EP0115568A2 - Cylinder lock with a cylinder housing and a cylinder core, as well as a key - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cylinder lock with a cylinder housing and a cylinder core, in the cylinder core one or more axially displaceable and according to their axial position enabling the rotation of the cylinder core locking bars are provided, the displaceability of which is controlled by a key inserted into a key channel and further One or more subdivided pin tumblers are provided, which are arranged in recesses in the locking bars and the cylinder core, can be moved in the direction of the key channel and away from it, and are controlled by recesses or control surfaces of the key, so that the divisions of the pin tumblers with the correct key in the Partition plane between the locking bars and cylinder core are arranged. Furthermore, the invention relates to an associated key with a profile in the form of longitudinal ribs and longitudinal grooves, recesses for interacting with pin tumblers being provided in addition to the profile on the side flanks, and the recesses being arranged at the apexes of longitudinal ribs.

Description

The invention relates to a cylinder lock with a cylinder housing and a cylinder core, in the cylinder core one or more axially displaceable and according to their axial position enabling the rotation of the cylinder core locking bars are provided, the displaceability of which is controlled by a key inserted into a key channel.

Such cylinder locks have become known with regard to magnetic lock designs. In this case, permanent magnet rotors are used as elements that scan the key and the locking information. In the context of the present invention, it is the object to control cylinder locks of the type mentioned at the outset with the known advantages with simple, purely mechanical means which are inexpensive to manufacture and which can also be used under special ambient conditions.

According to the invention, the cylinder lock mentioned at the outset is characterized in that pin tumblers which are divided one or more times are provided, which are arranged in recesses in the locking strips and the cylinder core, can be displaced in the direction of the key channel and away from it, and are controlled by recesses or control surfaces of the key , so that the divisions of the pin tumblers are arranged with the correct key in the parting plane between the locking bar and the cylinder core. According to a further feature, the locking strips, as is known per se, have locking pieces projecting radially outward into an axial recess, which, when the locking strip is in the released position, are aligned with annular grooves in the housing such that the axial displacement of the locking strip is given by a locking ring with run-up surfaces which interact with the running surfaces of the locking bar and that the locking ring with the cylinder housing via a Limit force clutch is connected. The locking bar with projections preferably engages behind an undercut in the recess for the locking bar, as a result of which the locking bar is secured against displacement in the radial direction. The pin tumblers and the associated bores can be offset, the portion of the pin tumblers closer to the key channel having the smaller diameter. According to the invention, the one or more locking strips can be arranged with their parting plane parallel to the key channel, the control surfaces of the key being arranged on its side surfaces. The section of the pin tumblers remaining in the locking bar preferably has a recess for the spring, the spring being supported with respect to the locking bar.

The invention is described in more detail below, for example, with reference to the drawings.

• Fig. 1 is a partial section through the left cylinder of a double cylinder lock according to the invention, the section being arranged along the line I-I in Fig. 2.
• FIG. 2 is a section along the line 11-11 in FIG. 1.
• Fig. 3 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 2 of a further embodiment of the lock according to the invention. 4 to 8 show different key configurations in mutually associated cracks.
• 9 gives an overall overview of a further profile system according to the invention. 10 and 11 illustrate details associated with FIG. 9. 12 shows a construction similar to the above-mentioned FIGS. 2 and 3. From the above-mentioned FIGS. 1 to 8, within the scope of the combination invention, the one combination feature (displaceable pin tumblers that are displaceable with respect to recesses or control surfaces of the key) see.

The second combination feature (basic profiles and variable profiles are nested, arranged in columns and rows) is shown in FIGS. 13 to 19. 13 to 15 relate to an exemplary embodiment, FIGS. 16 to 19 illustrate another such example.

The other FIGS. 20 to 27 also relate to the second combination feature. In Fig. 20 a cylinder lock is shown in elevation, Fig. 21 is the key to it and Fig. 22 shows a cross-section according to Fig. 20. From Fig. 23 the profile according to the invention is in an enlarged section along the line XXIII-XXIII 21 can be seen. 24, 25, 26 and 27 illustrate constructive details which are decisive for the understanding of the invention. The drawings are partly schematic.

A cylinder core 2 is rotatably arranged in a cylinder housing 1. A key ₅ is inserted in the key channel 4. On both sides of the key channel, a locking bar 3 is arranged in a recess 11 of the cylinder core. This recess 11 and the locking bar 3 extend in the axial direction of the cylinder core parallel to the key channel. Each locking bar 3 is approximately T-shaped in cross-section, the projections 18 engaging in undercuts 10 of the axial recess 11. The locking bar 3 can be moved in the axial direction, but is held in the radial direction on both sides.

On the surface facing the housing, the locking bars 3 have massive locking pieces 16. In the position shown in the lock, ie when the key is in the inserted position, the locking pieces 16 protrude into the associated axially continuous recesses 19 in the housing. As a result of this axial recess 19, the lock can be moved freely pieces 16 and the locking bar 3 guaranteed in the axial direction.

Starting from the axial recesses 19, radial annular grooves 17 are arranged in the housing. The cross-section of the annular grooves 17 corresponds to the cross-section of the locking pieces 16. The assignment of the locking pieces 16 and the annular grooves 17 to one another is such that, with a certain axial position of the locking bar 3, all locking pieces 16 are aligned with one of the annular grooves 17, whereby the cylinder core rotates freely can be.

