nl) 1984-08-16
DE3460361D1 (en) 1986-09-04
EP0115886A1 (en) 1984-08-15

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