EP0115278A2 - Use of 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid as perfuming ingredient, perfuming composition containing it and perfumed products - Google Patents

Use of 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid as perfuming ingredient, perfuming composition containing it and perfumed products Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0115278A2
EP0115278A2 EP84100217A EP84100217A EP0115278A2 EP 0115278 A2 EP0115278 A2 EP 0115278A2 EP 84100217 A EP84100217 A EP 84100217A EP 84100217 A EP84100217 A EP 84100217A EP 0115278 A2 EP0115278 A2 EP 0115278A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
perfuming
acid
cyclopentenylacetic
ingredient
composition containing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84100217A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0115278B1 (en
EP0115278A3 (en
Inventor
Arnoldus Dr. Uijttewaal
Dietrich Dr. Kastner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Firmenich SA
Original Assignee
Firmenich SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Firmenich SA filed Critical Firmenich SA
Publication of EP0115278A2 publication Critical patent/EP0115278A2/en
Publication of EP0115278A3 publication Critical patent/EP0115278A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0115278B1 publication Critical patent/EP0115278B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B9/00Essential oils; Perfumes
    • C11B9/0026Essential oils; Perfumes compounds containing an alicyclic ring not condensed with another ring
    • C11B9/003Essential oils; Perfumes compounds containing an alicyclic ring not condensed with another ring the ring containing less than six carbon atoms

Definitions

  • 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid of the formula could be used to impart or improve the honey-like fragrant note of perfumes and scented products without having the specific secondary characteristics of phenylacetic acid.
  • the 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid of the invention finds a very wide use both in fine perfumery as in technical applications, for example in the perfuming of soaps, detergents, powder or liquids, maintenance articles or cosmetics, shampoos or beauty creams.
  • the proportions in which the compound of the invention serves to develop the desired odorous effects can vary within a fairly wide range of values. Its power is such that quantities of the order of 1-10 o / oo by weight relative to the weight of the composition or of the scented article may already be sufficient to obtain a positive effect. Concentrations of 0.1-2% are preferably used in the manufacture of concentrated compositions or "hearts".
  • 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid can be added either directly to the product which one wishes to perfume, or, more often, in the form of a solution mixed with other perfuming ingredients.
  • the co-ingredients, the solvents or the usual supports, the use of which is well known to those skilled in the art, are perfectly suited for this purpose.
  • the acid of the invention is a known chemical entity. Its preparation can be carried out in accordance with the methods described [see for this purpose US patent 1,965,792] or from cyclopentylidene-methyl acetate [see US patent 4,280,934] by hydrolysis thereof here following the diagram that here:
  • reaction mixture was kept at 70 ° C overnight, then 2.5 lt of water was added thereto and the methanol was evaporated. After acidification with HCl, separation of the organic phase, followed by re-extraction with ether of the aqueous phase, the two combined organic phases were distilled under reduced pressure.
  • the desired product was obtained with a yield of 82.3% at Eb. 96 ° C / approx. 6.65 Pa. Traces of the isomeric compound of formula were also present in the product obtained, but their presence does not have a practical influence on the quality of the main product.
  • the 2-cyclopentenylacetic acid in solution at 25% in diethyl phthalate was added at a rate of 2% in a commercial soap paste with neutral odor and, according to the usual techniques, the resulting paste was used for the manufacture of bars of toilet soaps.
  • the odor of the article thus obtained was judged by a group of experts who defined it as being characterized by a separate note of the "honey" type.
  • a basic pink-type composition was prepared by mixing the following ingredients (parts by weight):
  • a basic perfume composition intended to be incorporated into a shampoo was prepared by mixing the following ingredients (parts by weight):
  • the olfactory stability was also confirmed by tests of prolonged ultraviolet irradiation of the products obtained.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit l'utilisation de l'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique de formule <IMAGE> à titre d'ingrédient parfumant, ainsi qu'une composition parfumante le contenant. L'acide en question sert en particulier à conférer ou améliorer la note de type miel de compositions parfumantes et produits parfumés.The use of 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid of formula <IMAGE> is described as a perfuming ingredient, as well as a perfuming composition containing it. The acid in question is used in particular to impart or improve the honey-type note of perfume compositions and perfumed products.

