EP0113362A1 - Brick manufacture - Google Patents

Brick manufacture

Info

Publication number
EP0113362A1
EP0113362A1 EP83902082A EP83902082A EP0113362A1 EP 0113362 A1 EP0113362 A1 EP 0113362A1 EP 83902082 A EP83902082 A EP 83902082A EP 83902082 A EP83902082 A EP 83902082A EP 0113362 A1 EP0113362 A1 EP 0113362A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
column
frog
cut
brick
forming station
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83902082A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jack Peterson
Jack Clive Smale
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CLIFTON BRICK HOLDINGS Ltd
Jc Smale Consolidated Industries Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
CLIFTON BRICK HOLDINGS Ltd
Jc Smale Consolidated Industries Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CLIFTON BRICK HOLDINGS Ltd, Jc Smale Consolidated Industries Pty Ltd filed Critical CLIFTON BRICK HOLDINGS Ltd
Publication of EP0113362A1 publication Critical patent/EP0113362A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/18—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/12—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for removing parts of the articles by cutting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of bricks, and more particularly to the formation of the frog in the larger face of bricks.
  • Bricks are conventionally manufactured by (a) pressing the raw clay into the required shape in individual moulds, or (b) extruding a column or slug of raw clay, which is subsequently wirecut into individual bricks.
  • Frogs can be formed in pressed bricks simultaneously with the initial pressing step, or at a subsequent repressing step. Extruded bicks cannot be provided with frogs during the extrusion process, however the slug can be extruded with holes extending throughout its length.
  • the slug is wirecut, bricks are produced with holes extending from bed-face to bed-face, such holes providing a similar keying action for the mortar as does a frog.
  • Pressed brick manufacture requires a large number of individual moulds, thus requiring expensive handling machinery * to obtain a desirable rate of production. It is the object of this invention to provide an apparatus for manufacturing bricks by the extrusion process and subsequently forming a frog in one bed-face of each extruded brick.
  • a method of manufacturing bricks comprising the steps of:- a) extruding a column of raw clay having at least a cross-section corresponding to the desired brick cross-section; b) conveying the column to a frog-forming station; and c) cutting a frog(s) out of at least one side of the column at a position corresponding to any face of each individual brick cut from, or to be cut from, the column.
  • the column is longitudinally cut into a plurality of slugs, and transversely cut to form a column of individually cut raw bricks.
  • apparatus for manufacturing bricks comprising means to extrude a column of at least one slug of raw clay of a desired brick cross-section, means to convey the column to a frog-forming station, means at the frog-forming station to form a frog in at least one side of the column at a position corresponding to any face of each individual brick cut from, or to be cut from, the column.
  • the frog-forming station comprises one or a plurality of frog cutters equal to a brick, or a number of bricks in the column.
  • the frog cutters each comprise rotating blades, which are arranged to gouge out a depression in the face of the brick.
  • the frog cutter may be mounted vertically or horizontally.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of part of the embodiment of Figure 1 .
  • Figure 3 is a perspective amalgam of a practical arrangement of the apparatus of this invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a column 10 of extruded clay intended to be formed into bricks.
  • Column 10 is cut longitudinally for example by a wire cutter (not shown) into four slugs 12 as the column 10 emerges from the extruder (not shown) .
  • Slugs 12 are then cut transversely at equal intervals to form individual bricks 11.
  • Slugs 12 are then moved by a conveyor (not shown) from the extruder to a frog-forming station 13 as shown in Figure 1.
  • Station B comprises two banks of frog-cutters 14,
