EP0113729A1 - A method of producing a liquid-absorbing granulate and also a liquid-absorbing granulate made by the method - Google Patents

A method of producing a liquid-absorbing granulate and also a liquid-absorbing granulate made by the method

Info

Publication number
EP0113729A1
EP0113729A1 EP19830900912 EP83900912A EP0113729A1 EP 0113729 A1 EP0113729 A1 EP 0113729A1 EP 19830900912 EP19830900912 EP 19830900912 EP 83900912 A EP83900912 A EP 83900912A EP 0113729 A1 EP0113729 A1 EP 0113729A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
cellulose
granulate
moler
clay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19830900912
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jorgen Boll
Leo Fischer Juhl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKAMOL SKARREHAGE MOLERVAERK AS
Original Assignee
SKAMOL SKARREHAGE MOLERVAERK AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SKAMOL SKARREHAGE MOLERVAERK AS filed Critical SKAMOL SKARREHAGE MOLERVAERK AS
Publication of EP0113729A1 publication Critical patent/EP0113729A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
    • A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
    • A01K1/0152—Litter
    • A01K1/0154—Litter comprising inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
    • A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
    • A01K1/0152—Litter
    • A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material

Definitions

  • a method of producing a liquid-absorbing granulate and also a liquid-absorbing granulate made by the method made by the method.
  • the invention relates to a method of producing a liquid- absorbing granulate, especially used for cat litter and for shop floors to absorb oil, and also a liquid-absor ⁇ bing granulate produced according to the method.
  • the final product next continues on to the packing or storing facilities.
  • the fractionation which is carried out after the dehrydration the grains with a grain size of more than 10 mm are conveyed to a crusher and from there back to the fractionation. Grains with a grain size under 2 mm are mixed into the moler as re-circulated dust.
  • the granulate must fulf l.certain conditions as to the abili ⁇ ty to absorb, to strength, to set-off and to colour.
  • the ab ⁇ sorbing ability for the given purpose must alltogether be as good as possible. It is also essential hat the grains pos ⁇ sess a certain compression strength so that they are able to bear the pressures which occur during storage and shipment and also when used as floor litter, so that it will not be crushed under a foot's load.
  • the purpose of the invention is to indicate a method of pro ⁇ ducing a granulate which fulfils the above conditions and which enables the use of another substance than moler under +19.
  • the raw clay is mixed with a fibre substance such as cellu ⁇ lose filament, by way of example wood fibre cellulose, straw cellulose fibres, hemp cellulose fibres, mineral wool fibres. ceramic fibres, plastic fibres (polypropylene) , glass fi ⁇ bres, wollastonite, for the purpose you may use deposits of clay which have not yet been utilized and diatomite and still obtain a granulate with properties which are compar- able with those of a granulate made traditionally from mo ⁇ ler occurences under +19. Besides it appears that the well- known moler granulate will obtain materially better proper ⁇ ties when some fibre substance is mixed with it.
  • a fibre substance such as cellu ⁇ lose filament
  • a method of producing a granulate going out from moler above +19 and recycling paper is that by which the recycling paper is split up in a paper mill.
  • the split-up paper, the moler above +19 and sifted-out dust from the final product and al ⁇ so possible large grain sizes separated by the fractionation having passed an extruder are mixed in a kneading machine, from which the mixture is conveyed to the extruder, which makes pills out of the substance.