Bores 12 for pin tumblers 6 are arranged in the locking bar 3. The bores 6 extend on the one hand into the locking bar 3 and on the other hand in the cylinder core 2 up to the key channel 4. With a certain axial position of the locking bar 3, the bores of the locking bar are aligned with the associated bores of the cylinder core. The bores 12 are stepped in the area of the cylinder core 2, so that the stepped pin tumblers can only protrude to a certain extent into the key channel. In the area of the locking bar 3, the pin tumblers have recesses 13 in which a compression spring 14 lies and prestresses the pin tumbler in the direction of the key channel.

The pin tumblers have graduations 8. A division can be provided, but a plurality of divisions can also be provided by inserting intermediate plates 21.

The key 5 has recesses or control surfaces 7, which can be formed by blind bores due to the reasons. The depth of the control surfaces 7 is variable, so that closing differences can be provided. According to these control surfaces 7, the tumblers 6 are under the pressure of the springs 14 with the correct key placed in such a position that the divisions 8 of all tumblers are aligned with the parting plane 9 between the locking bar 3 and the cylinder core 2. In this position, the locking bar 3 is displaceable in the axial direction.

The axial displacement of the locking strips 3 is made possible in a known manner by a locking ring 22 (FIG. 1). The locking ring 22 is locked to the cylinder housing 1 via a limit force clutch 23. The limit force coupling in this case consists of a ball catch with the ball 24, spring 25 and the conical recess 26 in the locking ring. The locking ring 22 has recesses 27 for each locking bar 3 and each of the two components has contact surfaces 28, 29, which come into effect when the components rotate relative to one another.

If the cylinder core is rotated, the one contact surface 29 of the locking bar 3 abuts the associated contact surface 28 of the locking ring and the locking bar 3 is shown in the representation according to Pig. 1 shifted to the left. The locking pieces 16 are then aligned with the radial annular grooves 17 and the cylinder core can be rotated freely. The locking bar is returned when the cylinder core is turned back into the starting position by further run-up surfaces 30, 31 at the other end of the locking bar. The run-up surfaces 31 are formed by an insert ring 32 which is inserted in the housing. The run-up surfaces 30 sit on the locking bar 3.

If in the above-described turning process of the cylinder core the axial displacement of the locking bar 3 is prevented, as described above, the locking bar remains locked with its contact surfaces 29 in the recess 27 and the torque from the key 5 via the cylinder core 2 ge reaches on thin locking ring 22. After overcoming the holding force of the limit force coupling 23, the locking ring 22 rotates with the cylinder core until the locking pieces 16 abut the walls 33 of the recess 19 in the housing. The torque is thereby absorbed by the massive locking pieces 16 and the walls 33.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, balls 33, 34 are also drawn in as further blocking possibilities in order to achieve larger numbers of variations. These balls sit in corresponding holes in the cylinder core and work together with control edges or control surfaces of the key. The balls denoted by 33 are locked by the key into corresponding recesses 35 in the housing, which makes rotation of the cylinder core impossible. The key drawn would therefore be a wrong key. Due to the corresponding recess 35 in the key, the ball 34 can be displaced inwards in the cylinder core, which would allow the cylinder core A to be rotated. With a correct key, all four balls shown in FIG. 2 would have to assume a position as the ball 34 occupies.

In Fig. 1, reference number 36 denotes a control pin which is under spring pressure. At this point it is absolutely necessary to arrange an associated ball in the cylinder core, otherwise the control pin will enter the hole in the cylinder core and catch it.

Furthermore, a key retaining pin 37 is provided in FIG. 1, which acts with the associated ball 38 as a ball catch. The lock construction is given a precisely defined central position for the position of the cylinder core.

1 is a new coupling construction for to see such double cylinder locks. The ends of the cylinder cores 2 and 40 lie within the locking nose ring 39. The coupling construction is mounted in axial bores 41 of the two cylinder cores and consists of a coupling device 42 which can be displaced in the axial direction and has contact surfaces 43 on each side and an area with an enlarged diameter 44 each . Cylindrical coupling pieces 46 are slidably mounted in bores 45. The coupling pieces act on the one hand with the run-up surfaces 43 and, on the other hand, engage in a recess 47 of the locking nose ring when the position is shifted. In the position shown in FIG. 1, the key 5 is inserted from the left, through the key tip of which the coupling bolt 42 is displaced to the right. The coupling piece 46 sits on the area with an enlarged diameter 44 and is locked at the top with the locking nose ring 39. The locking nose ring can therefore be rotated together with the cylinder core 2. At the same time, the right coupling piece 46 is in the expressed position, ie outside the recess 47 of the locking nose ring 39, so that the right cylinder core 40 is disengaged.

The coupling device 42 can be made in one piece, so that the two regions 44 with an enlarged diameter always have the same position relative to one another. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the coupling device is composed of several parts and is suitable for an emergency closing operation using a special emergency key. The coupling device has a bolt 49, at the ends of which there are two coupling sleeves 50. Between the two coupling sleeves sits a compression spring 51, by means of which the two coupling sleeves are pressed apart into their end position. Furthermore, a spacer sleeve 52 is provided, whereby the two coupling sleeves are supported against lateral pressure and are thus guided.

The emergency key function is as follows: In Fig. 1, a normal key is inserted from the left and the coupling construction is shifted to the right, as already described above. An emergency key is now inserted from the right, which has a recess 53 at its tip. In addition to this recess, the emergency key has special elongated recesses for the tumbler pins on the side surfaces (see further below for FIG. 4), as a result of which these tumbler pins are already brought into the unlocked position when the key is not fully inserted.