  • Cutters 14- are arranged in two banks of two tiers, each cutter being fixed to a rotatable shaft 15.
  • Shafts 15 are rotatably carried by a carriage 16.
  • Carriage 16 is movable towards and away from column 10 along rails 24.
  • each cutter 14 comprises from blades 17 fixed to core 18 for example by bolts 19.
  • Core 18 is in turn fixed to shaft 15.
  • shafts 15 are rotatably interconnected by gear arrangement 20.
  • Lower shaft 15 carries a pulley 15a driven by drive means 21 via a belt 22. Rotation of the lower shaft 15 in the direction shown will cause the upper shaft, by means of gears 20, to rotate in the same direction with the same speed.
  • both shafts 15 can be provided at the same end with a pulley 15a, each driven by a drive belt from a double pulley mounted on the shaft of drive means 21.
  • Column 10 of individually cut bricks 11 is transported to frog-cutting station 13 by a conveyor (not shown) .
  • the conveyor is indexed to move column 10 in increments equal to the length of two bricks 11, corresponding to the number of banks of cutters 14.
  • Four banks of cutters will require movement of column 10 in increments of four brick lengths, and so on. Selection of the number of banks of cutters will depend on a number of factors such as the capacity of the extruder, and the capacity of the brick handling equipment downstream of the frog-cutting station 13.
  • drive means 21 is activated to rotate the cutters, and carriage 16 is gradually moved towards the column 10.
  • blades 17 engage each raw brick 12, they gouge out a depression or frog 23 in brick 12.
  • frogs are formed simultaneously in eight bricks, four on the side of the column 10 shown in Figure 1, and four on the other side. Obviously, four banks of two tiers of
  • cutters will enable simultaneous cutting of frogs 23 in 16 bricks.
  • Depth of the frog 23 is determined by the distance moved by carriage 16 towards column 10. On completion of the rog-cutting, carriage 16 is moved away from column 10, and column 10 is moved by the conveyor a further distance of 2 brick lengths.
  • FIG. 3 shows a practical arrangement of the apparatus of this invention.
  • the apparatus comprises two carriages 36 having wheels 41 so they are movable on rails 40 (only one of which is shown, the other rail being at the far end of the carriages) .
  • Each carriage has a gear rack 42 which engages with a pinion 43. Rotation of pinion 43 will simultaneously move both carriages 36 towards or away from each other, depending on the direction of rotation of pinion 43.
  • Each carriage 36 carries a plurality of rotatable frog-cutters 34; a total of forty-eight cutters arranged in four rows of twelve cutters, two rows on each carriaage.
  • Conveyor belt 44 carries the raw slug from the extruder to the frog-cutting station. Suitable control systems are provided to control starting and stopping of conveyor 44, movement of carriages 36 and operation of cutters 34.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé et appareillage pour fabriquer des briques en extrudant une colonne d'argile brute dont au moins une section transversale correspond à une section transversale désirée de la brique. La colonne extrudée est conduite à une station de formation d'incurvations comportant une pluralité de lames (34) rotatives servant à former les incurvations. Les lames rotatives sont montées sur des chariots (36) de chaque côté de la colonne d'argile. Les chariots sont avancés vers la colonne d'argile jusqu'à ce que les lames rotatives forment simultanément des incurvations d'une profondeur désirée dans une pluralité de briques coupées, ou qui seront coupées, dans la colonne d'argile brute.Method and apparatus for making bricks by extruding a column of raw clay at least one cross section of which corresponds to a desired cross section of the brick. The extruded column is led to a curvature forming station having a plurality of rotating blades (34) for forming the curvatures. The rotating blades are mounted on carriages (36) on either side of the clay column. The carriages are advanced toward the clay column until the rotating blades simultaneously form bends of a desired depth in a plurality of bricks cut, or to be cut, in the raw clay column.