  • a fractio ⁇ nation may take place, as already mentioned.
  • the pills are dried and the drying may prospectively take place in a rotary kiln, in a drying conveyor or by air-drying, of which the last-mentioned has proved to be the best method.
  • a fractionation takes places after the drying and by that the dust is sifted out and brought to the mixer. After that the finished material will be taken to the pack ⁇ ing.
  • a granulate consisting of 90% moler below +19 and 10% split- up paper is produced. (The indicated percentages are based on dry weight) .
  • the paper is split up by means of a stirring propeller in water.
  • the paper pulp and the moler are mixed in a agitator mixer while anadequate amount of water is ad ⁇ ded, i.e. until the mixture is extrudable.
  • the mixture is extruded and the granulate is dried at 110 C.
  • the granulate made in this manner has the following charac ⁇ teristics:
  • the granulate produced by that has the following character- 5 istics:
  • a granulate consisting of 90% moler above +19 from which the ashes have been sifted out as indicated in the description of the Danish patent No. 127 410 and 10% split-up paper is produced.
  • the production method is the same as for example 1.
  • the granulate produced by that has the following charac ⁇ teristics:
  • the Mop-test Before the test 98.16 g over 1.19 mm after the test 1.26 - - 1.19 - 1.28% granulate - 1.19 - after the test.
  • a granulate of 90% moler above +19, without sifting out the ashes, and 10% split-up paper is produced.
  • the production method is the same as for example 1.
  • the granulate produced has the.following characteristics:
  • a granulate of moler like that of example 5 is made, but no paper is added.
  • the granulate is dried at 150-250°C in a rotary kiln.
  • the granulate produced has the following characteristics:
  • a granulate like the one in example 3 is made, however, the paper is replaced by 10% straw cellulose.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un procédé de production d'un granulé pour absorber des liquides, on ajoute à la matière de base, qui peut être de l'argile et/ou de la diatomite, un matériau fibreux tel que des filaments de cellulose. Par ce procédé, il devient possible entre autres d'utiliser à cet effet des dépôts d'argile inexploités jusqu'à aujourd'hui, et il n'est plus nécessaire de brûler le granulé, ce qui était requis pour ce qui est du granulé bien connu de "moler" qui ne contient pas une quantité considérable de cendres. Du papier recyclé peut être utilisé comme matériau fibreux avantageux et approprié. Un granulé pour absorber des liquides produit selon ce procédé consiste en une matière de base telle que l'argile, y compris le "moler", la sepiolite, l'attapulgite, le kaolin ou des mélanges de celles-ci ou la diatomite, et un matériau fibreux tel que des filaments de cellulose, p.ex. la cellulose des fibres du bois, des fibres de cellulose de paille et de chanvre, des fibres de laine minérale, des fibres céramiques, des fibres plastiques, des fibres de wollastonite.In a process for producing a granule for absorbing liquids, a fibrous material such as cellulose filaments is added to the base material, which may be clay and / or diatomite. By this process, it becomes possible inter alia for this purpose to use clay deposits unexploited until today, and it is no longer necessary to burn the granule, which was required for the granule well known to "moler" which does not contain a considerable amount of ash. Recycled paper can be used as an advantageous and suitable fibrous material. A granule for absorbing liquids produced by this process consists of a base material such as clay, including "moler", sepiolite, attapulgite, kaolin or mixtures thereof or diatomite, and a fibrous material such as cellulose filaments, eg cellulose from wood fibers, cellulose fibers from straw and hemp, mineral wool fibers, ceramic fibers, plastic fibers, wollastonite fibers.