The emergency key is thus inserted from the right and the pin tumblers are unlocked. The cylinder core and the emergency key 54 are rotated under pressure until the coupling piece 46, which lies in the region of this cylinder core, lies opposite the recess 47 of the locking nose ring and enters this recess. This twisting is only necessary when the inserted key 5 is in the twisted position. Otherwise the recess 47 is aligned with the coupling piece 46 in the inserted position of the emergency key. By further pushing in the emergency key, the associated coupling sleeve 50 is displaced inward against the pressure of the spring 51, so that the coupling piece 46 is pushed upward through the run-up surface 43 into the recess 47 of the locking nose ring. The emergency key 54 is thus connected to the locking nose ring 39 for rotation so that the lock can be operated. The two cylinder cores are coupled to one another in a rotationally locking manner.

The illustrated locking nose ring 39 engages with claws 100 behind the two turned core ends (turning 101), whereby the two cylinder cores of the double cylinder lock are held together against train.

If, instead of the emergency key 54 shown, a normal key is inserted, which has no recess 53, its tip hits the bolt of the coupling device 42, thereby preventing the key from being fully inserted.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the lock according to the invention according to FIG. 2, the balls 33, 34 being omitted as additional locking elements. The key retaining pin 37 is preferably made of hard metal in order to simultaneously serve as a drill protection.

4 shows a side view of a key as it might look for a lock construction according to FIG. 3. The control surfaces 7 for the tumbler pins of the lock are formed by blind holes 55 of different depths. The control surfaces can also be formed in other ways, e.g. through continuous grooves or webs with oblique transitions between the individual control surface levels.

4, some of the blind bores 55 are shown in broken lines (56). If all blind holes are widened in this way, the key can be used as an emergency key, the recess 53, also shown in broken lines, having to be arranged at the top.

Regarding the construction according to FIG. 1, it should also be noted that instead of the run-up surfaces 30, 31, a corresponding compression spring can also be arranged as a counter-curve for the return movement of the locking bar. It should also be noted that the recess 27 in the locking ring 22 has a certain free travel for the movement of the run-up surface 29 to both sides. The purpose of this empty path is that the one the key tumblers can be adjusted at rest and that the locking bar is only axially displaced after a defined rotation of the cylinder core, so that the tumbler pins are not disturbed when the key is inserted quickly or when torque is applied to the key.

Advantageously, the separating surface between the cylinder core and the locking strips and also the divisions of the tumbler pins can be made completely flat, the accuracy being in the range of a hundredth of a millimeter. This is different from conventional tumbler pins, the divisions of which lie in the curved separating surface between the cylinder core and the cylinder housing and therefore have to be dome-shaped. With the completely flat design according to the invention, scanning is made practically impossible. If an attempt were made to scan the pin tumblers from the key channel with a spy, they would have to be brought into the correct position to within 1/100 mm, which is practically impossible. All the more so since a large number of such tumbler pins can be provided.

The number of pin tumblers can be kept very high in spite of the limited, predetermined dimension of the cylinder core, since they can be dimensioned small as a result of the locking construction without being exposed to destructive forces.

With the number of 14 pens shown on each side with three options in the length of the pin tumblers, there are 22 trillion possible variations. If 16 additional balls are arranged (according to FIGS. 1 and 2), there are a total of 10 ³⁷ possibilities. Important is that these high numbers of possibilities can be achieved without the security of the lock and the security against being broken open, since the locking function is not performed by the sensitive scanning elements but by the robust locking pieces.

The construction according to the invention can advantageously also be combined with magnetic rotors. Such magnetic rotor designs are already known.

Regarding the function of the control pin 36, it should also be said that the key must have a rib at this point. The corresponding ball has a smaller diameter. If the corresponding rib is missing from the key at the relevant point, the ball with the reduced diameter dips too far into the cylinder core and the control pin engages with the pressure of its spring in the bore in the cylinder core, as a result of which the cylinder core is caught.

The lock according to the invention is particularly well suited for the development of complicated locking systems. The requirements of the most complex locking plans can also be met.

Due to the large number of variations available, it is also possible to manufacture reversible keys, such as 4, but the elaboration of complicated locking systems is still possible.

5 to 7, a preferred embodiment of the key is shown in mutually associated cuts. The closing differences for the tumbler _- pins 6 which are assigned to the locking bars 3, corresponding exactly to the closing differences of Fig 4. However, these are not in the form Sc.hließverschiedenheiten. formed by individual blind holes 55, but the closing differences are formed by continuous V-shaped grooves 57. These grooves can be milled, for example, with a truncated cone-shaped end mill, the milling depth of which is controlled in accordance with the closing differences. By arranging these grooves there is the advantage that when the key is inserted, the relatively small-sized tumbler pins have to carry out smaller stroke movements, which increases functional reliability and wear resistance.

The points of attack of the pin tumblers are indicated in FIGS. 6 and 7 with dashed lines 58. The key shown has further incisions 59 on the narrow sides of the key for additional conventional pin tumblers. The two narrow sides of the key are symmetrical, so that there is a reversible key here.