Description

"BRICK MANUFACTURE"
This invention relates to the manufacture of bricks, and more particularly to the formation of the frog in the larger face of bricks. Bricks are conventionally manufactured by (a) pressing the raw clay into the required shape in individual moulds, or (b) extruding a column or slug of raw clay, which is subsequently wirecut into individual bricks. Frogs can be formed in pressed bricks simultaneously with the initial pressing step, or at a subsequent repressing step. Extruded bicks cannot be provided with frogs during the extrusion process, however the slug can be extruded with holes extending throughout its length. When the slug is wirecut, bricks are produced with holes extending from bed-face to bed-face, such holes providing a similar keying action for the mortar as does a frog.
Pressed brick manufacture requires a large number of individual moulds, thus requiring expensive handling machinery* to obtain a desirable rate of production. It is the object of this invention to provide an apparatus for manufacturing bricks by the extrusion process and subsequently forming a frog in one bed-face of each extruded brick.
In accordance with the invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing bricks comprising the steps of:- a) extruding a column of raw clay having at least a cross-section corresponding to the desired brick cross-section; b) conveying the column to a frog-forming station; and c) cutting a frog(s) out of at least one side of the column at a position corresponding to any face of each individual brick cut from, or to be cut from, the column.
Preferably the column is longitudinally cut into a plurality of slugs, and transversely cut to form a column of individually cut raw bricks. According to another aspect of this invention, there is provided apparatus for manufacturing bricks comprising means to extrude a column of at least one slug of raw clay of a desired brick cross-section, means to convey the column to a frog-forming station, means at the frog-forming station to form a frog in at least one side of the column at a position corresponding to any face of each individual brick cut from, or to be cut from, the column.
The frog-forming station comprises one or a plurality of frog cutters equal to a brick, or a number of bricks in the column. Preferably the frog cutters each comprise rotating blades, which are arranged to gouge out a depression in the face of the brick. The frog cutter may be mounted vertically or horizontally. When the slug, or brick, reaches the frog-forming station, the slug, or brick, is positioned between the frog cutters. The frog cutters are then caused to move toward the slug and gouge out a hollow in one bed-face of each brick. The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the invention,
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of part of the embodiment of Figure 1 , and
Figure 3 is a perspective vier of a practical arrangement of the apparatus of this invention.
Figure 1 shows a column 10 of extruded clay intended to be formed into bricks. Column 10 is cut longitudinally for example by a wire cutter (not shown) into four slugs 12 as the column 10 emerges from the extruder (not shown) . Slugs 12 are then cut transversely at equal intervals to form individual bricks 11. Slugs 12 are then moved by a conveyor (not shown) from the extruder to a frog-forming station 13 as shown in Figure 1.
Station B comprises two banks of frog-cutters 14,
-^GRE
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Sjfr. wipo arranged on each side of column 10 (the frog-cutters on the rear side of the column are not shown in Figure 1). Cutters 14- are arranged in two banks of two tiers, each cutter being fixed to a rotatable shaft 15. Shafts 15 are rotatably carried by a carriage 16. Carriage 16 is movable towards and away from column 10 along rails 24.
Referring now to Figure 2, each cutter 14 comprises from blades 17 fixed to core 18 for example by bolts 19. Core 18 is in turn fixed to shaft 15. As shown in Figure 1, shafts 15 are rotatably interconnected by gear arrangement 20. Lower shaft 15 carries a pulley 15a driven by drive means 21 via a belt 22. Rotation of the lower shaft 15 in the direction shown will cause the upper shaft, by means of gears 20, to rotate in the same direction with the same speed. Alternatively, both shafts 15 can be provided at the same end with a pulley 15a, each driven by a drive belt from a double pulley mounted on the shaft of drive means 21.
Column 10 of individually cut bricks 11 is transported to frog-cutting station 13 by a conveyor (not shown) . The conveyor is indexed to move column 10 in increments equal to the length of two bricks 11, corresponding to the number of banks of cutters 14. Four banks of cutters will require movement of column 10 in increments of four brick lengths, and so on. Selection of the number of banks of cutters will depend on a number of factors such as the capacity of the extruder, and the capacity of the brick handling equipment downstream of the frog-cutting station 13. When the column 10 is properly aligned with cutters
14, drive means 21 is activated to rotate the cutters, and carriage 16 is gradually moved towards the column 10. As blades 17 engage each raw brick 12, they gouge out a depression or frog 23 in brick 12. In the embodiment shown, frogs are formed simultaneously in eight bricks, four on the side of the column 10 shown in Figure 1, and four on the other side. Obviously, four banks of two tiers of
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< *£S -A -
cutters will enable simultaneous cutting of frogs 23 in 16 bricks.
Depth of the frog 23 is determined by the distance moved by carriage 16 towards column 10. On completion of the rog-cutting, carriage 16 is moved away from column 10, and column 10 is moved by the conveyor a further distance of 2 brick lengths.
Figure 3 shows a practical arrangement of the apparatus of this invention. The apparatus comprises two carriages 36 having wheels 41 so they are movable on rails 40 (only one of which is shown, the other rail being at the far end of the carriages) . Each carriage has a gear rack 42 which engages with a pinion 43. Rotation of pinion 43 will simultaneously move both carriages 36 towards or away from each other, depending on the direction of rotation of pinion 43.
Each carriage 36 carries a plurality of rotatable frog-cutters 34; a total of forty-eight cutters arranged in four rows of twelve cutters, two rows on each carriaage. Conveyor belt 44 carries the raw slug from the extruder to the frog-cutting station. Suitable control systems are provided to control starting and stopping of conveyor 44, movement of carriages 36 and operation of cutters 34.
Bricks manufactured on the apparatus and according to the method of the present invention can be produced quicker than the usual press method of forming frogs.
O PI