Description

A method of producing a liquid-absorbing granulate and also a liquid-absorbing granulate made by the method.
The invention relates to a method of producing a liquid- absorbing granulate, especially used for cat litter and for shop floors to absorb oil, and also a liquid-absor¬ bing granulate produced according to the method.
There exists knowledge of a granulate used as above which is based on moler under +19. In the moler deposits there are more than 200 'ash layers in all, of which the 179 thickest and easiest recognizable ones are numbered from +140 to -39. The ash layers are irregularly distributed down through the 55-60 m of moler deposits. There is an ash section of approx. 20 in the upper part of the mo¬ ler, consisting of 118 tightlying ash layers (No. +1 to +118). At the very top there is 5-10 m moler with only 22 ash layers, viz. +119 to +140. The nethermost appr. 30 of deposits only have 39 very scattered ash layers, -1 to -39. The industies are only interested in that part of the moler which is poorest in ashes, meaning the part be¬ ing below the ash layer +19- The moler deposits above +19 have hitherto been without interest because of their large amount of ash layers.
There is a well-known method of producing a granulate which is used for cat litter and floor litter and which is based on moler below +19. By that method the raw moler and re-cir¬ culated dust are led to a combined grinding and crushing a- chine where it is hacked to pills of a size of 0-13 mm, and next it is led to dehydration at 100 C- After dehydration a fractionation takes place, by which the granulate with a grain size of 2^—10 mm continues on to be burned in a rotary kiln. After that another fractionation takes place by which approx. 10% of dust appears as a residue.
The final product next continues on to the packing or storing facilities. By the fractionation which is carried out after the dehrydration the grains with a grain size of more than 10 mm are conveyed to a crusher and from there back to the fractionation. Grains with a grain size under 2 mm are mixed into the moler as re-circulated dust.
From the description of the Danish patent No. 127 410 there is a well-known method of producing an absorbing granulate of moler, but that method gives a large waste in the form of dust which cannot be reused. Furthermore the granulate made by that method does not possess quite a satisfactory hardness and it may also have a tendency of disintegrating i water.
The granulate must fulf l.certain conditions as to the abili¬ ty to absorb, to strength, to set-off and to colour. The ab¬ sorbing ability for the given purpose must alltogether be as good as possible. It is also essential hat the grains pos¬ sess a certain compression strength so that they are able to bear the pressures which occur during storage and shipment and also when used as floor litter, so that it will not be crushed under a foot's load.
As to set-off, this to some extent will depend on the colour, as a neutral colour as grey or golden allows for more set-off than does the characteristic reddish colour of moler.
The purpose of the invention is to indicate a method of pro¬ ducing a granulate which fulfils the above conditions and which enables the use of another substance than moler under +19.
In connection with the invention it has turned out that if the raw clay is mixed with a fibre substance such as cellu¬ lose filament, by way of example wood fibre cellulose, straw cellulose fibres, hemp cellulose fibres, mineral wool fibres. ceramic fibres, plastic fibres (polypropylene) , glass fi¬ bres, wollastonite, for the purpose you may use deposits of clay which have not yet been utilized and diatomite and still obtain a granulate with properties which are compar- able with those of a granulate made traditionally from mo¬ ler occurences under +19. Besides it appears that the well- known moler granulate will obtain materially better proper¬ ties when some fibre substance is mixed with it. Thus you may use thetill now un-utilized moler deposits above +19. Even other sorts of clay, such as sepiolite, attapulgite, kaolin, brick-clay etc. may be used together with diatomite. A cheap material available is recycling paper and cardboard.
A method of producing a granulate going out from moler above +19 and recycling paper is that by which the recycling paper is split up in a paper mill. The split-up paper, the moler above +19 and sifted-out dust from the final product and al¬ so possible large grain sizes separated by the fractionation having passed an extruder are mixed in a kneading machine, from which the mixture is conveyed to the extruder, which makes pills out of the substance. After extrusion a fractio¬ nation may take place, as already mentioned. Next the pills are dried and the drying may prospectively take place in a rotary kiln, in a drying conveyor or by air-drying, of which the last-mentioned has proved to be the best method. As ear- lier mentioned a fractionation takes places after the drying and by that the dust is sifted out and brought to the mixer. After that the finished material will be taken to the pack¬ ing.