FIG. 8 shows a further preferred embodiment of the key according to FIGS. 5 to 7, the sectional illustration corresponding exactly to FIG. 7 with regard to the locking differences. The course of the grooves 57 is, however, not curved, but curved. At the points 58 of the tumbler pins 7 correspond to those, the control surfaces of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 _-. To 7. In the embodiment according to Figure 8 is obtained in an advantageous manner, a particularly smooth transition between the individual control surfaces, whereby with respect to reliability and wear resistance after years of Benefits of using the key are given.

According to the invention, a flat key for locks of the type described here is thus provided, with recesses on the key sides for scanning by scanning and locking elements of the castle are provided, which is characterized in that the. are arranged in a row in a row along the central longitudinal axis of the key in a continuous groove, the control surfaces are formed by sections of different depths of the groove. 8, the flat key according to the invention is then characterized in that the transitions between the control surfaces of a groove are curved, so that the depth of the grooves is wave-shaped.

• a) die Stiftzuhaltungen sind ein - oder mehrfach unterteilt vorgesehen, die in Ausnehmungen von Sperrleisten und des Zylinderkerns angeordnet, in Richtung zum Schlüsselkanal und von diesem weg verschiebbar und von Steuerflächen des Schlüssels gesteuert sind, und
• b) die Profilierung des Schlüssels umfaßt innerhalb einer Schließanlage ein invariables Grundprofil und ein variables Profil, wobei beide Profile über den zum Sperren oder Entriegeln wirksamen Schlüsselbereich verteilt und ineinander-geschachtelt vorgesehen sind.

The invention further relates to keys and the locks belonging to each of these keys, the keys being profiled in the form of longitudinal ribs and longitudinal grooves. The object of the invention is to have a large number of possible variations, to make an improper imitation of keys and locks practically impossible, to ensure a high and permanent functional reliability and yet to provide simple construction elements, so that such keys and locks can also be mass-produced is easy to do. This object is achieved primarily in that, in addition to profiling, there are recesses on the side flanks for interacting with pin tumblers, the recesses being arranged at the apexes of longitudinal ribs. Furthermore, the above-mentioned object is achieved in particular by combining the following, in part, known features:

• a) the pin tumblers are provided in one or more subdivisions, which are arranged in recesses in the locking bars and the cylinder core, can be moved in the direction of the key channel and away from it and are controlled by control surfaces of the key, and
• b) the profile of the key comprises an invariable basic profile and a variable profile within a locking system, both profiles being distributed over the key area effective for locking or unlocking and nested inside one another.

These two combination features are functionally merged and, in their combination, solve the above-mentioned object in an unexpectedly advantageous manner.

In the drawing, which is held schematically in places, the subject matter of the invention is shown, for example, in various embodiments.

9 shows the profile system according to the invention on the basis of a cross section through a key. The two envelopes 60, 61 on the side flanks of the key-S run essentially parallel to one another from the key back 62 over the region 63 to approximately the middle of the key height. From then on, the two envelopes run conically towards the key chest 64. The envelopes 60, 61 run symmetrically to the central longitudinal plane 65.

When setting up a specific profile for a system, one starts from the zero profile drawn here with full lines. The zero profile is zigzag-shaped. This zig-zag design forms approximately V-shaped profiling areas 66 to 70, which can either be filled with key material or designed as grooves. Following the conventional terminology, the filled sections of the profiling areas are referred to as ribs and the unfilled sections as grooves.

The profiling regions 67 to 70 have cross sections which are essentially congruent to one another, and within the Cross-section of each of these grooves two ribs or two grooves can be accommodated .. Sotrichliert in Fig. 9 in the grooves 67, 69 and 70 each have a rib, which are referred to as basic profile ribs A, B and C. The arrangement of these basic profile ribs is only one example: Within a locking system, the basic profile ribs always remain in the same place. The remaining sections of the profiling areas 66 to 70 can be designed either as ribs or as grooves to create the necessary variations for superordinate and subordinate keys. These variation elements are designated with the letters o, p, q, r, s, t.

The special assignment and nesting of the basic profile elements A, B, C and the variation elements o, p, q, r, s, t will be explained in principle below.

The profiling area 66 offers space only for a profile element, which is either present as a rib when this area is completely filled or as a groove.

If there is only one rib as the profile element within each of the profiling areas 67 to 70, the cross-sectional shape corresponds approximately to an oblique-angled triangle, the flanks pointing to the central longitudinal plane 65 (e.g. flank 71 in the area 69) leading to the central longitudinal plane 65 at an obtuse angle. The remaining groove in this area 69 then has a larger cross-sectional area than the rib (here basic profile rib A). However, if the profiling area 69 is provided with two ribs, then this area 69 is completely filled up to the envelope 60.

Due to the zigzag design of the zero profile, profile sections (such as 72, 73, 74) protrude up to the envelopes 60 and 61. If the profiling areas 66 to 70 are designed as grooves, these sections remain stand as ribs on the key side surfaces.

In the area of the sections 72, 73 and 74, recesses or control surfaces 7 are arranged for the engagement of lateral pin tumblers, not shown, which can optionally have different depths. In the area of section 73, three practical depths for the associated recess 7 are shown. With the ready-to-use key 5, of course, only one of these recess depths is realized.

The depth of the recesses -7 forms control surfaces for the lock-side scanning elements (pin tumblers), which controls locking mechanisms, as will be explained in more detail below.