Claims

THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of manufacturing bricks comprising the steps of:- a) extruding a column of raw clay having at least a cross-section corresponding to the desired brick cross-section; (b) conveying the column to a frog-forming station; and c) cutting a frog(s) out of at least one side of the column at a position corresponding to any face of each individual brick cut from, or to be cut from, the column.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the column is longitudinally cut into a plurality of slugs each having a cross-section equivalent to the desired brick cross-section.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the column or slugs are transversely cut into lengths equivalent to the desired brick length.
4. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the column or slugs are cut after step a) but before step b).
5. Apparatus for manufacturing bricks comprising means to extrude a column of at least one slug of raw clay of a desired brick cross-section, means to convey the column to a frog-forming station, means at the frog-forming station to form a frog in at least one side of the column at a position corresponding to any face of each individual brick cut from, or to be cut from, the column.
6. • The apparatus of claim 5, including means to longitudinally cut the column into a plurality of said slugs.
7. The apparatus of claim 5 or 6, including means to transversely cut the column of slugs into lengths equivalent to the desired brick length.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 or 7, wherein the cutting means are positioned after the extruder means but before the frog-forming station.
9. The apparatus of claim 5, 6, 7 or 8 wherein the frog-forming station comprises at least one rotating blade cutter adapted to cut said frog.
10. The apparatus of any one of claims 5 to 9 wherein the frog forming station comprises a plurality of cutters enabling a plurality of frogs to be formed simultaneously.
11. Brick manu cturing apparatus substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
fREΛD OMPI τ
EP83902082A 1982-07-07 1983-07-06 Brick manufacture Withdrawn EP0113362A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU4750/82 1982-07-07
AUPF475082 1982-07-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0113362A1 true EP0113362A1 (en) 1984-07-18

Family

ID=3769624

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83902082A Withdrawn EP0113362A1 (en) 1982-07-07 1983-07-06 Brick manufacture

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0113362A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1984000320A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA834982B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI76518B (en) * 1986-01-17 1988-07-29 Kt Suunnittelu Oy FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER FORMNING AV BINDSPAOR I SIDOYTORNA HOS ETT BETONGELEMENT.
JP2557222B2 (en) * 1987-02-10 1996-11-27 富士写真フイルム株式会社 Patron manufacturing method and apparatus
FR2714689B1 (en) * 1993-12-30 1996-03-15 Rector Sa Device for notching external surfaces of concrete products.
US5836167A (en) * 1995-09-18 1998-11-17 Nowsco Well Service Ltd. Method and apparatus for freezing large pipe

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE325815B (en) * 1968-11-06 1970-07-06 Lindvall N E L
DE2112916C3 (en) * 1971-03-17 1974-01-31 Hans Van 5130 Geilenkirchen Daal Method and device for the mechanical production of bricks with at least one hand-molded stone-like surface
SU457604A1 (en) * 1973-06-14 1975-01-25 Государственный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектный Институт Силикатного Бетона Автоклавного Твердения Device for surface finishing of building products
US3940229A (en) * 1974-02-22 1976-02-24 Columbia Machine, Inc. Apparatus for manufacturing rough faced bricks
US4078038A (en) * 1976-05-06 1978-03-07 Henderson Clay Products, Inc. Method and apparatus for fabricating irregular shaped brick
US4147491A (en) * 1978-01-27 1979-04-03 Richtex Corporation Apparatus for forming simulated old brick
US4263240A (en) * 1978-01-27 1981-04-21 Richtex Corporation Apparatus and methods for forming simulated old brick

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8400320A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1984000320A1 (en) 1984-02-02
ZA834982B (en) 1984-06-27

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Legal Events

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB LI LU NL SE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

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18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19840613

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: SMALE, JACK, CLIVE

Inventor name: PETERSON, JACK