Description

La présente invention a trait au domaine de la parfumerie et plus particulièrement elle concerne l'utilisation d'un acide cycloaliphatique insaturé à titre d'ingrédient parfumant pour la préparation de parfums et produits parfumé:The present invention relates to the field of perfumery and more particularly it relates to the use of an unsaturated cycloaliphatic acid as a perfuming ingredient for the preparation of perfumes and perfumed products:

Parmi la variété de composés d'emploi courant en parfumerie, bien peu nombreux sont ceux destinés à conférer le caractère olfactif de type "miel" aux compositions ou produits dans lesquels ils sont incorporés. Dans cette classe de composés, le représentant le plus marquant est certainement constitué par l'acide phénylacétique dont l'odeur est douce, tout à la fois animale et de type miel [voir à ce sujet S. Arctander, Perfume and Flavor Chemicals, Sec. 2492, Montclair, N.J., USA (1969)7. Sa note animale est considérée cependant comme étant trop prononcée et son emploi pose souvent des problèmes à l'utilisateur qui doit s'ingénier à trouver des accords appropriés afin de mieux l'harmoniser dans l'ensemble de la composition.Among the variety of compounds commonly used in perfumery, very few are those intended to confer the "honey" type olfactory character to the compositions or products in which they are incorporated. In this class of compounds, the most striking representative is certainly constituted by phenylacetic acid, the smell of which is sweet, both animal and honey-like [see on this subject S. Arctander, Perfume and Flavor Chemicals, Sec . 2492, Montclair, N.J., USA (1969) 7. Its animal note is however considered to be too pronounced and its use often poses problems for the user who must try to find suitable agreements in order to better harmonize it throughout the composition.

Nous avons maintenant découvert que l'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique de formule

Figure imgb0001
pouvait servir à conférer ou améliorer la note odorante de type miel de parfums et produits parfumés sans pour autant posséder les caractères secondaires propres de l'acide phénylacétique.We have now discovered that 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid of the formula
Figure imgb0001
could be used to impart or improve the honey-like fragrant note of perfumes and scented products without having the specific secondary characteristics of phenylacetic acid.

Doté de très bonne puissance et d'excellente substantivité, l'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique de l'invention trouve un emploi fort étendu tant en parfumerie fine que dans des applications techniques, par exemple dans le parfumage de savons, de détergents, en poudre ou liquides, d'articles d'entretien ou de cosmétiques, shampoings ou crèmes de beauté.Endowed with very good power and excellent substantivity, the 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid of the invention finds a very wide use both in fine perfumery as in technical applications, for example in the perfuming of soaps, detergents, powder or liquids, maintenance articles or cosmetics, shampoos or beauty creams.

Les proportions dans lesquelles le composé de l'invention sert à développer les effets odorants recherchés peuvent varier dans une gamme de valeurs assez étendue. Sa puissance est telle que des quantités de l'ordre de 1-10 o/oo en poids par rapport au poids de la composition ou de l'article parfumé peuvent déjà être suffisantes pour obtenir un effet positif. Des concentrations de 0,1-2 % sont utilisées de préférence dans la manufacture de compositions concentrées ou de "coeurs".The proportions in which the compound of the invention serves to develop the desired odorous effects can vary within a fairly wide range of values. Its power is such that quantities of the order of 1-10 o / oo by weight relative to the weight of the composition or of the scented article may already be sufficient to obtain a positive effect. Concentrations of 0.1-2% are preferably used in the manufacture of concentrated compositions or "hearts".

Les techniques de parfumage usuelles peuvent également être utilisées dans le cas de l'emploi de l'acide dont il est question ici. C'est ainsi que l'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique peut être ajouté soit directement au produit que l'on désire parfumer, soit, plus souvent, sous forme de solution en mélange avec d'autres ingrédients parfumants. Les coingrédients, les solvants ou les supports usuels dont l'utilisation est bien connu par l'homme de l'art conviennent parfaitement à cet effet.The usual perfuming techniques can also be used in the case of the use of the acid which is discussed here. Thus 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid can be added either directly to the product which one wishes to perfume, or, more often, in the form of a solution mixed with other perfuming ingredients. The co-ingredients, the solvents or the usual supports, the use of which is well known to those skilled in the art, are perfectly suited for this purpose.