The recesses 7 are frustoconical. If a rib is arranged on one or on both sides of the sections 72 to 74, the cross-sectional area of the recesses 7 lying in the envelopes 60, 61 increases, as is indicated in the area of the profiling area 69 by the dashed lines 76, 77. In any case and completely independently of the desired arrangement of ribs or grooves, it is always ensured that material for the arrangement of the recesses 7 is present at the sections 72, 73 and 74. The possible variations by arranging the recesses 7 on the one hand and by arranging profile ribs or profile grooves on the other hand are independent of one another.

Conventional incisions for further scanning elements such as tumbler pins or balls can also be arranged on the key chest 64, wherein it should be noted that the control surfaces of the lowermost recess 7 remain in the region of the section 74. Such an incision is indicated at 78.

FIG. 10 shows the view of the key 5 on the envelope 60 and in FIG. 11 the view on the envelope 61. For the sake of simplicity, all profiling areas 66 to 70 are filled with ribs here, and only the arrangement of the recesses 7 with different depths and the arrangement of the cuts 78 on the key face 64 are to be shown here. When looking at the envelope 60 (FIG. 10), the incisions 78 lie in gaps between the recesses 7, while the recesses 7 on the other side of the key (FIG. 11) are at least partially arranged above the incisions 78. The recesses 7 on the side of the envelope 61 are further away from the key chest 64, so that the locking function cannot be impaired. Finally, it should be said that in this profile system according to the invention, ribs and grooves can overlap or not overlap. The divisions over the height of the profile can be the same or different.

FIG. 12 corresponds essentially to FIGS. 2 and 3 described above. Here, too, the balls 33, 34 are omitted as additional locking elements. The key retaining pin 37 is in turn preferably made of hard metal in order to simultaneously serve as a security against drilling.

From Fig. 13 it can be seen that the different profiles are assigned to a grid formed by columns 82 to 85 and lines 88 and 95. The key channel is labeled 103. The profile elements A, B, C, D of the basic profile are in columns 83 and 84, the profile elements x, y of the variable profile in the other two columns 82 and 85. As can be seen, there are more profile elements of the variable in the overall profile Profiles provided as the basic profile A, B, C, D. The key channel 103 13 is complicated with a relatively large number of ribs and grooves. 14 shows a simpler key channel 103. The profile elements x, y, which are grooves in FIG. 13, are missing in FIG. 14. Otherwise the figuration is the same. From Fig. 15 the simplest such training can be seen, all the grooves of the variable profile, which is the contact profile, are missing and there is only the so-called basic or main profile.

Regarding the associated keys, it must be said that the key corresponds to FIG. 15, which is the superordinate general key (master key). It has no ribs corresponding to the variable profile, since, as already mentioned, the associated key channel 103 has no grooves in this regard. It is the easiest key. It can be used to lock or unlock both the lock (key channel) according to FIG. 14 and also according to FIG. 13. The lock to Fig. 15 is the so-called main lock. The key to FIG. 14 is already a subordinate key; it could still be used to actuate the lock according to FIG. 13, but not the lock according to FIG. 15. The key to Fig. 13 is the most subordinate, with it only this lock Fig. 13 can be locked or unlocked. This most subordinate key is the most complicated (in terms of profile) in this embodiment. Regarding this key-lock combination according to FIGS. 13 to 15, it should also be said that for the overall profile there are eight possible variations on each side, corresponding to the eight lines 88 to 95. In total there are sixteen possible variations. Four of these are reserved for the basic profile A, B, C, D and the remaining twelve possible variations for the system profile (variable profile). The four options mentioned above are therefore not used for system development, but rather can generally occur in all cores of this profile production as the main profile. The further advantage of these profile arrangements is that the basic profile (consisting of four grooves or ribs), which in the aforementioned case is fixed, could also be varied if necessary.

With reference to the explanations according to FIGS. 16 to 19, it is already anticipated that now (in contrast to the embodiment of FIGS. 13 to 15) the general key (master key) is the most complicated key and the subordinate key the simplest. Conventional profiles do not have this essential characteristic of the profile, which is logically correct in terms of the security of a barrier system.

Fig. 16 shows that columns 86 and 87 have profile elements of the same type arranged, with a total of three elements A, B, C taken for the basic profile and the rest o, p, q, r for the variable profile (system profile) were. The column 86 contains the basic profile element A, the column 87 the two other basic profile elements B and C. The other elements are the system elements o, p, q, r. The space between columns 86 and 87 is labeled 104.

The key associated with the embodiment according to FIG. 16 can be used to actuate all such locks (with the basic elements A, B, C arranged in this way), so that it may not be expedient to produce a key which is superordinate in this way. For practical use 17, which has a rib at position z, seems to be more suitable. 16, this key could not lock a lock according to FIG. 16, but only all other locks whose other contact profiles of FIG. 17 are varied, see for example also a lock according to FIG. 18. At positions o, p, q, r bears the key ribs matching FIG. 18. With this The key is neither the lock shown in FIG. 17 and certainly not the lock shown in FIG. On the other hand, this lock and also the lock according to FIG. 18 can be locked or unlocked with the general key according to FIG. 17 intended for practical use.

19 illustrates a key channel 103 for the subordinate key. Only the basic profile elements A, B, C are available. All system profiles are switched off, with this simplest key only the lock according to Fig. 19 can be operated.