Compared with the production of the well-known granulates it should be notified that the production according to the in¬ vention is energy-saving for that reason alone that easier accessible clay deposits may be utilized and - which is es¬ sential - that the burning of the pills may be omitted. Be- sides the method gives a larger profit, as the dust which is sifted out by the well-known method as a waste may be returned into the mixture. The procedure just described is not exclusively meant for producing the granulate based on moler above +19 and recycling paper, but it is also applic¬ able for other basic materials. As to admitting the fibres, this must be adapted to the material in speech; thus mine¬ ral wool fibres and ceramic; fibres are dispersed in water before they are admitted.
On the following pages the invention will be illustrated more explicitly by some examples.
Example 1
A granulate consisting of 90% moler below +19 and 10% split- up paper is produced. (The indicated percentages are based on dry weight) . The paper is split up by means of a stirring propeller in water. The paper pulp and the moler are mixed in a agitator mixer while anadequate amount of water is ad¬ ded, i.e. until the mixture is extrudable. The mixture is extruded and the granulate is dried at 110 C.
The granulate made in this manner has the following charac¬ teristics:
Density: 387 kg/m3 estLnghouse oil 64.05% water: 99.65%,
The Mop-test: before the test 99.86 g over 1.19 mm after the test 79.38 - - 1.19 - 79.49% granulate - 1.19 - after the test
It should be observed that the granulate does not disinte- grate in water.
"SURET Example 2
To enable a comparison we have made a granulate like the one in example 1, but without adding paper.
The granulate produced by that has the following character- 5 istics:
Density: 521 kg/m 3 estinghouse oil: 57.45% water 113.40%
The Mop-test: Before the test 90.30 g over 1.19 mm 10 after the test 16.39 - - 1.19 -
18.13% granulate - 1.19 - after the test It should be observed that the granulate disintegrates in wa¬ ter.
Example 3
15 A granulate consisting of 90% moler above +19 from which the ashes have been sifted out as indicated in the description of the Danish patent No. 127 410 and 10% split-up paper is produced. The production method is the same as for example 1.
The granulate produced has the following characteristics:
3
20 Density: 451 kg/m
Westinghouse oil: 51.95% water: 60.20%
The Mop-test: Before the test 99.79 g over 1.19 mm after the test 58.93 g - 1.19 - 25 59.07% granulate - 1.19 - after the test. It should be observed that the granulate does not disinte¬ grate in water.
Example 4
To enable a comparison we have made a granulate like the one in example 3, but without adding paper.
The granulate produced by that has the following charac¬ teristics:
3 Density: 475 kg/m
Westinghouse oil: 59.95% - water: 66.60%
The Mop-test: Before the test 98.16 g over 1.19 mm after the test 1.26 - - 1.19 - 1.28% granulate - 1.19 - after the test.
It should be observed that the granulate disintegrates in water.
Example 5
A granulate of 90% moler above +19, without sifting out the ashes, and 10% split-up paper is produced. The production method is the same as for example 1.
The granulate produced has the.following characteristics:
3 Density: 475 kg/m
Westinghouse oil: 48.35% water: 55.15% The Mop-test: Before the test 98.31 g over 1.19 mm fc. after the test 45.95 - - 1.19 - 46.74% granulate - 1.19 - after the test.
It should be observed that the granulate does not disinte- 5 grate in water.
Example 6
For comparison a granulate of moler like that of example 5 is made, but no paper is added. The granulate is dried at 150-250°C in a rotary kiln.
10 The granulate produced has the following characteristics:
3 Density: 644 kg/m
Westinghouse oil: 51.80%
- water: 108.40%
The Mop-test: Before the test 77.40 g over 1.19 mm 15 after the test 28.74 - - 1.19 -
37.13% granulate - 1.19 - after the . test.
It should be observed that the granulate disintegrates slightly in water.
20 Example 7
A granulate like the one in example 3 is made, however, the paper is replaced by 10% straw cellulose.
The material produced has the following characteristics:
Density: 485 kg/m3
Westinghouse oil: 55.81% 8
Westinghouse water: 67.00%
The Mop-test: Before the test 99.52 g over 1.19 mm after the test 81.39 g - 1.19 -
81.78% granulate - 1.19 - after the test.
It should be observed that the granulate does not disinte¬ grate in water.
O PI

Claims

Claims
1. Method of producing a liquid-absorbing granulate which especially is used as cat litter and floor litter and c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the material being admix- tured a fibre material such as cellulose filament, by way of example wood fibre cellulose, straw cellulose fibres, hemp cellulose fibres, mineral wool fibres, ceramic fibres, plastic fibres (polypropylene) , glass fibres, wollastonite fibres before the pulp is moulded into pills.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, c h a r a c t e r ¬ i z e d b y the fibre material being split up e*g. by being dispersed in water before it is mixed with the raw clay or the diatomite, and possible sifted-out dust from the end product and large grain sizes are admixtured during the production, after which the pulp is moulded into pills, which next are dried, e.g. in a rotary kiln of the co-cur¬ rent type, in a conveyor-drier or open-air drier, after which the material is packed, possibly after a preceding sifting-out of the dust.
3. A liquid-absorbing granulate, especially being used as cat litter and floor litter, c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y the fact that it consists of a material such as clay, under here moler, brick-clay, sepiolite, attapulgite, kao¬ lin or mixtures of these, or diatomite and a fibre material, such as cellulose filament, e.g. wood fibre cellulose, straw cellulose fibres, hemp cellulose fibres, mineral wool fibres, ceramic fibres, plastic fibres, glass fibres, wol¬ lastonitefibres.
4. A granulate according to Claim 3, c h a r a c t e r - i z e d b y the fact that the fibre material makes out a percentage by weight between 5 and 25.
EP19830900912 1982-03-11 1983-03-10 A method of producing a liquid-absorbing granulate and also a liquid-absorbing granulate made by the method Withdrawn EP0113729A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK105982A DK105982A (en) 1982-03-11 1982-03-11 PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF LIQUID PREPARING GRANULATE AND A LIQUID PREPARING GRANULATE PREPARED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROCEDURE
DK1059/82 1982-03-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0113729A1 true EP0113729A1 (en) 1984-07-25

Family

ID=8100522

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19830900912 Withdrawn EP0113729A1 (en) 1982-03-11 1983-03-10 A method of producing a liquid-absorbing granulate and also a liquid-absorbing granulate made by the method

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0113729A1 (en)
DK (1) DK105982A (en)
WO (1) WO1983003255A1 (en)

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FR2611432B1 (en) * 1985-03-21 1992-01-03 Lowe Henry NON-CLAY MATERIAL FOR TRIMMING CAT BOXES AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME
EP0221220A1 (en) * 1985-10-31 1987-05-13 Mouawad, Paul Process for manufacturing highly water absorbing and water retaining granulates, these granulates and their use, especially agriculturally
DE3911678A1 (en) * 1989-04-10 1990-10-11 Organ Faser Technology Co ANIMAL TREATMENT AND METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
US5176107A (en) * 1989-07-24 1993-01-05 Buschur Jeffrey J Pet litter
US5188064A (en) * 1991-10-07 1993-02-23 Venture Innovations, Inc. Clumping cat litter
DE4311488A1 (en) * 1993-04-07 1994-10-13 Sued Chemie Ag Process for the preparation of sorbents based on cellulose fibers, comminuted wood material and clay minerals
US5452684A (en) * 1994-05-24 1995-09-26 American Colloid Company Method of agglomerating a smectite clay litter
ES2087831B1 (en) * 1994-12-22 1997-04-01 Tolsa Sa NEW SEPIOLITE BASED ABSORBENT BITTER FOR ANIMALS AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS PREPARATION.
PL176140B1 (en) * 1995-02-15 1999-04-30 Anna Oklej Sand bed for small domestic animals especially cats
DE19726439C2 (en) * 1997-06-23 1999-05-06 Juergen Herbst Process for the production of granules and granules from paper fibers and clay
EP1021082A1 (en) * 1997-10-01 2000-07-26 Rolf Warnke Animal litter and a method for producing the same
DE19814910A1 (en) * 1998-04-03 1999-10-14 Hanf Faser Fabrik Uckermark Gm Pelleting hemp scrapings from fiber manufacture to give product useful e.g. in cat litter
DE19956948C2 (en) * 1999-11-26 2003-11-27 Technologie Transfer Zentrum A Use of a molded body from at least one by-product of natural fiber extraction and a completely biodegradable binder
CN106140086A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-11-23 合肥工业大学 A kind of preparation method and applications of porous biological carrier adsorbing material
CN113598072A (en) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-05 云麻溯源生物科技(上海)有限公司 Industrial hemp cat litter with antibacterial and deodorizing functions and preparation method thereof

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JPS5628640A (en) * 1979-08-18 1981-03-20 Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd Molded product for absorbing liquid
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1983003255A1 (en) 1983-09-29
DK105982A (en) 1983-11-21

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Inventor name: BOLL, JORGEN

Inventor name: JUHL, LEO FISCHER