L'acide de l'invention est une entité chimique connue. Sa préparation peut s'effectuer conformément à des méthodes décrites [voir à cet effet le brevet US 1'965'792] ou à partir de cyclopentylidène-acétate de méthyle [voir le brevet US 4'280'934] par hydrolyse de celui-ci suivant le schéma que voici :

Figure imgb0002
The acid of the invention is a known chemical entity. Its preparation can be carried out in accordance with the methods described [see for this purpose US patent 1,965,792] or from cyclopentylidene-methyl acetate [see US patent 4,280,934] by hydrolysis thereof here following the diagram that here:
Figure imgb0002

La méthode spécifique suivie a été la suivante :The specific method followed was as follows:

A une solution de l'ester méthylique (700 g) dans 2 lt de méthanol on a ajouté goutte à goutte à reflux (70°C) une solution aqueuse à 30 % de NaOH.To a solution of the methyl ester (700 g) in 2 lt of methanol was added dropwise at reflux (70 ° C) a 30% aqueous solution of NaOH.

Le mélange réactionnel a été maintenu à 70°C pendant 1 nuit, puis 2,5 lt d'eau y ont été ajoutés et le méthanol a été évaporé. Après acidification avec de l'HCl, séparation de la phase organique, suivie de réextraction à l'éther de la phase aqueuse, on a distillé sous pression réduite les deux phases organiques réunies.The reaction mixture was kept at 70 ° C overnight, then 2.5 lt of water was added thereto and the methanol was evaporated. After acidification with HCl, separation of the organic phase, followed by re-extraction with ether of the aqueous phase, the two combined organic phases were distilled under reduced pressure.

Le produit désiré a été obtenu avec un rendement de 82,3 % à Eb. 96°C/env. 6,65 Pa. Des traces du composé isomérique de formule

Figure imgb0003
étaient également présentes dans le produit obtenu, mais leur présence n'exerce pas d'influence pratique sur la qualité du produit principal.The desired product was obtained with a yield of 82.3% at Eb. 96 ° C / approx. 6.65 Pa. Traces of the isomeric compound of formula
Figure imgb0003
were also present in the product obtained, but their presence does not have a practical influence on the quality of the main product.

Il convient de mentionner que le brevet US 1'965'792 précité décrit l'utilisation de certains esters de l'acide en question en tant qu'agents parfumants. Les propriétés utiles de l'acide même avaient cependant échappé à l'inventeur.It should be mentioned that the aforementioned US Patent 1,965,792 describes the use of certain esters of the acid in question as perfuming agents. The useful properties of the acid itself, however, had eluded the inventor.

L'invention est illustrée de manière plus détaillée par les exemples suivants.The invention is illustrated in more detail by the following examples.

Exemple 1Example 1

L'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique en solution à 25 % dans le phtalate diéthylique a été ajouté à raison de 2 % dans une pâte de savon commercial à odeur neutre et, suivant les techniques usuelles, la pâte résultante a servi à la manufacture de barres de savons de toilette. L'odeur de l'article obtenu ainsi a été jugée par un groupe d'experts qui l'ont définie comme étant caractérisée par une note distincte de type "miel".The 2-cyclopentenylacetic acid in solution at 25% in diethyl phthalate was added at a rate of 2% in a commercial soap paste with neutral odor and, according to the usual techniques, the resulting paste was used for the manufacture of bars of toilet soaps. The odor of the article thus obtained was judged by a group of experts who defined it as being characterized by a separate note of the "honey" type.

Exemple 2Example 2

Une composition de base de type rose a été préparée en mélangeant les ingrédients suivants (parties en poids) :

Figure imgb0004
Figure imgb0005
A basic pink-type composition was prepared by mixing the following ingredients (parts by weight):
Figure imgb0004
Figure imgb0005

En ajoutant à la composition ci-dessus 0,5 parties en poids d'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique on obtient une nouvelle composition dont le caractère est plus doux, plus arrondi et surtout plus montant.By adding to the above composition 0.5 parts by weight of 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid, a new composition is obtained, the character of which is softer, more rounded and above all more prominent.