• 1. Die für das Hauptprofil reservierten Profilnuten, deren Form und Anzahl verschiedenartig sein kann, können in sich nochmals variiert werden. Dadurch könnte erreicht werden, daß z.B. zwei Großanlagen mit je einem Generalhauptschlüssel von einem noch übergeordneten Schlüssel gesperrt werden.
• 2. Da das Anlagenprofil auf die gesamte Schlüsselhöhe verteilt ist, kann das Grundprofil an beliebiger Stelle angeordnet werden.

It is obvious that the key and lock combination according to the invention provides a very large number of possible variations, since the basic profile and the contact profile can be produced in a wide variety of variations. Add to that that beyond the illustrated embodiments, for. B. in the construction according to FIGS. 13 to 15, the basic profile and the investment profile can alternately be contained in the different columns. The basic profile can also be represented in columns 82 and 85 and the system profile in columns 83 and 84. A mixture of the two types of profiles in one column is also conceivable. Of course, another possible variation is to give the ribs and grooves different shapes in a manner known per se. Finally, further advantages of the subject matter of the invention can be summarized as follows:

• 1. The profile grooves reserved for the main profile, the shape and number of which can be different, can be varied again. In this way it could be achieved that, for example, two large systems, each with a general master key, are blocked by a still superior key.
• 2. Since the system profile is distributed over the entire key height, the basic profile can be arranged anywhere.

As already mentioned at the beginning, the arrangement of the basic profile was only carried out in the immediate vicinity of the key spine. The invention shows that the profile ribs of the basic profile, which generally remain in the cylinder core, can be arranged in such a way that it is difficult to scan the pin tumblers.

3. Due to the shape of the profile, it is also difficult to mill a subordinate key in such a way that a superordinate key or a master key is created. This is because it is not clear where the basic profile is or how many ribs or grooves have been used for it. Furthermore, it would be very difficult to imitate the correct triangular shape. Should milling or filing parallel to the central axis to remove ribs, the cross section can be weakened so much that the key breaks apart. Finally, it should be said about these advantages that the production of the profile according to the invention can be carried out in the core much more cost-effectively.

With conventional profiles you need a broaching knife set (for core) consisting of approx. Ten individual knives for the basic profile. This profile is fixed and cannot be changed. (Unless a new set of knives is made again).

The knife set for the variable profile again consists of approx. 24 knives, depending on the possible combination. The variations are achieved by clamping different knives in different orders.

The production of a conventional profile therefore requires about 34 knives in the aforementioned case. Since in the profile according to the invention the basic profile emerges from the system profile, that is to say is identical in shape to it, only a set of knives of approximately 24 knives is required. These knives can be arranged in different ways, so that the basic profile can be produced with the same knife set, this can be varied and also the different system combinations can be produced.

It is also within the scope of the invention that more profile elements of the variable profile (e.g. x, y, o, p, q, r) are provided in the overall profile than the basic profile (A, B, C, D). The profile elements (A, B, C, D) of the basic profile are in certain columns 83, 84 and the profile elements (e.g. x, y, o, p, q, r) of the variable profile in other columns (82, 85 ) provided (Fig. 13 to 15). In another embodiment, profile elements of the basic profile and of the variable profile are arranged in a column 86, 87 (FIGS. 16 to 19). According to the embodiment according to FIGS. 13 to 15, a superordinate key (general key) is relatively simple (few ribs and Grooves) and a subordinate key relatively complicated (many ribs and grooves).

In the other embodiment according to FIGS. 16 to 19, a superordinate key (general key) is relatively complicated (many ribs and grooves) and a subordinate key is relatively simple (few ribs and grooves).

In this embodiment, the master key (master key) is the most complex key, see Fig. 16 or 17 and the subordinate key, Fig. 19 is the simplest.

Any other mixture of the two profile types in one column is also conceivable. Since the system profile is distributed over the entire key height, the basic profile can be arranged anywhere. It is essential to the invention that the two types of profile are arranged distributed over the entire effective key area, and these profiles can be connected to one another in any order without the basic profile being only in the immediate vicinity of the key spine. The invention shows that the profile ribs of the basic profile, which generally remain in the cylinder core, can be arranged in such a way that it is difficult to scan the pin tumblers.

According to the invention, a large number of key and lock variations can be produced in an extremely advantageous manner in the small space available, but the cross sections of the individual profile types are always sufficiently large so that the function of the key and lock combination is not impaired by wear can be. Finally, manufacturing is easy and cheap.

In Fig. 20 the cylinder housing is designated 135, 136 is the cylinder core. The core 136 can only be rotated relative to the housing 135 in a known manner if the recessed 117 has brought the tumbler pins 118 into such a position by the inserted correct key 111 that the division points 121 in the separating surface 145 between the housing 135 and the Core 136 lie.

Regarding the profile according to the invention Fig. 23 it should be said for the time being that for the key 111 and the key channel 112 in generally the same profile is provided. Each profile element comprises a profile sink 114 and a profile tip 115, both parts are connected by an intermediate part, not shown. All of these profile elements have an essentially rhombic shape. 23, profile parts 114 are provided in the area of the key center plane 113, which extend beyond the key center plane 113 and are arranged so that they overlap, reference numeral 146. This profile further comprises profile elements 114, 115 with different divisions, that is to say with different distances from profile depression 114 to profile tip 115. As can also be seen, the envelope 116 of the profile is conical in cross section. The last combination feature is given by the fact that the key profile 111 may have recesses 117 (FIG. 21) which interact with tumbler pins 118. Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 23 that the distances 123, 124, 125 in the upper region of the key 111 in the vicinity of the key back 126 of adjoining profile elements 114, 115 are provided in a decreasing manner, whereas in the lower region and in the middle region all these distances 125, 127, 128, 129, 130 are kept the same. Finally it can also be seen that, starting from the back of the key 126, the profile is provided to taper conically towards the lower end 131 of the key. As already mentioned, according to the invention, all of the above-mentioned objects are achieved by all of these profile determination pieces.

24 to 27 serve to explain an exemplary embodiment in which the key has recesses 117 (FIG. 21) which interact with the tumbler pins. FIG. 24 corresponds to point 137 in FIG. 23, but without overlap 146. The tip 147 is under pressure from the spring 120 against the material 148 (delimitation of the recess 117) of the key 111. The tumbler pin 118 is, as drawn with full lines, for an actuation this key in the correct position. The division point 121 between the tumbler pins and the separating surface 145 between the cylinder housing 135 and the cylinder core 136 then coincide.

An overlap 146 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 25 below. Compared to the tip 147 of the tumbler pin 118 there is now no material from the key 111 due to the overlap. The tumbler pin 118 would therefore be pushed into the position shown in dashed lines under the action of its spring 120. Only in this position is the tip 147 of the tumbler pin 118 on the material 148 at 149. The tumbler pin 118 is then shifted too far by the distance 150 and the lock cannot be actuated since the dividing point 121 and separating surface 145 no longer coincide or are no longer sufficiently close to one another.

As can be seen from FIG. 26, this disadvantage is not present in a tumbler pin according to the invention, which is spherical at its end which cooperates with the recess 117. Again, the theoretically correct position of tumbler pin 118 for actuation is fully excellent. There is again probably no material of the key above the apex of the pin 118, but the pin can only be displaced by the small distance 151 due to the spherical shape of its end, as indicated by dashed lines. This difference distance 151 is so small that the key can be actuated. The division point 121 and the separating surface 145 are sufficiently close for this actuation. It should also be said that the bevels 122 between the tumbler pins, see FIG. 27, give a certain margin at the division point 121 is. The dimension of the above-mentioned overlap 146, the curvature of the spherical end of the tumbler pins 118 and the size of the bevel 122 are geometrically dependent on one another and, depending on the desired overlap, are easy to determine in each case.

It goes without saying that the possible variations through different designs of the profile determination pieces according to the invention. are greatly increased. In addition, as already suggested, there are many possible variations in principle that in profile Fig. 23 the approximately triangular profile elements 143, 144 can be left or removed in the manner already suggested.

The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment shown. The end of the tumbler pins which cooperates with the recesses 117 can also be provided in a trapezoidal shape. The various profile determination pieces have element protection. The invention thus also includes each such profile determining piece a), b), c) or d) each individually. The various divisions (distances between the profile depression and profile tip) can of course be adapted to the respective conditions and do not have to be dimensioned as determined by FIG. 23.

As already expressed, the invention comprises not only the keys described and illustrated, but also the locks belonging to these keys, thus always the entire profile system according to the invention.

Finally, it should be said that the invention pertains to the individual combination features mentioned above like all other combinations of these features not described above.

Claims (30)

1. Cylinder lock with cylinder housing and a cylinder core, in which one or more locking bars are provided in the cylinder core which are displaceable in the axial direction and which, according to their axial position, enable or block the rotation of the cylinder core, the displaceability of which is controlled by a key inserted into a key channel, characterized in that that one or more divided pin tumblers (6) are provided, which are arranged in recesses in the locking bars and the cylinder core, in the direction of the key channel (4) and can be moved away from it and controlled by recesses or control surfaces (7) of the key (8) are so that the divisions (8) of the pin tumblers (6) with the correct key in the parting plane (9) between the locking bars (3) and the cylinder core (2) are arranged. 2. Cylinder lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking strips (3), as known per se, have radially outwardly protruding locking pieces (16) in an axial recess (19), which in the released position of the locking strip with annular grooves (17) in Housing align that the axial displacement of the locking bar is given by a locking ring (22) with run-up surfaces (28) which cooperate with run-up surfaces (29) of the locking bar and that the locking ring (22) with the cylinder housing (1) via a limit force clutch (23 ) connected is. 3. Cylinder lock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking bar (3) with projections (18) engages behind an undercut (10) of the recess (11) for the locking bar, whereby the locking bar (3) against displacement in the radial direction is secured. 4. Cylinder lock according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pin tumblers (6) and the associated bores (12) are offset, the portion of the pin tumblers closer to the key channel having the smaller diameter. 5. Cylinder lock according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more locking bars with their parting plane (9) are arranged parallel to the key channel (4) and that the control surfaces (7) of the key (5) are arranged on the control surfaces. 6. Cylinder lock according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the portion (48) of the pin tumblers remaining in the locking bar has a recess (13) for the spring (14) and that the spring (14) is supported with respect to the locking bar (3) is. 7. Cylinder lock according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parting plane (9) between the locking bar (3) and the cylinder core (2) and the partitions (8) are flat. 8th; Key for locks according to one of the preceding claims, wherein recesses are provided on the key sides for scanning by scanning and locking elements of the lock, characterized in that the control surfaces (7) arranged in a row along the central longitudinal axis of the key - in a continuous groove (57) are arranged, wherein the control surfaces are formed by sections of different depths of the groove (57) (Fig. ₅ -8). 9. Key according to claim 8, characterized in that the transitions between the control surfaces (7) of a groove (57) are curved, so that the grooves (57) are undulated in depth (Fig. 8). 10. Key with a profile in the form of longitudinal ribs and longitudinal grooves, recesses for interacting with pin tumblers are provided in addition to the profiling on the side flanks, characterized in that the recesses (7) are arranged at the apexes of longitudinal ribs (Fig. 9). 11. Key characterized by the combination of the following partially known features: a) the pin tumblers (6) are provided one or more divided, which are arranged in recesses (11) of locking strips (3) and the cylinder core (2), in the direction of the key channel (4) and can be moved away from this and from control surfaces ( 7) the key (5) are controlled, and b) the profile of the key comprises an invariable basic profile (A, B, C, D) and a variable profile (o, p, q, r, s, t) within a locking system, both profiles above those effective for locking or unlocking Key area are distributed and nested. 12. Key, as well as cylinder lock with cylinder housing and a cylinder core according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the cylinder core one or more axially displaceable and according to their axial position enabling rotation of the cylinder core or blocking locking bars are provided, the displaceability of which is inserted into a key channel Schl sel is controlled, in particular according to claim 10, characterized in that single or multiple sub-pin tumblers (6) are provided, which are arranged in recesses in the locking bars and the cylinder core, in the direction of the key channel (4) and displaceable away from this and Control surfaces (7) of the key (5) are controlled, so that the divisions (8) of the pin tumblers (6) with the correct key in the parting plane '(9) between the locking bar (3) and the cylinder core (2) are arranged, and that the key and the key channel have an invariable basic profile and a variable within a locking system Profiles that together make up the overall profile include both the basic profile (profile elements A, B, C, D) and the variable profile (profile elements (x, y, o, p, q, r) over the effective for locking or unlocking The key area is distributed and the above-mentioned profiles are nested, so that at least one profile element of the basic profile (or the variable profile) is arranged on each side of the key between two profile elements of the variable profile (or the basic profile) (FIG. 9). 13. Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that incisions (78) for conventional tumbler pins are provided in gaps between the recesses (7) (Fig. 10). 14. Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the incisions' (78) below the recesses (7) are arranged (Fig. 11). 15. Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that recesses (7) on the two envelopes (60, 61) of different heights, that is, different distances from the key face (64) (Fig. 10, 11). 16. Key according to claim 10, characterized in that the recesses (7) carrying longitudinal ribs a theoretical guide-less overall profile in the form of zigzag-shaped directly adjacent rhombuses, to the side in columns (86, 87) over the total height of each rhombus connect the profile elements (A, B, C, o, p, q, r), which are also arranged in rows (101, 102) lying across the columns, whereby by leaving or removing profile elements (A, B, C, o, p, q, r) profile variations are formed. 17. Key according to claim 16, characterized in that all rows (88 - 102) have the same dimensions with each other and the columns (82-87) are equally dimensioned with each other. 18. Key according to claim 16, characterized in that the space (104) between the columns (86, 87) is smaller than the width of these columns. 19. Key according to claim 16, characterized in that the rhombuses are rounded or flattened. 20. Key according to claim 16, characterized in that the basic profile elements (A, B, C) and the variable profile elements (o, p, q, r) are congruent in the theoretical guide-less overall profile. 21. Key according to claim 10, characterized in that the different profiles are assigned to a grid formed by columns (82-87) and rows (88-102) and the profile elements (ribs or grooves) lie within rectangles through the columns and rows are formed, the ribs and grooves practically having the shape of the rectangles formed by the columns and rows. 22. Key according to claim 21, characterized in that the different profiles are assigned to a grid formed by columns (82-87) and rows (88-102) and the profile elements (ribs and grooves) within right corners are formed by the columns and rows, the ribs and grooves practically having the shape of triangles, which are formed by the diagonal and subsequent edges of the rectangles given by the columns and rows. 23. Key according to claim 21, characterized in that the ribs and grooves have different shapes. 24. Key according to one of the preceding claims, in particular using keys in cylinder locks for locking systems, profile parts being provided in the area of the key center plane which are arranged to overlap the key center plane, characterized in that the profile profile elements (114, 115) with different divisions (different distances from profile recess to profile tip) of such elements, - the envelope (116) of the profile in cross-section from the key back (126) to the lower end (131) of the key tapers in a manner known per se is formed and the key profile (111) has recesses (117) for interacting with tumbler pins (118). 25. Key according to claim 24, characterized in that the overlap (146) is provided for all profile elements (114, 115) of the profile, so that there is also an overlap in the region of recesses (117) for tumbler pins (118). 26. Key according to one of claims 24 and 25, characterized in that tumbler pins (118) are provided. the upper end (119) cooperating with the recesses (117) are spherical or trapezoidal. 27. Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when using two-part spring pins (118) under spring action (springs 120) at the division point (121), these pins correspond to the respective overlap and the curvature of the spherical end of the tumbler pins ) exhibit. 28. Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distances (123, 124, 125) in the upper region of the key (111) in the vicinity of the key spine (126) of adjoining profile elements (114, 115) are provided decreasingly, whereas in lower area and in the middle area all these distances (125, 127, 129, 130) are kept the same. 29. Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the overlap (146) is in each case in a size of 1/8 to 1/4 of the height (132) of a profile element (114, 115). 30. Key according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that different overlaps are provided in the profile.

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