Exemple 3Example 3

Une composition parfumante de base destinée à être incorporée dans un shampoing a été préparée en mélangeant les ingrédients suivants (parties en poids) :

Figure imgb0006
A basic perfume composition intended to be incorporated into a shampoo was prepared by mixing the following ingredients (parts by weight):
Figure imgb0006

En ajoutant à la composition de base ci-dessus 10 parties de l'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique, on obtient une nouvelle composition dont le caractère miel est très prononcé. Son effet doux rend la composition obtenue apte au parfumage d'un shampoing pour enfants.By adding 10 parts of 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid to the above basic composition, a new composition is obtained, the honey character of which is very pronounced. Its soft effect makes the composition obtained suitable for perfuming a shampoo for children.

Exemple 4Example 4

L'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique en solution à 10% dans le phtalate diéthylique a été utilisé pour la préparation des divers produits parfumés énumérés ci-dessous. La stabilité de l'effet olfactif obtenu ainsi que la coloration du produit parfumé ont été examinées dans les conditions décrites dans le tableau suivant:

Figure imgb0007
1-Cyclopentenylacetic acid in 10% solution in diethyl phthalate was used for the preparation of the various scented products listed below. The stability of the olfactory effect obtained as well as the coloring of the scented product were examined under the conditions described in the following table:
Figure imgb0007

La stabilité olfactive a été également confirmée par des essais d'irradiation ultraviolette prolongée des produits obtenus.The olfactory stability was also confirmed by tests of prolonged ultraviolet irradiation of the products obtained.

Claims (4)

1. Utilisation de l'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique de formule
Figure imgb0008
à titre d'ingrédient parfumant.
1. Use of 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid of formula
Figure imgb0008
as a fragrance ingredient.
2. Composition parfumante caractérisée en ce qu'elle contient à titre d'ingrédient odorant actif l'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique.2. Perfume composition characterized in that it contains as active odorant ingredient 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid. 3. Produit parfumé caractérisé en ce qu'il contient à titre d'ingrédient odorant actif l'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique.3. Perfumed product characterized in that it contains as active odorant ingredient 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid. 4. Procédé pour conférer ou améliorer la note de type "miel" de compositions parfumantes et produits parfumés caractérisé en ce qu'on ajoute auxdits compositions et produits l'acide 1-cyclopenténylacétique.4. Method for imparting or improving the "honey" type note of perfume compositions and perfumed products, characterized in that 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid is added to said compositions and products.
EP84100217A 1983-01-26 1984-01-11 Use of 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid as perfuming ingredient, perfuming composition containing it and perfumed products Expired EP0115278B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH41983 1983-01-26
CH419/83 1983-01-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0115278A2 true EP0115278A2 (en) 1984-08-08
EP0115278A3 EP0115278A3 (en) 1986-03-19
EP0115278B1 EP0115278B1 (en) 1988-03-02

Family

ID=4186596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84100217A Expired EP0115278B1 (en) 1983-01-26 1984-01-11 Use of 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid as perfuming ingredient, perfuming composition containing it and perfumed products

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4584127A (en)
EP (1) EP0115278B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59144714A (en)
DE (1) DE3469562D1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017140336A1 (en) * 2016-02-15 2017-08-24 Symrise Ag Fragrant mixtures containing esters and ketones

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5164364A (en) * 1986-09-30 1992-11-17 Givaudan Corporation Ethyl campholenates and dihydro derivatives thereof as flavorants and odorants
ES2047188T3 (en) * 1989-04-27 1994-02-16 Firmenich & Cie PERFUMED PROCEDURE.
US6720295B2 (en) * 2001-08-27 2004-04-13 Firmenich Sa Use of tertiary alcohols or esters as perfuming ingredients
JP4486549B2 (en) * 2005-06-06 2010-06-23 三菱重工業株式会社 Gas turbine combustor
EP2474301B1 (en) * 2011-12-14 2014-04-16 Symrise AG Perfume mixtures containing Cyclopent-2-Enyl-ethyl acetate

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2729121A1 (en) * 1976-06-30 1978-01-12 Firmenich & Cie PROCEDURES FOR IMPROVING, ENHANCING OR MODIFYING THE ODOR-CARRYING PROPERTIES OF PERFUMES OR PERFUMED PRODUCTS

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1965792A (en) * 1931-03-06 1934-07-10 Cie De Bethune Esters of unsubstituted and alphasubstituted cyclopentenylacetic acid and their production
US4031132A (en) * 1974-07-19 1977-06-21 Givaudan Corporation Isopropenyl cyclopentene carboxylic acids

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2729121A1 (en) * 1976-06-30 1978-01-12 Firmenich & Cie PROCEDURES FOR IMPROVING, ENHANCING OR MODIFYING THE ODOR-CARRYING PROPERTIES OF PERFUMES OR PERFUMED PRODUCTS

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
S. ARCTANDER: "Perfume and flavor chemicals", 1969, Montclair, N.J. (US) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017140336A1 (en) * 2016-02-15 2017-08-24 Symrise Ag Fragrant mixtures containing esters and ketones
US10876067B2 (en) 2016-02-15 2020-12-29 Symrise Ag Fragrant mixtures containing esters and ketones

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4584127A (en) 1986-04-22
EP0115278B1 (en) 1988-03-02
EP0115278A3 (en) 1986-03-19
JPS6127368B2 (en) 1986-06-25
JPS59144714A (en) 1984-08-18
DE3469562D1 (en) 1988-04-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0180885B1 (en) Use of a cycloaliphatic carbinol as a perfuming ingredient
EP0392258B1 (en) Aromatic aldehydes, their derivatives and their use as ingredients in perfumes, herbicides and fungicides
EP2566838B1 (en) Compounds with a woody note
EP2203417B1 (en) Substituted octane(ene) nitriles, methods for the synthesis thereof and uses thereof in perfumery
EP0115278B1 (en) Use of 1-cyclopentenylacetic acid as perfuming ingredient, perfuming composition containing it and perfumed products
EP0584477B1 (en) Use of a cyclopentadecenone as a perfuming ingredient
EP0544110B1 (en) Tertiary cyclic alcools and their use as perfume component
EP0004968B1 (en) Norbornene(-ane) derivatives, process for their preparation and their use as perfuming agents
EP0051546B1 (en) Process for preparing perfuming compositions and perfumed products, and compositions and products so obtained
JP6005159B2 (en) Incense acetal
JP5897119B2 (en) Penta / hexamethyl-3,4,5,8-tetrahydro-1 (2H) -naphthalenone derivatives having aromatic notes
EP1069176B1 (en) Aliphatic esters and their use as perfume ingredients
EP0838215B1 (en) Use of unsaturated aliphatic esters in perfumery
EP0200890B1 (en) Use of a spirolactone as a perfuming agent
EP0921186B1 (en) Use of ethyl 3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate as a perfuming ingredient
EP0045534B1 (en) Use of phenyl-n-hexyl ketone as a perfuming agent, and perfume compositions containing the same
JP4128223B2 (en) Use of cyclic ketones in perfumes
EP0181475B1 (en) Unsaturated aliphatic ketone and its use as perfuming ingredient
WO1992003402A1 (en) Polycyclic ketone compound and use thereof as perfuming ingredient
EP0052115B1 (en) Bicyclic compounds and utilization thereof as perfuming agents
EP0382934B1 (en) Tricyclic ketones, method of making them and their application as perfume agents
EP0056500A2 (en) 2,2-Dimethyl-propionic acid esters, their use as perfuming agents and composition containing one of them
JPH01160936A (en) Novel aroma emitting compound
EP0504563B1 (en) Perfuming ingredient with a spiranic structure
US20090054299A1 (en) Use of unsaturated ketones as a perfume

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19840111

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB LI NL

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB LI NL

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19861201

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: NON E' STATA DESIGNATA L'ITALIA;ING. C. GREGORJ S.

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB LI NL

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3469562

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19880407

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19890131

Year of fee payment: 9

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19910801

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19931208

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19931209

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19931210

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19931217

Year of fee payment: 11

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19950111

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19950131

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19950131

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19950111

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19950929

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19951003

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST